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3 important properties of database:

1. Persistent data reside on stable storage such as a magnetic disk.


2. Shared database can have multiple uses and users.
3. Interrelated data stored as separate units can be connected to provide a whole picture.
Database a collection of persistent data that can be shared and interrelated.
DBMS a collection of component that support data acquisition, dissemination, maintenance, retrieval,
and formatting
Common features of DBMS:
1. Database definition
2. Nonprocedural access
3. Application development
4. Procedural language interface
5. Transaction processing
6. Database tuning
Nonprocedural database language
- a language such as SQL that allow you to specify the parts of a database to access rather than to
code a complex procedure
Procedural language interface
- a method to combine a nonprocedural language such as SQL with a programming language such
as COBOL or VISUAL BASIC.
Transaction processing
- reliable and efficient processing of large volumes of repetitive work
Data Independence
- a database should have an identity separate from the application (computer program, forms, and
report) that use it. The separate identity allows the database definition to be changed without
affecting related application.
Three schema architecture
- an architecture for compartmentalizing database description and also was proposed bas a way to
achieve data independence.
Schema level:
1. External is the user level. Each group of users can have a separate external view of a database
to a group s specific needs.
2. Conceptual define the identities and relationship
3. Internal storage view of the database whereas represent the logical meaning of the database.

Client serve architecture


- An arrangement of components and data among computers connected by a network and support
efficient processing of messages between client and servers.
Database administrator
- A support position that specializes in managing individual database and DBMS.
Alternative Terminology for Relation Database
Table-Oriented
Table
Row
Column

Set-Oriented
Relation
Tuple
Attribute

Record-Oriented
Record type, file
Record
Field

Entity integrity
- Each table must have a column or combination of columns with unique value
Referential integrity
- The column values in one table must match column values in a related table.
Superkey
- A column or combination of columns containing unique values for each row
Candidate key
- A minimal superkey and do not have null value.
Null Value
- A special value that represents the absence of an actual value or unknown.
Primary key
- A specially designated candidate key and cannot contain null value.
Foreign key
- Column or combination of columns in which the values must match candidate key.

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