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WATERQUALITY
WaterandHealth
WeareAmerica'sleading
supplierofhighquality
drinkingwatersystemsand
informationsource.
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WaterQuality
14
WaterCanHeal
ContaminantsFacts
AirandHealth
SearchLibrary
TheTRUTHAboutAmerica'sWater
DoYouNeedSoftenedWaterforYourHome?
Drugs&PharmaceuticalsinTapWater
WaterPollutantsthatCauseIllness
WaterFiltrationorPurificationKeyDifferences
WaterpHValuesExplained
AreMineralsinWaterImportantforHealth?
Whydoweneedtoremovechlorinefromourwholehouse?
TruthaboutAlkaline/AcidicDrinkingWater
Top5DrinkingWaterContaminants
WhereDoesOurDrinkingWaterComeFrom?
Watersofteningvswaterfiltration
DoINeedaWholeHouseWaterFilter?
Top5HardWaterProblemsforHomeowners
ReverseOsmosisHealthyWaterSystems
SeeAlso
DifferentWaterFiltrationMethodsExplained
(Continued)
WaterPurificationvsBasic
Filtration
1|2|3
CarbonAdsorption
Carbonabsorptionisawidelyusedmethodofhomewaterfiltertreatmentbecauseofits
abilitytoimprovewaterbyremovingdisagreeabletastesandodors,including
objectionablechlorine.Activatedcarboneffectivelyremovesmanychemicalsandgases,
andinsomecasesitcanbeeffectiveagainstmicroorganisms.However,generallyitwill
TruthAboutCountertop
WaterFilters
TruthAboutWaterQuality
intheUSA
Top20HarmfulWater
Contaminants
notaffecttotaldissolvedsolids,hardness,orheavymetals.Onlyafewcarbonfilter
ReverseOsmosisFiltration
systemshavebeencertifiedfortheremovaloflead,asbestos,cysts,andcoliform.There
Technology
aretwotypesofcarbonfiltersystems,eachwithadvantagesanddisadvantages:granular
activatedcarbon,andsolidblockcarbon.Thesetwomethodscanalsoworkalongwitha
reverseosmosissystem,whichcanbereadaboutbelow.
Activatedcarboniscreatedfromavarietyofcarbonbasedmaterialsinahightemperatureprocessthatcreatesamatrixof
millionsofmicroscopicporesandcrevices.Onepoundofactivatedcarbonprovidesanywherefrom60to150acresofsurfacearea.
Theporestrapmicroscopicparticlesandlargeorganicmolecules,whiletheactivatedsurfaceareasclingto,oradsorb,smallorganic
molecules.
Theabilityofanactivatedcarbonfiltertoremovecertainmicroorganismsandcertainorganicchemicals,especiallypesticides,
THMs(thechlorinebyproduct),trichloroethylene(TCE),andPCBs,dependsuponseveralfactors,suchasthetypeofcarbonand
theamountused,thedesignofthefilterandtherateofwaterflow,howlongthefilterhasbeeninuse,andthetypesof
impuritiesthefilterhaspreviouslyremoved.
Thecarbonadsorptionprocessiscontrolledbythe
diameteroftheporesinthecarbonfilterandbythe
diffusionrateoforganicmoleculesthroughthepores.
Therateofadsorptionisafunctionofthemolecular
weightandthemolecularsizeoftheorganics.Certain
granularcarbonseffectivelyremovechloramines.
Carbonalsoremovesfreechlorineandprotectsother
purificationmediainthesystemthatmaybesensitive
toanoxidantsuchaschlorine.
Carbonisusuallyusedincombinationwithother
treatmentprocesses.Theplacementofcarbonin
relationtoothercomponentsisanimportantconsiderationinthedesignofawaterpurificationsystem.
AtAPEC,westriveto
providethebestdrinking
Table3.CarbonAdsorption
wateravailabletoeveryone.
Advantages
Evenifitmeansofferinga
freesystemtothosein
Removesdissolvedorganicsand
chlorineeffectively.
Longlife(highcapacity).
need.
Clickheretolearnmore
aboutourFreeDrinking
WaterDonationProgram.
Disadvantages
Cangeneratecarbonfines.
MicroporousBasicFiltration
Therearethreetypesofmicroporousfiltration:depth,screenandsurface.Depthfiltersaremattedfibersormaterialscompressed
toformamatrixthatretainsparticlesbyrandomadsorptionorentrapment.Screenfiltersareinherentlyuniformstructures
which,likeasieve,retainallparticleslargerthanthepreciselycontrolledporesizeontheirsurface.Surfacefiltersaremadefrom
multiplelayersofmedia.Whenfluidpassesthroughthefilter,particleslargerthanthespaceswithinthefiltermatrixareretained,
accumulatingprimarilyonthesurfaceofthefilter.
Thedistinctionbetweenfiltersisimportantbecausethethreeserveverydifferentfunctions.Depthfiltersareusuallyusedas
prefiltersbecausetheyareaneconomicalwaytoremove98%ofsuspendedsolidsandprotectelementsdownstreamfromfouling
orclogging.
Ultrafiltersareavailableinseveralselectiveranges.Inallcases,themembraneswillretainmost,butnotnecessarilyall,molecules
abovetheirratedsize
Table5.Ultrafiltration
Advantages
Effectivelyremovesmost
particles,pyrogens,
microorganisms,andcolloids
abovetheirratedsize.
Produceshighestqualitywaterfor
leastamountofenergy.
Regenerable.
Disadvantages
Willnotremovedissolved
inorganics.
1|2|3
Morerelatedtopics:
Top20HarmfulWaterContaminants
TruthAboutCountertopWaterFilters
ReverseOsmosisFiltrationTechnology
WaterPurificationvsBasicFiltration
TruthAboutWaterQualityintheUSA
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