RECAPITULARE

1. Propozitia conditionala de tipul I se refera la viitor ~i indeplinirea conditiei este posibila:

If I have money I will buy - Daca voi avea bani, voi cumpara"
a new shirt. o cama~a noua.

2. Propozitia conditionala de tipul II se refera la prezent, iar indeplinirea conditiei este putin
probabila sau imposibila:

If I were you I would not buy it. - In locul tau nu l-a~ cumpara.

3. Verbul auxiliar modal "must" - exprima necesitatea, obligatia. Must poate fi inlocuit cu "to
have to" - care nu este un verb auxiliar modal.

She has to write the leter. - Ea trebuie sa scrie scrisoarea.

Verbul auxiliar modal "modal" are doar 0 forma de prezent. La trecut ~i viitor se folose~te in
locullui verbul "to have to".

4. Pronumele relativ "that" se poate omite in urmatoarele situatii:

a) Dupa un superlativ:

It is the best film (that) I have seen. - Este eel mai bun film pe care I-am vazut.

b) Dupa urmatoarele cuvinte:

everything anything something nothing

few little much

c) Dupa adjectivele "any" ~i "only":

Is there any information (that) - Poti sa-mi dai vreo

you can give me? informatie?
 ,.. ,..
LECTIA
, 27 PARTEA INTAI

Aceasta lectie este consacrata problemelor legislative. Cititi cu voce tare

subsantivele noi ~i retineti traducerea lor in limba romana:

law > [10:] - lege

crime > [krahn] - infractiune, crima

criminal > [kriminl] - criminal

fine > [fain] - amenda, penalizare

pickpocket > [pikpokitJ - hot de buzunare

burglar

burglary
> [bit: 'glafJ

> [bit: fglariJ

- spargator

- spargere (furt)
..,
thief, thieves > [Pi:fl [Pi:vzJ - hot, hoti

theft > [Tsei1J -furt

robbery > [robariJ - jaf, furt

shoplifter > [~oplift~lf] - hot de magazine

prisoner > [prizanafJ - prizonier, detinut

police > [pali:sJ - politie

Exersati cuvintele noi ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:

shoplifter > [~opliftafJ - hot de magazine

~
thief, thieves > [T'i:fI[Tsi:vzJ - hot, hoti

law > [lo:J - lege

fine > [f~lin] - amenda, penalizare

pickpocket > [pikpokit] - hot de buzunare

robbery > [robari] - jaf, furt

prisoner > [prizanaf] - prizonier, detinut

police > [pali:s] - politie

crime > [kraim] - infractiune, crima

theft > [Tseft] -furt

burglary > [bit:fgJari] - spargere (furt)

criminal > [kriminl] - criminal

burglar > [bit:fglafJ - spargator

2
 Cuvantul police este un substantiv colectiv, precedat intotdeauna de
articolul hotarat the, iar verbul este la plural.

lata cuvintele noi i'n propozitii. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i urmariti traducerea lor i'n limba romana:

The law forbids some things. > [DZa 10: forbidz sam T'm(glz] - Legea interzice unele lucruri.

Killing a person is a crime. > [kiJ m(gl a pa:'sl1 IZ a kralln] - A omori' 0 persoana este 0 crima.

A criminal does things that > [a krimml daz T'm(glz rYEt - Criminalul face lucruri care
are forbidden. a." forbidn] sunt interzise.

You must pay the fine. > [Ill. mast pel DZa fam - Trebuie sa pHite~ti amenda.

Pickpockets want to steal > [pik]1oklts "ont III stl:l - Hotii de buzunare vor sa-ti fure
your purse. in.' ]1a.'s] portmoneul.

A burglar enters your house > l a ba" gla' cnta'z lOr haus - Spargatorul intra i'n casa ta
to steal things. tll SIll T'l1l f ,d z ] sa fure lucruri.

There are many burglaries > [D'ea' a r melll bit:' glanz - Sunt multe spargeri
every day. e\'rI del] zilnic.

A thief steals. > [a l'dstl'lz] - Hotul fura.

There are more and > [IYea' a r mo.' End - Sunt din ce i'n ce
more robberies. InO ' robm IZ) mai multe jafuri.

Theft is stealing other > [T'eti IZ sti:lm(gJ aD'ij' - Furtul inseamna sustragerea
people's things. pi plz T'm(glz] lucrurilor altor persoane.

"Shoplifters take things out of shops without paying for them."

3
Shoplifters take things > l~oplIfta'ztelk T'm(glz - Hotii de magazine scot
out of shops without paying aut av sops U IDZaut pelln(gl (sustrag) lucruri din magazine
for them. fa r D'em] rara sa plateasca pentru ele.
A prisoner has escaped. > [a prizana' hEz Iskel pI] - Un prizonier a scapat.

Completati unnatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

Multi criminali nu sunt in inchisoare. - Many> cnmmals are not in prison.

Hotii pot fi periculo~i. - > ThIeves can be dangerous.

Furtul de ma~ini este 0 infractiune serioasa? - Is car >thefta serious >cnme?

Hotii de buzunare trebuie sa fie foarte rapizi. - > PIckpockets have to be very fast.

Spargatorul ~i-a rupt piciorul in casa noastra. - The> burglar broke a leg in our house.

leri a avut loc un jaf in apropierea - There was a > robbery near
oficiului po~tal. the post-office yesterday.

Cand a avut loc spargerea aceea? - When was that> burglary?

Detinutii au stat mult timp in inchisoare. - The >pnsoners spent a long time in prison.

Politia cauta doi oameni. - > The polIce are looking for two people.

Aceasta este impotriva legii? - Is this against the > law?

A trebuit sa platim 0 amenda. - We had to pay a >fine.

Hotul de magazine a fost prins - The >shopllfterwas caught

in timp ce parasea magazinul. when he was leaving the shop.

Ati remarcat desigur prepozitia against, care inseamna "impotriva, (in)

contra."

Probabil ati retinut deja cuvintele noi. Traduceti in limba engleza:

.
amenda, penalizare > fine

prizonier, detinut > pnsoner

hot de magazine > shoplifter

criminal > cnmmal

spargere > burglary

politie > pollee

jaf > robbery

spargator > burglar

lege > law

hot > thIef

hot de buzunare > pickpocket

infractiune, erima >cnme

4
Vii prezentiim acum cel de-al trei/ea tip de propozitie conditionalii. in acest tip de propozitie
condltia nu este realizabi/ii. Verbul din subordonata conditionalii este la timpul Past Perfect, iar in
propozitia principalii verbul este la conditionalul trecut, care are urmatoarea structura:would +
have + forma a III-a a verbului de conjugat.

lata diteva exemple:

If the burglar hadn't been caught, we would - Daca spargatorul nu ar fi fost prins,
have lost a lot of money. pierdeam bani multi.

I would have had time to read it - A~ fi avut timp sa 0 citesc,

if you had told me yesterday. daca imi spuneai ieri.

Pe baza exemplelor de mai sus, traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

El nu ar fi ajuns la inchisoare, - If he >hadn't stolen this book

daca nu ar fi furat aceasta carte. then he >would not have gone to prison.

Daca noi coseam f'anul mai devreme, - Ifwe >had made hay earlier
I-am fi viindut. we >would have sold it.

A~ fi mers cu tine ieri la cinematograf, - I >would have gone to the cinema with you
daca a~ fi avut timp. yesterday if I >had had time.

Mi-ar fi vorbit despre acellucru, - He >would have told me about it earlier

daca ar fi ~tiut mai devreme. ifhe >had known

Ce ai fi facut daca - What >would you have done if

te concediau atunci? they >had fired you then?

Verbele would ~i could sunt verbe modale. Structura propozitiei interogative in care apar ~i aceste
verbe este: could/would + subiect + verbul de conjugat, de exemplu:

Could you leave yesterday? - Ai putut pleca ieri?

What would you do if you were rich? - Ce ai face daca ai fi bogat?

Forma negativii a acestor verbe sunt:

could not -forma prescurtatii couldn't [kudnt]

would not -forma prescurtatii wouldn't [Uudnt]

They couldn't see us there. - Nu puteau sa ne vada acolo.

My mother wouldn't spend this much - Mama mea nu ar nu ar cheltui atiit,

if she hadn't money. daca nu ar avea bani.

5
lata cateva cuvinte noi. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la traducerea lor in limba romana:

innocent > [inasant] inocent, nevinovat

guilty > [giltl] vinovat

obviously > [obviaslI] (in mod) evident

outrageous > [autre/dps] imoral, revoltator

brutal > [bru:tl] brutal, crud

lata cuvintele noi intr-un scurt dialog. Cititi cu atentie dialogul:

A: Do you think this man is guilty?

B: He can't be innocent. He obviously stole the cash from the bank.
A: Yes, that was outrageous. I heard that he had been very brutal.
B: I hope he will go to prison for a long time.

Traduceti propozitiile din text in limba romana:

Do you think this man > [L1u /u: f'inlg1k LYis mEn - Crezi ca acest om
is guilty? lZ giltl] este vinovat?

He can't be innocent. > [hI. ka:nt bi: inasant] - Nu poate fi nevinovat.

He obviously stole the cash > [hI. ob\ las II stau! IYa kE~ - Evident, el a furat banii
from the bank. from D/a bEn(g)k] din banca.

Yes, that was outrageous. > [ICS DIEt "az autreidjas] - A fost intr-adevar, revoltator.

> [ai ha:'d D7Et hi· hEd bl.n ~

I heard that he had been - Am auzit ca a fost
very brutal. veri bru:tl] foarte brutal.

I hope he will go to prison > [ai haup hI: lid gau tu prizn - Sper ca va ajunge la inchisoare
for a long time. fo:' a ]on(gl tann] pentru multa vreme.

Completati urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

Ai auzit vreodata despre aceasta - Have you ever heard of this

crima revoltatoare? > outrageous crime?

Este posibil ca ea este vinovata? - Is it possible that she is > guilt)?

Barbatul parea sa fie nevinovat. - The man seemed to be > mnoccnt

Evident, ei au auzit ~tirile. - They have> obVIOusly heard the news.

Nu fii atat de brutal! - Don't be so > brutll

6
Sa exersam inca 0 data cuvintele noi. Traduceti urmatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:

nevinovat > JOnocent

brutal > brutal

(in mod) evident > obvIOusly

revoltator > outrageous

Sd urmiirim in contilluare cum se face trecerea din vorbirea directii in vorbire indirectii, in cazul
propozifiilor interogative.

lata mai intiii, ciiteva exemple:

John asked "Are you at home?". - John asked if I were at home.

Peter asked "When were you in England?". - Peter asked when I had been in England.

Afi observat desigur, cd ordinea in propozifia indirectd interogatiVii este identicd cu cea din
propozifia ajirmativd. De fapt, este vorba despre 0 propozifie ajirmativd $i nu de una interogativii.
111 cazul intrebiirii decizionale (da/nu), propozifia secundarii care urmeazii dupii propozifia
principalii este introdusii prin prepozifia if. In cazul propozifiei interogative complementare
pronumele interogativ riimane neschimbat. Nu uitafi timpul verbelor se schimbii!

Acum, treceti propozitiile interogative de la vorbirea directa la vorbirea indirecta:

Mary asked "Where is he going?". > Mary asked where he \\ as g01I1g.

Peter asked "Did they meet her?". > Peter asked Ir they had met her.

Jane asked "Who has taught her how to swim?". > Jane asked who had taught her how to sWIm.

John asked "Does he like music?". > John clsked Ifhe liked musIc.

in exercitiul urmator, traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Peter a intrebat daca legea interzice acellucru. > Peter asked if the law forbade It.

Mary a intrebat ciind I-a prins politia > Mary asked when the police had caught
pe hot. the thIef

John a intrebat daca hotii de buzunare > John asked if pickpockets

sunt infractori. were cnllllnals.

Jane a intrebat unde vrem sa mergem. > .lane asked where we wanted to go.

Peter a intrebat ciite spargeri au avut loc > Pete! asked hO\\ mallY btl!gIaries there
in acest ora~. had been in thiS cIty

7
In aceasta Iectie nu ati invatat inca verbe noi. lata-Ie:

to commit > [tll kamit] - a comite

to arrest > [tll arest] - a aresta, a pune sub interdictie

to rob > [tll rob] - ajefui, a fura

to prosecute > [tll proslkru:t] - a institui/a intenta (un) proces

to confess > [tll kanfes] - a martllrisi, a recunoa~te

to sentence (to) > [tll sentans] - a condamna

to beware of > [tll blUea f av] - a se feri, a se pazi

Acum yom folosi verbele noi intr-un dialog. Cititi cu atentie:

A: Beware of this man! He's a criminal.
B: What crime did he commit?
A: He robbed ten rich people.
B: Was he prosecuted?
A: Yes, he was. The police arrested him after looking for him for two months.
B: Did he confess to the robberies?
A: Yes, he did. And then he was sentenced to ten years.

Cititi propozitile separat ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:

Beware of this man! - Fere~te-te de omul acesta!

He's a criminal. > [hI:Z a krimml] - Este un criminal.

What crime did he commit? > [" o t kralln dId hi kamit] - Ce infractiune a comis?

He robbed ten rich people. > [hi: rabd (en nt;; pi:pl] - EI a jefuit zece oameni bogati.

Was he prosecuted? > [" az hI: proSlklll:tId] - I s-a intentat proces?

Yes, he was. > [les hI: Uaz] - Da.

The police arrested him > [D/a pali:s arcstld hI:m - Po1itia I-a arestat
after looking for him a:fta f ]ukin(g) fa:' hun dupa ce I-a cautat timp de
for two months. fo. l tu: man f'J doua 1uni.

Did he confess >[dld hI: kanfcs - E1 a recunoscut jafuri1e?

to the robberies? tll [Ya robanz]

Yes, he did. > [les hI: dId] -Da.

And then he was sentenced > [End [Yen hI: "az sen(anst - Apoi a fost condarnnat
to ten years. (ll tcn la'z] 1a zece ani.

8
Completati urmatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

Vecinul lui a comis un furt. - His neighbour >commited a theft.

Cine a fost arestat? - Who has been >arrested?

Ieri cinci oameni I-au jefuit pe bacan. - Five men >robbed the grocer's yesterday.

Fere~te-te de strazile intunecoase! - >Beware of dark streets!

De ce nu li s-a intentat un proces? - Why haven't they been >prosecuted?

El ~i-a recunoscut toate infractiunile. - He >confessed to all his crimes.

Cine i-a condamnat? - Who has >sentenced them?

in urmatorul exercitiu, traduceti verbele noi in limba engleza:

a aresta > to arrest

a intenta (un) proces > to prosecute

a se feri > to beware of

a condamna > to sentence

a comite > to commit

a jefui > to rob

a marturisi, a recunoa~te > to confess

lata ultimul exercitiu al lectiei. Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

El m-a intrebat cfmd il vor condamna. > He asked me when they would sentence him.

Daca a~ fi ~tiut mai devreme, > If l had known earlier

nu m-a~ fi intors acasa. I would not have returned home.

~tii ca fratelui nostru i s-a intentat un proces? > Do you know our brother was prosecuted?

EI a fost arestat pentru ca a comis 0 infractiune. > He \\ as arrested because he commited a clime.

Mary a intrebat daca aceasta intiimplare > Mary asked if this story
a fost revoltatoare. was outrageous.

Au avut loc recent multe spargeri > There have been a lot of burglaries
in imprejurimile noastre. in OUI surroundings recently.

~tii ca legea noastra interzice furtul? > Do you know our law forbids theft?

Fere~te-te de acest om brutal! > Beware of thIs brutal man!

I-au condamnat la cinci ani. > They sentenced them to five years.

Ea ~i-a recunoscut crima. > She confessed the cnme.

9
LECTIA
, 27 - PARTEA A DOVA

Sa continuam tot cu problemele legislative. Unneaza un grup de substantive

noi. Citili-le cu voce tare:

sentence > [scnt:.ms] - sentinta

remorse > [rimo:"s] - remu~care,cainta

police-station > [pali:s stci~n] - post de politie

ticket > [tiklltj - bilet, proces verbal

(de contravenlie)

speeding > [spi:din(gl] - exces de viteza

murder > [ma:rda r] - crima, omucidere

murderer > [mll:'dararj - uciga~, asasin

evidence > [evidans] - dovada, marturie

behaviour > [bihcivd] - purtare, comportament

blackmail > [bIEkmeil] - ~antaj

capital > [kEpitl - pedeapsa capitala!

punishment pani~mant] cu moartea

death sentence > [deT' scnlans] - condamnare la moarte

Exersati cuvintele noi, dar in alta ordine:

murderer > [ma:rdara r] - uciga~, asasin

speeding > [spi:din lgl ] - exces de viteza

sentence > [sentans] - sentinta

capital > [kEpitl - pedeapsa capitaHi/

punishment panismant] cu moartea

remorse > [rimo:rs] - remu~care, cainta

ticket > [tikat] - bilet, proces verbal

(de contraventie)

blackmail > [blEkmeil] - ~antaj

murder > [ma:fda'] - crima, omucidere

evidence > [cvicbns] - dovada, marturie

death sentence > [dcT' scntans] - condamnare la moarte

police-station > [pali: s stei~ll] - post de politie

behaviour > [biheivia f] - purtare, comportament

10
Citili cu voce tare urmatoarele propozilii in limba engleza in care am introdus cuvinte1e noi ~i fili
atenli la traducerea lor in limba romana:

He got a long sentence. > [hI' got a lan(g' sentans] - EI a primit 0 pedeapsa lunga.

Does he feel any remorse? >1 daz hi: ft:l enlllmo:'sj - EI are vreo remu~care?

They were taken >[lYeiua.l tClkn - Au fost du~i la

to the police-station. tll IYa pali:s stcisn] postul de polilie.

Do you often get a ticket? > [till Ill, ofi! get a tibt] - Prime~tides procese verbale
de contraventie?

Last week I got one > [Ia~t " L k <11 got "an - Saptamana trecuta am primit
for speeding. fa, spi dmlg1j una pentru exces de viteza.

Is murder the most > [IZ ma"da' fYa mallst - Omuciderea este cea mai
serious crime? si'! las krcl/ITI] serioasa infractiune?

Is it known who > [ iz It 11cllln hu' - Se ~tie cine a fost

the murderer was? D/,lllla,'dara'" az j uciga~ul?

There is enough evidence. > [[Yea' IZ lIlafc\'ldansj - Sunt dovezi suficiente.

What do you think > [" a t dll ill, T'lI1 lgl k - Ce parere ai despre
of her behaviour? a\ hal blhe/\ la'] comportamentul el?

They are guilty of blackmail. > [IYel 3:' giltl a\' blEkmell] - Sunt vinovali de ~antaj.

Do they get capital > L-Ill [Yel get kEpit! - Vor primi pedeapsa
punishment? panlSl1lant] capitala?

The death sentence > [D/a deT' sentans - Condamnarea la moarte

did not scare him. did nol skea' him] nu I-a speriat.

in urmatorul exerc1tiu completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

Siiptamiina aceasta au avut loc trei crime. - There have been three >murders this week.

Postul de polItIC este langa hotel. - The >police-statj'll1 is next to the hotel.

Dovezlle sunt putine. - There is a little >cvldencc.

Comportamenrullor este foarte ciudat. - Their >beha\ lOur is very strange.

UCtga::;11 au tost arestali. - The >munlcll'rs have been arrested.

Santalul t'~te adesea profitabil. - >Blackmcul is often profitable.

Ce pedt"apsa au primit? - What >sentence did they get?

I)nll oalOeni ered ca pedeapsa capitala - Some people think >capital punishment
este t':lra rost. is useless.

Pollllstul i-a intocmit un proces verbal. - The policeman gave him a >tieket.

11
Se condamna la moarte pentru furt? - Is there a >death sentence for theft?

Excesul de viteza este penculos. - >Speeding is dangerous.

Desigur, pute~i deja sa tladuce~i cuvintele noi in limba engleza:

criminal, uciga~ > murderer

condamnare la moarte > death sentence

dovada > eVIdence

sentinta > sentence

exces de viteza > speedmg

pedeapsa capitalalcu moartea > capital punishment

proces verbal de contraventie > ticket

post de politie > polIce-statIOn

crima, omucidere > murder

comportament > behaviour

remu~care > remorse

~antaj > blackmaIl

latti 0 modalitate de exprzmare a viitorului. cu ajutorul constructiei to be going to - a avea de gand

sa. in aceastti constructie se conjugti doar verbul to be infunctie de persoanti ~i timp (I am going to,
she is going to, they are going to, etc.). De exemplu:

I am going to watch a film tonight. - Deseara rna uit la un film.

They were going to fly to England. - Ei au avut de gand sa zboare in Anglia.

• ::::-1
lnterogativul se formeazti prin inversiunea ordinii subiectului cu forma corespunztitoare a verbului - t~ ;~;: : . .
to be. Nega!ia se formeazti prin adtiugarea la forma corespunztitoare a verbului to be a adverbului 1:::::::::1\·:::-.
de nega!ie not. De exemplu: i:" .:'

Where are you going to spend your holiday? - Unde iti vei petrece concediul? it;::!::' :
I" .
She was not going to visit us yesterday. - Ea nu a avut de gand sa ne viziteze ieri. ! .

Pe baza exemplelor, traduceti propozitiile care urmeaza in limba engleza:

Nu avem de gand sa-l arestam pe acest om. > We aren't going to arrest this man.

Unde iti vei duce copiii? > Where are you going to take your children?

Tata! meu va vinde ma~ina noastra veche. > My father is going to sell our old car.

Politia ii va duce la postul de politie? > Are the police going to take them
to the police-station?

Nu-ti voi povesti aceasta intimplare. > I'm not going to tell you this story.

12
lata aIte cateva cuvinte noi. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i retineti sensullor:

relieved >lnli.vd] - u~urat

sufficient > [safi~ant) - suficient

violent >l valalant] - violent

decent >l di:sant) - decent, cumsecade

envious (ot) >l en\'las) - invidios (pe)

gentle >[ dJentl] - bland, ginga~, amabil

lata cuvintele noi in propozitii:

He was relieved when >[hl: "oz nli:vd lien - El a fost u~urat cand
he was not prosecuted. hi: "az not proslkiu.tid) nu i s-a intentat proces.

Is this sufficient for today? >llz D7 1s safi~ant fo:' tadci] - Este suficient pentru azi?

He has always been >[hi: hEz o:]Ue/z bi:n - El a fost intotdeauna

a violent man. a va/alant mEn] un om violent.

Most people are decent. >[maust pi.pl a:' di:sant) - Majoritatea oamenilor
sunt curnsecade.

The thief said he was envious >[DZa TSJ:fsed hi: Uoz envias - Hotul a spus ca era invidios
of rich people. 3\ nt~ pi:pl] pe oamenii bogati.

What a gentle person she is! >[ Uot a dJcntl pa:'sn ~i: IZ] - Ce persoana amabila este ea!

Completati urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:

Ace~tia sunt oameni decenti. - These are >decent people.

Te-ai simtit u~urat ~i tu? - Were you >reheved, too?

Fii amabil cu ei! - Be >gentle to them!

Este suficient ulei? - Is there >sufficient oil?

Sunt intotdeauna atat de violenti? - Are they always so >vlolent?

Nu are rost sa fi invidios. - It's no use being >envious.

Traduceti urmatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:

decent > decent

u~urat > leheved

invidios (pe) > envious (of)

amabil > gentle

violent > \ !Olent

suficient > suffiCIent

13
Jar acum vom invata un alt tip de pronume - pronumele relativ compus. lata trei dintre acestea:

whoever > l hu eva'] - oricine, oricare

whatever > [lJoteva'] - mice

whichever > [tlJt~c\a'] - oricare, orice

Sa Ie folosim in propozilii:

Whatever happens > [tlnteva' h Epnz - Orice s-ar intimpla,

I will help you. al "ll help IU:] te voi ajuta.

Whoever sees the thief > [hu."va' SI:Z DZa Pl.f - Oricine vede holul,
must tell the police. mast tel Dca pzlli:s] trebuie sa anunle polilia.

Whichever of these cars > l Ult~C\ a' av IYJ:z ka:'z - Orice ma~ina
you choose, it will cost you Ill. t~u Z It "il kost Ill: ai alege, te va costa
a lot. a lot] mult.

Dupa pronumele relative compuse, pentru exprimarea viitorului se

folose~te timpul Simple Present.

Traduceli propoziliile urmatoare in limba engleza:

Orice casa cumperi, va fi prea mica > Whichever house you buy It wJll be too small
pentru familia tao for your fatTIlly.

Oricine imi cere bani, il voi refuza. > Whoever asks me for money, 1will refuse him.

Orice scrii va fi bine. > Whatever you WrIte it will be all right.

lata acum cateva verbe noi. Citili-le cu atenlie ~i invatati semnificatia lor:

to accuse (of) > l tu aklU:z] - a acuza, a invinui (de)

to release > [tllJllis] - a elibera, a pune in libertate

to murder > (tu ma:'da'j - a ucide, a omori

to report > [tu JIjlO:'\] - a raporta, a anunla

to convict (of) > [\ll kanvikt] - a condamna, a declara vinovat

(pe cineva)

to punish > l tu pal1J~ ] - a pedepsi

to find out > [tu f~\lnd aut] - a constata, a descoperi

14
Cititi eLI atentie urmatorul dialog In care apar ~i cuvintele noi:

A: Six months ago somebody reported a murder to the police.

B: Did they catch the murderer?
A: Yes, they did. He was accused and convicted.
B: How was he punished?
A: He was sentenced to capital punishment. But after two weeks he was released.
B: Why? Wasn't he guilty?
A: No, he wasn't. The police found out that somebody else had committed the crime.

Traduceti In limba romana propozitiile din text:

Six months ago somebody > l "lks man Ps ag;iu samhodi - Cu ~ase luni In urma,
reported a murder lIpo:'(Jd a ma:'da' cineva a anuntat 0 crima
to the police. tll fYa pali:s] la politie.

Did they catch the murderer? > [did IY L'l kel~ D a mil:' dara'] - L-au prins pe criminal?

Yes, they did. - Da.

He was accused and > [hi "oz aklU:zd Fnd - EI a fost acuzat ~i
convicted. kanviktJd] condamnat.

How was he punished? > [hal: u oz hI: pamst] - Ce pedeapsa a primit?

He was sentenced to > [hI: "oz scnl,lllS; III - EI a primit pedeapsa

capital punishment. kEplt1 pal11~1l1al1t] cu moartea.

But after two weeks > l hat ana' Iu "I:ks - Dar dupa doua saptamani,
he was released. hi: "oz nli sl] el a fost pus In libertate.

Why? > ["al] - Dece?

Wasn't he guilty? > ll'o,rnt hI' ~iltlJ - Nu a fost vinovat?

No, he wasn't. - Nu.

The police found out that > l D/a pali.s falJlld aul DiEt - Politia a constatat
somebody else had committed sambodJ els bEd kamilld ca altcineva a comis crima.
the crime. D/a ham!]

Sa exersam folosirea verbelor noi. Completati propozitiile In limba engleza cu forma verbala
corespunzatoare:

Noi am anuntat furtulla postul de politie. - We >reported the theft at the police-station.

De ce I-au eliberat? - Why have they >reh:a.,,~d him?

El m-a acuzat ca i-am furat cizmele. - He >accused me of stealing his boots.

15
De ce nu i-au pedepsit? - Why haven't they >punlshed them?

Pentru ce I-au condamnat? - What did they >convlct him of?

EI ~i-a omorat secretera. - He >has murdered his secretary.

Am descoperit deja cine mi-a mancat cina. - I have already >found out who ate my dinner.

"I have already found out who ate my dinner."

Traduceti in limba engleza verbele:

a raporta, a anunta > to report

a elibera, a pune in libertate > to release

a condamna, a declara vinovat > to convict

a pedepsi > to pUnish

a acuza, a invinui (de) > to accuse (of)

a omori, a ucide > to murder

a constata, a descoperi > to find out

In final, sa verificam in ce masura ati reu~it sa retineti materialul acestei lectii:

Doi hoti de buzunare au fost arestati azi. > Two pIckpockets have been arrested today.

Politia nu ~tie unde se afla acest criminal. > The polIce don't know where thIs criminal is.

Spargatorul ar fi fost prins mai devreme, > The burglar would have been caught earher
daca am fi avut telefon atunci. If we had had a telephone then.

Evident, ei au comis aceasta infractiune. > They ob\ lOusly cOlTI1mtted thIs cnme.

16
Purtarea lui este revolUitoare. > His behavIour is outrageous.

Peter a i'ntrebat daca prietenullui > Peter asked if his fnend

a fost condamnat. had been sentenced.

Ei au intrehat cand yom intenta proces > They asked when we would prosecute her.
impotriva ei.

Feriti-va de oamenii rai! > Beware of bad people!

EI a primit pedeapsa eu moartea. > He got a death sentence.

Daea ai fi condus mai incet, nu ti s-ar fi intocmit > If you had dnven slowlier you wouldn't
un proces verbal de contravenlie. have got a ticket.

Nu avem suficiente dovezi sa-i acuzam > We don't have enough evidence to accuse
de acest jaf. them of thiS robbery.

Acest hot are vreo remu~care? > Does thiS thief have any remorse'?

Polilia are de gand sa-l duca pe uciga~ > The pollce are going to take the murderer
la postul de politie. to the pol ice-statlOll,

Oricine va veni aici, 11 voi da afara. > Whoe\er comes hetc I wdl throw him out.

Cum ai de gand sa-l pedepse~ti? > How are you going to punish him?

Acum urmeaza obi~nuitul exerciliu de pronuntie. Literele din aceea~i coloana, scrise accentuat,
desemneaza un sunet identic:

[e] [I: ] ['II] [i]

theft relieved fine convict

death decent crime criminal

envious thief time fish

gentle release rise thick

17
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
, 27

27.1. Propozitia conditionala de tipul III (III Conditional)

27.1.1. in propozitia conditionala de tipul III conditia este ireala, nu este realizabila.

27.1.2. in propozitia conditionala introdusa de prepozitia "if" verbul este la timpul Past
Perfect, iar in propozitia subordonata apare constructia: "would + have + forma a III-a
a verbului de conjugat".

De exemplu:

If the burglar hadn't been caught - Daca spargatorul nu ar fi fost prins,

we would have lost a lot of money. noi am fi pierdut 0 multime de bani.

I would have had time to do it - A~ fi avut timp sa fac asta

if you had told me yesterday. daca imi spuneai ieri.

27.2. Vorbirea indirecta, propozitia indirecta interogativa

27.2.1. Ordinea in propozitia indirecta interogativa este identica cu aceea dintr-o propozitie
afirmativa.

27.2.2. in cazul intrebarii decizionale (da/nu) propozitia secundara care urmeaza dupa
propozitia principala este introdusa prin prepozitia if. De exemplu:

Peter asked "Did they meet her?" - Peter asked if they had met her.

in propozitia interogativa complementara, pronumele interogativ ramane neschimbat.

De exemplu:

Mary asked "Where is he going?". - Mary asked where he was going.

Timpul verbului se schimba conform regulii concordantei timpurilor.

27.3. Constructia "to be going to" - "a avea de gand sa":

27.3.1. in aceasta constructie, se schimba doar forma verbului "to be" in functie de persoana
~i timp (I am going to, she is going to, they are going to etc.). De exemplu:

I am going to visit them today. - Ii voi vizita azi.

27.3.2. Interogativul se formeaza prin inversiunea subiectului cu forma corespunzatoare a

verbului to be, iar negatia prin adaugarea adverbului de negatie "not" la forma
corespunzatoare a verbului "to be".

Where are you going to spend - Unde ai de gand sa-ti petreci

your holiday? concediul?

She was not going to visit us - Ea nu a avut de gand sa ne viziteze

yesterday. ieri.

18
27.4. Pronumele relative compuse:

whoever - oricine, oricare

whatever - once

whichever - oricare, orice

Whatever happens I will help you. - Grice s-ar intampla te voi ajuta.

Whoever sees the thief must tell the police. - Gricine vede hotul, trebuie sa anunte politia.

Whichever of these cars you choose, - Grice ma~ina alegi,

it will cost you a lot. te va costa mult.

De~i dupa pronumele relative compuse se folose~te timpul Simple Present, de obicei, ele se
refera la viitor.

27.5. "Would, could"

27.5.1. Verbele "would" ~i "could" sunt verbe auxiliare modale, de aceea propozitiile
interogative formate cu ajutorullor, implica inversiunea, de exemplu:

Could you leave yesterday? - Ai putut pleca ieri?

What would you do if you - Ce ai face daca ai fi bogat?

were rich?

27.5.2. Formele lor negative sunt:

"could not" - forma prescurtata "couldn't"

"would not" - forma prescurtata "wouldn't"

They couldn't see us there. - Nu puteau sa ne vada acolo.

My mother wouldn't pay for this - Mama mea nu ar plati pentru asta
if she hadn't money. daca nu ar avea bani.

19
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 27

A Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba romana:

I. John isn't going to invite her to his house.

2. Whoever comes tell him I am not at home.

3. Peter asked who had caught the pickpocket.

4. If the police had had this information earlier, they would have found the criminal easily.

5. The prisoner asked if he had to pay a fine.

6. This outrageous brutal crime was committed by a very young man.

B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

I. Spargatorul a fost arestat dupa ce a jefuit doua case.

2. De ce ai de gand sa-I declari vinovat de acest omor?

3. Daca locatarii ar fi anuntat mai devreme spargerea, ei nu ar fi pierdut totul.

4. Grice vrei sa faci, ar fi mai bine daca ai renunta.

5. Maria a intrebat cand ii vor elibera sotul.

6. Peter a intrebat daca hotului de buzunare i s-a intentat proces.

C. Alegeti cuvantul care se potrive~te in propozitie:

I. John asked who arrested.

a. is

b. was

2. The children going to play in the garden.

a. were
b. wasn't

3. . tells you this, don't think it's true.

a. whatever
b. whoever

4. If they him to capital punishment it would have been horrible.

a. had sentenced
b. sentence

20
LECTIA 28 "
PARTEA "INTAI
,

Sa revenim la problemele legislative, dar yom studia alte teme. Daca pana
acum ne-am ocupat de expresiile legislatiei penale, in continuare yom
face cuno~tinta cu expresii ale legislatiei civile:.

wedding > [\ledin();)] nunta

wedding-day > [\ledin();) dei] ziua nuntii

wedding-ring > ["edin();) rin(g)] verigheta

God, god > [god] Dumnezeu, divinitate

bride > [braid] mireasa

guest > [gest] musafir, invitat

bachelor > [bEt~ala'] celibatar

bridegroom > [braidgru:m] mire

mamage > [mEridj] casatorie

divorce > [divo:'s] divort

relatives > [relati:vz] rude

service > [sa:'vis] serviciu, ceremonie

lata noile cuvinte intr-o alta ordine. Fiti atenti la pronuntie ~i retineti
corespondentul lor in limba romana:

bachelor > [bEt~alar] celibatar

bride > [braid] mireasa

God, god > [god] Dumnezeu, divinitate

guest > [gest] musafir, invitat

servIce > [sa:rvis] serviciu, ceremonie

wedding-ring > ["edin(g) rin(gl] verigheta

divorce > [divo:rs] divort

wedding > ["edin(gl] nunta

mamage > [mEridj] casatorie

wedding-day > [cledin();) dei] ziua nuntii

relatives > [relati:vz] rude

bridegroom > [braidgru:m] mIre

21
lata cuvintele noi in propozitii. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:

When is their wedding-day? > ["en iz Dlel' UeulIllgl dei] - Cand va avea loc nunta lor?

What a beautiful wedding >[" o t a hlU:td1tl"edin(g) - Ce nunta minunata

that was! DIEt "oz] a fost!

He bought expensive >[hl: bo:t lkspensiv - El a cumparat verighete

wedding-rings. "edin(g) rin(glz] scumpe.

God, help me! >[god help mi:] - Doamne, ajuta-ma!

The bride was late. > [DZa braid U oz leit] - Mireasa a intfirziat.

The bridegroom is very tall. >[D1a braidgru:m lZ ven to:l] - Mirele este foarte inalt.

How many guests were there? >[hau meni gests "a.' D/ea'] - Cfiti invitati au fost acolo?

This man is a bachelor. >[DZIS mEn iz a bEt::;ala'] - Acest barbat este celibatar.

There are many divorces >[ Olea' a I mcni divo:'SIZ - Sunt multe divorturi
every year. evn la'] in fiecare an.

They say marriage >[ D/ci sci mEnu] iz - Ei spun ca mariajul va dura
is forever. (orcva'] o ve~nicie.

Were all your relatives there? >[" a .' 0.1 io:' rclati.vz IYea'] - Au fost acolo toate rudele tale?

The service was impressive. >[D/ 3 sa:'vis "oz lmpreslv] - Ceremonia a fost impresionanta.

"The bridegroom is very tall."

22
lata un alt exercitiu: completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

Casatoria nu este pentru mine. - > Marriage is not for me.

Nu voi fi acolo la nunta lor. - I will not be at their >wedding.

~tiu ca exista Dumnezeu. - I know there is > God

Toata lumea a vorbit despre divortullor. - Everybody talked about their >divorce.

Ai cumparat deja verighetele? - Have you bought the> wedding-rings yet?

El a spus ca nu va uita niciodata - He said he would never forget his

ziua nuntii sale. >wedding-day.

Au intarziat la ceremonie. - They were late for the> service.

Mireasa $i mirele au putine rude. - The> bride and the> bndegroom have
few>relatives.

Ai fost unul dintre musafiri? - Were you one of the > guest~'?

Ma bucur ca sunt celibatar. - I'm glad I'm a> bachelor

De cat timp 11 cuno$tea mireasa? - How long has the> bndeknown him?

Mirele este fratele meu. - The> bndegroomis my brother.

Traduceti cuvintele in limba engleza, pentru a Ie retine cat mai bine:

mire > bndegroom

divort > di\ orce

musafrr > guest

verigheta > weddl11g-ring

mireasa > bnde

serviciu, ceremonie > sen Ice

Dumnezeu > God

ruda, rude > relatIves

ziua nuntii > wedding-day

nunta > wedding

celibatar > bachelor

casatorie > marnage

Sa revenim la pronumele relative.

Pronumele relative aflate la inceputul propozitiilor relative restrictive, pot fi omise in anumite
cazuri.

23
De exemplu:

The people (whom) I visited were - Oamenii pe care i-am vizitat, au fost
very nice to me. foarte draguti cu mine.

Don't lose the ticket (which) he has given to you. - Nu pierde biletul pe care ti I-a dat.

Do you like the book (that) you have read? - Iti place cartea pe care ai citit-o?

The news (which) we heard was very bad. - ~tirea pe care a auzit-o, a fost foarte proasta.

Is the car (which) you drove yesterday expensive? - Este scumpa ma~ina pe care ai condus-o ieri?

Traduceti in limba engleza frazele care contm propozitii secundare relative. Daca este cazul, omiteti
pronumele relative, conform regulii anterioare:

Ace~ti oameni pe care ii cunosc demult, > These people. whom I have known for a long
au fost concediati ieri. time, were fired yesterday.

Ma~ina pe care am cumparat-o saptamana trecuta, > The car J bought last week
este foarte rapida. IS \ ery fast.

Femei~ care se plimba acolo, > The woman who IS walkmg there is
este sora tatalui meu. my father's sIster

Unde ai cumparat costumul > Where have you bought the suit
pe care tocmai il porti? you are weanng')

Cartofii pe care i-am scos, sunt mici. > The potatoes we have dug are small.

Acest scaun, care este foarte vechi, > This chair, which IS VClY old,
nu este de vanzare. IS not for sale.

Casa pe care am construit-o nu este foarte inalta. > The house wc have built is not very high.

Politistul care I-a arestat pe infractor, > The policeman that arrested the criminal
a spus ca nu a fost u~or. said that It hadn't been easy.

lata acum cateva cuvinte noi:

engaged >[mgeldjd] -Iogodit

happy >[hEpI] - fericit

enormous >[mo:1mas] - enorm, una~

single > [singl] - necasatorit, celibatar

incredible > [mkrBdl bal] - incredibil

religious > [nlidJas] - religios

24
Cititi unnatoarele propozitii in limba engleza in care am folosit cuvintele noi:

Smce when have they >[sms lien hEy DZei - De cfmd sunt logoditi?
been engaged? bi:n mgeldjd]

It was the happiest day > [It "oz DZa hEpiast del - A fost cea mai fericita zi
of their lives. a\' D/ei' lalvz] din viata lor.

They are going to live > [D'ei a:' gaum(g) tu Iiv - Ei vor locui intr-o
in an enonnous house. in an ino"mas haus] casa enonna.

Are you still single? >[a:' Ill: stll singl] - E~ti inca necasatorit?

Their divorce is incredible. >[D'd divo:'s iz inkredlbal] - Divortul lor este incredibil.

These people are > [D/t:z pi:pl a:' - Ace~ti oameni sunt
very religious. \en rilidjas] foarte religio~i.

Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele noi:

Aceasta este 0 gradina imensa. - This is an >enormous garden.

Este incredibil ca el este deja aici. - It is >incredible that he is already here.

Ei au fost logoditi doar pentru - They have been >engaged for only
scurt timp. a short time.

Ea a spus ca vrea sa ramana necasatorita. - She said that she wanted to stay >single

Sunt religio~i ace~ti oameni? - Are these people >rehgious?

Ai fost fericit? - Were you >happy?

Ati reu~it desigur, sa retineti cuvintele noi. Traduceti in limba engleza:

incredibil > mcredible

logodit > engaged

necasatorit, celibatar > single

enonn, uria~ > enormous

religios > religious

fericit > happy

Sa revenim la vorbirea indirecta:

1. Propozi{ii condi!ionale

in cazul vorbirii indirecte In propozi!ia condi!ionald de tipull, timpul verbului se schimbii

conform regulii de concordan{ii a timpurilor (timpul prezent se schimba In timp trecut):

25
 Peter said "If I have time I will - Peter said that if he had time he would
go to the cinema". go to the cinema.

in cazul propozifiilor condifionale de tipulII ~i III, timpul verbului rdmiine neschimbat, de

exemplu:

John said "If I were you I would not - John said that if he were me he would not
do it." do it.

Mary said "If I had had the money earlier - Mary said that if she had had the money
I would have paid for the car." earlier she would have paid for the car.

2. Expresii dupd care Propozifia secundard trece la timpul Simple Past. in urmdtoarele expresii
se schimbd timpul verbului:

it is time - it was time

I wish - I wished

Timpul verbului din propozifiile secundare care urmeazd dupd aceste expresii, nu se schimbd.
latd doud exemple:

Peter said "I wish I had a house." - Peter said he wished he had a house.

Mary said "It's time I went home." - Mary said it was time she went home.

Pe baza regulilor enuntate anterior, traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

John a spus ca daca s-ar fi insurat cu Mary, - John said that If he had marned Mary
atunci ar fi fost fericit. then he \\ollid have been happy.

Mary mi-a spus ca este timpul sa il parasesc. - Mary told me that It W<lS time I len hIm.

Peter a spus ca daca ar avea bani destui, - Peter said that If he had enough money
m-ar imprumuta ~i pe mine. he \\ould lend me some.

Joan a spus ca ar vrea sa fie mai bogata. - Joan said she Wished she were richer.

Mama mea a spus ca daca ar vrea sa mearga acolo, - My mother Said that if she wanted to go there
s-ar duce. she would go

Sa invatam inca eateva verbe:

to marry > [tu mEriJ - a se casatori (cu), a se insura

to divorce >[tLl divo:'s] - a divorta

to attend > l tu atcnd] - a fi prezent, a frecventa

to believe >[tu bIli.v] - a crede

to swear > [tu sU ea'] - ajura

Verbul "to swear" este neregulat. Formele sale sunt:

formal forma a II-a forma a III-a

swear> [SUe,I'] swore> f SuO"] sworn >[s"o:'n]

26
Cititi eu atentie dialogul urmator in care apar ~i verbele noi:

A: Do you know that Joan is going to divorce her husband?

B: Oh, no! I can't believe it! Are you sure?
A: I swear it's true.
B: But she married him a year ago!
A: I know. I attended the wedding.
B: This news is awful. I thought they were happy together.

Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba engleza:

Do you know that Joan > [du ill: nOll O'Et djoun - ~tii ca Joan
is going to divorce 1Z giiuin lgl tu divo:' s divorteaza de sotul ei?
her husband? ha:' halbimd]

Oh, no! I can't believe it! > [ou nOll ai ka:nt hili:v it] - Oh, nul Nu pot sa cred!

Are you sure? > [a' Ill: )ua'] - E~ti sigur?

I swear it's true. > [ai SUear lts trll:] - Jur ca este adevarat.

But she married him > [bat Zil. mErid him - Dar s-a easatorit eu el acum
a year ago! a iia' agou] un an.

I know. I attended > [al nou al iitendld - ~tiu. Am participat

the wedding. IYa uedm ,g )] la nunta.
This news is awful. > [D'lS nru:z IZ 0.f1] - Aceasta veste este groaznica.
I thought they were > [ill TSo:t D/ei U a :' - Am crezut ca erau
happy together. hEp! tageDZa'] fericiti impreuna.

Completati propozitiile in limba engleza eu forma verbala corespunzatoare:

Poti sa juri ca este adevarat? - Can you> swear that it is true?

Ei au erezut intotdeauna in Dumnezeu. - They have always> believed in God.

Ciiti oameni au fost prezenti la nunta? - How many people> attended the wedding?

Au divortat cu multi ani in urma. - They have been > divorced for many years.

Cu cine te-ai casatorit? - Whom have you> marned?

Pentru a retine verbele noi, traduceti in limba engleza:

a se casatori, a se insura sau a se marita > 10 many

a crede > to believe

a divorta > to dlvorce

aJura > to swear

a fi prezent/de fata la, a participa la > to attend

27
lata doua cazuri in care se utilizeaza verbele auxihare could ~i would.

lata ciiteva exemple:

Could you open the window? - Ai putea deschide geamul?

Would you give me some tea? - (E~ti atat de amabil) Poli sa-mi dai pUlin ceai?

Traduceli propoziliile urmatoare in limba engleza folosind aceste doua verbe auxiliare:

E~ti atat de amabil sa-mi cumperi biletele? > Would you buy me the tickets?

Ai putea sa te uili la scrisoarea mea? > Could you look at my letter?

E~ti atat de amabil sa-mi imprumuli carlile tale? > Would you lend me your books?

Ai putea sa uili aceste cuvinte? > Could you forget these words?

Vrei sa faci curat in camera? > Would you clean your room?

In exerciliul urmator, vom recapitula materia acestei leclii. Daca nu intampinali dificultali, inseamna
ca puteli trece la partea a doua a lecliei 28. Traduceli in limba engleza:

Omul care a fost arestat, > The man they have arrested
nu a marturisit inca. has not confessed yet.

L-ar fi condarnnat pe prizonier, > They would have convicted the pnsoner
daca ar fi fost mai multe dovezi. If there had been more eVidence.

Celibatarul despre care a vorbit ea, > The bachelor she talked about
a fost una dintre rudele mele. was one of my relatIves.

In ziua nunlii a fost incredibil de cald. > The weddIng-day was Incredibly hot.

"The wedding-day was incredibly hot."

28
Ea nu este acea femeie fericita > She is not the happy woman
din ziua nuntii sale. she was on her wedding-day.

Mirele 0 cuno~tea pe mireasa > The bridegroom has known the bride
de mult timp. for a very long tunc.

Au fost multe ceremonii saptamana aceasta. > There have been many services this week.

EI de ce a jurat sa ramana celibatar? > Why has he sworn to stay smgle?

Verighetele pe care ni Ie-au aratat, > The wedding-rings we were shown

erau revoltator de scumpe. were outrageously expensive.

Nu rna voi marita cu eL > I am not going to marry him.

Ea este cea mai frumoasa mireasa > She is the most beautiful bride
pe care am vazut-o vreodata. I have ever seen.

Car\ile care se afla pe masa sunt ale tale. > The books which are on the table are yours.

In incheiere, urmeaza obi~nuitul exercitiu de pronuntie. Cititi cu atentie urmatoarele cuvinte:

[E] [e] [0:] [ei]

happy wedding divorce engaged

marriage guest com outrageous

bachelor relatives enormous rate

man men dawn late

hat when sworn gave

29
LECTIA
, 28 - PARTEA A nOVA

Aceasta parte a lectiei incepe cu un dialog. Fiti atenti la pronuntia cuvintelor ~i silabelor accentuate:

Barbara: Speaking about crime you know that people have always said that crime doesn't pay.
John: But in some countries crime seems to be profitable because the criminals are not sufficiently
punished.
Barbara: I agree, and if a prisoner is convicted of a crime, he often doesn't have to go to prison for
a long time.
John: How true it is. They say this is because the criminal didn't know what he was doing when
he commited the crime. Don't ask me how they know.
Barbara: And if a prisoner's behaviour is good he is released.
John: I think the only thing we can do to change this situation is to punish the people who don't
want to punish the criminals.

Mary: Of course there are happier things to talk about than crime, such as weddings.
Peter: Yes, just tell me please who isn't happy himself when he sees other people happy on their
wedding-day.
Mary: Even if you prefer to stay single you can imagine that this is a day they will never forget.
Peter: We must hope that life will always bring us more to be happy about than to be sad about.

Urmeaza ultimul exercitiu de traducere al acestei lectii:

Ploua cand ne-am dus la postul de poIitie > It was rainmg when we were going to tbe
ca sa anuntam spargerea. police-statIOn to report the burglary.

In luna aceea au fost comise multe > Many brutal murders were committed
crime brutale. that month.

EI a spus ca nu se va simti in siguranta, > He said that he would not feel safe
pana cand criminalul nu va fi arestat. tIll the murderer was arrested.

Daca a~ fi avut timp, a~ fi fost prezent > If I had had tune I would have attended
la ceremonie. the service.

Crima de care el a fost acuzat, a fost > The crime he was accused of was
una violenta. a violent one.

Omul care a fost eliberat a fost > 1 he man who was released was
evident nevinovat. obviously mnocent.

Anul in care recolta s-a distrus, a fost prea secetos. > The year our crop failed, was too dry.

EI nu este omul care era cand ne-am intalnit > lie is not the man he was when
prima data. we first met.

30
Crezi ca e vinovat? > Do you lhll1k he IS gUIlty?

Nu vreau platesc amenda pentm ca > I don't \\ ant to pay tht' fine because
sunt nevinovat. I am Il1l10cent.

$antajul este infraqiune profitabila. > BlackmaIl is a \ ery prolitable crnne.

Acest avion este uria~. > rhls plane IS enOIIIlOllS.

L-am intrebat daca oamenii religio~i sunt > I asked him If I ellglou" people were
intotdeauna amabili. always gentle.

Ea a spus ca nu I-a vawt > She saId she had not seen h1111
de la divort. since the dIvorce.

A fura este 'impotriva legii. > Stealing IS agamsl the law.

Saptamana viitoare participam la 0 nunta. > We ,Ire attendmg a \\ eddlng next week.

A~ vreau sa fiu din nou celibatar. > I WIsh I were a bachelor agam.

Grice faCl, nu-i da drumul. > Whatever you do, dOll't release hun.

Aceasta poate fi folosita ca dovada. > ThIS can be used as e\ Idence.

Cat de nevinovat parea uciga~ul! > 'low innocent the murderer looked!

E~ti sigur ca hotul se ascunde > Are you sure the thief IS hichng
prin imprejurimi? JIl the sUllOlIlldings')

31
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
, 28

28.1. Pronumele relative compuse aflate la Inceputul propozitiilor relative restrictive pot fi omise
In anumite cazuri. Exemple:

The people (whom) I visited were - Oamenii pe care i-am vizitat au fost
very nice to me. foarte draguti cu mine.

Don't lose the ticket (which) - Nu pierde biletul

he has given to you. pe care ti I-a dat.

Do you like the book (that) - Iti place cartea

you have read? pe care ai citit-o?

28.2. Vorbirea indirecta

28.2.1. Propozitia conditionala

In cazul folosirii vorbirii indirecte In propozitia conditionala de tipul I, timpul

verbulului se schimba conform regulii de concordanta a timpurilor (din timpul prezent
trece la timpul trecut):

Peter said "lfI have time I will go - Peter said that if he had time he would go
to the cinema". to the cinema.

In cazul propozitiei conditionale de tipul II ~i III timpul verbului ramane neschimbat:

John said "IfI were you - John said that if he were me

I would not do it". he would not do it.

Mary said "If I had had the money - Mary said that if she had had the money
earlier I would have paid for the car". earlier she would have paid for the car.

28.2.2. Timpul urmatoarelor expresii se schimba conform regulii de concordanta a timpurilor:

it is time - it was time

I wish - I wished

In schimb in vorbirea indirecta timpul verbului din propozitia secundara, care urmeaza
dupa aceste expresii nu se schimba. De exemplu:

Peter said "I wish I had a house". - Peter said he wished he had a house.

Mary said "It's time I went home". - Mary said it was time she went home.

28.3. Folosirea verbelor auxiliare modale "could" ~i "would":

Could you open the window? - Ai putea deschide geamul?

Would you give me some tea? - Poti sa-mi dai putin ceai?

32
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 28

A Traduceti urmatoarele propozi1ii in limba romana:

I. The man I met then was divorced.

2. I said that if I were a teacher, I would teach English.

3. The bride wished the service were shorter.

4. Could you tell me )fthey are happy?

5. He told me that ifhe had not bought the wedding-rings earlier, he would not have had
money then.

6. I wanted to attend the wedding but I was late for the train.

B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozi1ii in limba engleza:

1. EI presupune ca este timpul sa incepi lucrul.

2. Ai cina cu mine? (E~ti atat de amabil sa cinezi cu mine?)

3. Cine a spus ca daca a~ fi mai tanara, m-ar lua de nevasta?

4. Casa pe care am vazut-o atunci era prea scumpa pentru mine.

5. L-ai putea ruga pe mire sa aduca florile?

6. Ea a spus ca vrea sa fie necasatorita.

C. Corecta1i gre~elile din urmatoarele propozi1ii:

1. The house has just been bought is large.

2. Could they to swear it's true?

3. He said it is time he leaves.

4. She told me that if she divorces her husband she will be happy.

5. Would you opened the window?

33
V()CABVLARUL LECTIILOR
, 27 SI
, 28

to a.'euse (ot) > [tLi aklU:Z] - a acuza, a invinui (de)

agal'1st > [agenst] - impotriva, (in) contra

to al resl > [tLi arest] - a aresta

to attend > [tLi atend] - a fi prezent/de faFi la, a participa

bacl1elol > [bEt~alar] - celibatar

behavi''lur > [blhelvla r] - purtare, comportament

to belil'\ e > [tLi bi!i:v] - a crede (in)

to bewan: (of) > [tublllea'] - a se feri, a se pazi (de)

blacl<mall > [blEkmeiJ] - ~antaj

bride > [braid] - mireasa

brictegroom > [braldgru:m] - mire

brutal > [bru:tl] - brutal, violent

burglCl\ > [ba: rgla'] - spargator

burglary > [ba:'glan] - furt cu spargere

capit~1 punishment > [kEpitl pani~mant] - pedeapsa capitaHi/cu moartea

to commit > [Iu kamit] - a comite

to conft'ss > [Iu kanfes] - a marturisi, a recunoa~te

to convict (of) > [tLi kanvikt] - a condamna, a declara vinovat

(pe cineva)

cnme > [kraim] - infractiune

criminal > [krimml] - criminal

death > [del"] - moarte

death sentence > [del" sentiins] - condamnare la moarte

decent > [di:sant] - decent

divorce > [divo:rs] - divort

to divorce > [tu dlVO:rS] - a divorta

engaged > [mgeidjd] - logodit

enormous > [mo:'mas] - enorm, uria~, colosal

envious (of) > [envlas] - invidios (pe)

evidence > [evldans] - dovada, marturie

fine > [fam] - amenda, penalizare

to find out > [tu fallld aut] - a constata, a descoperi, a afla

34
gentle > [dJentl] bland, ginga~, amabil

God, god > [god] DUlllnezeu, divinitate

guest > [gest] musafir, invitat

guilty > [gilti] - Vlllovat

happy > [hEpi] - fericit

incredible > [inkredibal] - incredibil

innocent > [inasant] - inocent, nevinovat

law > [lo:J - lege

to look > [tu lukJ - a privi, a arata cumva (bIDe l'll

marriage > [mEnd)] - casatorie

to marry > [tu mEnJ - a se casatori, a se insura

murder > [ma:'da'] - crima, omucidere

to murder > [tu mao' da'] - a ucide, a omori

murderer > [ma:'dara'j - criminal, asasin, uciga~

obviously > [obvlaslJ ] - (in mod) evident

outrageous > [autretdJas] - ru~inos, neru~int, imoral

pickpocket > [pikpokit] - hot de buzunare

police > [pali:s] - politie

police-station > [pali:s stel~n] - post sau comisariat de politie

prisoner > [prizana'] - prizonier, detinut

to prosecute > [tu proslklll:t] - a institui/a intenta (un) proces

to punish > [tu pani~] - a pedepsi

relatives > [relati: vz] - ruda, rude

to release > [turili:s] - a elibera, a pune in libertate,

a-i da drumul

relieved > [rili:vd] - u~urat

religious > [rilidjas] - religios

remorse > [rimo:fs] - remu~care, mustrare de con~tiinta

to report > [tu npo:ft] - a raporta, a anunta

to rob > [tu rob] - ajefui, a prada (de), a fura

robbery > [robari] - jaf, furt

sentence > [sentans] - sentinta

to sentence (to) > [tu sentans] - a condamna

35
service > [sa:'vis] - serviciu, ceremonie

shoplifter > [~oplifta'J - hot de magazine

single > [sing!] - necasatorit, celibatar
speeding > [spi.um lg )] - exces de viteza
sufficient > [safi~<lI1t] - suficient, indestuHHor
to swear > [tll sUeaf] - ajura

theft > [T'efl] - furt

thief, thieves > [T'i:fJ[T'i:vz] - hot, hoti

ticket > [tikI!] - bilet, proces verbal

(de contraventie)

violent > [vaialant] - violent

wedding

wedding-day
> [Ucdm(g)]

> [Uedm lg ) dei]

- nunta, cununie

- ziua nuntii
• ~

wedding-ring > [Uedm 1g ) rin 1gl ] - verigheHi

whatever > [Uoteva ' ] - oricare, orice, indiferent de

whichever > [Uit~ev a ' ] - oricare

whoever > [hu:e\ a f] - oncme

36