Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NO.
1
1.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTENT
PAGES
2
2.0 INTRODUCTION
6
7
7 - 11
12 - 23
PROCESS
8
8.0
THE
COMMON
PROBLEM
ENCOUNTERED
BY
THE
24
MAINTENANCE TEAM
9
25 26
27
11
11.0 CONCLUSION
28
12
12.0 REFFERENCES
29
13
13.0 APPENDICES
30
Page 1
1.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Bismillahirahmanirrahim....................
Firstly, we would like to thanks to ALLAH S.W.T because He gave us a good health
and opportunity to finish our group assignment of a Building Services (EMT 257).
Secondly, we would like to express our gratitude to Madam Noraini Binti Johari because
gave us this assignment. Our group assignment topic is about the Sewage treatment Process.
By that, we can improve our knowledge about the basic operation of Building Services in
residential and commercial building such as knowing the use and location of the main and any
others component of sewage treatment plant such as sewage tank and pump. We have got the
information from supervisor and officers from Indah Water Consortium Sdn Bhd, Seri Manjung,
Perak Darul Ridzuan. By that, we can improve our soft skill by communicating with the officer
and person involved. A lot of thanks to Madam Noraini Binti Johari because gave us guidance
and advice along the process of completing the assignment.
Thirdly, thanks to Mr. Joshua as a Officer and Mr. Aidil Azizi Bin Ramli as a supervisor of
Indah Water Consortium Sdn Bhd. for the co-operation and information of related with our
assignment and. From the information given, can helped us to finish our assignment.
Furthermore, thanks to our parents for their financial support to buy all our need. Last but
not least, thanks to all group members for theirs cooperate and support in effort to finish this
assignment. Then, thanks to all people who are involved directly or indirectly while conducting
this task. Your contribution is highly appreciated.
Page 2
2.0 INTRODUCTION
In this assignment, our group is assigned buy our lecturer to get the information and
complete the task about Sewage Treatment Process. The objectives of this assignment are to
enable us to get the knowledge and understanding about the sewage treatment process. We
choose the Indah Water Consortium at Seri Manjung, Perak Darul Ridzuan. The location of
sewage treatment plant that suggest by the officers for our case study is at Taman Bukit
Permata.
From this assignment, we have to know about the process of sewage treatment plant,
the use and location of the main and any others component of sewage treatment plant such as
sewage tank and pump. Besides that, we also know the common problems encountered by the
maintenance team and the side effects of the sewage treatment at the plant to people and to the
environment. We are also have to know the principle use and advantages and disadvantages of
sewage treatment plant.
Page 3
3.0
CASE STUDY
In our task we should find sewage treatment plant related to sewage treatment process.
Our case study is located in Taman Bukit Permata, Seri Manjung. The site namely LOJI
RAWATAN KUMBAHAN LPG 131 : TAMAN BUKIT PERMATA.
Before that, we have made an appointment with the officers of INDAH WATER
CONSORTIUM MANJUNG to do this assignment. The location and address of the office is Loji
Kumbahan Indah Water, Taman Samudera, 32040 Seri Manjung, Perak, Darul Ridzuan. The
officers suggest us to go to sewage treatment plant at Taman Bukit Permata, Seri Manjung.
The type of the sewage treatment plant is Sequencing Bacth Reactor Sewage Treatment
Plant. The sewage treatment plant is for a development residential scheme in Mukim of Lumut,
District of Manjung.
Page 4
Sewage
is
generated
by
residential,
institutional,
commercial
and
industrial
establishments. It includes household waste liquid from toilets, baths, showers, kitchens, sinks
and so forth that is disposed of via sewers. In many areas, sewage also includes liquid waste
from industry and commerce.
Page 5
Page 6
COMPONENT
SCREENING
CORE SRCEEN
FINE SCREEN
PUMP
SEWAGE TREATMENT PROCESS
Page 7
GRIT CHAMBER
Page 8
GREASE CHAMBER
GRIT HOPPER
Page 9
GATE VALVE
Page 10
FLOW METER
to
be
release
to
the
Page 11
INFLUENT
DISINFECTI
ON
FLOW
METER
PRIMARY
SCREEN
BIOLOGICA
L PROCESS
EFFLUENT
SECONDAR
Y SCREEN
GRIT/GREA
SE
REMOVAL
INFLUENT
SEWAGE TREATMENT PROCESS
Page 12
Manhole
STAGE 1: PRIMARY SCREEN
During this stage the sequencing batch reactor tank filled with the influent waste water. Then,
the raw water will go through the screening process to separate the physical materials that
consists in the raw water. For instance, rock, roots, rags, wood and grass. However, only
heavier particles will be removes, while keeping the lighter organic in suspension. The
screening process is done by using the core screen. Another component in primary screen is a
grit hopper. A grit hopper will be located at the bottom for the accumulation of grit. The grinder
will be located at the exit of the grit chamber and will macerate any incoming objects. It will
make the particles become small enough to prevent damage to any downstream pumps or other
mechanical equipment.
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CORE SCREEN
Page 14
GRIT HOOPER
Page 15
In this stage, the smaller particle in waste water will be removes. The screening process is using
fine screen. A frame will be used to enter the pump into the tank. Guide rail is used to hold the
pump in the water to stay below the tank. The distance between rolls of fine screen is closer
because it needs to screen lighter organics that consists in raw water. Then, the grit and grease
that left in the tank will be removes to the other stage.
FINE SCREEN
Page 16
Grit is sand that contain in sewage. Hence, the pump needs to removes all the sands, gravel
and other inorganics that contain in water. It was done by using the grit chamber, the water that
contains the sand will be release from the tank and after all the water was out the sand will be
remain in the provided tank located below the grit tank. While, the grease is the fat and oil that
contains in the waste water. It may come from the shop lot nearby the plant. The grease will be
saving in grease tank. Then, the process to removes grease from the waste water is done by
using grease chamber.
GRIT
Page 17
GREASE TANK
STAGE 4: BIOLOGICAL PROCESS
Page 18
At this stage, the water waste is clean from grit and grease. The treat water was removes to the
biological tank by using gate valve. Then, the process to removes major pollutants will occur.
The major pollutants is BOD and SS. BOD is stand for biological oxygen demand and SS refer
to suspended solids. The temperature of oxygen in biological tank must be in good condition. It
is to avoid the existing of bacteria. Biological tank must be deep.
BIOLOGICAL TANK
purpose of aeration. It was removes by using air refuse. Only one tank will be aeration at
Page 19
one time, while the other one tank will be settled. The duration for aeration process is 2
hours.
Aeration Process
STAGE 5: DISINFECTION
Page 20
After all the aeration process was done, the water will go to the pump provided and the clear
water only will be in the disinfection place. While, the water that not clear enough will be save at
the different tank to be clear again. Disinfection process is to put the chlorine in the clear water.
The dose of chlorine used must be measured and in right dose. It is to prevent the water
become contaminated and also to take care the quality of the water. The chlorine is used to kill
all the bacteria that life in water. The arrangement of the disinfection tank is not equal because
to make sure the water will get enough chlorine when it passes the row.
Page 21
Page 22
EFFLUENT
The water will be release to the river nearby trough underground drainage system.
Page 23
The size of sewage treatment plant is based on the number of residents within that area.
If the number of house that needs to be connected with plant is high, hence Indah Water
Consortium has to provide a big plant at that area. The maintenance work occurs in every types
of plant.
For our case study, the maintenance team has to make the maintenance work at least
two times per month. There are a several common problem that have to be face by the
maintenance team. First is the grease from shop lot nearby. The grease from shop lot will
blocked the process of plant and the worst is, it may make the pump become stuck. Other than
that, the pumps become stuck because of solid waste like sanitary pads that have been flush
down through the toilet. Instead of that the maintenance team has to make a lot of work to settle
that problem.
Second problem is gas of hydrogen sulphate from the plant which is in manhole. The
gas may make our nervous system damage. When the workers do the maintenance works, the
workers are not allowed to enter the manhole alone it is because they may expose to the gas in
the manhole. If they smell the gas and not exit the manhole they will collapse. Moreover, if they
did not get the help they will die in second. This condition can be a big threat to the
maintenance team of Indah Water Consortium.
Third, the other problem in our case study plant is the manhole cover being stolen by
theft. This problem occurs because the cover was made by metal, the theft will sell it as the
scrap metal. Indah Water Consortium has to cover the cost to buy the cover of manhole that has
been stole. Consequently, the cost is not cheap. Furthermore, without the cover it will give the
danger to the public or maintenance workers because they could fall into the manhole.
Lastly, the maintenance team also disposed to unpleasant sights and smells. The smell
may come from the treatment process. Hence, they must take initiative precautions to protect
their nose and eyes. Moreover, the maintenance team also has to work in all different weather
conditions such as in rain day or in extreme hot day.
Page 24
Page 25
Page 26
DISADVANTAGES
-A higher level of sophistication is required
(compared
to
conventional
systems),
and controls.
-Can handle large fluctuations in flow and
influent quality.
hourly.
the
aeration
system
used
by the
manufacturer.
- It is a simple method of treatment and also
treatment methods.
equipment).
processes.
11.0 CONCLUSION
Page 27
As the conclusion, our group get a few information and understands about the process
of sewage treatment plant. We also get the opportunity to visit the sewage treatment plant with
the supervisor. The type of plant that we visit is the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) Plant that
did not have an Oxidation Ponds and Clarifiers at the plant. By that, we know about the process
involved in the plant from the beginning until the end of the process of sewage.
Furthermore, we also know the common problem encountered in the sewage treatment
plant and the side effect of the process to the people and the environment. So, the sewage and
waste water have to be treating properly to remove the pollutant that cause a danger to human
health and natural environment. The effluent from the sewage treatment plant must achieve the
standard of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Suspended Sludge (SS).
Page 28
12.0 REFERRENCES
- Interview
The officer of INDAH WATER CONSORTIUM MANJUNG
- Mr. Joshua
The supervisor of INDAH WATER CONSORTIUM MANJUNG
-
Lecturer
- Madam Noraini Binti Johari
-Internet
http://www.iwk.com.my/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewage_treatment
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequencing_batch_reactor
http://www.scribd.com/doc/18036053/Kaedah-Pelupusan-Sisa-Kumbahan-Sistemhttp://www.rpi.edu/dept/chem-eng/Biotech-Environ/Environmental/Steps/EnvSysSBR.html
http://inspectapedia.com/septic/Sequencing_Batch_Septic.htm
http://water.me.vccs.edu/courses/env110/lesson12.htm
http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Advantages-Of-Using-Sequential-Batch-Reactor-For-WastewaterTreatment&id=5582761
Page 29
13.0 APPENDICES
Page 30
Page 31