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"
Infinite bus
(1)
(2)
Where
(3)
(4)
(6)
= !
(7)
Then
Where,
Page | 102
8
B
8
BC
3 =
1
= ,2E -34
E
+ 3
(17)
(18)
3 /
0
(19)
=
=
%
&'
%
* +
%
$ )
(9)
+ -. . / 0
(10)
,2 -34
*1
+3
3/
+ -. . /
5 6
$ =
Where
. 3
. 3 sin #I
(. + . )3
-. + . /3
3
.
2@ =
3
. +.
-. . /
I "
cos #I
(8)
(
,
2@ =
(11)
(12)
(13)
Where,
# =Rotor angle.
$ = Slip speed.
and
= Mechanical
and
Electrical torques respectively.
= Damping coefficient.
$ =
8
&'
= 2% 8# + 2& 8
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$ )
(14)
(15)
(16)
III.
POWER SYSTEM STABILITY
Power system stability is a property that enable it to
operate in its equilibrium state under normal operating
condition and regain its normal state of equilibrium when
disturbance occurs.
Page | 103
Output
Regulator
Exciter
NO(PQRR)
Generator
B.(STUU)
=
BC
Power System
Stabilizer
%
*O
.V(STUU)
(20)
B.V(STUU) 1
1
+ .V(STUU) .(STUU)
BC
&
&
&
(21)
B3 (STUU)
1
1
M B.(STUU)
=
+ .(STUU) 3 (STUU)
BC
BC
A
A
A
(22)
Figure 6 and Figure 7 show the Simulink model for
Generic-PSS and SMIB system connected with GPSS
respectively.
%
Page | 104
VI.
SIMULATION RESULTS
The performance of proposed algorithms has been studied
by means of MATLAB simulation.
Plant
I
Input
Output
Error
-3
1.5
x 10
Feedback
0.5
Rotar Angle
-0.5
( )
(23)
-1
-1.5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Phase Angle
0.02
0
-0.02
-0.04
-0.06
-0.08
10
15
20
25
30
Time (Sec)
35
40
45
50
2
1
0
-1
-2
0
10
15
20
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
25
30
Time (Sec)
35
40
45
50
0.01
0.005
Phase Angle
V.
HYBRID APPROACH
Voltage stabilizer (GPSS) generates spikes during the
speed deviation and the output of GPSS is generally
positive. To decrease those spikes, this hybrid method
uses PID along with the GPSS. This approach reduces the
spikes generation. In hybrid approach, we have associated
PID stabilizer with the GPSS connected SMIB as shown
in Figure 11.
Rotar Angle
x 10
0
-0.005
-0.01
-0.015
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Page | 105
x 10
-4
2
Rotar Angle
Rotar Angle
2
0
-2
-4
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1
0
-1
10
15
20
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
25
30
Time (Sec)
35
40
45
50
0.01
0.005
0.01
Phase Angle
Phase Angle
x 10
-2
0
50
0.02
0
-0.01
-0.02
0
-0.005
-0.01
-0.015
10
15
20
25
30
Time (Sec)
35
40
45
50
0.015
0.01
-4
0.005
x 10
Phase Angle
Rotar Angle
-0.005
-0.01
-0.015
-1
-0.02
-2
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0.005
0
-4
10
Time (Sec)
12
14
16
x 10
-0.005
TCSC
PID
GPSS
MBPSS
HYBRID
10
15
20
25
30
Time (Sec)
35
40
45
50
1
Rotar Angle
-0.01
0.01
Phase Angle
-1
-2
-3
-4
Rotar Angle
x 10
10
12
14
1
0
0.17
-1
-2
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0.16
0.01
0.15
F(x)
Phase Angle
0.005
-0.005
0.14
-0.01
-0.015
0.13
0
10
15
20
25
30
Time (Sec)
35
40
45
50
0.12
0.11
10
20
30
40
50
60
Iteration
70
80
90
100
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Page | 106
VII. CONCLUSION
This paper proposes a hybrid approach for stability
analysis using GA and PSO. The effectiveness of the
proposed hybrid approach is demonstrated on a SMIB
power system. Performance of the proposed approach is
recorded on the basis of evaluation parameters i.e. Phase
angle and rotor angle deviations. Figure 19 and Figure 20
show the comparative analysis for proposed approach and
the techniques developed earlier and it can be said that the
proposed hybrid approach outperforms than other
techniques.
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
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