F-2,Block, Amity Campus

Sec-125, Nodia (UP)

India 201303

ASSIGNMENTS
PROGRAM:
SEMESTER-I
SEMESTER-I
Subject Name
: Research Methods and Report Preparations
Study COUNTRY
: Mozambique
Permanent Enrollment Number (PEN): A400020141243
Roll Number
: IB01272014-2016033
Student Name
: MARCIANO DA PIEDADE ISAQUE ALEXANDRE OMBE
INSTRUCTIONS
a) Students are required to submit all three assignment sets.
ASSIGNMENT
Assignment A
Assignment B
Assignment C

DETAILS
Five Subjective Questions
Three Subjective Questions + Case Study
40 Objective Questions

MARKS
10
10
10

b)
c)
d)
e)

Total weightage given to these assignments is 30%. OR 30 Marks

All assignments are to be completed as typed in word/pdf.
All questions are required to be attempted.
All the three assignments are to be completed by due dates (specified
from time to time) and need to be submitted for evaluation by Amity
University.
f) The evaluated assignment marks will be made available within six
weeks. Thereafter, these will be destroyed at the end of each semester.
g) The students have to attached a scan signature in the form.
Signature
Date

:
:

_ ________________________________
___________29/01/2015______________________

( ) Tick mark in front of the assignments submitted

Assignment A
Assignment B
Assignment C

Research Methods and Report Preparations

Assignment I
Q1. Explain Non Probability sampling methods. Give one example of each.
Answer:
There are a variety of different sampling methods available to researchers to select
individuals for a study. Sampling method fall into two categories:

Probability sampling: Every individual in the population is known and each has a certain
probability of being selected. A random process decides the sample based on each
individuals probability.
Nonprobability sampling:

The population is not entirely known, thus individual

probabilities cannot be known. Common sense or ease is used to choose the sample,
but efforts are made to avoid bias and keep the sample representative.

In the Probability sampling is observed the Simple Random method that consists in a list
containing all of the population created and used to obtain participants by random
selection. The random selection guarantees that each individual has an independent
and equal chance of being selected. This method is very fair, unbiased and easy to carry
out. However, with simple random sampling there is no assurance of complete
representativeness of the sample. Another example of simple random sampling is
Cluster Sampling. This is when the sample is gained by the random selection of clusters
(pre-existing groups of individuals) from a list containing all of the clusters existing
within a population. Cluster sampling is often used to estimate number of mortalities in
events such as war and natural disaster.

In another hand, there is nonprofitability samplings as Convenience Sampling that is

sample made up of individual participants who are easy to get. The method is easy to
carry out, but one large disadvantage is that the sample is likely to be biased. Beside the
Convenience Sampling there is the Quota Sampling that consists in the identification of
subgroups and participants are selected through convenience from each different
subgroup. For example, say a researcher wanted to select a sample of students to
participate in a study using a convenience sample but wanted to ensure that an equal
number of boys and girls were selected quota sampling would be the best method for
them to use. This type of sampling can help to control a convenience sample but may
results in a biased sample, which would not be a good representative of the wider
population.
Q2. Give the type of Scale, the following belongs to

1. Temperature measured on Kelvin scale - Interval Scale

2. Military Ranks - Ordinal Scale
3. Social Security Number - Nominal Scale
4. Number of passengers on busses from Delhi to Mumbai Ratio Scale
5. Amount of Money collected - Nominal Scale
6. Dimensions of a plot of land Ratio Scale
Q3.What are the methods of collecting primary data? Compare and contrast
them.
Data Collection Methods
Documents
Historical

Literature Review

Meta-analyses

Diaries

Content Analysis

Secondary Data

Observations

Examples
These methods identify trends in leisure
research and practice. Participants keep
diaries and journals researcher conducts
content analyses studies, reports and
diaries.

How people behave and interact in public

Interpretive

Ethnographic

Participant observe

Case Study

Survey
Questionnaire

Interview

Standardized Scales/Instruments

Experimental
True designs

Quasi designs

Other field methods

Nominal Group Technique

Delphi

Multimethods Aproach
Combination of two or more methods

open spaces. Observe systematically,

become a participant observer.

To learn what people think about leisure

motivation. To identify relationships
between motivation and satisfaction. Use
interviews, surveys and standardized
scales
Obtain information under controlled
conditions about leisure attitudes and
experience with virtual reality. Subjects
may be randomly assigned to various tests
and experiences then assessed via
observation or standardized scale
To identify trends and issues about leisure
services, management and delivery
systems. Focus Group systems. Various
group, question and pencil paper exercises
are used by facilitators
Interviews, journals and quantitative
measures are combined to provide a more
accurate definition and operationalization
of the concept.

Q4. Discuss the relative merits & demerits of cumulative scales.

Answer:

Cumulatives scales are related with a set of items or statements so that a respondent
who agrees with any specific question in the list will also agree with all previous
questions. In another words it measures to what degree a person has a positive or
negative attitude to something
The Merits of cumulative scales results are determined by answers of the actor that is
responding

Demerits of Cumulative Scaling include, the main difficulty in using the scaling technique
is that in practice perfect cumulative or unidirectional scales
Q5. Why tabulation is considered essential in research study.
Answer

The tabulation is considered essential in Research study because it helps to get

information and advance knowledge in relation to existing facts. The table design
simplifies the reading rand identification of important information to research.

Assignment II
Q1. A researcher approaches five golf players for a survey and asks each
of them for further references to complete the sample.
Explain this technique of sampling and give another application of the
same. Compare it with three other kinds of sampling techniques.
Answer:

This technique of sampling is called Snowball Sampling.

It is that samples in which the selection of additional respondents (after the first small
group of respondents is selected) is based upon referrals from the initial set of
respondents.

It is used to sample low incidence or rare populations

It is done for the efficiency of finding the additional, hard to-find members of the
sample

A. Convenience Samples
These types of samples are used primarily for reasons of convenience.
It is used for exploratory research and speedy situations. It is often used for new
product formulations or to provide gross-sensory evaluations by using employees,

students, peers, etc. Convenience sampling is extensively used in marketing studies and
otherwise.

B. Judgment Samples
It is that sample in which the selection criteria are based upon your (researchers)
personal judgment that the members of the sample are representative of the
population under study.

It is used for most test markets and many product tests conducted in shopping malls. If
personal biases are avoided, then the relevant experience and the acquaintance of the
investigator with the population may help to choose a relatively representative sample
from the population. It is not possible to make an estimate of sampling error as we
cannot determine how precise our sample estimates are.

C. Quota Samples
This is a very commonly used sampling method in marketing research studies. Here the
sample is selected on the basis of certain basic parameters such as age, sex, income and
occupation that describe the nature a population so as to make of it representative of
the population.

Q2. A packaging device is set to fill detergent powder packets with a mean
weight of 5 kg. The standard deviation is known to be 0.01 kg. These are
known to drift upwards over a period of time due to machine fault, which is
not tolerable. A random sample of 100 packets is taken and weighed. This
sample has a mean weight of 5.03 kg and a standard deviation of 0.21 kg.
Can you conclude that the mean weight produced by the machine has
increased? Use a 5% level of significance?
Answer:
Mean weight of packages, X1 = 5kg
SD1 = 0.01kg
Sample size, N= 100
Sample mean weight, X2 = 5.03kg
SD2 = 0.21kg
Using 95% confidence level

Z = (mean1 - mean2)/standard error (SE) of difference between means

Z = 1.96
1.96 = [(X-X2)/SD1]/sqrt N
1.96 = [(X-5.03)/0.01]/sqrt (100)
Mean Weight X = 5.226k

Q.3 The specimen of copper wires drawn form a large lot have the following
breaking strength (in kg. weight):
578, 572, 570, 568, 572, 578, 570, 572, 596, 544
Test (using Students t-statistic) whether the mean breaking strength of the lot
may be taken to be 578 kg. Weight (Test at 5 per cent level of significance).
Verify the inference so drawn by using Sandlers A-statistic as well.
Answer:
Taking the null hypotheses that the population mean is equal to hypothesized
mean of 578 kg., we call write:
H0: = H0 = 578 kg.
Ha: H0
As the sample size is small (since n = 10) and the population standard deviation is
not known, we shall use t-test assuming normal population and shall work out
the test statistic t as under:
t=X - H0
s/n
To find

S.No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

and s we make the following computations:

Xi
578
572
570
568
572
578
570
572
596

(Xi X)
6
0
-2
-4
0
6
-2
0
24

(Xi X)2
36
0
4
16
0
36
4
0
576

10
n =10

544
Xi =5720

-28

784
(Xi - X) = 1456
2

X = Xi = 5720 = 572 kg.

N

And
s = (Xi - X)2

Hence,

1456
n-1

10

= 12.72

kg.
10 - 1

t= 572 578 = -1.488

12.72/10

Degree of freedom = (n-1) = (10 1) = 9

As Ha is two sided, we shall determine the rejection region applying two-tailed
test at 5 percent level of significant, and it comes to as under, using table of tdistribution for 9 d.f.:
R: |t|>2.262
As the observed value of t (i.e., - 1.488) is in the acceptance region, we accept H0
at 5 percent level and conclude that the mean breaking strength of copper wires
lot may be taken as 578 kg. Weight.
The same inference can be drawn using Sandlers A-statistic as shown below:
Computation for A- Statistic
S.No.

Xi

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

578
572
570
568
572
578
570
572
596
544

Hypothesized
mean
578
578
578
578
578
578
578
578
578
578

Di (Xi - H0)

Di2

0
-6
-8
-10
-6
0
-8
-6
18
-34

0
36
64
100
36
0
64
36
324
1156

n =10

Di= -60

Di2 = 1816

A= Di2/ (Di2) = 1816/ (-60)2 = 0.5044

Null hypothesis

H0: = H0 = 578 kg.

Alternate hypothesis

Ha: H0 578 kg.

As Ha is two-sided, the critical value of A-statistic from the A-statistic table (Table
No. 10 given in appendix at the end of the book) for (n-1) i.e., 10-1=9 d.f. at 5%
level is 0.276. Computed value of A (0.5044), being greater than 0.276 shows that
A-statistic is insignificant in the given case and accordingly we accept H0 and
conclude that the mean breaking strength of copper wire lot may be taken as
578 kg. Weight. Thus, the inference on the basis of t-statistic stands verified by Astatistic.

Q4. Design a questionnaire to study the impulse buying behavior of

consumers in a grocery store.

Name

Age

Occupation
Gender: Male

Female

According to you which of these factors affect your impulse buying behavior for fmcg products.
A PRICE AND DISCOUNT
i.Attractive price of product affects my impulse buying behavior
ii.Discount offers regarding product attracts me
iii.Various schemes like (buy 1 get 1 free) affects my buying behavior
positively.
iv.Availability of discounted products motivates me
to buy.
B ADVERTISEMENT AND SALES PROMOTION
i.Advertisement of product in print and visual media attractsme to
buy
ii.Various promotional activities regarding product motivatesto buy the
products
iii.Hording and pamphlets of product help me in impulse buying.
iv.Any event organized by organization affects my buying behavior.
C VISUAL MERCHANDISING
i.Display of product in store attracts my attention
ii. Packaging of product attracts me to by the
products.
iii.Placing of product in store gains my attention
towards it.
iv.Compatibility of another product with the product you
are buying
D EMOTIONAL ATTACHMENT
i.Emotional attachment with product is a motivational factor to
buy product
ii.Behavior of sales person affects my buying
behavior.
iii.Popularity of product increases recall value and helps inimpulse
buying.
iv.Changing trend in society is a major factor in
impulseBuying.
E COMPANY
i.The person with whom you are going for shoppinginfluences my buying
behavior.
ii.Comments of reference group influence my buying behavior.
iii.Kind of product which i am buying

Q5. Two hundred randomly selected adults were asked whether TV shows
are primarily entertaining, educational or a waste of time (only one answer
could be chosen). The respondents were categorized by gender. Their
responses are given in the following table:

Answer:

OBSERVED FREQUENCIES
Gender

Entertaining

Educational

Waste of Time

Total

Female

52

28

30

110

Male

28

12

50

90

Total

80

40

80

200

EXPECTED FREQUENCIES
Gender

Entertaining

Educational

Waste of Time

Total

Female

44

22

44

110

Male

36

18

36

90

Total

80

40

80

200

2 = (OE)2
E

2 = (5244)2 + (2822)2 + (3044)2 + (2836)2 + (1218)2 + (5036)2

44

22

44

36

18

36

= 16.768
Decision: Using 5% as the significance level i.e. a = 0.05 for v= 1x2 = 2 degrees of
freedom, the table value for 2 = 5.991.
Since the calculated value of 2 = 16.768 are greater than the table value, then we
reject the Null Hypothesis H0:

Therefore there is a relationship between Gender and the Opinion in the population of
interest.

Case Study
A major television company of India was incorporated in 1963 and in 2000 its
business areas included consumer electronics, telecommunications, consumer
durables, professional and medical products, power and components covering
over 230 products and services. In the FY 2000 its market capitalization was a
respectable Rs. 5955 million and the turnover for the group stood at Rs.
20146.68 million. Till then, the company was showing over 4.5 per cent
improvement over the previous years. However, in the subsequent years, its
performance started degrading in the wake of active competition. The company
was particularly worried about its declining market share of the Television
market. They decided to conduct a research to tackle the situation.
In light of the above case answer the following:
a. Define the Research Problem.

The market share of the Television market had started declining. Is necessary to know
the circumstances of the phenomenon and understand if it is related with the the
products offered by competitors.

b. Formulate the associate hypothesis.

The price of products offered by the corporation is behind the market share decline.
c. What type of research should be conducted by the management to
come up with a decision? Justify your answer.

Market research should be conducted using the Method of descriptive research to

answers questions of who, what, where, when and how which can be used in decision
making by management.
The descriptive research is factual, accurate and systematic which would allow the
management to make valid conclusions.

Market research deals specifically with the gathering of information about a market's
size and trends. it covers a wider range of activities. And can be applied to a variety of
marketing problems collection process, analyzes the results, and communicates the
findings and their implications. It involves the following:
1. Define the Define the problem
2. Determine research design
3. Identify data types and sources
4. Design data collection forms and questionnaires
5. Determine sample plan and size
6. Collect the data
7. Analyze and interpret the data
8. Prepare the research report

d. Use chi-square test to help the company understand and interpret the
relationship between the dependent and independent variable. (Critical
Value of Chi Square at 1% level of significance for 4 degrees of
freedom = 13.3)

S. No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Profession
SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSBB
Brand Purchased
XYZXZYZXYYZXZXXZZZZZYYYX
S. No.
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46
Profession
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBPP
Brand Purchased
XYXXZXZXZXZYYYYYXZZXYY
S. No.
47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66
Profession
PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP
Brand Purchased
Y X X X Y X X X Y Y Y Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z (Note- S: Service; B: Business; P: Professional)

S. No.
Profession
Brand
Purchased

1
S
X

2
S
Y

3
S
Z

S. No.
Profession
Brand
Purchased

25
B
X

26
B
Y

27
B
X

S. No.
Profession
Brand
Purchased

47
P
Y

48
P
X

49
P
X

4
S
X

5
S
Z

6
S
Y

7
S
Z

8
S
X

9
S
Y

10
S
Y

11
S
Z

12
S
X

13
S
Z

14
S
X

15
S
X

16
S
Z

28
B
X

29
B
Z

30
B
X

31
B
Z

32
B
X

33
B
Z

34
B
X

35
B
Z

36
B
Y

37
B
Y

38
B
Y

39
B
Y

40
B
Y

41
B
X

42
B
Z

43
B
Z

44
B
X

50
P
X

51
P
Y

52
P
X

53
P
X

54
P
X

55
P
Y

56
P
Y

57
P
Y

58
P
Z

59
P
Z

60
P
Z

61
P
Z

62
P
Z

63
P
Z

64
P
Z

65
P
Z

66
P
Z

(Note- S: Service; B: Business; P: Professional)

17
S
Z

18
S
Z

19
S
Z

20
S
Z

21
S
Y

22
S
Y

45
P
Y

23
B
Y

46
P
Y

24
B
X

Assignment III
Multiple Choice Questions
( Note: from Q20 - Q29 , calculate value of z,t or x2 as required)

1. In which scale objective evidence is missing that such scales measure the concepts for
which they have been developed. We have to rely on researchers insight and
competence.
a) Likert Scale
b) Interval Scale
c) Arbitrary Scale
d) Nominal Scale

2. In which scale the statements are related to one another in a way that if you have a
favorable response for an item you should also have a favourable reply for the previous
items.
a) Cumulative Scale
b) Ordinal Scale
c) Arbitrary Scale
d) Interval Scale

3. Likert scales are treated as yielding interval data by a majority of marketing

researchers
a) True
b) False

4. The overall score of which type of scale represents the respondents position on the
continuum of favourable-unfavourableness towards an issue?
a) Arbitrary Scales
b) Likert Scales

c) Cumulative Scales
d) Ordinal Scales

5. A Descriptive Research may not contain one of the following attribute:

a. Rigid and Focus
b. Biased but flexible
c. Reliable and economical
d. Careful planning

6. Which study or survey leads to monitor behavior?

a. Cross-sectional Studies
b. Causal Research
c. Experience survey
d. Longitudinal Studies

7. Among the following, which does not qualify to the qualities of a good research?
a) Good research is logical
b) Good research is empirical
c) Good research is non-replicable
d) Good research is systematic

8. Main text of the report should haveIntroduction, Summary of Findings, Conclusions

and ____________________. Fill in the space with an appropriate answer:
a) Appendices
b) Recommendations
c) Bibliography
d) Graphs and charts

9. Which does not form the objective of Research?

a) To achieve new insights
b) To formulate causal relationship between variables

c) To loose familiarity with a phenomenon

d) To test hypothesis for conclusion

10. Which statement, out of the following, doesnt cater to the Research Ethics?
a) Concern for the integrity of the work
b) Define individual moral principles
c) Plagiarism
d) Work community with moral standards

Q11. The monthly income of 10 employees working in a firm is as follows:

4487, 4493, 4502, 4446, 4475, 4492, 4572, 4516, 4468, 4489
Find the average monthly income.
a) 4494
b) 4495
c) 4496
d) 4497

Q12. Weekly rent No. of persons paying rent

200-400 6
400-600 9
600-800 11
800-1000 14
1000-1200 20
1200-1400 15
1400-1600 10
1600-1800 8
1800-2000 7
For the following frequency calculate mean:
a) 1000
b) 1010
c) 1100

d) 1001

Q13. From the following data of wages of 7 workers, compute the median wage:
4600, 4650, 4580, 4690, 4660, 4606, 4640
a) 4640
b) 4644
c) 4645
d) 4643

Q14. When one variable determines values of other variables, _______research design
is used.
a) Causal
b) Exploratory
c) descriptive

Q15. Size of shoes: 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

No. of persons: 10 20 25 40 22 15 6
Calculate the Mode from the following information.
a) 11
b) 5
c) 7
d) 8

Q16. The following figures relate to the preferences with regard to size of screen of T.V
sets of 30 persons selected at random from a locality. Find the modal size of the T.V
screen. 12 20 12 24 29
20 12 20 29 24
24 20 12 20 24
29 24 24 20 24
24 20 24 24 12
24 20 29 24 24

a) 20
b) 24
c) 12
d) 29

Q17. The _______ level of measurement describes variables that can be ordered or
ranked in some order of importance.
a) ordinal
b) nominal
c) ratio
d) interval

Q18. Find the Standard Deviation from the weekly wages of ten workers working in a
factory:
Workers Weekly
A 1320
B 1310
C 1315
D 1322
E 1326
F 1340
G 1325
H 1321
I 1320
J 1331
a) 7.89
b) 6.81
c) 7.52
d) 7.25

Q19. An analysis of production rejects resulted in the following figures:

No. of rejects per operators No. of operators

21-25 5
26-30 15
31-35 28
36-40 42
41-45 15
46-50 12
51-55 3
Calculate Standard Deviation.
a) 7.4
b) 7
c) 6.8
d) 6.37

Q20. The mean lifetime of a 100 light tubes produced by a company is found to be 1,580
hours with standard deviation of 90 hours. Test the Hypothesis that the mean lifetime of
the tubes produced by the company is 1600 hours. (calculate)
a) 2.6
b) -2.22
c) -2.8
d) 2.9

Q21. In 600 throws of six-faced die, odd points appeared 360 times. Would you say that
the die is fair at 5 % level of significance? (calculate)
a) 3.9
b) 5.5
c) 5.9
d) 4.9

Q22 A sample of 400 managers is found to be a mean height of 171.38cms. Can it be

regarded as a sample from a large population of mean height 171.17 cms and standard
deviation of 3.30 cms? (calculate)
a) 1.9
b) 2.3
c) 2.5
d) 1.3

Q23. Ten oil tins are taken at random from an automatic filling machine. The mean
weight of the tins is 15.8 Kg and standard deviation is 0.50kg. Does the sample mean
differ significantly from the intended weight of 16 kg? (calculate)
a) 1.46
b) -1.81
c) -1.26
d) -2.0

Q24. Price of share of a company on the different days in a month was found to be:
60, 65, 69, 70, 69, 71, 70, 63, 64 and 68
Test whether the mean price of the shares in month is 65. Calculate t?
a) 2.81
b) 3.04
c) 2.48
d) 3.08

Q25. A sample of 200 persons with a particular disease was selected. Out of these, 100
were given a drug and the others were not given any drug. The results are as follows:
Number of Persons
Drug No Drug Total
Cured 65 55 120
Not cured 35 45 80

Total 100 100 200

Test, whether the drug is effective or not.
Find the value of Chi- Square at 5% level of significance.
a) 2.9
b) 2.084
c) 3.015
d) 1.649

Q26. A certain drug is claimed to be effective in curing cold. In an experiment on 500

persons with cold, half of them were given the drug and half of them were given the
sugar pills. The patients reactions to the treatment are recorded in the following table:
Helped Harmed No effect Total
Drug 150 30 70 250
Sugar pills 130 40 80 250
Total 280 70 150 500
On the basis of this data, can it be concluded that there is a significant difference in the
effect of the drug and sugar pills?
Find the value of Chi- Square at 5% level of significance.
a) 4.5
b) 4.0
c) 5.1
d) 3.5

Q27. The number of parts for a particular spare part in a factory was found to vary from
day to day. In a sample study, the following information was obtained:
Days: Mon. Tues. Wed. Thurs. Fri. Sat. total
No. of Parts: 1124 1125 1110 1120 1126 1115 6720
Demanded
Test the Hypothesis that the number of parts demanded does depend on the day of the
week. At 5% level of significance.
a) 0.115

b) 0.121
c) 0.125
d) 0.179

Q28. A survey of 320 families with 5 children n each, revealed the following distribution:
No. of boys: 5 4 3 2 1 0
No. of girls: 0 1 2 3 4 5
No. of families: 14 56 110 88 40 12
Find the value of Chi- Square at 5% level of significance.
a) 11.7
b) 12.1
c) 7.16
d) 12.5

Q29. The figures given below are (a) the theoretical frequencies of a distribution and (b)
the frequencies of the distribution having the same mean, standard deviation and total
frequency as in (a):
(a) 1 12 66 220 495 729 924 792 495 220 66 12 1
(b) 2 15 66 210 484 799 943 799 484 210 66 15 2
Do you think that the normal distribution provides a good fit to the data?
Calculate Chi- Square with 5 % level of significance.
a) 3.839
b) 1.464
c) 2.149
d) 1.670

Q30. Exploratory research is used in Convenience Sampling.

a) True
b) False

Q31. The sampling in which the selection of additional respondents (after the first small
group of respondents is selected) is based upon referrals from the initial set of
respondents is called?
a) Convenience Sampling
b) Judgment Sampling
c) Quota Sampling
d) Snowball Sampling

Q32. Sample on the basis of which certain basic parameters such as age, sex, income
and occupation that describe the nature a population so as to make it representative of
the population:
a) Convenience Sampling
b) Judgment Sampling
c) Quota Sampling
d) Snowball Sampling

Q33. In Simple Random Sampling the probability of selecting a specified unit of

population at any given draw is equal to the probability of its being selected at the first
draw.
a) True
b) False

Q34. In Lottery Method selecting a simple random sample is dependent on the

properties of population.
a) True
b) False

Q35. It is impossible to have knowledge about each and every unit of population if
population happens to be very large. This encourages the use of simple random sample.
a) True
b) False

Q36.In which type of sampling the variance of the sample estimate of the population is
inversely proportional to the sample size, and directly proportional to the variability of
the sampling units in the population:
a) Systematic Sampling
b) Lottery Sampling
c) Stratified Sampling
d) Multistage Sampling

Q37. Which type of sampling over-rules the possibility of any essential group of the
population being completely excluded in the sample. It thus provides a more
representative cross section of the population and is frequently regarded as the most
efficient system of sampling.
a) Convenience Sampling
b) Judgment Sampling
c) Snowball Sampling
d) Stratified Sampling

Q38. In which type of sampling you have the complete and up-to-date list of sampling
units is available you can also employ a common technique of selection of sample.
a) Systematic Sampling
b) Lottery Sampling
c) Stratified Sampling
d) Multistage Sampling

Q39. In which type of sampling we regard population as a number of primary units each
of which is further composed of secondary stage units and so on, till we ultimately reach
a stage where desired sampling units are obtained.
a) Systematic Sampling
b) Lottery Sampling
c) Stratified Sampling

d) Multistage Sampling

Q40. The order for writing the name of books in Bibliography of your research report:
a. name of author( last name first), title, publisher, number of volumes
b. number of volumes, name of author( last name first), publisher, title
c. title, name of author( last name first), publisher, number of volumes
d. publisher, title, name of author( last name first), number of volumes
1.