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Homework1
Economics (I), 2013
Due Date: 2013.10.18
Part I. Multiple Choices (50 points: 5 points of each )
Please fill your answers in below blanks.
1
10
Figure 1
Figure 1 shows various points on three different production possibilities frontiers for a nation.
40 hours
16 hours
Table 1
Table 1 shows the number of labor hours required to produce a cell
phone and a board foot of lumber in Estonia and Finland
8. Refer to Table 1. Estonia has a comparative advantage in the
production of
A) lumber.
B) neither product.
C) cell phones.
D) both products.
Answer: A
9. Refer to Table 1. If the two countries specialize and trade, who
should export lumber?
A) There is no basis for trade between the two countries.
B) They should both be exporting lumber.
C) Finland
D) Estonia
Answer: D
10. An example of a factor of production is
A) a worker hired by an auto manufacturer.
B) the automobiles exported by an auto manufacturer.
C) a loan granted to an auto manufacturer.
D) a car produced by an auto manufacturer.
Answer: A
Possible Output
Combinations
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
Cashews
(thousands of
pounds)
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Almonds
(thousands of
pounds)
0
20
35
47
57
64
68
70
Table 2
11. Refer to Table 2. The Nut House produces only cashews and
almonds. The table above shows the maximum possible output
combinations of the two nuts using all resources and currently
available technology.
a. Graph The Nut House's production possibilities frontier. Put
almonds on the horizontal axis and cashews on the vertical
axis. Be sure to identify the output combination points on your
diagram.
b. Suppose The Nut House is currently producing at point C.
What is the opportunity cost of producing an additional 12,000
pounds of almonds?
c. Suppose The Nut House is currently producing at point C.
What happens to the opportunity cost of producing more and
more almonds? Does it increase, decrease or remain
constant? Explain your answer.
d. Suppose The Nut House is currently producing at point F. What
happens to the opportunity cost of producing more and more
cashews? Does it increase, decrease or remain constant?
Explain your answer.
e. Suppose The Nut House is plagued by a variety of white rootrot disease, which destroys cashew trees but not almond
trees. Show in a graph what happens to its PPF.
Answer:
a.
b.
Wheat
Digital Camera Output
Output
(bushels)
China
36
1,080
South Korea
40
1,800
Total
76
2,880
c. See graph in part (a)
d. China should specialize in producing digital cameras because it has a lower
opportunity cost: 20 bushels of wheat as opposed to South Korea's 30 bushels of
wheat. South Korea should specialize in producing wheat because it has a lower
opportunity cost: 0.03 units of a digital camera as opposed to China's 0.05 units of
a digital camera.
e.
Wheat
Digital Camera Output
Output
(bushels)
China
90
0
South Korea
0
3,000
Total
90
3,000
f. Yes, digital camera output increased by 14 units (from 76 units to 90 units) and
wheat output increased by 120 bushels (from 2,880 bushels to 3,000 bushels).
g. See graph in part (a)
h. Yes, trade has enabled the two countries to consume outside their PPFs.