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Indice: Headline 2

Antigos
28 de maro de 2016
29 de maro de 2016
30 de maro de 2016
31 de maro de 2016
1 de abril de 2016
2 de abril de 2016
3 de abril de 2016
4 de abril de 2016
5 de abril de 2016
6 de abril de 2016
7 de abril de 2016
8 de abril de 2016
9 de abril de 2016
11 de abril de 2016
12 de abril de 2016
13 de abril de 2016
14 de abril de 2016
15 de abril de 2016

Antigos
Lift: Raise to a higher position or level: he lifted his trophy over his head. Levantar, erger.
a free ride somewhere, usually in a car. carona Can you give me a lift to the airport?
UK ( US elevator) a machine that carries people up and down in tall buildings. elevador. Shall
we use the stairs or take the lift?
Torch: tocha, lampada
Cup: xcara
Fear: medo, temor
Frighten: assustar, amedrontar, intimidar
fright noun [no plural] /frat/ a sudden feeling of shock and fear. susto.

She was shaking with fright.

Wise: sensato, sbio, prudente.

28 de maro de 2016
Handle: Feel or manipulate with the hands.
where did you learn to handle a boat?
A handle is the part of an object people hold while using it.
the part by which a thing is held, carried, or controlled
the pan features helpful lifting handles
The pot is very hot. So pick it up by the handle.
Punho, cabo, ala, puxador, asa.
Pickaxe: picareta, pico.
Trophy: a cup or other decorative object awarded as a prize for a victory or success.
cup, medal, prize, award.
Trofu, monumento
Bottom: The bottom is the lowest part. The bottom of my shoe has a hole in it.
(usually the bottom) The lowest point or part of something: the bottom of the page;
she paused at the bottom of the stairs
The ground under a sea, river, or lake: the liner plunged to the bottom of the sea
The seat of a chair.
Pleased: When someone is pleased, they are happy. She was pleased with the phone call she
received.
Feeling or showing pleasure and satisfaction, especially at an event or a situation:
both girls were pleased with their new hairstyles.
he seemed really pleased that she was there.
a pleased smile.
Willing or glad to do something:
we will be pleased to provide an independent appraisal
happy and satisfied
pleased with: It took a long time to complete the work, but Im very pleased with the results.
pleased with: Im really pleased with how you guys performed.
pleased about: Im really pleased about your new job.
be pleased to do something: Im pleased to announce the winners of the contest.
be pleased to do something: Youll be pleased to hear that Dave cant come tonight!

Trick: A cunning act or scheme intended to deceive or outwit someone: hes a double-dealer
capable of any mean trick. truque
A mischievous practical joke: she thought Elaine was playing some trick on her
An illusion: I thought I saw a flicker of emotion, but it was probably a trick of the light
A skilful act performed for entertainment or amusement: he did conjuring tricks for his daughters

Mischievous:
Causing or showing a fondness for causing trouble in a playful way: mischievous children.
a mischievous grin
(Of an action or statement) causing or intended to cause harm or trouble: a mischievous
allegation for which there is not a shred of evidence
malicioso, maldoso, arteiro, levado, mau, prejudicial
Angry: When someone is angry, they may want to speak loudly or fight.
She didnt do her homework, so her father is angry.
Clever: When someone is clever, they can solve a hard puzzle or problem.
The clever boy thought of a good idea.
Inteligente, esperto, hbil, talentoso.
Quick to understand, learn, and devise or apply ideas; intelligent: she was an extremely clever
and studious young woman .
how clever of him to think of this!
Skilled at doing or achieving something; talented: he was very clever at getting what he
wanted.
both Grandma and Mother were clever with their hands.
good at doing or using something
clever with: Youd have to be very clever with words to get people to listen
Approach: To approach something means to move close to it.
The boy approached his school.
Aproximar. Abordar.
Come near or nearer to (someone or something) in distance or time: the train approached the
main line
[no object]: winter was approaching
(as adjective approaching) an approaching car
Come close to (a number, level, or standard) in quality or quantity: the population will approach
12 million by the end of the decade
Speak to (someone) for the first time about a proposal or request: the department had been
approached about funding
Start to deal with (a situation or problem) in a certain way: one must approach the matter with
caution
Scope:The scope of something is how many people or things it relates to.

Modern history has a wide scope.

The extent of the area or subject matter that something deals with or to which it is relevant: we
widened the scope of our investigation.
such questions go beyond the scope of this book
The opportunity or possibility to do or deal with something: the scope for major change is
always limited by political realities
Insist: To insist means to be firm in telling people what to do.
I insist that you try some of these cookies.
Demand something forcefully, not accepting refusal: she insisted on carrying her own bag
[with clause]: he insisted that she came
(insist on) Demand forcefully to have (something): he insisted on answers to his allegations
Submit: To submit to someone is to agree to do what they tell you to do.
She submitted to her mother's wishes and did her homework.
[no object] Accept or yield to a superior force or to the authority or will of another person: the
original settlers were forced to submit to Bulgarian rule.
Submeter-se, ceder, sujeitar-se
Grasp: To grasp something means to hold it.
He grasped the bag of money tightly.
Seize and hold firmly: she grasped the bottle.
Edward grasped her by the wrist
Take (an opportunity) eagerly: many companies grasped the opportunity to expand
Comprehend fully: the press failed to grasp the significance of what had happened.
a firm hold or grip.
Freeze: To freeze is to become very cold.
If you don't wear your coat in winter, you will freeze.
Brainstorm: To brainstorm is to have a lot of ideas about a certain topic.
The students met after school to brainstorm ideas for their assignment.
A spontaneous group discussion to produce ideas and ways of solving problems: the
participants held a brainstorm
[as modifier]: brainstorm exercises
British informal: A moment in which one is suddenly unable to think clearly or act sensibly: we
can only assume that someone simply had a brainstorm and left the important bits out
North American informal: A sudden clever idea: these three brainstorms may flop like other wellintentioned innovations
Latitude: The latitude of a place is its distance from the equator.
The device was able to tell the traveler his exact latitude.
Greed: greed is a desire to have more than the things that you need.

She ate all the cookies out of her greed.

Ganancia, avidez, cobia.
Intense and selfish desire for something, especially wealth, power, or food: mercenaries who
had allowed greed to overtake their principles
greed has taken over football
the colonists' greed for African land
Greedy: Having an excessive desire or appetite for food: hes scoffed the lot, the greedy pig.
Dennis groped his greedy hands over the box of food that Adrian had kept so securely beside
him.
Having or showing an intense and selfish desire for wealth or power: people driven from their
land by greedy developers.
She was greedy for power, and didn't let morals get in the way of her pursuit of it.
vido, ganancioso, guloso, voraz, ambicioso, insacivel, comilo, lambo.
Departure: A departure is the act of leaving a place.
They were excited about their departure back home.
The action of leaving, especially to start a journey: the day of departure [count noun]: she made
a hasty departure.
[count noun] A deviation from an accepted, prescribed, or usual course of action: the album is
not a radical departure from the bands previous work.
It was, of course, a huge departure from the tradition represented by Perkin.
Of course, this means a radical departure from current planning processes.
The first shift required is a departure from being concerned only with patients
who are referred to outpatient clinics.
Mankind: the human race, man, humanity, human beings, humans, Homo sapiens, humankind,
the human species, people, men and women.
Human beings considered collectively; the human race: research for the benefit of all mankind.
Arms races have dogged mankind from the dawn of history, and history seems bound to repeat
itself.
It is often acknowledged that the history of mankind is written by its victors.
Had he been listened to, the history of mankind might have been different.
Affection: affection is a feeling of liking someone or something.
Amanda has a lot of affection for her little sister Sarah.
afeio, carinho, afeto, afetividade, simpatia, ternura, amizade, amoo.
tightly: Closely and firmly: my hand gripped tightly onto the knife.
my eyes were tightly shut.
a tightly sealed container.
With very firm or strict control: the government tightly controlled the movement of money.
public companies are tightly regulated.
in a disciplined or well coordinated manner: tightly choreographed dance moves.
tightly reasoned arguments.

hermeticamente, fortemente, justamente, rijamente, firmemente.

Vast: If something is vast, it is very large.
The wealthy man bought a vast amount of land in the countryside.
Of very great extent or quantity; immense: a vast plain full of orchards.
They have plenty of money and as a result they consume vast quantities of drink.
In this day and age, there is no real need to take vast quantities of cash or even
traveller's cheques with you.
Water in the form of ice has been found in vast quantities just below the surface
across large areas of Mars.
Thesaurus: A book that lists words in groups of synonyms and related concepts.
Boundary: A boundary is the line where one area of land stops, and another begins.
This fence shows the boundary between our yard and yours.
Yard:
A piece of uncultivated ground adjoining a building, typically one enclosed by walls or other
buildings: tiny houses with the lavatory in the yard.
North American: The garden of a house.
An area of land used for a particular purpose or business: a builders yard.
quintal, jardim, ptio, terreiro.
Trial: A trial is the way a court discovers if a person is guilty or innocent.
He went on trial for robbing the bank.
A formal examination of evidence by a judge, typically before a jury, in order to decide guilt in a
case of criminal or civil proceedings: the newspaper accounts of the trial
[mass noun]: the editor was summoned to stand trial for libel
A test of the performance, qualities, or suitability of someone or something: clinical trials must
establish whether the new hip replacements are working
A person, experience, or situation that tests a persons endurance or forbearance: the trials and
tribulations of married life.
I had the pleasure of speaking to Schneider and inquiring about the trials and tribulations that
he's experienced in his career.
Hips: one of the two parts of your body above your leg and below your waist
She stood with her hands on her hips, waiting.
Id like to lose weight from my hips and thighs.
Quadril
Wealthy: having a great deal of money, resources, or assets; rich.
the wealthy nations of the world
synonyms: rich, affluent, moneyed, well off, well-to-do, prosperous, comfortable, propertied
rico, abstado, endinheirado, opulento.

Bought => buy: comprar, adquirir.

Tray: A tray is a flat plate used to hold food.
The waiter brought our food on a tray.
Bandeja.
Competition: A competition is a contest to see who is the best at something.
He won the running competition over the weekend.
Fence: a barrier, railing, or other upright structure, typically of wood or wire, enclosing an area
of ground to mark a boundary, control access, or prevent escape.
South Korean news agency Yonhap said the group cut through a wire fence to gain access to
the school grounds in a northern suburb of Beijing early Friday.
synonyms: barrier, fencing, enclosure, barricade, stockade, palisade, fenceline, railing
a guard or guide on a plane, saw, or other tool.
This leaves a short side surface at right angles to the rear of the strip, adequate for guiding the
fence of the cornice plane.
a person who deals in stolen goods.
There he meets up with the wily Artful Dodger who takes him to thief and fence Fagin, who is in
charge of a gang of young pickpockets.
synonyms: receiver (of stolen goods), dealer
verb
surround or protect with a fence.
our garden was not fully fenced
Cerca, barreira, cercado.
Waiter: Garom.
Headline: A headline is the title of a newspaper story.
The headline on the front page was about the economy.
Bold: negrito, corajoso, arrojado, audaz, atrevido, forte, vigoroso, ngreme.
If someone is bold, they are not afraid of doing something.
The bold man climbed the high mountain.
(Of a person, action, or idea) showing a willingness to take risks; confident and courageous: a
bold attempt to solve the crisis.
no journalist was bold enough to take on the Prime Minister
(Of a colour, design, or shape) having a strong, vivid, or clear appearance: a coat with bold
polka dots.
Biography: A biography is an account of someones life that is written by someone else.
We read a biography about Charles Darwin in science class.
Expel: To expel someone means to force them to leave a place.

Since he would not follow the rules, the principal had to expel the student.
expulsar. Expelir.
Enterprise: An enterprise is a company or business.
My father owns an advertising enterprise.
Fad: A fad is something that is popular for a short time.
The ju hula hoop was a fad for a few years, but it soon lost its popularity.
Misconception: A misconception is a wrong idea about something.
People once believed the misconception that the Earth is flat.
Guilty: culpado
Rob: Take property unlawfully from (a person or place) by force or threat of force: he tried, with
three others, to rob a bank. roubar, furtar, pilhar, assaltar.
she was robbed of her handbag
informal Overcharge (someone) for something: Bob thinks my suit cost 70, and even then he
thinks I was robbed
informal or dialect Steal: someone had robbed my jacket
(rob someone of) Deprive someone of (something needed or deserved): poor health has
robbed her of a normal social life
Hazardous: Risky; dangerous: we work in hazardous conditions.
it is hazardous to personal safety.
dangerous, risky, unsafe, perilous, precarious, insecure, tricky, unpredictable, uncertain, highrisk, touch-and-go, fraught with danger
Augment: to increase the size, amount, or value of something.
The team of editors was augmented by freelancers.
The precision may be increased by augmenting the number of samples used.
To increase, or to increase something:increase, add to, raise...
Cohesion: Ability to stay together as a unit
Cohesion can also be used to describe forces that keep materials or structures together.
Family cohesion is difficult if young people have to go far away to find work.
Despondent: Extremely sad and without hope for the future. Desanimado.
Coalition: A group of several different groups or countries that are working together to achieve
a certain goal.
grin: a broad smile. Sorriso largo.

smile broadly, especially in an unrestrained manner and with the mouth open. Dennis appeared,
grinning cheerfully.
To our astonishment, Denis was grinning at us, and was even now heading in our direction.
to smile showing your teethgrin at: Ruth grinned at him as she waved goodbye.

29 de maro de 2016
bury: enterrar, sepultar, ocultar, inundar
libel: difamao, calnia.
orchard: a piece of land where there are fruit trees pomar
An apple orchard.
South of the house is an extensive orchard of fruit trees, now part of the other two properties.
Grip: To grip something is to hold it very tightly.
I was scared, so I gripped my older sister's hand.
pegar, compreender, pegar fortemente, agarrar com firmeza.
hasty: precipitado, apressado, rpido, ligeiro, temporo, imprudente.
grope: to try to get hold of something with your hand, usually when you cannot see it
tatear
I groped in my bag for my keys.
press: imprensa, presso, prensa, maquina de impresso.
settler: one of a group of people who build a place for themselves to live after arriving from
somewhere else
the first European settlers in America
synonyms: colonist, colonizer, frontiersman, frontierswoman, pioneer, bushwhacker, immigrant
Colono, colonizador
amusement: [no plural] the feeling that you have when something makes you smile or laugh
I watched the performance with great amusement.
enjoyment, or an enjoyable way of spending your time
I play the piano, but just for my own amusement.
fairground amusements
diverso, entretenimento, graa
skilful: having or showing skill.

a skillful infielder
synonyms: expert, accomplished, skilled, masterly, master, virtuoso, consummate, proficient
hbil, engenhoso, habilidoso, adestrado.
flicker: tremer, chamejar, pestanejar; temulao, centenha, vacilao, luz vacilante.
verb [I] us /flkr/
to burn, shine, or move like a flame in quickly changing forms of light and dark: Candles
flickered on all the tables in the restaurant. A smile flickered across her face.
[I] to shine with a light that is sometimes bright and sometimes weak:
I felt a cold draft and the candle started to flicker.
[I or T] to appear for a short time or to make a sudden movement:
A smile flickered across her face.
He'd been in a coma for weeks, when all of a sudden he flickered an eyelid.
noun [C] us /flkr/
any slight and quick expression: The planes searched the ground for a flicker of movement
among the wreckage.
Contest: a competition, especially one in which individuals rather than groups are competing
concurso
Appraisal: the act of examining someone or something in order to judge their qualities,
success, or needs:
The newspaper gave an editorial appraisal of the government's achievements of the past year.
(also job/performance appraisal) a meeting in which an employee discusses his or her progress,
aims, and needs at work with his or her manager or employer:
Many companies operate regular job appraisals, often on an annual basis.
avaliao, apreciao, laudo
Mussel: a small sea creature that has a black shell in two parts and that can be eaten
Mexilho
Prawn: a small sea animal that you can eat. Prawns are pink when cooked.
Camaro
Octopus: polvo
a sea creature with eight long arms
Boredom: the state of feeling bored.
the boredom of a long car journey
Tdio, aborrecimento.
Extirpate: Eradicate or destroy completely: timber wolves were extirpated from New England
more than a century ago

Stroll: To stroll means to walk slowly and calmly.

My dog and I strolled through the park today.
Rebel: A rebel is a person who flights the government in order to change it.
The rebel had enough of the government's unfair polices.
Foe: A foe is an enemy or opponent.
It was hard to believe that anyone could be his foe.
Shepherd: A shepherd is a person who protects and cares for sheep.
The shepherd moved the sheep to another field.
Rather: rather is used when you want to do one thing but not the other.
I would rather have the red one than the blue one.
Splash: When a liquid splashes, it bursts and hits something.
Some green paint splashed upon the floor.
Found: To found means to bring something into existence.
The pastor founded his church in the countryside.
Empathy: empathy is sharing or understanding another persons feelings.
The caring nurse had empathy for her patients.
Grain: Wheat or any other cultivated cereal used as food.
The seeds of wheat or other cultivated cereals.
A single fruit or seed of a cereal: a few grains of corn
Gro, cereais.
Slim: If something or someone is slim, they are thin.
Look at my new cell phone. It's very slim.
Cheat: To cheat is to be dishonest so that you can win or do well.
They cheated on the test by sharing answers.
Tremble: To tremble is to shake as a result of cold weather.
Harry was not used to the cold, so he trembled most of the day.
Tremer, estremecer.
Stove: A stove is a device used to cook food.
Our new stove helps us to cook food much faster than before.
Fogo, forno.
Cliff: A cliff is a high and often flat wall of rock.

The wolf stood at the cliff and howled.

Penhasco
Petition: A petition is a written request asking an authority to do something.
The citizens all signed a petition asking the mayor to repair the sidewalks.
Haunt: To haunt is to cause problems or negative thoughts over a long period of time.
His thoughts about his scary dream haunted him for weeks.
Assombrar. Fantasma.
Rim: The rim is the outside edge of a round thing, like a cup or bottle.
I put my lips to the rim of the bottle and took a drink.
aro
the edge of something round. borda, aro. the rim of a cup

30 de maro de 2016
Cram: study intensively over a short period of time just before an examination.
"lectures were called off so students could cram for finals"
synonyms: study, review, bone up
Milieu: A persons social environment:
Gregory came from the same aristocratic milieu as Sidonius
the particular people and society that surround you and influence the way in which you behave
meio social, arredores, redondeza, fundo.
Arrive: To arrive is to get to or reach some place.
The bus always arrives at the corner of my street at 4:00.
Shape: The external form, contours, or outline of someone or something: she liked the shape of
his nose
houseplants come in all shapes and sizes
[mass noun]: the stones are irregular in shape
A geometric figure such as a square, triangle, or rectangle.
Grouping wall decor in geometric shapes such as rectangles, triangles or circles adds interest.
The correct or original form or contours of something: her skirt had lost its shape long ago
the lid had been battered out of shape
Good physical condition: she has to work hard to keep in shape
I trained with the featherweight champion of Europe to get in shape
Industrious: If someone is industrious, they work hard.
Dennis was very industrious, so he never had problems finding a job.
Diligent and hard-working: an industrious people striving to make their country prosperous

Only people can be industrious; companies cannot.

The Dutch settlements in Ottawa County were founded by industrious farmers who objected to
frivolous behavior such as dancing.

Chore: a routine task, especially a household one.

Girls as young as four and five are expected to help with household chores and to care for their
younger siblings.
synonyms: task, job, duty, errand, work, domestic work, drudgery
Unify: To unify means to bring people or things together.
With their good deeds, the children tried to unify the world.
unificar, uniformizar, dar unidade a
Vaw: To vow means to make a promise to do something.
Before they are allowed to work, all senators must vow to never accept bribes.
Bribe: noun a sum of money or other inducement offered or given in this way.
They've gone as far as illegal activities - offering bribes on the floor of the House, holding votes
open for three hours.
synonyms: inducement, incentive, payola, payoff, kickback, boodle, sweetener
Verb persuade (someone) to act in one's favor, typically illegally or dishonestly, by a gift of
money or other inducement.
an undercover agent bribed the judge into giving a lenient sentence
synonyms: buy off, pay off, suborn, grease someone's palm, fix, square
To bribe someone means to illegally persuade them for a favor with money.
The judge was bribed so that she would set the suspect free.
Wail: To wail is to show sadness by crying loudly.
The baby wailed because it was hungry.
Chorar, gemer
Ethnic: If something is ethnic, then it is related to a group with a similar culture.
Many sections of the city are home to different ethnic communities.
Tissue: A tissue is a soft piece of paper people use to wipe their noses.
There was a box of tissue on the table.
tissue noun /tu/
B1 a soft piece of paper that you use for cleaning your nose. leno de papel.
the material that animals and plants are made of. tecido.
human brain tissue

Gain: If you gain something, you get more of it.

I gained some weight over the summer.
Howl: a long, loud, doleful cry uttered by an animal such as a dog or wolf.
While in captivity, they are very vocal, uttering high-pitched whines and howls , rasping growls.
synonyms: baying, howling, bay, cry, yowl, bark, yelp
uivo, gemido, lamento, pranto. berrar, gritar, rugir
Chop: To chop something means to cut it into pieces with a tool.
Mom chopped some vegetables to put into the stew.
Appliance: a machine or piece of equipment that you have in your home, for example a
washing machine or refrigerator
We stock a wide range of kitchen appliances.
A device or piece of equipment designed to perform a specific task: electrical and gas
appliances
British The action or process of bringing something into operation: the appliance of science
could increase crop yields

31 de maro de 2016
Utterly: completely
The new rule is utterly ridiculous.
completamente, totalmente
Stark: empty, simple, or obvious, especially without decoration or anything that is not
necessary:
It was a stark room with a bed and chair as the only furniture.
The stark reality is that we are operating at a huge loss.
completely or extremely: The children were splashing in the river, stark naked.
If I didn't exercise, I think I'd go raving mad (UK also stark staring mad) from sitting at a desk all
day.
In the suburbs the spacious houses stand in stark (= extreme) contrast to the slums of the city's
poor.
If a contrast is stark, then the things being compared are utterly different.
There is a stark contrast between their test scores.
Fool: A fool is someone who makes unwise choices.
The girl was a fool for playing too close to the water.
foolish:adjective /ful/ silly. bobo, tolo, insensato.

a foolish mistake. It would be foolish to ignore his advice.

foolishly /fulli/ adverb tolamente:
I foolishly didnt write her phone number down.
foolishness /fulns/ noun [no plural] tolice, bobagem

Polar: polar relates to the cold places on Earth's north and south ends.
Only a few people live in the Earth's northern polar region.
fuse: A fuse is a string that you light on fireworks to make them explode.
The boy lit the fuse on the rocket and waited for it to burst in the sky.
pavil
physics a part of a piece of electrical equipment that makes it stop working when there is too
much electricity flowing through it
a piece of electrical equipment used for exploding a bomb, firework etc from a distance
fusvel
Vibrate: To vibrate is to shake very hard.
The machine made his whole body vibrate as he broke up the ground.
beforehand: If something is done beforehand, then it is done in advance.
He packed his luggage beforehand, so he was able to leave right away.
Beloved: When something is beloved, it is very special and you like it very much.
The boy took a nap next to his beloved cat.
a beloved friend, object etc is one that you love very much. This word is sometimes used
humorously to say that someone likes something too much
Hes cleaning his beloved motorbike.
Loved, liked or wanted very much: dear, desirable, precious...
Poison: poison is a dangerous substance that causes illness or death.
They used poison to get rid of the rats in their home.
Defect: A defect is a part of something that is wrong or missing.
All these bottles have a defect and must be sent back to the warehouse.
reach: To reach means to arrive at a place.
I was happy to finally reach my destination.
Shade: The shade is a dark area that something makes when it blocks the sun.
It was hot outside, so the boy sat in the shade of a tree.
Lawn: A lawn is an area covered in grass.
My dad keeps the lawn in front of your house very neat.

Shortly: If something will happen shortly, it will happen very soon.

My workday will end shortly.
soon, or happening only a short period of time after something
Were going to break for lunch very shortly.
shortly after/before:Police arrived at the scene shortly after midnight.
if you say something shortly, you sound annoyed or rude
Warehouse: a large building for keeping things that are going to be sold. armazm, depsito
Driving across rural Iowa is like driving through the warehouse and light manufacturing district
of a great city.
At present most of the site is used as a distribution warehouse and very little manufacturing is
carried out.
Wroughton farmers are to turn two old grain stores into a modern warehouse for storage and
distribution.
grace: grace is a quality of moving in a smooth, relaxed and attractive way.
The ballerina danced with grace.
aborigine: An aborigine is a native of Australia before Europeans lived there.
the aborigines created beautiful artwork.
Wander: To wander is to walk without going to a certain place.
The boys like to wander in the woods and look at birds.
tease: To tease someone means to laugh at or make fun of them.
Jake teased Charlie because he was the new student.
choir: A choir is a group of people who sing together.
He had choir practice every day after school.
Miserable: If someone is miserable, they are very unhappy.
He was miserable after his dog died.
Sad: triste, infeliz, baixo-astral. I woke up feeling miserable.
bad and making you sad: miservel, pssimo, horrvel. People are living in miserable
conditions.
Smallpox: smallpox is a disease that causes tiny bumps on the skin and high fevers.
When she saw the tiny bumps, she thought her son might have smallpox.
Varola, bexiga.
an extremely infectious viral disease that causes fever, spots on the skin, and often death:
smallpox vaccinations
Hide: To hide is to try not to let others see you.

The other children will hide while you count to 100.

Disorder: disorder is a lack of order, or a complete mess.
The teacher's desk had many papers in disorder.
Mass: a dirty or untidy state of things or of a place.
she made a mess of the kitchen
synonyms: untidiness, disorder, disarray, clutter, shambles, jumble, muddle, chaos
a situation or state of affairs that is confused or full of difficulties.
the economy is still in a terrible mess
synonyms: plight, predicament, tight spot/corner, difficulty, trouble, quandary, dilemma, problem
Char: To char means to burn something so that it turns black.
While Frank went inside to get the mustard, he accidentally charred the hotdogs.
Refund: A refund is money given back to a person when an item is returned to a store.
I asked for a refund because the shoes I bought were too tight.
Outlaw: An outlaw is a criminal who hides from the police.
The police passed out posters of the outlaw to all the people.
Tight: adjective /tat/
> fitting your body very closely. apertado, justo. a tight skirt Opposite loose
firm and difficult to move. apertado, esticado. Make sure the knot is tight.
strongly controlled and obeying all rules completely. firme. They kept tight control of the
budget.
tightly /tatli/ adverb firmemente
tightness /tatns/ noun [no plural] firmeza
a nobility [n'blt] A group of socially prominent people with special titles given by a king or
queen, such as dukeor countess
Prejudiced ['predst]: Causing to judge prematurely and unfairly. Preconceituoso
status quo [stets'kwu] The systems and conditions that exist now
to convey [kn've] to transport from one place to another; to transmit or make known
verb [T] (COMMUNICATE) uk /knve/ us /knve/ formal
to express feelings, thoughts, or information to other people:
He always conveyed a sense of genuine interest in his students.
to express a thought, feeling, or idea so that it is understood by other people:
His poetry conveys a great sense of religious devotion.
Please convey our condolences to the family.
[+ question word] I tried to convey in my speech how grateful we all were for his help.

You don't want to convey the impression that we're not interested.
More examples
Few journalists have managed to convey the full horror of the situation.
What the book does convey very successfully is the horror of war.
No report can convey the unspeakable suffering that this war has caused.
Words alone cannot convey the untold misery endured by people in these refugee
camps.
With a single wag of her finger she managed to convey her total disapproval.
convey verb [T] (TAKE)
to take or carry someone or something to a particular place:
Water flows into the channels and those channels convey it to the fields.
The goods are usually conveyed by rail.
Could you convey a message to Mr Merrick for me, please?
to discriminate [d'skrmnt] To choose carefully among options
to treat someone unfairly because of their religion, race, or other personal features.
Employers are not allowed to discriminate on the basis of gender.
discriminate against: Caulfield claimed they had discriminated against him because of his
nationality.
Recognize a distinction; differentiate: babies can discriminate between different facial
expressions
Denote: To mean something clearly and directly
denotar, indicar, significar, simbolizar, mostrar
twinkle: If light twinkles, it shines and seems to be quickly flashing on and off.
The lights of the town twinkled in the distance.
The stars twinkle under the bright light of the full moon.
There are some bright new southern stars twinkling as our northern lights try to recharge their
batteries.
As he turned out the light, three bright stars twinkled above the silent house.
piscar, pestanear, cintilar, brilhar.
The stars twinkle under the bright light of the full moon.
There are some bright new southern stars twinkling as our northern lights try to recharge their
batteries.
As he turned out the light, three bright stars twinkled above the silent house.
(Of a persons eyes) sparkle, especially with amusement.
He's sitting there, one eyebrow raised, his beautiful eyes twinkling with amusement.
Look, he said, his blue eyes twinkling with amusement.
She looks at Jonnie, with eyes twinkling in amusement.
Smile so that ones eyes sparkle: Aha! he said, twinkling at her (as adjective twinkling) a
twinkling smile.
He stood with his arms folded and head cocked to one side, twinkling at me.

When I asked if he knew the location of the real Stone of Destiny he smiled, twinkled
mischievously, and said all would be revealed in the fullness of time.
Take those tapes of Ronald Reagan's political speeches and memoirs, in which he
smiled and twinkled and said not very much at all.
(Of a persons feet) move lightly and rapidly: his sandaled feet twinkled over the ground
The famous Gallowglass Ceili Band will provide the music with some lively tunes to get the toes
twinkling.
Playing the ball late, his feet started to twinkle.
As principal dancer with the English National Ballet, her toes have to twinkle for a living.
noun A sparkle or gleam in a persons eyes.
The familiar twinkle danced in her sparkling brown eyes.
A grin cracked across the man's stony face, and a twinkle gleamed from his eyes.
I saw a mischievous twinkle in his eyes and he waved the salad.
A light that appears continually to grow brighter and fainter: the distant twinkle of the lights
The twinkle of light began to grow and divide, until Peter could see a myriad of bright
lights just up ahead.
Tired twinkles of light came through the fissures in the roof tiles and a small window in
the back wall.
The stars serenely encased the green-and-brown planet in their milky twinkle, lighting up
all the oceans with a crystal glow, a beautiful shine.
Phrases
in a twinkling (or the twinkling of an eye): In an instant; very quickly.
In a twinkling, the ball was swept to the onrushing Kieran Lewis.
Our fears that learners would starve was wiped out in a twinkling of an eye.
In a twinkling, the broad, tall figure was reduced to thin, glassy shards that dissolved in
the air.
twinkler /-k()lr/ noun
twinkly /-k()l/ Adjective

1 de abril de 2016
Knot: N, lao, milha nautica; dificuldade.
pump noun (DEVICE) a piece of equipment that is used to cause liquid, air, or gas to move
from one place to another:
a water/bicycle/fuel pump.
a petrol pump.
More examples
The pump is powered by a small electric motor.
Fish tanks often have a pump that oxygenates the water.
The pump is driven by steam.
pump noun [C] (SHOE)

 [usually plural] a type of flat shoe, like a ballet dancer's shoe, worn by women
[usually plural] US (UK court shoe) a type of plain shoe with a raised heel and no way of
fastening it to the foot, worn by women
[usually plural] UK a flat shoe made of heavy cloth, worn by children for doing sports
pump verb (LIQUID/GAS)
[T usually + adv/prep] to force liquid or gas to move somewhere:
Our latest machine can pump a hundred gallons a minute.
The new wine is pumped into storage tanks.
The heart pumps blood through the arteries/round the body.
Pump verb (INFORMATION)
[T] informal to keep asking someone for information, especially in a way that is not direct:
She was pumping me for details of the new projec.
animism: noun [U] uk /n..m.zm/ us /n..m.zm/ specialized
the belief that all natural things, such as plants, animals, rocks, and thunder, have spirits and
can influence human events
Animist: noun [C], adjective uk /n..mst/ us /n..mst/
fond: adjective /fnd/ be fond of someone/something
> to like someone or something. gostar de algum/algo, ter carinho por algum.
Were very fond of each other.
> causing happy feelings. querido, carinhoso. I have fond memories of my childhood.
fondness: noun [no plural] /fndns/
a liking for someone or something. gosto, afeio. We both have a fondness for dogs.

2 de abril de 2016
Villainy noun [U] UK /vl..ni/ US /vl..ni
evil or criminal behavior: perverso, malgino
Villainous adjective [before noun] UK /vl..ns/ US /vl..ns/
A villainous person or an action is evil: a villainous dictator
bulk noun [no plural] /blk/
Largeness and a heavy appearance
large size or mass: volume, tamanho
He was surprised by the bulk of the document.
> in bulk in large amounts. a granel, em grande quantidade. She buys in bulk.
the bulk of something most of something. a maior parte de algo
The bulk of the book is taken up with criticizing other works.
dormitory: A dormitory is a school building where students live.

 I will move into the dormitory at the beginning of the school year.
to cure [kju] To restore to health
recent When something is recent, it happened a short time ago.
I did not know what caused his recent behavior
Satisfactory: If something is satisfactory, it is good enough.
Mina often received satisfactory grades since she studied so hard.
parochial [p'rukl] Restricted in outlook; relating to the local parish.
Marla moved from her rural community to get away from its parochial thinking.
Sending your children to a parochial school can cost as much as sending them to college.
outlook noun /atlk/
[no plural] the likely future situation: perspectiva, prognstico
The outlook for the economy next year is bleak.
the way a person thinks about something: atitude, postura, viso
Despite her illness, she has a very positive outlook on life.
parish noun [C] US /pr/
> an area that a church provides for:
She lived her whole life in this parish.
A parish is also a political division within the state of Louisiana.
nap A nap is a short sleep, usually during the day.
I took a short nap because I stayed up late last night.
Settle verb /setl/ ( present participle settling, past tense and past participle settled)
If you settle an argument, you stop the problem and stop arguing. apaziguar
to start living somewhere that you are going to live for a long time: estabelecer-se, instalar-se
Finally he settled in Vienna.
to decide or arrange something: chegar a um acordo
Right, thats settled. Were going to Spain.
to relax into a comfortable position: acomodar-se
She settled herself into the chair.
> settle a bill: to pay the money that you owe: pagar uma conta
Ive got some bills to settle.
settle a check/bill: to pay the money that you owe: pagar uma conta
Ill settle the dinner check you get our coats.
unsettle To unsettle someone means to make them anxious or worried.
The dark clouds in the sky unsettled Beth.
unsettling adjective (CHANGEABLE)

 that causes sudden, unexpected changes:

A rise in unemployment has an unsettling effect on the stock market.
One of the documentary's many unsettling images is of a child playing with her father's gun.
unsettling adjective (ANXIOUS)
making you feel anxious and worried: I received the unsettling news that I may lose my job
next month.
unsettle: verb [T] uk /nset.l/ us /nsett.l/
The airline's decision to cut air fares is likely to unsettle the market.
Even the most experienced batsmen were unsettled by the speed of this bowler.
perturbar, abalar, alterar, transtornar, deserranjar, por em desordem.
enterprising ['entpraz] Creative in thinking of ways to make money.
Immigrants are often among the most enterprising members of society, partly because anyone
brave enough to make an overseas move is likely to be a risk-taker.
origin The origin of someone or something is where they come from.
The origin of the honey that we eat is from a beehive.
exclusive [ks'klusv] Keeping out all but a few people
hint A hint is information that suggests something will happen or is true.
I quietly passed on a hint to my sister about the test.
Expeditiously adverb [eksp'dsl] Quickly and efficiently
expeditious: adjective formal: UK /ekspds/: quick and effective
Synonyms and related words: Useful and effective and working correctly: impactful, scalable,
useful...
anger: To anger someone is to make them mad.
It angers me when people are rude.
anger noun [U] US /r/
the feeling people get when something unfair, painful, or bad happens:
You need to control your anger.
He yelled at them in anger.
>a strong feeling that makes you want to hurt someone or be unpleasant because of something
unfair or unkind that has happened:
I think he feels a lot of anger towards his father, who treated him very badly as a child.
There is a danger that anger at the new law may turn into anti-government feeling.
The people showed no surprise or anger at their treatment.
He found it hard to contain (= control) his anger.
More examples
Her cheeks were aflame with anger.
We are demonstrating to show our anger and disgust at the treatment of refugees.
His apology took the edge off her anger.

The new tax caused a huge amount of public anger.

Her comments provoked an outburst of anger from the boss.
verb [T] UK /.r/ US /./
to make someone angry:
The remark angered him.
It always angers me to see so much waste.
His constant complaining only angered her
Mad adjective /md/ ( comparative madder, superlative maddest)
>angry: bravo, furioso
Were your parents mad at you when you came home late?
> mainly UK ( US usually crazy) mentally ill: louco
I think Im going mad.
> mainly UK informal ( US usually crazy) stupid: louco, doido
You are mad to walk home alone at night.
be mad about someone/something mainly UK informal ( US usually be crazy about
someone/something)
>to love someone or something: ser louco por algum/algo
Ali is mad about skiing.
go mad UK informal: to become very angry: ficar bravo, ficar furioso
Dad will go mad when he finds out you took the car.
like mad informal: If you run, work, etc. like mad, you do it very quickly. como um louco
(as) mad as a hatter/March hare
extremely silly or stupid
louco de pedra
to invoke [n'vuk] To call on for support
pat: to pat something is to hit it softly with your hand.
I patted some lotion onto my face.
to coerce [ku's] To force; to put pressure on someone to do something
delinquency [d'lkwn(t)s] Serious misbehavior; not doing what one should do
a burden ['bdn] Something that is carried; a source of stress or worry
noun /bdn/
something difficult or unpleasant that you have to deal with or worry about
obrigao, estorvo, fardo, peso.
the burden of responsibility
Id hate to be a burden to you when Im older.
be inclined to [n'kland] To favor an opinion or a course of action

to resign [r'zan] To quit ones job

To resign means to quit a job.
After I officially resigned from work, I said goodbye to my boss.
to officially tell your employer that you are leaving your job. renunciar, demitir-se.
Mr Aitken has resigned from the company.
resign yourself to something: phrasal verb with resign /rzan/ verb
to make yourself accept something bad because you cannot change it. resignar-se a algo.
He resigned himself to living alone.
Resignation. noun /reznen/
the act of telling your employer that you are leaving your job. renncia, demisso. a letter of
resignation.
I handed in my resignation yesterday.
[no plural] the act of accepting something bad because you cannot change it. resignao
buoy: A buoy is a floating sign that warns boats of dangerous areas.
Dont steer the boat near those buoys. There are rocks underneath the water.
a floating object used in water to mark dangerous areas for boats. boia
to dispose of [ds'puz] To throw away; to get rid of; to kill
PHRASAL VERB
dispose of [TRANSITIVE]
> dispose of something: to get rid of something that you no longer need or want: replace, throw
away, shed..
Please dispose of all litter in the containers provided.
> dispose of something: to remove something such as a problem by dealing with it successfully:
cope, overcome, carry off...
Most complaints can be disposed of pretty quickly.
> dispose of someone: to kill someone: kill, murder, strangle...
dispose of someone: to defeat someone in a game, competition, etc.: defeat, win, beat..
Ghana had disposed of Togo with a 10 victory.
Dispose of should be learned as a unit. In this meaning, dispose does not occur without of.
She disposed of her unwanted possessions before moving.
The tyrant cruelly disposed of all his enemies.

mere: When something is mere, it is small or not important.

We lost the game by a mere two points.
prod: to prod means to push someone or something with a finger or pointed object.
The bully prodded me in the chest with his finger.
Prod: verb [I/T] us /prd/ (-dd-)
to push something or someone with your finger or with an object: [T]
The barber prodded the back of Rays head.

I prodded her in the back to get her attention.

She prodded the cake with her fork to see if it was cooked.
He prodded at the fish with his fork a few times, but he didn't eat a mouthful.
To prod someone is to encourage someone to take action, especially when the person is slow
or unwilling: [I]
No matter how much I prod he will not tell me what happened.
He gets things done, but only after I've prodded him into doing them.
Prod: noun [C] us /prd/
[C] an act of pushing something or someone with your finger or with a pointed object:
He gave her a prod in the ribs.
[S] encouragement to do something:
She hasn't ordered that book for me yet - I must give her a prod.
The protests were a prod for Congress to debate the issue.
courtyard: A courtyard is an outdoor area that is surrounded by the walls of a building.
During the summer, the courtyard is a nice place to have lunch. ptio
limb: A limb is a large branch on a tree.
The monkey sat on the treelimb and enjoyed a piece of fruit.
> an arm, or a leg
She rested her tired, aching limbs.
an artificial limb
> a large branch on a tree
> a large branch on a tree
Branch
branch /brn(t)/
noun
part of a tree which grows out from the trunk or from a bough: Sophie was in the branches of a
tree eating an apple
lateral extension or subdivision extending from the main part of a river, road, railway, etc. a
branch of the Clinton River
division or office of a large business or organization, operating locally or having a particular
function: he went to work at our Birmingham branch
conceptual subdivision of a family, subject, group of languages, etc. a branch of mathematics
called graph theory
verb [no object]
(Of a road or path) divide into one or more subdivisions: follow this track south until it branches
into two
(branch off) Diverge from the main route or part: the road branched off at the market town

(branch out) Extend or expand ones activities or interests in a new direction: the company is
branching out into Europe
(Of a tree or plant) bear or send out branches: this rose has a tendency to branch and spread at
the top (as adjective branching) the branching heads of large yellow daisies
branchlet /brn(t)lt/ noun
branch-like adjective
branchy /brn(t)i/ adjective
flint: flint is a hard stone that people used to make weapons for hunting.
There are a lot of flint tools in the museum.
decent: When something is decent, it is OK or good enough.
Eric did a decent job painting the fence.
linguistic: If something is linguistic, then it is concerned with language.
A linguistic way of studying culture focuses on words within that culture.
proportion: A proportion is an amount that shows the link between the parts and the whole.
Only a small proportion of the people in this town actually work here.
trust: To trust is to believe that someone is honest and will do what is right.
I trust my friends; they don't tell my secrets to other people.
rapid: When something is rapid, it moves or changes very quickly.
His mother was surprised by her son's rapid growth.
admiral: An admiral is someone who controls many military ships.
They won the sea battle because of the admiral's great leadership.
flu: The flu is a type of sickness that makes you feel weak or your body hurt.
Since he had the flu, he felt miserable.
Saturated: If something is saturated, it is completely wet.
Leighs hair became saturated in the rain storm.
saturate verb /stret/ ( present participle saturating, past tense and past participle
saturated)
to make something completely wet. saturar, empapar, encharcar.
Heavy rain had saturated the playing field.
bench: A bench is a long seat for two or more people.
Most parks have benches for citizens to relax upon.
dominant: When someone or something is dominant, they are stronger than others.

 The gorilla is one of the dominant animals in the jungle.

Jungle: noun /dl/ :an area of land in a hot country where trees and plants grow close
together. selva.
prestige: If a person has prestige, people admire or respect them.
The young actress gained much prestige after she won an award.

3 de abril de 2016
sparkle/sprk()l/ verb [no object]
Shine brightly with flashes of light: her earrings sparkled as she turned her head
Be vivacious and witty: after a glass of wine, she began to sparkle.
Synonyms. be livel: be vivacious, be animated, be ebullient, be exuberant, be bubbly, be
effervescent, be witty, be full of life
brilliant, dazzling, scintillating, exciting, exhilarating, stimulating, invigorating;
vivacious: lively, vibrant, animated
Noun: A glittering flash of light: there was a sparkle in his eyes.
The girl had bright pink hair that dully caught the light, reflecting a million glittering sparkles.
Glittering jewels and sparkles decorated the front of the dress and contrasted the red ruby
that hung against her neck.
The room is gold and sparkles in the soft light of candles and electricity.
Vivacity and wit: shes got a kind of sparkle
His cricket and his personality were marked by charm and sparkle.
The entire performance was imbued with sparkle and lan.
She was tiny, pretty, and vivacious, her sparkle compensating for a lack of education.

slight adjective [-er/-est only] us /slt/

slight adjective [-er/-est only] (SMALL IN AMOUNT)
small in amount or degree: He speaks with a slight French accent.
She had a slight cold, but wasnt feeling too bad.
> slight adjective [-er/-est only] (THIN)
(of people) thin and delicate: He was a young man of slight build with sensitive eyes and
expressive hands.
Slight verb [T] us /slt/
slight verb [T] (INSULT)
to insult someone by not paying attention or by treating the person as unimportant: He slighted
his wife by neglecting to introduce her.
flame noun [C/U] us/flem/
flame noun [C/U] (LIGHT)

 the hot light of a fire: [U] The logs in the fireplace burst into flame. The house was in flames (=
burning).
flame verb us /flem/
flame verb (BURN)
[I] to burn brightly or more brightly: The fire suddenly flamed (up).
flame verb (SHOW ANGER)
[I/T] to show anger by turning red: [I] His face flamed and he started stammering.
[I/T] If you flame someone you disagree with, you send insulting electronic messages about
that person over the Internet: [T] He was flamed by several other people in the chat room.
trumpery: /trmp()r/ archaic
noun (plural trumperies)
Attractive articles of little value or use.
All along the extent of the corridor, in little alcoves, there are stalls of shops, kept
principally by women, who, as you approach, are seen through the dusk offering for sale
multifarious trumpery.
The 2000 or so mercers included great merchants engaged in international trade and
small traders selling trumpery objects from their shops.
Practices or beliefs that are superficially or visually appealing but have little real value or worth.
An assertion of absolute moral superiority in the form of black-shirted nuclear families spiritual trumpery via breeding.
entulho, imitao de joias, mercadoria inferior, refugo, ouropel
adjective
Showy but worthless: trumpery jewelry
More example sentences
Descriptions of the artist in his painting room up to his ears in the trumpery he had been
collecting for many a year include these panels, which he hoped to use in some way that
may add to their value.
A gipsy boy, with whom I was on friendly terms, used to travel about this part of the
country selling trumpery brooches and ornaments.
Delusive or shallow: that trumpery hope which lets us dupe ourselves
We need not neglect all our work for a trumpery incident of this nature; though I am quite
aware that little things please little minds.
Deploring the damage done by gulfs between creeds and cultures, he opens up a
crevasse between the seemingly serious intent of his novel and the trumpery nature of its
techniques.
worthless: /wls/ adjective
Having no real value or use: that promise is worthless
How could he put a value on something that he believed to be worthless?
(Of a person) having no good qualities; deserving contempt: Joan had been deserted by a
worthless husband

Many people have been told they are worthless or that it is impossible for them to
change.
Without her I would not have developed as a person, would still be convinced that I am
worthless.
worthlessly: /wlsli/ adverb
Do you know how that feels, to be tossed aside worthlessly?
worthlessness: /wlsns/ noun
Regardless of her well-groomed surroundings and well-defined sense of purpose, she
says that early in her career she would stumble on nagging thoughts of worthlessness.
Kind adjective having or showing a friendly, generous, and considerate nature.
she was a good, kind woman.
Noun a group of people or things having similar characteristics.
all kinds of music
synonyms: sort, type, variety, style, form, class, category, genre, genus, species, race, breed,
punctual: When someone is punctual, they do something or arrive at the right time.
My mother hates being late. She is the most punctual person I know.
society: society is people and the way that they live.
society expects people to be good and honest.
gratify: To gratify someone means to please them.
Bonnie was gratified after receiving her gift from her parents
dynasty: A dynasty is a series of rulers who are all from the same family.
The ancient Egyptians had a dynasty that lasted for many years.
supplement: To supplement something is to add something else to it in a good way.
He supplements his diet with fresh fruits.
arrange: To arrange things is to put them in the right place.
Please arrange the bowling pins in order so we can play.
assert: To assert a fact or belief means to state it with confidence.
He asserted that his mothers cooking was better than his best friends.
afirmar, declarar, reivindicar, asseverar, reclamar
secrecy: secrecy is the behavior of keeping things secret.
The secrecy of the big organization made the government nervous.
original: If something is original, it is the first one of that thing.
This is the original painting of the Mona Lisa.

furious: If you are furious, you are extremely angry.

My father was furious when he read my bad school report.
scare: To scare someone is to make them feel afraid.
My uncle was scared by what he saw in the room.
noise: A noise is an unpleasant sound.
The crying baby made a loud noise.
patent: A patent is a right to be the only person allowed to make or sell a new product.
He quickly established a patent for his brilliant invention.
mood: A mood is the way someone is feeling.
I am in a good mood because I did well on my math test.
scorn: To scorn someone means to behave without respect toward them.
The criminal was scorned by everyone in the community.
overwhelm: To overwhelm is to exist in such a large amount that someone cannot deal with it.
The amount of homework her teacher assigned has overwhelmed her.
sobrecarregar
evidence: evidence is a fact or thing that you use to prove something.
He used the pictures as evidence that UFOs are real.
task: A task is a piece of work to be done that is usually difficult.
My task for the weekend was to clean the entire back yard.
task /tsk/ noun
A piece of work to be done or undertaken:
a new manager was given the task of developing the clubs talent
You are not afraid of taking on difficult tasks or ventures that call for skillful manoeuvres.
Children must be at least 13 before they can legally work and even then can only
undertake light tasks.
The staff could be used weekly or monthly to undertake routine and repetitive tasks.
verb [with object]
Assign a task to: NATO troops are tasked with separating the warring parties
While Porter heads for the mainland to get the boat repaired, Sandy is tasked with a load
of chores.
Make great demands on (someones resources or abilities): it tasked his diplomatic skill to effect
his departure in safety
When tasking your resources, make sure the plan is feasible.
Phrases
take someone to task

Reprimand or criticize someone severely for a fault or mistake: he took some military
experts to task for their optimistic predictions
We have had this blip and we do not criticise the PTA for taking us to task about it.
That is the only reason I can think of to explain why he has not been taken to task more
severely by the media.
And some critics will then take us to task for flouting ordinary usage.
meteorology: meteorology is the science that studies the weather.
In order to understand the weather, you have to study meteorology.
mutual: If something is mutual, it is felt in the same way by two or more people.
Robert likes Sarah. The feeling is mutual.,
elementary: When something is elementary, it is the first or most simple thing.
Children go to elementary school before high school.
joint: A joint is a place of the body where the bones meet, such as the knee.
Two important bones in your leg meet at a joint in your knee.
bone: osso, chifre.
pier: A pier is a structure that extends into a body of water.
If you want to catch bigger fish, then go to the far end of the pier.
obscure: If something is obscure, it is not well-known.
The old man travels the world in search of obscure books.
dictate: To dictate something is to read it aloud so it can be written down.
He dictated his speech so his secretary could write it down.
independence: independence is the state of being free from the control of others.
After leaving home, Sophia had a great feeling of independence.
predict: To predict something is to say that it will happen.
She predicted that I would get married next year.
center: The center of something is the middle of it.
The center of a dart board is the most important spot.
Dart:
dart verb /dt/ to move somewhere quickly and suddenly. precipitar-se.
A cat darted across the street.
dart noun /dt/ a small arrow used in the game of darts or as a weapon. dardo.
a tranquillizer dart

darts [no plural] a game played by throwing small arrows at a round board. dardos.
Spot: local, ponto, lugar, mancha, marca, sitio, regiao
bully: A bully is a person who is mean to others.
The two bullies always picked on the smaller, weaker kids.
mean: informal cruel, or unkind Synonimous: feral, cruel, unkind...
Our teachers were just mean.
be mean to someone: Dont be so mean to your sister.
angry and violent
a mean look in his eye
a mean horse
British not willing to spend money. The usual American word is cheap
She was too mean to put the heating on.
Synonyms and related words: Careful with money:thrifty, economical, frugal..
mainly literary typical of the living conditions and environment of poor people
a mean little house
mean streets
Synonyms and related words: Poor:brassic, the poor, impoverished...
maths calculated by adding several numbers together and dividing the total by the original
number of things you added together
Calculate the mean distance travelled.
Synonyms and related words: Words used to describe numbers:annualized, average, binary..
[only before noun] informal excellent, or skilful
She plays a mean game of tennis.
Synonyms and related words: Skilful and able:street, transliterate, able...
Synonyms and related words: Extremely good or of a high quality:excellent, exceptional,
high-grade...
derived words
meanly adverb
meanness noun [uncountable]
Synonyms and related words: Cruel, selfish and unkind behaviour or actions:cruelty, evil,
abuse...
exceed: To exceed is to be more than something.
Since I exceeded my limit, I decided to get rid of my credit cards.
dye: To dye something is to make it a certain color by using a special chemical.
Valery got her hair dyed at the salon yesterday.
perfect: If something is perfect, then it is without any mistakes.
She got all the questions right, so her score was perfect.

cotton: cotton is a cloth made from the fibers of the cotton plant.
I like to wear clothes made from cotton in the summer.
gentleman: A gentleman is a nice man.
My grandfather is a kind and helpful gentleman.
tuck: To tuck something means to put it somewhere so that it is neat or safe.
He looked sloppy without his shirt being tucked into his pants.
botar para dentro
neat: carefully arranged
simple but intelligent
small and pleasing
drink: not mixed
good/nice
Pronunciation: /nit/
adjective
Arranged in a tidy way; in good order: the books had been stacked up in neat piles
(Of a person) habitually tidy, smart, or well organized: her daughter was always neat and clean
Having a pleasing appearance; well formed: Alan noted down the orders in his neat, precise
script
Done with or demonstrating skill or efficiency: a neat bit of deduction
Tending to disregard specifics for the sake of convenience; facile: this neat division does not
take into account a host of associated factors
(Of liquid, especially spirits) not diluted or mixed with anything else: he drank neat Scotch
North American informal Very good; excellent: I took lessons in tracking from this really neat
Indian guide
sloppy: desleixado
smell: To smell something means to use your nose to sense it.
The two friends smelled the flower.
boost: To boost something means to increase or improve it.
Lowering prices boosts customers interest in shopping.
coast: The coast is the land by an ocean.
I stayed on the southern coast of Australia.
testify: To testify means to give evidence as a witness.
The judge listened while the victim testified about the robbery.
straw: A straw is a thin tube that is used to suck liquid into the mouth.
I drank the orange juice through a straw.

drop: To drop is to fall or allow something to fall.

A small amount of water dropped from the bottle.
ambitious: If someone is ambitious, they want to be rich or successful.
Kendra had to be ambitious to get into medical school.
portray: To portray something means to describe it or show it in a picture.
Her picture portrayed the house she grew up in when she was little.
avoid: To avoid something is to stay away from it.
avoid the broken bottle on the floor.
likely: If something likely happens, it will probably happen.
I will likely stay at home and watch TV tonight.
strip: A strip is a long, narrow piece of material or land.
He had long strips of film that held images of his trip abroad.
evil: evil describes something or someone bad or cruel, not good.
The evil figure scared us all.
naval: When something is naval, it relates to a countrys navy or military ships.
The country sent all of its naval forces to protect them.
lush: If something is lush, then it is full of a variety of large, healthy plants.
The lush jungle was filled with plants, trees, and vines.
vine:
happen: If someone happens to do something, they do it by chance.
I happen to meet some new friends at school today.
stab: To stab means to cut someone or something with a sharp object like a knife.
He stabbed the fork into the potato and passed it to his daughter.
tramp: To tramp is to put your feet down in a loud, heavy way as you walk.
The baby tramped across the floor as he was learning to walk.
walk heavily or noisily.
"he tramped around the room"
honor: When you honor people or things, you show respect for them.
I honor my science teacher by working hard in class.

interfere: to interfere is to cause problems and keep something from happening.

My little sister always interferes when I'm trying to study.
intrometer-se
rainforest: A rainforest is a forest that is in a place where it rains very often.
The rainforest is home to many animals.
apart: When people or things are apart, they are not close together.
The couple decided to live apart from each other.
guideline: A guideline is a rule about how to do something.
Before they began the project, the teacher gave them some guidelines.
overcome: To overcome a problem is to successfully fix it.
She overcame her shyness and spoke in front of the class.
I learned to cover my pains and overcame my poverty with hard work and a new hope for my
future.
Glasgow is working hard to overcome these problems and the city is undergoing rapid
economic change.
Many governments are trying to overcome their problems and some are succeeding.
survive: To survive is to stay alive. (despite some danger or illness)
My dog survived her fall into the water.
beyond: If A is beyond B, A is farther away.
John's house is beyond that lake.
acid: An acid is a chemical that can burn or dissolve other substances.
In chemistry class, we mixed two acids together and watched the reaction
prince: A prince is the son of a king.
The prince and the princess were married.
devil: The devil is a powerful evil spirit in some religions.
The church promised protection from the devil.
occur: To occur means to happen.
When did the thunderstorm occur?
terminal: If something is terminal, then it causes or results in death.
Since his condition was not terminal, he felt a great sense of relief.
Relief: noun [no plural] /rlif/ the good feeling that you have when something bad stops or
does not happen. alvio.

It was such a relief when the exams were over.

dive: To dive is to jump into water.
I will dive into the lake once we get there.

4 de abril de 2016
farther adjective, adverb /fr/ comparative of far: more distant. comparativo de far: mais
distante, mais longe.
I couldnt walk any farther.
loud. adjective /lad/ making a lot of noise. alto, forte, sonoro. a loud noise. a loud voice.
loudly /ladli/ adverb. alto, com fora, sonoramente They were all talking loudly.
loudness /ladns/ noun [no plural] intensidade, fora, sonoridade
Flap: To flap means to move quickly up and down or from side to side.
The tiny bird flapped its wings and ate from the flowers.
within: You use within to say that something is inside another thing.
within the box, there was a pizza.
surface: The surface of something is the top part or outside of it.
The surface of the moon is very rough.
predator: A predator is an animal that kills and eats other animals.
The peregrine falcon is a predator that eats fish.
audience: An audience is a group of people who watch something together.
There was a large audience at the game.
federation: A federation is a group of states or businesses working for a common cause.
The United Nations is a federation designed to prevent war, disease, and famine.
famine: noun /fmn/ a lack of food for a long time in a particular place fome
famished: adjective /fmt/ informal: extremely hungry. morto de fome, com fome de leo.
Have some dinner with us you must be famished!
reply: To reply is to give an answer or say back to someone.
She asked him what time his meeting was. He replied, at three.
flee: to flee means to run away from trouble or danger.
The crowd of men tried to flee from the danger.

substitute: To substitute something or someone means to have them take the place of another.
When I ran out of juice, I had to substitute water to drink in the morning.
substance: A substance is any specific material or mixture of materials.
Water is an important substance for all living things.
foster: To foster a feeling or a skill means to help it develop.
She helped foster a sense of calm in the little boy.
glad: If you are glad, you are happy.
I am glad you came to my party.
vain: If people are vain, they are only concerned with how they look.
Rebecca is so vain that she looks at herself in every mirror.
vain adjective /ven/ too interested in your own appearance and thinking you are very
attractive vaidoso
unsuccessful or of no value intil The doctors gave him more powerful drugs in the vain hope
that he might recover.
in vain without any success em vo I tried in vain to start a conversation.
solemn: If something is solemn, then it is serious and honest.
The professor preferred a solemn relationship between him and his students.
Picked:
pick
verb /pk/
to choose something or someone pinar, escolher He was picked for the school football
team.catch up phrasal verb with catch /kt/ verb ( present participle catching, past tense
and past participle caught)
to learn and discuss the newest facts about something
pr o assunto em dia
Lets go out for lunch I want to catch up on all your news.
Ill catch up with you later.
If you pick flowers, fruit, etc., you take them off a tree or out of the ground. colher I picked some
apples this morning.
pick a fight/an argument
to start a fight or argument with someone comear uma briga/uma discusso
pick someones pocket
to steal something from someones pocket bater a carteira de algum
pick
noun [no plural] /pk/
take your pick

 to choose what you want fazer a sua escolha Weve got tea, coffee, or hot chocolate take
your pick.
a sharp metal stick used to break hard ground or rocks. picareta.
describe: To describe is to say or write what someone or something is like.
They described their tree as colorful with gold ribbon and a star.
seizure: A seizure is sudden illness in which the body loses control and shakes.
Bright flashing lights can cause seizures in children.
[C] The cat suffered several seizures after eating some poison.
fatigue: fatigue is a feeling of extreme tiredness.
After three days with little sleep, she was feeling a lot of fatigue.
spade: A spade is a tool used for digging.
The gardener used her spade to make a hole for the seed. p para cavar.
tomb: A tomb is a grave where a dead person is buried.
Their whole family is buried inside the tomb.
grave: noun /rev/
a place in the ground where a dead body is buried. sepultura.
grave adjective /rev/
very serious. grave, srio. grave doubts. a grave mistake.
buried:
bury verb /beri/ ( present participle burying, past tense and past participle buried)
to put a dead body into the ground. enterrar, sepultar. He was buried next to his wife.
to hide something in the ground or under something. enterrar. buried treasure
demand: To demand something is to say strongly that you want it.
The workers demanded to be paid more money.
compose: To compose something is to make it from smaller parts.
Tonya composed her report using many sources of information.
aside: If someone stands aside, they are on or to one side.
The man stood aside and opened the door for me.
fracture: A fracture is a crack or break in something.
Dont stand on that teg because there is afracture. It might get worse.
shield: To shield something is to protect it.
She shielded her eyes from the sun with sunglasses.

palace: A palace is a very large building. It is often the home of a royal family.
The king and queen live in a beautiful palace.
bit: A bit is a small amount of something.
I ate a bit of chocolate before I went to bed.
originate: To originate somewhere is to start there.
The idea of democracy originated in Ancient Greece.
horrified: If you are horrified, you are shocked and feel upset.
I was horrified when I read about the old lady who was attacked.
debris: debris is the small pieces scattered from something wrecked or destroyed.
The debris from the cube scattered on the floor.
persist: To persist means to keep doing something even when it is hard.
Enen though the lesson was difficult, he persisted until he understood.
medicine: medicine is something you take to feel better or treat an illness.
The doctor gave me medicine for my cold.
astounded: If you are astounded, you are very surprised.
I was astounded that Monica won the art competition.
handouts:
handout /handat/ noun
quantity of financial or other material aid given to a person or organization: dependence on
central government handouts
Yet they live from handouts, financed by taxes on our hard-earned income.
As my colleague states, a large part of our salary goes towards our pension every
month, and we are not just given the money as a golden handout from the taxpayer.
The company used the same threat of closure to pressure governments for financial
handouts.
A piece of printed information provided free of charge, especially to accompany a lecture or
advertise something.
A checklist for returning to work is provided in the patient information handout that
accompanies this article.
A patient information handout accompanying Dr. Kligler's article helps explain these
effects.
Looking at the fine print on the election handouts for the Chant and King teams, Shaggy
spotted a familiar name authorising them.
aid /ed/ noun

[mass noun] Help, typically of a practical nature: he saw the pilot slumped in his cockpit and
went to his aid she walked with the aid of a Zimmer frame
Financial or material help given to a country or area in need: 700,000 tons of food aid [as
modifier]: an aid agency
[count noun] A source of help or assistance: exercise is an important aid to recovery after heart
attacks a teaching aid
historical A grant of subsidy or tax to a king or queen.
verb [with object]
Help or support (someone or something) in the achievement of something: women were aided
in childbirth by midwives [no object]: research was conducted to aid in making decisions
Promote or encourage (something): diet and exercise aid healthy skin
aid and abet
in aid of
chiefly British In support of; for the purpose of raising money for: a charity show in aid of
Leukaemia Research
what's (all) this in aid of?
British informal What is the purpose of this?
Origin
Late Middle English: from Old French aide (noun), aidier (verb), based on Latin adjuvare, from
ad- 'towards' + juvare 'to help'.
AID abbreviation Artificial insemination by donor.
gravel noun [no plural] /rvl/
small pieces of stone used to make paths and roads. cascalho.

5 de abril de 2016
a rigor ['rg]: Strictness; difficult situations that come from following rules strictly
rigor noun [U] (Cdn Br rigour) us /rr/
high standards: She studied ways to improve academic rigor in high schools.
rigour noun [uncountable] rigour UK /r(r)/
the quality of being thorough and careful
His arguments display a lack of intellectual rigour.
Synonyms and related words: Careful thought:thought, consideration, assessment...
the quality of being strict or severe
The law was implemented with varying degrees of rigour in different districts.
Synonyms and related words: Strict and severe:strict, severe, stern...
rigour noun [U] (SEVERITY)

 the fact that people are made to follow rules in a very severe way:
They were punished with unusual rigour.
the rigours of sth
the unpleasant or severe conditions of something: They survived the rigours of the winter.
rigour noun [U] (CARE)
formal approving the quality of being detailed, careful, and complete: Her arguments lacked
intellectual rigour.
adjacent ['es()nt] Next to
indisputable [nd'spjutbl] Beyond doubt; unquestionable
indisputable adjective [not gradable] us /ndspjuttbl/
obviously true: an indisputable fact
indisputably
adverb [not gradable] us /ndspjuttbli/
He is indisputably one of the finest baseball players ever
Turtle
turtle noun /ttl/
an animal with four legs and a hard shell that lives mainly in water. tartaruga marinha
Tortoise noun [C] us /trtts/
a turtle, esp. one that lives only on land
solidarity [sl'drt] Standing together despite pressure to move apart
noun [U] us /sldrtti/ uk /sl.dr..ti/
agreement between and support for the members of a group, especially a political group:
The situation raises important questions about solidarity among member states of the UN.
The purpose of the speech was to show solidarity with the country's leaders.
Hundreds of supporters gathered to show solidarity for the three men.
an atheist: ['est] One who does not believe in the existence of a supreme being
a connotation [kn'te()n] A meaning implied, not stated directly
noun [C] uk /kn.te.n/ us /k.nte.n/
a feeling or idea that is suggested by a particular word although it need not be a part of the
word's meaning, or something suggested by an object or situation:
The word "lady" has connotations of refinement and excessive femininity that some women find
offensive.
"Resolute" means stubborn, but with a more positive connotation.
connote verb [T] uk /knt/ us /knot/ formal
To me, chocolate connotes pleasure and indulgence.
a dimension: [d(a)'men()n]

A direction or surface along which something can be measured; an aspect

an anesthesia [ns'iz]
Techniques for reducing sensation and feeling, especially to control pain
an abduction [b'dk()n] Kidnapping
Abduction noun uk /bdk.n/ us /bdk.n/
abduction noun (TAKING PERSON)
[C or U] the act of making a person go somewhere with you, especially using threats or
violence: There has been a series of abductions of young children from schools in the area. He
was charged with abduction.
abduction noun (MOVEMENT OF BODY PART)
[U] specialized medical the movement of a part of the body away from the central part of the
body or from another body part: hip abduction exercises
Adduction noun [U] uk /dk.n/ us /dk.n/ specialized
the movement of a part of the body towards the middle of the body or towards another body
part: An abduction pillow is used to prevent adduction of the hip.
Kidnapping noun /kdnp/
a crime in which someone is kidnapped. sequestro
kidnap verb /kdnp/ ( present participle kidnapping, past tense and past participle
kidnapped)
to take someone away using force. sequestrar
kidnapper /kdnpr/ noun
sequestrador, -ora
to coincide [kun'sad] Happen or exist at the same time
Ancestral [n'sestrl] Relating to family members from earlier generations
Plunge [pln] To go down suddenly; to decrease by a great amount in a short time
plunge
verb /plnd/ ( present participle plunging, past tense and past participle plunged)
to fall or move down very quickly and with force. despencar. He plunged into the water.
to fall very quickly in amount or value. precipitar-se, cair velozmente. Temperatures plunged to
minus 20.
freeway: A freeway is a road with no stops where cars travel at high speeds.
Once you get on the freeway, it only takes an hour to drive to my parents farm.
quite: quite is used to say that something is complete or very much.
I think typing on a keyboard is quite easy.
quite adverb /kwat/

UK. a little or a lot but not completely. um pouco. Im quite tired, but Im happy to walk a little
further.
quite a bit, a few, a lot, etc.
large amount or number. bastante. There are quite a few letters for you here.
completely. completamente. The two situations are quite different.
not quite
almost but not completely no totalmente The colours almost match but not quite.
quite a
used to to say that something is a particularly impressive example of something e tanto It was
quite a remarkable speech. Winning this contest was quite an accomplishment.
echo: To echo means that a sound repeats itself because it bounced off an object.
The child yelled over the canyon, and the wall echoed the sound.
repay: To repay is to pay back or to reward someone or something.
She repayid her friend for all of his hard work with a small gift.
Repay verb /ripe/ ( present participle repaying, past tense and past participle repaid)
to pay back money that you have borrowed. pagar, liquidar. to repay a loan
pathological: When a behavior is pathological, it is extreme, unacceptable, and uncontrollable.
The pathological liar could not even tell the truth about unimportant matters.
Pathological adjective us /pldkl/
(of a person) unreasonable, or unable to control part of his or her behavior: a pathological fear
of heights a pathological liar
of or caused by disease: a pathological laboratory
whisper: To whisper means to say very quietly.
We have to whisper in the library so people can focus on reading.
whisper
verb /wspr/
to speak very quietly so that other people cannot hear. sussurrar, cochichar, falar/dizer em voz
baixa. She whispered something to the girl sitting next to her.
whisper /wspr/ noun
sussurro
set: To set something is to put it somewhere.
Please set the dice down on the table.
outrage: outrage is a very strong emotion of anger or shock.
Tommy was feeling outrage when his parents said he couldnt go to the dance.
ever: ever means at any time.
Going skiing last winter was the most fun I've ever had.

disrupt:To disrupt something or someone is to prevent them from working.

The loud crash disrupted the class lecture.
Disrupt: to interrupt something and stop it from continuing as it should. romper, interromper.
Heavy snow disrupted the citys transport system.
He got into trouble for disrupting the class.
vessel: A vessel is a large ship or boat.
We toured the area aboard a luxury vessel.

6 de abril de 2016
Hip noun /hp/
one of the two parts of your body above your leg and below your waist quadril
arctic: If something is arctic, it is from far north near the North Pole.
It is cold when the arctic winds blow.
prophet: A prophet is a person chosen by a god to give the gods message to people.
Harold believed that he was one of the prophets of his god.
grove: A grove is a small group of trees.
All the trees in this grove are apple trees.
overall: When a thing is talked about overall, the whole thing is considered.
overall, the party was a huge success.
pulse: A pulse is the beat of the heart.
The doctor checked the patient's pulse by feeling his wrist.
laughter: laughter is the sound produced by laughing about something funny.
Susan's joke made her classmates burst into laughter.
attract: To attract means to make a person or thing come closer or be interested.
The magnet attracted the metal.
radical: If something is radical, it is very new or different.
The president is planning to make some radical changes to the law.
string: string is a thin piece of fabric or rope.
I found a large ball of string.
string
noun /str/
very thin rope used for tying things. barbante. a ball of string

 a piece of wire that is part of a musical instrument. corda. guitar. strings

the strings [plural]
the people in a musical group who play instruments with strings, such as the violin. os
instrumentos de corda.
pull strings
to secretly use the influence that you have over important people to get something or to help
someone. exercer influncia, mexer os pauzinhos.
I may be able to pull a few strings, if you need the money urgently.
rope: noun /rp/
very thick, strong string. corda
jump rope US ( UK skip)
to jump over a rope while you or two other people move it over and then under your body
again and again. pular corda. I jump rope for ten minutes every day to keep fit.
cloth: cloth is material used to make clothes.
His shirt is made of a very soft type of cloth.
privacy: To have privacy is to be away from other people.
Please hang the sign on the door so we can have some privacy.
thin: If someone or something is thin, they are not fat.
The man was thin because he didn't eat much.
consume: to consume something means to eat or drink it.
Jack consumed a whole plate of spaghetti.
effect: An effect is a change made by something else.
The medicine had a good effect on the boy.
spill: To spill is to have something fall out of its container.
I spilled the coffee on the table.
spill verb /spl/ ( past tense and past participle UK/US spilled, UK spilt)
If you spill liquid, or if it spills, it goes somewhere you do not want it. derramar, cair.
I spilt wine all over the carpet.
inform: To inform someone is to tell them about something.
I called and informed her about my idea.
rubbish: rubbish is trash or waste.
The floor around the garbage can was covered with all kinds of rubbish.
nutrition: nutrition is the process by which people use food to stay healthy.
It is important to pay attention to nutrition if you want to be an athlete.

crime: A crime is something bad that a person does that can be punished by law.
Police quickly arrived at the scene of the crime.
culinary: If something is culinary, it is related to cooking.
I gained culinary skills after working in a restaurant for many years.
shore: A shore is the edge of a large body of water.
All of the boats were floating near the shore.
shore noun /r/
the area of land along the edge of the sea or a lake; orla
deprive: To deprive someone of something means to not let them have it.
Because the child was bad, she was deprived of her dessert after dinner.
distrust: To distrust someone means to believe that they are not honest.
Dont lend money to someone if you distrust them!
confer: To confer with someone means to discuss something with them to make a decision.
I will have to confer with my wife before I can purchase a new car.
confer verb us /knfr/ (-rr-)
confer verb (TALK)
[I] to talk together and exchange ideas, often with the intention of reaching a decision about
something: I need to confer with my lawyer.
confer verb (GIVE)
[T] to give an honor, official title, or ability to someone:
The US Constitution confers certain powers on the president.
An honorary doctorate was conferred on him by Columbia University.
abuse: To abuse someone or something means to hurt them on purpose.
The mean man abused his dog when it barked too loudly.
band: A band is a group of people who play music.
My brother is in a rock band.
vanity: vanity is excessive pride or love of ones own appearance or things one has done.
Her vanity wont allow her to pass a mirror without looking at herself.
database: A database is a collection of data that is stored in a computer.
The company has a database of all the names and accounts of their customers.
sway: To sway is to move slowly from side to side.
She swayed while she listened to the music.

vulgar: If something or someone is vulgar, then they are rude or lacking in style.
Her vulgar behavior got her into trouble with her parents.
timid: If someone is timid, they are afraid, shy, or nervous.
The timid child hides behind her mother whenever she sees a stranger.
sculpture: A sculpture is a piece of art that is made from wood, clay, or stone.
We saw an old sculpture of Buddha at the museum.
rectify: To rectify something means to correct it.
I quickly rectified the spelling mistakes that I had on my essay.
achieve: To achieve something is to successfully do it after trying hard.
I was happy that I could achieve my goal
engage: To engage in something means to do it.
Dad was engaged in sawing a piece of wood in half.
diverse: When a group of things is diverse, it is made up of a wide variety of things.
Big cities have diverse populations with people of different races and ages.
fuel: fuel is something that creates heat or energy.
Heat is the fuel that comes from fire.
progress: progress is the act of getting closer to doing or finishing something.
Our company made financial progress this year.
thesis: A thesis is an idea that needs to be proved.
She did not support her thesis very well.
Clay: noun [no plural] /kle/
a heavy soil that is hard when it is dry, used for making bricks and containers argila, barro
Heat:
heat noun /hit/
B1 [no plural] the quality of being hot or warm. calor. the heat of his body
B1 the temperature of something. temperatura. Cook over a low heat.
the heat
B1 hot weather or hot conditions. o calor. Id rather stay indoors I dont like the heat.
[no plural] US ( UK heating) the system that keeps a building warm. aquecimento, calefao.
Im cold turn up the heat.
a competition, especially a race, that decides who will be in the final event. prova
classificatria.
verb /hit/ ( also heat up)

 to make something become hot or warm esquentar Ill just heat up some soup.
heater noun /hitr/
B1 a machine that heats air or water. estufa, aquecedor
Saw: noun /s/
a tool with a sharp edge that you use to cut wood or other hard material. serra.
verb /s/ ( past tense sawed, past participle sawn or mainly US sawed)
to cut wood or other hard material using a saw. serrar.
Essay:
essay noun /ese/
B1 a short piece of writing about a subject, especially one written by a student. redao, ensaio,
trabalho escrito.
He wrote an essay on modern Japanese literature.
Barked:
bark verb /bk/
If a dog barks, it makes loud, short sounds. ladrar, latir.
Hang: verb /h/ ( present participle hanging, past tense and past participle hung)
B1 to fasten something so that the top part is fixed but the lower part is free to move, or to be
held in this way. pendurar, estar pendurado.
He hung his coat on the hook behind the door.
A gold necklace hung around her neck.
to kill someone by putting a rope around their neck and making them drop. enforcar.
hang up
phrasal verb with hang /h/ verb ( present participle hanging, past tense and past
participle hung)
B1 to finish talking on the phone. desligar. When I said who I was, she just hung up.
hang out
informal phrasal verb with hang /h/ verb ( present participle hanging, past tense and past
participle hung)
B1 to spend a lot of time in a place or with someone sair com algum I was hanging out with my
friends last night.

Fabric:
fabric noun /fbrk/ cloth. tecido. a light cotton fabric
Sights:
Sight noun /sat/

B1 [no plural] the ability to use your eyes to see. viso. Doctors managed to save his sight.
the act of seeing someone or something. viso. The sight of so much blood shocked him.
something that you see, especially something interesting. imagem. the sights and sounds of
the market.
catch sight of someone/something
to suddenly see someone or something. avistar algum/algo. I caught sight of Tony in the
crowd.
in sight
able to be seen and not hidden vista The towers of the city were now in sight.
out of sight
hidden fora do alcance da viso, escondido She kept out of sight behind a tree.
the sights [plural]
B1 the beautiful or interesting places in a city or country. os lugares de interesse. He took me
around New York and showed me the sights.
at first sight
the time when you first see or hear about something or someone primeira vista It may, at first
sight, seem a surprising choice.
look a sight
to look ridiculous or in a bad state estar um horror You look a sight!
out of sight, out of mind
said to emphasize that when something or someone cannot be seen, it is easy to forget them
o que os olhos no no veem, o corao no sente
Leaf: noun /lif/ ( plural leaves /livz/)
B1 a flat, green part of a plant that grows from a stem or branch. folha. an oak leaf the falling
leaves
chance:
noun /tns/
B1 the possibility that something will happen chance, oportunidade Theres a chance that shell
still be there. She has a small chance of passing the exam.
B1 the opportunity to do something chance, , oportunidade I didnt get a chance to talk to you at
the party.
B1 [no plural] the way something happens because of luck, or without being planned acaso I
saw her by chance.
a risk risco Theres a chance of injury in almost any sport.
stand a chance
to have a chance of success or of doing something good ter uma chance He stands a good
chance of winning.
chances are
it is likely o mais provvel que Chances are that hell say no.
no chance!
used to say that there is no possibility of something happening nem pensar Are you going to
lend her any money? No chance!

wrist: noun /rst/

the part of your body between your hand and your arm pulso
stew: noun /stju/
food made of vegetables and meat cooked together in liquid. carne ensopada com vegetais.
a plate of beef stew
cut:
verb /kt/ ( present participle cutting, past tense and past participle cut)
A2 to use a knife or other sharp tool to divide something or make a hole in something cortar Cut
the meat into small pieces. He cut the piece of wood in half. I had my hair cut last week.
cut something/yourself
B1 to hurt a part of your body on a sharp object that makes you bleed cortar algo/cortar-se She
cut her finger on some broken glass.
to reduce the size or amount of something cortar, reduzir Prices have been cut by 25 percent.
to remove part of a movie or piece of writing cortar The movie was too long, so they cut some
scenes.
Yelled:
yell: verb /jel/
to shout something very loudly. gritar, berrar. The policeman yelled at them to stop.
yell /jel/ noun
grito, berro

7 de abril de 2016
neck: noun /nek/
A2 the part of the body between your head and your shoulders. pescoo.
necklace noun /nekls/
A2 a piece of jewellery that you wear around your neck. colar. a pearl necklace.
fasten verb /fsn/
B1 to close or attach something. fechar, abotoar. Fasten your seat belts.
to attach one thing to another. prender, amarrar, segurar, fixar. He fastened the shelf to the
wall.
wire noun /war/
thin metal thread, used to fasten things or to make fences, cages, etc. arame
a long, thin piece of metal thread, usually covered in plastic, that carries electricity fio eltrico
electrical wires

burst
verb /bst/ ( past tense and past participle burst)
If a container bursts, or if you burst it, it breaks suddenly, so that what is inside it comes out.
romper, estourar. A water pipe burst and flooded the cellar. He burst all the balloons.
burst into tears
to suddenly start crying cair no choro She burst into tears and ran away.
burst out laughing
to suddenly start laughing cair na gargalhada
burst into flames
to suddenly start burning arder em chamas
resolute adjective us /rezlut/
determined in character, action, or ideas: I admired her resolute optimism in those difficult
times.
resoluto, decidido, firme, resolvido, corajoso, brioso
resolutely adverb us /rezlutli, rezlut-/
She resolutely refuses to lower her standards.
stubborn adjective /stbn/
never changing your ideas, plans, etc. even when you should. teimoso, obstinado
stubbornly /stbnli/ adverb teimosamente
stubbornness /stbnns/ noun [no plural] teimosia
shelf: noun [C] us /elf/ (plural shelves /elvz/ )
a long, flat board hung on a wall or supported by a frame or cabinet, used to hold objects:
Her shelves are filled with books and photographs.
estante, prateleira
Idioms
on the shelf: delayed: Plans to start a free film series have been put on the shelf.
not noticed or not used: It's important to apply research in a practical way and not leave it on the
shelf.
mainly UK informal. If someone, usually a woman, is on the shelf, she is not married and is
considered too old for anyone to want to marry her:
In those days, if you hadn't married by the time you were 30, you were definitely on the shelf.
A shelf is a place on a wall where you put things.
I keep my clothes on a shelf in my closet
Jewellery: noun [no plural] UK ( US jewelry) /dulri/
A2 objects made from gold, silver, or precious stones that you wear for decoration. joias
stem: noun /stem/
the long, thin part of a plant that the leaves and flowers grow on. Talo

Litter noun [no plural] /ltr/

pieces of paper and other waste that are left in public places lixo Please pick up any litter you
see in the park. Please use the litter bin (= a container that is used for rubbish) provided.
dial: A dial is the front of a clock.
I looked at the dial to see what time it was.
rack: A rack is an object with shelves that holds things.
He stored his tools on a rack.
anemia: anemia is a blood condition that causes a person to be pale and tired.
When she first developed anemia, she became tired often.
spectator: A spectator is someone who watches something, especially a sports event.
There were thousands of spectators at the big game.
eternal: If something is eternal, then it lasts forever.
She said that her love for him was eternal.
Last: adjective, determiner /lst/
last week, year, Monday, etc.
A1 the week, year, Monday, etc. before the present one. semana passada, ano passado,
segunda-feira passada, etc. I went to Barcelona last month.
A2 the most recent. ltimo. What was the last movie you saw? Its rained for the last three days.
A2 Your last book, house, job, etc. is the one before the one that you have now. ltimo My last
house was half this size.
A2 happening or coming at the end ltimo Its the last room on the left. Thats the
last programme of the series. I was the last person to arrive. Opposite first adj
B1 only remaining ltimo Who wants the last piece of cake?
the last person, thing, etc.
a person or thing that you do not want or expect a ltima pessoa, coisa, etc. Three extra
people to feed thats the last thing I need!
last
adverb /lst/
B1 used to talk about the most recent time you did something por ltimo When did you last see
her? I think it was July when I last spoke to him.
after everything or everyone else por ltimo I came last in the race. Weve still got
to check the figures but well do that last. Opposite first adv
last but not least
something you say before you say the last person or thing on a list por ltimo mas no menos
importante This is Jeremy, this is Olivia and, last but not least, this is Eva.
last

noun, pronoun /lst/

at last
B1 finally finalmente At last Ive found a jacket I like.
the last
a person or thing that comes after all the others o ltimo, a ltima We were the last to get
there.
the last of something
the only part of something that remains o restante de algo Weve just finished the last of the
wine.
last
verb /lst/
B1 to continue to happen or exist durar How long will the meeting last? The batteries last about
ten hours. Enjoy the sun while it lasts!
to be enough for a period of time durar Weve got enough food to last a week.
Least: adjective, adverb, pronoun us /list/
less than anything or anyone else; (of) the smallest amount or number; superlative oflittle : I
m not the least bit concerned.
Thats the answer I least wanted to hear.
Which car costs the least?
tidy: When something is tidy, it is clean and in order.
Leon has always been a very tidy boy.
consequent: consequent means happening because of a different situation.
Her consequent rash came after she touched the ivy.
ivy noun [no plural] /avi/
a dark green plant that grows up walls. hera
an evergreen plant (= one that never loses its leaves) that often grows up trees or buildings:
Ivy covered the broken walls.
Variegated ivy is a popular choice for covering fences.
recipe: A recipe is a set of instructions to make food.
The apple cake that you made is really tasty. Can I have the recipe, please?
famous: If someone or something is famous, they are known to many people.
The Eiffel Tower in Paris is very famous.
recruit: To recruit people means to select them to join or work for an organization.
We successfully recruited someone to be the new manager.
sail: To sail is to move a boat on the water.

 I love to sail my boat on the lake.

globe: The globe refers to the Earth.
Water covers most of the globe.
clone: A clone is an identical copy of a living creature.
Scientists recently made a clone of a sheep.
Lightning noun [U] us /ltn/
lightning noun [U] (ELECTRIC FLASH)
a flash of bright light in the sky produced by electricity moving within or between clouds, or
between clouds and the ground: That tree was struck by lightning in a recent thunderstorm.
lightning bolt (also bolt of lightning)
A lightning bolt or bolt of lightning is a particular flash of bright light seen in the sky.
Lightning adjective [not gradable] us /ltn/
lightning adjective [not gradable] (FAST)
very fast: She moves at lightning speed.
repetido: more exemples
lightning noun [U] uk /lat.n/ us /lat.n/
B1 a flash of bright light in the sky that is produced by electricity moving between clouds or from
clouds to the ground: thunder and lightning a flash/bolt of lightning That tree was struck by
lightning. She changed her clothes with lightning speed (= extremely quickly).
Fractals are used in the study of things like forked lightning and to produce some types
of computer graphics.
The computer failure was due to a glitch caused by lightning.
The lightning had damaged the plane's instruments, and they weren't giving any
readings.
Have you ever been struck by lightning?
A special system prevents the circuitry being tripped accidentally by a power surge or
lightning strike.
bind: To bind is to bring people together.
The victims of the flood were bound by their need to help each other.
fro: If something moves to and fro, it moves backward and forward or side to side.
Her long hair went to and fro as she swung on the swing.
swing verb /sw/ ( present participle swinging, past tense and past participle swung)
to move smoothly backwards and forwards, or to make something do this balanar(-se) She
swings her arms when she walks.
swing verb us /sw/ (past tense and past participle swung /sw/ )
swing verb (MOVE SIDEWAYS)

 [I/T] to move easily to one direction and then to the other from a fixed point, or to cause
something to move this way: [I] He hung upside down and swung back and forth. [I] The heavy
door swung open. [T] Campanella knew how to swing a bat. [T] He swung the car into the
garage.
swing verb (CHANGE)
[I] to change from one condition or attitude to another: The company swung from record profits
last year to huge losses this year.
swing verb (BE EXCITING)
[I] dated slang to be exciting, enjoyable, and active
swing verb (ARRANGE)
[T] infml to arrange to obtain or achieve something: The kids need new clothes, and I dont see
how I can swing it.
Phrasal verbs
swing around
swing at someone/something
swing noun us /sw/
swing noun (MUSIC)
[U] a form of jazz music that was popular esp. in the 1930s and 1940s
swing noun (CHANGE)
[C] a usually sudden change: Hes very creative but prone to mood swings.
swing noun (SIDEWAYS MOVEMENT)
[C] a swinging movement: Scott took a big swing at the ball and missed.
[C] A swing is also an attempt to hit someone: This guy took a swing at me.
[C] A swing is also a seat that moves backward and forward and hangs from ropes or chains.
[C] A swing can also be a brief trip: Ed took a 10-day swing through France.
intermittent
If something is intermittent, then it happens in a way that is not constant.
It was hard to focus because intermittent noises came from the workers outside.
apply: To apply something means to put it on.
She always applies makeup to her face before going outside.
capture: to capture someone or something is to catch them.
James tried to capture the bubbles in his hands.
columnist: A columnist is a writer who creates articles about a particular subject.
The columnist won praise for his articles about life on the farm.
infect: To infect someone means to give them an illness.
The common cold infects hundreds of millions of people each year.
viable: When something is viable, it is capable of doing what it is intended to do.

 Her method of solving the math problem seemed viable

deception: deception is the act of lying or tricking someone.
The magic looked very real, but it was only deception.
deception noun /dsepn/
the act of deceiving someone by making them believe something that is not true. engano,
engodo.
He was found guilty of obtaining money by deception.

consequence: A consequence is a result of a choice or action.

As a consequence of missing my bus, I had to find another way to work.
tool:A tool is something that helps you do a task.
We used a tool to fix the window.
fund: A fund is an amount of money that people have.
We all put money into our club's fund.
deteriorate: To deteriorate means to become steadily worse.
The nations economy continued to deteriorate despite the politicians efforts.
forage: To forage means to look around for food.
Many animals hide food in the fall since little can be foraged in winter.
toss: if you toss something, you throw it softly.
He tossed a coin into the air.
verb /ts/
to throw something somewhere carelessly. jogar. He read the letter quickly, then tossed it into
the bin.
spatial: When something is spatial, it relates to the position and size of things.
He was asked where the books were located to test his spatial ability.
hemisphere: A hemisphere is one half of the earth.
In the northern hemisphere, the weather is usually warmest in July and August.
adopt: To adopt someone is to make them as a part of one's own family.
The girl was adopted by the couple when she was three.
sane: If someone is sane, they can think in a normal way.
Oliver does not act like a sane person when he is angry.
stool: A stool is a seat with legs but no support for a persons arms and back.

 I dont find stools very comfortable to sit on.

genome: A genome is the collection of all the genes in a living thing.
Understanding the human genome may help cure many diseases.
caterpillar: A caterpillar is a small insect that looks like a worm and eats plants.
After eating a lot of leaves, caterpillars change into butterflies.
nurture: To nurture something means to care for it as it grows or develops.
Robert nurtured his plants, and that is why they grow so well.
slap: To slap someone means to hit them with the palm of the hand.
Out of anger, Helen slapped Eunice on the face.
longevity: longevity is the ability to live for a long time.
Sea turtles have an amazing longevity
attempt: To attempt something is to try to do that thing.
I am attempting to learn English
alive: If someone or something is alive, they are not dead.
My grandparents are still alive even though they are over 90.
driveway: A driveway is a short private road that leads to a person's home.
The long driveway led us to their new house.
remainder: the remainder of something is what is left.
He took a bite of the apple, then gave me the remainder of it
dispute: A dispute is an argument or disagreement that people have.
Karen and Brian often have disputes about silly things.
silly: adjective us /sli/
showing a lack of thought or judgment; not serious and not showing much intelligence: a silly
grin I watched another silly movie last night.
silliness noun [U] us /slins/
Its time to stop the silliness and get serious.
magazzine: A magazine is a regular publication with news, stories, and articles.
She likes to read fashion magazines.
cardinal: If a rule or quality is cardinal, then it is the most important one.
Raising your hand in the classroom before you speak is a cardinal rule.

grumble: To grumble means to complain.

He grumbled about having to work late on Friday.
dense: If something is dense, it has a lot of things close together.
I easily became lost in the dense forest.
grateful: When you are grateful for something, you are happy that it happened.
The girls were grateful to have a chance to spend time with their grandfather.
aspect: An aspect is one part or feature of something.
I thought about the different aspects of owning two dogs.
fault: A fault is a mistake.
It is my fault that the cat ran away. I left the door open.
commodity: A commodity is something that can be bought or sold.
Frans uncle made most of his money trading commodities.
proponent: A proponent is a person who supports an idea or a plan.
He was a proponent of using environmentally friendly products.
exterior: an exterior is the outside surface of something.
The exterior of the nut was hard and woody, but the inside was soft and delicious.
sore: When a part of your body is sore, it hurts.
After lifting the heavy box, Mona's back was sore.
sore adjective /sr/
B1 painful, especially when touched dodo, dolorido a sore throat Her eyes were red and sore.
soreness /sns/ noun [no plural]
dor
devoid: adjective [not gradable] US /dvd/
devoid of: desprovido de.
Someone or something is devoid of something when it is completely lacking:
He seems to be devoid of any feeling for his parents.
> to lack or be without something that is necessary or usual:
Their apartment is devoid of all comforts.
He seems to be devoid of compassion.
surrender: To surrender something is to give it up. render-se, entregar-se.
The thief surrendered the money to the police when he was caught.
Surrender verb us /srendr/
surrender verb (ACCEPT DEFEAT)

 [I] to stop fighting and accept defeat: They would rather die than surrender.
surrender verb (GIVE)
[T] to give something that is yours to someone else, usually because you have been forced to
do
so: U.S. Magistrate Celeste Bremer restricted Gruenwalds travel and ordered that he surrender
his passport.
surrendernoun [C/U] us /srendr/
an agreement to stop fighting and accept defeat: [C] Robert E. Lees surrender, which ended
the Civil War, was one of the most important events in American history.
concience: Your conscience is your inner sense of what is right and wrong.
I recycle everything I can, so my conscience is clear!
chief: A chief is the leader of a group of people.
The chief led the people through the mountains.
challenge: A challenge is something difficult to complete.
It was a challenge to climb to the top of the mountain.
overseas adjective, adverb [not gradable] us /ovrsiz/
in, from, or to countries that are across the sea: The Air Force was recalling troops from
overseas bases. Ive had to travel overseas fairly often.
We need to open up overseas markets. There are a lot of overseas students studying at our
college. My brother is a student overseas. Many more people go/travel/live/work overseas these
days.
adjective /vsiz/ from another country estrangeiro, exterior an overseas student
overseas /vsiz/ adverb no exterior He worked overseas.
proliferation [prlf're()n]
An increase in the number of something and in the number of places it can be found
contrary ['kntr()r] Opposite
intuitively [n'tjutvl] By means of a natural sense about things that are hard to observe
entrepreneurial [ntrpr'nrl ]; [ntrpr'njurl]
Able to create business opportunities from a wide variety of circumstances
to haggle ['hgl] To argue back and forth about a price
verb /hl/ ( present participle haggling, past tense and past participle haggled)
to argue, especially about the price of something. pechinchar

I spent 20 minutes haggling over the price of the car.

obnoxious [b'nks] Bothersome; doing small things that others dont like
obnoxious adjective us /bnks, b-/
very unpleasant or offensive: Cant you express your opinions without being obnoxious?
disapproving
very unpleasant or rude: Some of his colleagues say that he's loud and obnoxious.
When she's in a bad mood she's obnoxious to everyone.
obnoxiously
adverb uk /bnk.s.li/ us /bnk.s.li/
obnoxiously arrogant/drunk
obnoxiousness
noun [U] uk /bnk.s.ns/ us /bnk.s.ns/
bothersome adjective uk /b..sm/ us /b..sm/ old-fashioned
annoying or causing trouble: a bothersome little man. bothersome noise.
Bothersome family obligations keep interfering with my plans.
bother verb /br/
A2 to annoy someone by talking to them when they are busy
aborrecer, incomodar, amolar, atrapalhar
Dont bother your father when hes working.
to worry or upset someone
preocupar, aborrecer, incomodar, amolar
Im used to living by myself it doesnt bother me.
to make the effort to do something
preocupar-se
He didnt even bother to call.
cant be bothered informal
If you cant be bothered to do something, you are too lazy or tired to do it
no estou, est, etc. nem a
I cant be bothered to iron my clothes.

to resist [r'zst] To refuse to give in to a strong force or desire

deviant ['divnt] In a style that is not normal and is offensive to many
deviant adjective us /divint/
differing from the accepted standard
used to describe a person or behaviour that is not usual and is generally considered to be
unacceptable
deviance
noun [U] us /divins/

inheritance [n'hert()ns] Things passed down to you from your ancestors

inheritance noun [C usually singular, U] uk /nher..tns/ us /nher..tns/
inheritance noun [C usually singular, U] (FROM DEAD PERSON)
C2 money or objects that someone gives you when they die: The large inheritance from his aunt
meant that he could buy his own boat. At 21 she came into her inheritance (= it was given to
her).
inheritance noun [C usually singular, U] (QUALITY)
a physical or mental characteristic inherited from your parents, or the process by which this
happens: genetic inheritance A particular gene is responsible for the inheritance of eye colour.
esthetically [is'thetk()l] In a way that relates to beauty or appearance

8 de abril de 2016
wing noun /w/
B1 one of the two parts that a bird or insect uses to fly
asa
one of the two long, flat parts at the sides of a plane that make it stay in the sky
asa
a part of a large building that is connected to a side of the main part
ala
His office is in the west wing of the White House.
whenever conjunction /wenevr/
B1 every time or at any time
sempre que, quando
You can go whenever you want.
cheeky adjective /tiki/ ( comparative cheekier, superlative cheekiest) UK
rude, often in a funny way. descarado, atrevido.
a cheeky little boy.
cheekily /tikli/ adverb
descaradamente
cheek noun /tik/
B1 one of the two soft parts of your face below your eyes. bochecha.
Tears ran down his cheeks.
[no plural] mainly UK rude behaviour that shows you do not respect someone.
atrevimento, cara de pau.
She had the cheek to ask me to pay for her!

Ensue: verb [I] US /nsu/

to happen after something else, esp. as a result of it:
Chaos ensued when 60 charter schools run by one company were all suddenly closed.
After his outburst, a long silence ensued.
ensue: To ensue means to happen after something.
After a few minutes of lightening, thunder ensued.
profit: A profit is the extra money you make when you sell something.
I made a small profit from selling my old clothes.
scholar: A scholar is a person who studies something and knows much about it.
The scholar knew much about art history.
scholar noun /sklr/
someone who has studied a subject and knows a lot about it
erudito, -a, estudioso, -a
a legal scholar
pill: A pill is a small object that has medicine inside.
She took a pill for her headache.
reed: reeds are tall and skinny plants that grow in groups near water.
The sun set behind the reeds of the lakes shore.
a tall, stiff plant like grass that grows near water
junco, cana, canio
conduct: conduct is the way that someone acts.
She was punished for her bad conduct.
chronology: The chronology of a series of past events is when they happened.
We learned the chronology of World War II in history class.
audit: To audit means to inspect financial records from a person or business.
The government usually audits companies that report lower than usual incomes.
fortunate: If you are fortunate, you are lucky.
I was fortunate to get a seat.
dismiss: To dismiss something is to say it is not important.
He quickly dismissed my idea about a new project.
collapse: To collapse is to fall down suddenly.
The tree collapsed right in front of our house.
chase: To chase someone or something is to follow them in order to catch them.
I was chased by an angry native.

verb /tes/ ( present participle chasing, past tense and past participle chased)
to run after someone or something in order to catch them or it
caar, correr atrs de, enxotar
The dog was chasing a rabbit.
plaster: plaster is a smooth paste that gets hard when it dries.
He used plaster to fill in the cracks in the old walls.
noun /plstr/
[no plural] a substance that is spread on walls in order to make them smooth
reboco, argamassa, estuque, massa corrida
UK ( US bandage) a thin piece of material that you stick to the skin to cover a small cut
esparadrapo, band-aid
UK ( also US/UK cast) a hard, white substance that protects a broken bone while it repairs
itself
gesso
My leg was in plaster for about six weeks.
midst: The midst of something is the middle of it.
She was in the midst of cleaning when the telephone rang.
sensitive: When someone or something is sensitive, they are easily hurt.
My teeth are sensitive to cold things.
raise: To raise something is to lift it up.
We had to work together to raise the last piece.
climate: A climate is the usual weather in a place.
The climate in the desert is very hot.
sorrow: sorrow is a very sad feeling.
The girl felt sorrow after her best friend moved away.
tone: tone is the sound of someone's voice. It shows how they feel.
My father's tone told me I had broken the rule
physical: If something is physical, it is related to your body and not your mind.
Biking is good for your physical health.
junior: If someone is junior in their job, they do not have a lot of power.
When she started at the company, she was only a junior manager.
project: A project is a type of work that you do for school or a job.
His afternoon work project was to paint the room green.

afternoon:
provision: The provision of something is the act of giving it to people in need or want.
That department is responsible for the provision of emergency supplies.
mock: To mock someone means to tease them in a cruel way.
The girls mocked Nancy because she was a new student.
blizzard: A blizzard is a severe snow storm with strong winds. nevasca.
We did not dare to go outside during the terrible blizzard.
We didnt get out for three days after the blizzard was over.
blizzard noun (LARGE AMOUNT)
[S] informal. a large amount of something that arrives or is produced together in a confusing or
badly organized way:
a blizzard of statistics/handouts
pneumonia: pneumonia is a dangerous illness causing the lungs to fill with liquid.
Elaine got pneumonia after playing outside in the rain without a coat.
starve: If a person starves, they do not get enough to eat and sometimes die.
During the war, many people starved.
wag: verb /w/ ( present participle wagging, past tense and past participle wagged)
If a dog wags its tail, it moves it from side to side.
abanar
(especially of a tail or finger) to move from side to side or up and down, especially quickly and
repeatedly, or to cause this to happen:
The little dog's tail wagged in delight.
He wagged his finger sternly at the two boys.
ongoing: If something is ongoing, then it is still happening or still growing.
The development of plants is ongoing because it takes time for them to mature.
surgery: surgery is medical treatment when the doctor cuts open your body.
I needed surgery to repair my leg after the accident.
lung noun /l/
one of the two parts inside your chest that are used for breathing. pulmo.
lung cancer
There's a high correlation between smoking and lung cancer.
The knife went through his ribs and punctured his lung.
Scientists have established the relationship between lung cancer and smoking.
She underwent an operation on a tumour in her left lung last year.
The X-ray showed a slight irregularity in one lung.

significance: The significance of something is the quality that makes it important.

The significance of the snowy weather was that we didnt have to go to school.
artery: An artery is a tube that takes blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
Eating healthily keeps your arteries clean, so blood can flow with ease.
slab: A slab is a large, thick, flat piece of stone, concrete, metal, or wood.
I looked at various slabs of stone to decorate my house.
a thick, flat piece of something, especially stone. bloco.
a slab of concrete
beam: A beam is a heavy bar.
Modern skyscrapers are made with several beams.
a line of light that shines from something. raio, feixe de luz.
a laser beam
a long, thick piece of wood that supports weight in a building. viga (de madeira).
atmosphere: The atmosphere is the air around the Earth where weather conditions form.
Scientists worry that harmful substances are hurting the atmosphere.
curious: When you are curious about something , you want to know more about it.
I opened up the clock because I was curious about how it worked.
comment: To comment means to say something that shows your personal opinion.
Tom commented on the poor quality of the food.
reconcile: To reconcile means to return to a friendly relationship.
After arguing, the two friends were reconciled with each other.
scowl: verb /skal/
to look at someone angrily
lanar um olhar mal-humorado, franzir as sobrancelhas
He scowled at me from behind his paper.
verdict noun /vdkt/
a decision in a court of law saying if someone has committed a crime
veredito
a guilty verdict
embezzle verb /mbezl/
to steal money that belongs to the company or organization that you work for
desviar, apropriar-se fraudulentamente de
embezzlement /mbezlmnt/ noun [no plural]

 desvio de fundos, desfalque, estelionato

embezzler /mbezlr/ noun
defraudador, estelionatrio
lazy: adjective /lezi/ ( comparative lazier, superlative laziest)
A2 Someone who is lazy does not like working.
preguioso
Hes too lazy to make his bed in the morning.
laziness /lezins/ noun [no plural]
preguia
Tyrant: A tyrant is someone who treats people in a cruel, harsh, and unfair way.
Our boss is a tyrant. He makes us work long hours for little pay.
tyrant noun /tarnt/
someone who has too much power and uses it in a cruel way. tirano, -a

9 de abril de 2016
coach: A coach is a person who teaches sports.
My coach gets very excited during games.
legend: A legend is a story from the past.
There is a well-known legend about a king and his queen.
arr: If something is explicit, it is very clear, open, and truthful.
The man gave a very explicit account of the car accident.
admit: To admit something means to say that it is true.
I had to admit that I stole his idea.
devote: To devote time to something means to spend a lot of time doing it.
She devotes two hours a day to playing the piano.
sociology: sociology is the study of human society, its organizations, and problems.
sociology teaches that peoples problems are a result of their society.
far: f something is far, it is not close.
It's far going from the east coast to the west coast of America.
enable: To enable a person is to make it possible for them to do something.
Having the key enabled us to open the door.

calculate: To calculate is to find an answer using math.

I calculated how much money I would need to buy the car.
fluent: If someone is fluent in a language, then they are able to speak it very well.
She was so fluent in German that youd have thought she was from Germany.
agression: aggression is behavior that is mean or violent to others.
The problem was only made worse by Marks aggression.
subtle: When something is subtle, it is not easy to see or notice.
The handsome man has a subtle smile.
subtle adjective /stl/
not obvious or easy to notice. sutil, delicado, suave. a subtle change.
cramp: A cramp is a strong pain caused by a muscle after a lot of physical use.
After the marathon, Jenny got a terrible cramp in her calf muscle.
cramp noun /krmp/
a sudden, strong pain in a muscle that makes it difficult to move. cibra. Ive got cramp in my
legs.
accurate: If something is accurate, it is completely correct.
The story in the newspaper wasnt very accurate.
mash: To mash something is to crush it so that it is soft.
We mashed the hard potatoes and served them for dinner.
to crush food until it is soft
amassar, fazer pur de
mashed vegetables
negligible: If something is negligible, it is extremely small and not important.
The amount she owed was negligible. It was less than ten cents.
hygiene: hygiene is the conditions or methods needed for health and cleanliness.
People who brush their teeth at least twice a day are practicing good hygiene.
festive: When something is festive, it is happy and related to a party or celebration.
Deans favorite part of Christmas is the festive clothing that people wear.
oversee: To oversee something means to make sure that it is being done properly.
His job was to oversee the progress of the construction project.
conform: to conform to rules or laws is to obey them.
The new student had to conform to the schools dress code.

wreck: To wreck something means to destroy or ruin it.

The teenagers wrecked the house for no reason at all
flag: A flag is a piece of colored cloth that represents something.
Our country has a beautiful flag.
hospitable: If someone is hospitable, they are friendly to strangers.
At dinner, Dad was very hospitable to my friends.
grind: To grind something means to break it into very small pieces or powder.
She wanted to grind the beans, so she could brew some coffee.
steep: If something is steep, then its slope or angle rises or falls sharply.
He rode his bike up the steep hill to reach the top.
steep adjective /stip/
B1 A steep slope, hill, etc. goes up or down very quickly. empinado, ngreme. The hill was too
steep to cycle up.
steeply /stipli/ adverb
abruptamente, vertiginosamente
subconscious: When something is subconscious, it is done without thinking about it.
Breathing is one of the subconscious things that the body does.
version: A version is an account of something that differs slightly from the original.
She read the students British version of the Chinese fairy tale.
opportunity: An opportunity is a chance to do something.
I had an opportunity to take pictures in the jungle.
shut verb /t/ ( present participle shutting, past tense and past participle shut)
A2 to close something, or to become closed. fechar. Shut the door. He lay back and shut his
eyes. The door shut with a bang.
A2 When a shop, restaurant, etc. shuts, it stops serving customers and does not allow people to
enter. fechar. The museum shuts at four oclock on Fridays.
keep your mouth shut. informal
to stop talking. calar(-se). Just shut your mouth and stop whining!
shutter: shutters are wooden or metal covers in front of a window.
Mr. Smith closed the shutters every night to make his bedroom dark.
shutter noun /tr/
a wooden or metal cover on the outside of a window. veneziana.
the part at the front of a camera that opens quickly to let in light when you take a photograph.
obturador.

compensate: To compensate is to pay someone for the time they spent doing something.
Her boss compensated her for the extra work she did last week.

11 de abril de 2016
slope noun /slp/
a surface or piece of land that is high at one end and low at the other. ladeira, declive.
Theres a steep slope to climb before were at the top.
overload: verb [T] UK /.vld/ US /o.vlod/
C1 to put too many things in or on something:
Don't overload the washing machine, or it won't get the clothes clean.
to put too much electricity through an electrical system
C2 to give someone more work or problems than they can deal with:
Try not to overload yourself with work.
overload: noun [C or U] UK /.v.ld/ US /o.v.lod/
C2 the fact that something or someone is overloaded:
People today suffer from information overload (= being given too much information).
There was an overload on the electrical circuit and the fuse blew.
catch up phrasal verb with catch /kt/ verb ( present participle catching, past tense and
past participle caught)
to learn and discuss the newest facts about something. pr o assunto em dia.
Lets go out for lunch I want to catch up on all your news.
Ill catch up with you later.
catch up (with someone/something)
phrasal verb with catch /kt/ verb ( present participle catching, past tense and past
participle caught)
to reach the same level or quality as someone or something else. alcanar (algum/algo)
Shes doing extra work to catch up with the rest of the class.
to reach someone or something that is in front of you by moving faster. alcanar (algo/algum).
We soon caught up with the car in front.
catch: verb /kt/ ( present participle catching, past tense and past participle caught)
A1 to stop something that is moving through the air by getting it in your hands. apanhar.
Try to catch the ball.
A1 to get on a bus, train, etc. pegar (nibus, trem, etc.)
I caught the last train home.
A2 to get an illness or disease. pegar (doena).
I think I caught a cold from her.

B1 to find and stop a person or animal who is trying to escape

He ran after the dog, but couldnt catch him.
catch someones attention, interest, etc.
apanhar, pegar
to make someone notice something and feel interested
atrair a ateno, o interesse, etc. de algum
All the noise in the street caught his attention.
to discover someone who is doing something wrong or something secret
apanhar em flagrante
She was caught cheating in the exam.
( also get caught) to stick somewhere, or to make something stick somewhere
ficar preso, apanhar, pegar
My dress got caught on a nail and tore.
nail: noun /nel/
a thin piece of metal with a sharp end, used to join pieces of wood together. prego.
a hammer and nails
the hard part at the end of your fingers and toes. unha.
She bites her nails.
stick verb /stk/ ( past tense and past participle stuck)
B1 to become joined to something else or to make something become joined to something else,
for example with a substance like glue. colar, grudar.
The book got wet and the pages all stuck together.
She had stuck a lot of photos on her wall.
If you stick something sharp somewhere, you push it into something. enfiar.
She stuck the needle into his arm.
to become fixed in one position and not be able to move
grudar, emperrar, travar, empacar
The drawer had stuck and I couldnt open it.
informal to put something somewhere
pr
You can stick your bag under the table.
stick noun /stk/
B1 a long, thin piece of wood from a tree. pau, vara.
B1 a long, thin piece of wood that is used for a particular purpose. bengala, basto, taco.
a walking stick
a hockey stick
mild adjective /mald/
B1 If the weather in winter is mild, it is not cold. temperado, ameno.
Mild food does not have a strong taste. suave.
a mild curry

mild salsa
Opposite hot
mildness /maldns/ noun [no plural] suavidade
mildness of manner
spine noun /span/
a long line of bones in a persons or animals back. coluna vertebral.
worsen verb [I or T] UK /w.sn/ US /w.sn/
C1 to become worse or to make something become worse:
As the company's financial problems worsened, several directors resigned.
The continued supply of arms to the region will only worsen the situation.
worsening adjective UK /w.sn./ US /w.sn./
the country's worsening political situation
worsening noun [S] UK /w.sn./ US /w.sn./
Worryingly, the survey shows a worsening of child health.
mumble verb /mmbl/ ( present participle mumbling, past tense and past participle
mumbled)
to speak too quietly and not clearly. resmungar, murmurar.
He mumbled something about it being a waste of time.
numb adjective /nm/
If a part of your body is numb, you cannot feel it. dormente.
My fingers and toes were numb with cold.
numbness noun [U] UK /nm.ns/ US /nm.ns/
lack of physical or emotional feeling
arouse verb [T] UK /raz/ US /raz/
C2 to cause someone to have a particular feeling:
It's a subject that has aroused a lot of interest.
Our suspicions were first aroused when we heard a muffled.
to cause someone to feel sexual excitement
Something he said as he was leaving really aroused my curiosity.
Football arouses a good deal of passion among its supporters.
The sight of people suffering arouses a deep sense of injustice in her.
His strange behaviour aroused his neighbours' suspicions.
The programme aroused strong feelings, as you can see by the number of letters received.
arousal noun [U] UK /ra.zl/ US /ra.zl/
a state of (sexual) arousal (= being sexually excited)
aroused UK /razd/ US /razd/

 sexually excited
rouse verb [T] US /rz/
to wake someone or make someone more active or excited:
She roused him from his sleep.
Arouse or rouse? from English Grammar Today
Rouse and arouse are both used in formal contexts. Arouse means make someone have a
particular feeling:
Both lecturers aroused a lot of interest in the subject of geology.
Rouse means wake someone up or make someone active:
The goal roused the supporters and they began to really get behind the team. (get behind
means support)
We also use rouse as a reflexive verb:
She finally roused herself at lunchtime and got out of bed.

needle noun /nidl/

a thin, pointed metal object with a small hole at one end for thread, used in sewing. agulha.
a needle and thread.
the thin metal part of a piece of medical equipment used to take blood out of the body, or to put
drugs in. agulha.
a thin, hard, pointed leaf of a pine tree:
pine needles. agulha (de pinheiro)

bride noun /brad/

B1 a woman who is getting married or has just been married. noiva.
bridesmaid noun /bradzmed/
a woman or girl who helps the bride on her wedding day.dama de honra.
wheel noun /wil/
A2 a circular object fixed under a vehicle so that it moves smoothly over the ground. roda.
My bike needs a new front wheel.
helmet noun /helmt/
a hard hat that protects your head. capacete.
a cycling helmet.

wheelchair noun /wilter/

B1 a chair with wheels used by someone who cannot walk. cadeira de rodas.
wheelbarrow noun /wilbr/
a big, open container with a wheel at the front and handles, used to move things. carrinho de
mo.
strengthen verb /stren/
to become stronger or make something become stronger. fortalecer.
These exercises strengthen the leg muscles.
bond noun /bnd/
an interest, experience, or feeling that makes people feel connected. lao, elo, vnculo.
the bond between the mother and baby.
hammer: a tool used for hitting things or forcing nails into wood that consists of a handle and a
heavy metal top with one flat side
He smashed a hole in the window with a hammer.
take a hammer to something (=hit something hard using a hammer):
She took a hammer to the headlights of his car.
thread noun /red/
a long, thin piece of cotton, wool, etc. that is used for sewing. linha, fio.
a needle and thread
sewing noun [no plural] /s/
the activity of joining pieces of cloth together with a needle and thread. costura.
poignant: When something is poignant, it causes a very strong feeling of sadness. [n
The girls cried at the end of the poignant movie.
still: still is used when you say that a situation keeps going on.
They are still waiting in line to get tickets.
secure: To secure something means to get it after a lot of effort.
I was able to secure a good grade on my test after weeks of studying.
whereabouts: The whereabouts of someone or something is the place where they are.
The police looked for the lost dog, but its whereabouts were still unknown.
Whereabouts plural noun US /hwerbts, wer-/
C2 the place where a person or thing is:
Morenos whereabouts are unknown, but some people think he is in Panama.

Trupin is thought to be in the Caribbean, although his exact whereabouts are/is a mystery.
whereabouts adverb [not gradable] US /hwerbts, wer-, hwr-, wr-/
C2 in what part or area: in what place; where:
Whereabouts in Madrid do you live?
Whereabouts is your office, then?
Whereabouts is your office?
event: An event is something that happens, especially something important.
Finishing high school was a major event in his life.
lack: If there is a lack of something, there is not enough of it.
His only problem is a lack of money.
mariner: A mariner is a sailor.
The old mariner used his telescope to find the shore.
wrinkle: A wrinkle is a line on a person's face that happens as they get old.
My grandfather has some wrinkles on his face.
wrinkle noun /rkl/
a small line on your face that you get when you grow old. ruga.
wrinkled /rkld/ adjective
enrugado. a wrinkled face.
tear verb /ter/ ( present participle tearing, past tense tore, past participle torn)
B1 to pull paper, cloth, etc. into pieces, or to make a hole in it by accident. rasgar.
The nail tore a hole in my skirt.
be torn between something and something
to be unable to decide between two choices. estar dividido entre isso e aquilo.
Im torn between the apple pie and the chocolate biscuit.
tear noun /ter/
a hole in a piece of cloth, paper, etc. where it has been torn. rasgo, descosturado.
tear noun /tr/
B1 a drop of water that comes from your eye when you cry. lgrima.
I was in tears (= crying) by the end of the movie.
She burst into tears (= started crying) when she heard the news.
respective: When things are respective, they relate separately to each person just mentioned.
The boxers were told to return to their respective corners.
offspring: offspring are the children of a person or the babies of an animal.
The dogs offspring had the same color of fur as she did.

carriage: A carriage is a vehicle pulled by a horse.

We took a carriage ride in the park.
unfair adjective /nfer/
B1 not treating people in an equal way. injusto, desleal.
an unfair system
unfairly /nfeli/ adverb.
injustamente
unfairness /nfens/ noun [no plural]
injustia, deslealdade
fair adjective /fer/
A2 Fair hair or skin is pale or light in colour.
claro
a boy with fair hair
B1 treating or affecting everyone in the same way
justo, equitativo, leal
a fair trial
Its not fair that she gets to go and I dont!
Im willing to do my fair share of the work (= an equal part).
Opposite unfair
a fair price, deal, offer, etc.
B1 a price, deal, offer, etc. that is right for a situation and not asking for too much
um preo justo, uma oferta justa, etc.
He offered me a fair price for the car.
a fair amount, number, etc.
a fairly large amount, number, etc.
uma quantia, um nmero, etc. substancial
Theres still a fair amount of work to be done on the house.
good, but not very good
(relativamente) bom, razovel, aceitvel
He has a fair chance of winning.
sunny and not raining
(tempo) bom
fair enough
used for saying that you can understand and accept someones opinion or decision
nada mais justo
He says hell only work on Sunday if he gets paid extra. Fair enough.
fair adverb /fer/
fair and square
in an honest way and without any doubt
honestamente, lealmente, merecidamente

We won the game fair and square.

fair noun /fer/
B1 a place outside where you can ride on big machines for pleasure and play games to win
prizes. parque de diverses.
an event at which companies, organizations, or groups show what they do or sell their
products or services. feira.
a book fair
nasty: If something is nasty, then it is not nice or pleasant.
The rotten apple left a nasty taste inside her mouth.
pleasant: If something is pleasant, you enjoy it.
The character had a pleasant look on its face.
hesitate: o hesitate is to wait for a short time before doing something.
He hesitated for a moment before he decided which choice to make.

12 de abril de 2016
wrestler noun /reslr/
someone who takes part in the sport of wrestling. lutador, -ora.
rite: A rite is a traditional ceremony carried out by a particular group or society.
Special masks are worn during the rite when a new baby is born.
worn /wn/ past participle of wear particpio passado de wear
wear verb /wer/ ( past tense wore, past participle worn)
A1 to have a piece of clothing, jewellery, etc. on your body. usar, vestir. I wear jeans all the time.
She wears glasses.
to become thin and damaged after being used a lot, or to make this happen desgastar(-se)
The carpet is already starting to wear in places.
fortune: When someone has good fortune, it means they have luck.
I have good fortune when I play cards.
garment: A garment is a piece of clothing.
The business man had all of his garments cleaned before the important meeting.
steady adjective /stedi/ ( comparative steadier, superlative steadiest)
happening at a gradual, regular rate. constante, regular. a steady improvement

 still and not shaking. firme, seguro. You need steady hands to be a dentist.
not changing. constante. She drove at a steady speed.
steadily /stedli/ adverb constantemente, regularmente, seguramente

steady verb /stedi/

to make something stop shaking or moving. estabilizar. He managed to steady the plane.
blanket: A blanket is a piece of cloth that you use to keep warm or to sit upon.
I laid a blanket on the ground so that we could have a picnic.
Blanket noun /blkt/ A2 a thick, warm cover that you sleep under cobertor
a thick layer of something camada grossa a blanket of snow
monarch: The monarch of a country is the king, queen, emperor, or empress.
The monarch lived in a beautiful palace with a grand gate.
martgage: A mortgage is a loan for property, especially homes and businesses.
When they bought their new home, the married couple had to sign a mortgage.
mortgage noun /md/
money that you borrow to buy a home hipoteca a monthly mortgage payment
arch: An arch is a curved opening formed under a structure such as a bridge or doorway.
The arch of the bridge was not high enough for the tall boat to pass underneath.
overdose: An overdose is an instance of taking or having too much of something.
Johns skin was burned from an overdose of sunshine.
injure: To injure someone means to damage a part of their body.
The car crash injured two people.
war: A war is a big fight between two groups of people.
Many young men died in the war
random: If something is random, it happens without any pattern or reason.
Young children often ask random questions.
lecture: A lecture is a long, educational speech.
His lecture on world hunger was very informative.
hunger noun [no plural] /hr/
B1 the feeling that you want to eat. fome.
the state of not having enough food. fome. Many of the refugees died of hunger.
granite: granite is a very hard type of rock that is often black or pink.

 The kitchen counter was made of granite.

squeeze: To squeeze something means to press it together and hold it tightly.
When Clara saw her cat, she gave it a big squeeze.
squeeze verb /skwiz/ ( present participle squeezing, past tense and past participle squeezed)
to press something firmly. prensar, comprimir, apertar. She squeezed his hand and said
goodbye.

limit: A limit is the largest or smallest amount of something that you allow.
My mother put a limit on how much I could use the phone.
steam: steam is water that has become hot and has turned into a misty gas.
We could see the steam rise from the boiling water.
deserve: To deserve is to be worthy of something as a result of one's actions.
The dog deserved a bone for behaving very well.
worthy adjective /wi/ ( comparative worthier, superlative worthiest)
deserving respect, admiration, or support. digno. a worthy cause a worthy champion
worthy of something
deserving respect or support. digno de algo. a politician worthy of our respect
irritate: To irritate means to annoy someone.
She was irritated when her brother told her that he had lost her camera.
volatile: When something is volatile, it is likely to change suddenly and unexpectedly.
The volatile volcano might explode at any moment.
vine: A vine is a plant that has long, twisting stems and climbs upward.
The branches of the trees were covered with vines.
vine noun /van/
a plant that grapes (= small fruit used for making wine) grow on. videira, parreira, trepadeira.
vinenoun [C] uk /van/ us /van/
C1 (also grapevine) the climbing plant that produces grapes as its fruit
any type of plant that climbs or grows along the ground and has twisting stems: Ivy is a type of
vine.
The vine twines round the pole.
The vines were trained over an arch, providing shade as well as fruit.
Disease ravaged his vines.
We have a grape vine in our conservatory.
We always buy tomatoes on the vine.
a grape vine. pea vines.

vineyard noun [C] us /vnjrd/

a piece of land on which grapevines are grown (= plants that produce small round fruits used
for making wine).
parreiral, vinha, vinhedo.

stem noun [C] uk /stem/ us /stem/

stem noun [C] (CENTRAL PART)
a central part of something from which other parts can develop or grow, or which forms a
support
the stick-like central part of a plant that grows above the ground and from which leaves and
flowers grow, or a smaller thin part that grows from the central part and supports the leaves and
flowers: flower stems
the thin vertical part of a glass or similar container that joins the part that holds liquid to the flat
bottom part on which it stands: Champagne glasses usually have long stems.
stem noun [C] (WORD)
the part of a word that is left after you take off the ending: From the stem "sav-" you get "
saves", "saved", "saving", and "saver".
stem noun [C] (WATCH)
US (UK winder) the small part on the side of a watch that you turn to move the hands (= parts
that point to the numbers), or to make the watch operate
stem noun [C] (SHIP)
the main supporting structure at the front of a ship
stem verb [T] uk /stem/ us /stem/ (-mm-)
to stop something unwanted from spreading or increasing: These measures are designed to
stem the rise of violent crime. We must take action to stem the tide of resignations.
to stop the flow of a liquid such as blood: She tied a handkerchief around the wound to stem
the flow of blood.
from stem to stern US
from one end of something to the other: We overhauled the car from stem to stern.
stem from sth
phrasal verb with stem uk /stem/ us /stem/ verb [T] (-mm-)
C1 to start or develop as the result of something: Her problems stem from her difficult childhood.
Their disagreement stemmed from a misunderstanding.
overhaul verb [T] us /ovrhl/
to repair or improve something so it works well: They repaired and maintained aircraft and
overhauled their engines. Congressional leaders are considering overhauling the Clean Air Act.
I got the engine overhauled. The government has recently overhauled the healthcare system.
overhaul noun [C] us /ovrhl/

 I think our justice system needs a major overhaul.

I took my motorbike in for an overhaul.
haul verb [T] uk /hl/ us /hl/
C2 to pull something heavy slowly and with difficulty: They hauled the boat out of the water. She
hauled herself up into the tree.
to take something or someone somewhere, especially by force: FBI agents hauled away boxes
of records. The police hauled him off to jail in front of his whole family.
He hauled himself over the wall, grunting with the effort.
A freight train can haul thousands of tons of goods.
The fishermen were hauling the nets in at the back of the boat.
It took three men to haul the roller across the pitch.
We had to haul the wardrobe up three flights of stairs.
haul noun [C] uk /hl/ us /hl/
haul noun [C] (AMOUNT)
C2 a usually large amount of something that has been stolen or is illegal: a haul of arms/drugs
haul noun [C] (FISH)
the amount of fish caught: Fishermen have been complaining of poor hauls all year.
haul noun [C] (JOURNEY)
a journey, often a difficult one: From there it was a long haul/only a short haul back to our
camp.
long-haul adjective [before noun] uk /l.hl/ us /l.hl/
travelling a long distance: a long-haul flight. long-haul truck drivers.
short-haul adjective [before noun] uk /t.hl/ us /rt.hl/
travelling a short distance: short-haul flights.
haul ass US very informal
to move very quickly to a different place: When the shooting started we hauled ass out of
there.
haul sb up informal
phrasal verb with haul uk /hl/ us /hl/ verb [T]
to force someone to go somewhere or see someone in order to be punished or to answer
questions about their behaviour: He was hauled up in court/in front of a judge.
dizzy: If someone is dizzy, then they feel off balance as if they will fall down.
The pregnant woman was dizzy after standing up too quickly.
dizzy adjective /dzi/ ( comparative dizzier, superlative dizziest)
feeling like everything is turning around and as if you might fall tonto, vertiginoso
dizziness /dzins/ noun [no plural]
tontura, vertigem

inland: If someone goes inland, they travel into the center of a country or land.
The river curved inland near the campground.
inland adjective, adverb /nlnd/
away from the sea. no/para o/do interior. The landscape changed as we drove further inland.
import: To import means to bring in a product from another country.
Foods that have been imported are usually more expensive.
already: If something happens already, it happens before a certain time.
It is already time for the movie to start. Let's go in.
already adverb /lredi/
A2 before now, or before a time in the past. J. Ive already told him. Ive already seen that
movie.
B1 used to say that something has happened earlier than you expected. j.
I cant believe youve already finished!
attend: To attend something is to go to it.
My sister and I attend the same school.
intrigue: To intrigue means to cause an interest in something or someone.
Her mysterious past intrigued her new friend.
gather: To gather is to collect several things usually from different places.
Sam gathered some flowers for his mother.

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diligent adjective us /dldnt/
careful and serious in your work, or done in a careful and determined way: a diligent worker
They made diligent efforts to carry out their programs.
diligence noun [U] us /dldns/
pride noun [no plural] /prad/
a feeling of satisfaction at your achievements or the achievements of your family or friends.
orgulho. She felt a great sense of pride as she watched him accept the award.
the respect that you feel for yourself. orgulho. She has too much pride to accept any help.
swallow your pride
to decide to do something even though it will embarrass. you deixar o orgulho de lado. He
swallowed his pride and asked if he could have his old job back.
fur noun [no plural] /fr/

B1 the thick hair that covers the bodies of some animals like cats and rabbits. pele, pelo.
the skin of an animal covered in thick hair, used for making clothes, or a piece of clothing
made from this. pele. a fur coat.
kingly Pronunciation: /kiNGl/
adjective (kinglier, kingliest)
Associated with or typical of a king; regal: his kingly duties
The kingly or lordly attitude is one way: I make these wonderful objects and don't you come
and mess about with them or misunderstand them.
The king looked at her in a very kingly and grand fashion.
What kingly magnificence could mean is brought to life by the great barrow-burial at Sutton
Hoo on the East Anglian coast.
Derivatives
kingliness noun
regal Pronunciation: /rl/
adjective
Of, resembling, or fit for a monarch, especially in being magnificent or dignified: regal authority
her regal bearing
regally
Pronunciation: /rl/
adverb
prairie: A prairie is a large flat area of grassland.
The prairie was perfect for a farm because there were hills and trees.
a large, flat area of land in North America that is usually covered in grass. pradaria.
destroy: To destroy means to damage something so badly that it cannot be used.
The glass was destroyed.
transaction: A transaction is an act of buying or selling something.
Because the clerk was new at the job, the simpletransaction took a long time.
worthwhile: If something is worthwhile, it is important or useful.
On his visit to Canada, he realized studying English was worthwhile.
firsthand: If something is firsthand, then it is from an original source.
If you want firsthand knowledge, ask someone who saw it.
harsh: When something is harsh, it is very unpleasant.
The desert can be a very harsh environment.
log: A log is a thick piece of wood that is cut from a tree.

 The fire was too small, so we added another log to it.

log noun /l/
a thick piece of wood that has been cut from a tree. tronco de rvore, tora, lenha. We need
more logs for the fire.
fragile: When people or things are fragile, they are not strong and can be damaged easily.
The fragile glassware was carefully packed into boxes.
cot: A cot is a small portable bed.
At the camp, the boys cabin was lined with cots.
withdraw: To withdraw means to leave a place, usually during war.
After losing the battle, the enemy withdrew back to its own country.
dizzy adjective /dzi/ ( comparative dizzier, superlative dizziest)
feeling like everything is turning around and as if you might fall tonto, vertiginoso
dizziness /dzins/ noun [no plural]
tontura, vertigem
bullet: A bullet is a small metal object that is shot out of guns.
bullets come in different sizes for different guns.
innocence: innocence is a lack of experience of difficult or complex things in life.
Everyone who met her found her innocence to be charming.
celestial: If something is celestial, it is related to the sky or to outer space.
Comets are celestial objects that are rarely seen.

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budget noun /bdt/
a plan that shows how much money you have and how you will spend it. oramento.
length noun /le/
B1 how long something is from one end to the other. comprimento.
The room is over eight metres in length.
What length are the curtains?
the amount of time that something lasts. durao.
the length of a movie.
noun 1 [mass noun] The measurement or extent of something from end to end; the greater of
two or the greatest of three dimensions of an object: the delta is twenty kilometres in length
[count noun]: the fish reaches a length of 10 inches

width noun /wt/

the distance from one side of something to the other side. largura.
a width of two metres.
the yard was about seven feet in width.
Typical blocks were fabricated to measurements of three feet in length and 1.5 feet in width
and height.
Cubic measurements take all three dimensions into consideration - width, length and height.
The Backbone was a half-mile of barren limestone only fifty feet in width with nearly vertical
sides and a few boulders and a few clumps of pines dotting its top.
Wide range or extent: the width of experience required for these positions
height /ht/ noun
[mass noun] 1The measurement of someone or something from head to foot or from base to
top: columns rising to 65 feet in height he was of medium height
height noun /hat/
B1 how tall or high something or someone is altura The tower measures 27.28 metres in height.
B1 how far above the ground something is altura The plane was flying at a height of about 6,000
metres.
depth noun /dep/
B1 the distance from the top of something to the bottom. profundidade. Dig a hole 10 cm in
depth.
the quality of having a lot of knowledge or of being able to think seriously about something.
profundidade. Her writing shows astonishing depth.
in depth
in a very detailed way. a fundo. I have studied this subject in depth.
settlement noun /setlmnt/
an official agreement that finishes an argument deciso, acordo a peace settlement
a town or village that people build to live in after arriving from somewhere else assentamento,
colnia a Jewish settlement
object verb /bdekt/
to say that you do not agree with a plan. fazer objees, opor-se. Carlos objected to the
proposal.
object noun /bdkt/
B1 a thing that you can see or touch but is not alive. objeto. I could see a bright object in the
sky.
B1 in grammar, the person or thing that is affected by the action of a verb. objeto.
the object of something
the purpose of something. o objetivo. de algo The object of the game is to score more points
than the other team.

objection noun /bdekn/

a reason why you do not like or agree with a plan. objeo. Our main objection to the new
factory is that its noisy.
objective adjective /bdektv/
influenced only by facts and not by feelings. objetivo. I cant be objective when I judge my
daughters work.
An objective is a goal or plan that someone has.
My objective this week is to finish my homework by 7:30 every night.
objective noun /bdektv/
something that you are trying to do. objetivo. His main objective was to increase profits.
unreliable adjective /nrlabl/
not able to be trusted or depended on. no confivel. The trains were noisy, dirty, and
unreliable.
reliable adjective /rlabl/
B1 able to be trusted or believed confivel a reliable car reliable information
Opposite unreliable
reliably /rlabli/ adverb
com segurana I am reliably informed that the concert has been cancelled.
reliability noun [no plural] /rlablti/
how reliable someone or something is confiana, confiabilidade Im not sure about the
reliability of those statistics.
Toe
Tough: If something is tough, it is difficult.
The man passed his driving test even though it was very tough.
Tummy
Drought
Spread
Basin
Narrow
Hapless

Drown
Enthusiasm: enthusiasm is a very strong good feeling about something.
The crowd showed their enthusiasm for the soccer team by cheering loudly.
Objective: An objective is a goal or plan that someone has.
My objective this week is to finish my homework by 7:30 every night.
intestines: intestines are tubes through which food passes after it leaves the stomach.
Whatever you eat goes into your intestines.
simultaneous: When something is simultaneous, it occurs at the same time as something else.
The movement of the gears inside the watch was simultaneous.
wavy: When something is wavy, it is not straight but has a series of curves.
The child drew wavy lines all over the piece of paper.
considerate
adjective /knsdrt/
kind and helpful. atencioso. a polite and considerate child
It wasn't very considerate of you to drink all the milk.
Opposite: inconsiderate.
adjective us /knsdrt/
caring about and respectful of others: He is always a kind and considerate host.

preview: A preview is an opportunity to see something before it is available to the public.

The band played us a preview of their new song.
govern: To govern is to control the public business of a country, state, or city.
The United States is governed from the White House.
deterioration: deterioration is the act of becoming worse.
The lack of care led to the deterioration of the house.
bath: A bath is water in a tub. People take a bath to get clean.
After playing in the dirt, the boy took a bath.
bath noun /b/
A1 an act of washing your body when sitting in water banho Im going to have a bathtake a bath.
A1 UK ( US bathtub) the container that you fill with water and sit in to wash your body banheira
weep: To weep means to cry.
My sister told me the dramatic movie would make me weep.

gamble: To gamble means to play a game that involves winning or losing money.
Many people like to go to casinos to gamble.
profile: A profile is an outline of a face, usually as seen from the side.
The drawing of Olivias profile came out very well.
profile noun /prfal/
a short description of a person, organization, etc., giving the main details about them. perfil.
Hes updated his profile on the website.
a side view of someones face or head. perfil. The picture shows him in profile.
harras: To harass someone means to annoy or trouble them.
The children harassed their mother because they wanted her attention.
harassverb [T] us /hrs, hrs/ to annoy or trouble someone repeatedly:
He claimed that the police continued to harass foreign journalists.
She felt she was being harassed by the coachs constant demands.
atormentar, incomodar, perturbar.
rob: To rob a person or place is to take their property by using force.
A thief has robbed me of my passport.
disgust: disgust is a feeling of distaste and anger caused by something rude or unpleasant.
He felt disgust toward his date because she had such terrible eating habits.
spouse: Aspouse is the person to whom someone is married.
I live in a home with myspouse and our two children.
archeological: When something is archeological, it relates to archeology.
They found archeological evidence that proved an ancient species of man.
account:
Steer: verb /str/
to control the direction of a car, boat, etc. virar o volante, fazer curva I tried to steer the boat
away from the bank.
mob: A mob is a large crowd of people that often wants to cause violence.
The copier was destroyed by a mob of angry workers.
mob noun /mb/
a large group of people that is often violent or not organized. turba, multido. an angry mob.
own: To own something means to have it. That thing belongs to you.
My grandfather owns that house.

flexible: If something is flexible, then it can bend easily without breaking.

The tree branch was so flexible it could be bent into a circle and not break.
bend:
bend verb /bend/ ( past tense and past participle bent)
to move your body or part of your body so that it is not straight inclinar-se, dobrar, curvar Bend
your knees when lifting heavy objects.
to become curved, or to make something become curved dobrar, curvar, inclinar-se, fazer uma
curva The road bent to the left.
abandon: To abandon something is to leave it forever or for a long time.
The old room had been abandoned years before.
climb verb /klam/
A2 to go up something escalar, subir, trepar Slowly we climbed the hill.
to move into or out of a small space, often with difficulty or effort entrar em/sair de um lugar
apertado The baby had managed to climb out of his cot.
climb /klam/ noun
escalada a long climb
climbing noun [no plural] /klam/
A2 the sport of climbing mountains, hills, or rocks alpinismo mountain climbing climbing boots
climber noun /klamr/
someone who climbs mountains, hills, or rocks as a sport alpinista
contradict: To contradict means to state the opposite of what someone else has.
Ken was always fighting with his little sister because she kept contradicting him.
glacier: A glacier is a large piece of ice that moves very slowly.
The North Pole is covered by a huge glacier.
bill: A bill is a statement of money owed for goods or a service.
I have so many bills that I do not know how to pay for them all.
soar: To soar means to fly high in the air.
As the sun rose, two eagles soared through the sky.
notorious: When something is notorious, it is well-known because of something bad.
This area of town is notorious for gang activity.
public: If something is public, it is meant for everyone to use.
I went to the public park to play with my friends.

horrible: If something is horrible, it is very bad.

The assignment was horrible. I hated it.
console: To console someone who is sad means to make them comforted.
When my dog ran away, my dad consoled me.
respiration: respiration is the act of breathing.
Artificial respiration is the best thing to do if someone stops breathing.
breath noun /bre/
B1 [no plural] the air that comes out of your lungs respirao His breath smells of garlic.
an amount of air that goes into or out of your lungs respirao She took a deep breath before
she started.
be out of breath
to be breathing quickly because you have been doing exercise estar sem flego
hold your breath
to keep air in your lungs and not let it out prender a respirao How long can you hold your
breath underwater?
sacrifice: To sacrifice something valuable is to give it up to get something else.
Her parents sacrificed a lot of money in order for her to go to college.

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Vocabulary 13> technology and machines

A engine
B eletric
C Switch
D notebook
E order
F go
G work
H cut
I factory
J invented