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Fran De Aquino
Professor Emeritus of Physics, Maranhao State University, UEMA.
Titular Researcher (R) of National Institute for Space Research, INPE
Copyright 2016 by Fran De Aquino. All Rights Reserved.
A new type of device for controlling gravity is here proposed. This is a quantum device because results
from the behaviour of the matter and energy at subatomic length scale (10-20m). From the technical point of
view this device is easy to build, and can be used to develop several devices for controlling gravity.
Key words: Gravitation, Gravitational Mass, Inertial Mass, Gravity, Quantum Device.
Introduction
Some years ago I wrote a paper [1]
where a correlation between gravitational
mass and inertial mass was obtained. In the
paper I pointed out that the relationship
between gravitational mass, m g , and rest
1 =
=
= 1 2 1 +
mi 0
mi 0 c
mg
Unr
= 1 2 1 +
mi 0 c 2
Wn
= 1 2 1 + 2r
1 =
(1)
r
r
P = m g g , where = m gl mil0 ( m gl and mil0
are respectively, the gravitational mass and the
inertial mass of the lamina). Only when = 1 ,
2. The Device
Consider a spherical capacitor, as shown in
Fig.1. The external radius of the inner spherical
shell is ra , and the internal radius of the outer
spherical shell is rb . Between the inner shell and
the outer shell there is a dielectric with electric
permittivity = r 0 . The inner shell works as an
inductor, in such way that, when it is charged with
an electric charge + q , and the outer shell is
connected to the ground, then the outer shell
acquires a electric charge q , which is uniformly
distributed at the external surface of the outer
shell, while the electric charge + q is uniformly
distributed at the external surface of the inner
shell (See Halliday, D. and Resnick, R., Physics,
Vol. II, Chapter 28 (Gauss law), Paragraph 28.4).
-q - - - +q +
+
+
+
+
+
+
capacitive
R10
rb
V1=V
ra
+ + +
- - V2=0
f is
the
frequency;
+
+
+
reactance;
Since
R10 >> z S ,
we
can
write
that
R R10 = 1 1010 .
r
r
Ea and Eb ,
E R= 0
E= 0 ER=Ea + Eb
Eb
E= 0
E R= 0
Eb
+
Ea
Ea
ra
Eb
Ea
rb
r
r
is null because Ea and Eb have opposite directions
(a)
2ax
E R= 0
E= 0 ER=Ea + Eb
Eb
E= 0
Eb
+
Ea
ra
E R= 0
-
Ea
Eb
Ea
rb
V
(b)
(2)
3
If the shells are made with Aluminum, with
the following characteristics: = 2700kg.m 3 ,
i V R10
(3)
= 6.81020V
nSe nSe
The maximum size of an electron has
been estimated by several authors [3, 4, 5].
The conclusion is that the electron must have
a physical radius smaller than 10-22 m * .
Assuming that, under the action of the
r
force F (produced by a pulsed voltage
waveform, V ), the electrons would fluctuate
about their initial positions with the amplitude
of x 11020 m (See Fig.3), then we get
2x 2x 0.294
(4)
t =
=
a
v
V
However, we have that f = 1 T = 1 2t .
Thus, we get
(5)
f = 1.7V
Now
consider
Eq.
(1).
The
instantaneous values of the density of
electromagnetic energy in an electromagnetic
field can be deduced from Maxwells
equations and has the following expression
v=
W = 12 E2 + 12 H 2
(6)
1 + ( ) + 1
2
where
kr
the
real part of the
r
propagation vector k (also called phase
*
is
r
constant); k = k = k r + iki ; , and ,
are
0 = 8.854 10 12 F / m ; = r 0 where
0 = 4 107 H / m ). It is known that for freespace = 0 and r = r = 1 . Then Eq. (7)
gives
v=c
From Eq. (7), we see that the index of
refraction nr = c v is given by
c
2
nr = = r r 1 + ( ) + 1
v
2
(8)
x 1 10 20 m
V
Eb
Eb
Eb
+
+
Eb
Eb
4
E = vB = vH
Then, Eq. (6) can be rewritten in the
following form:
(9)
W = 12 v2 H2 + 12 H2
For << , Eq. (7) reduces to
v=
r r
E 4
2 1 mi0 =
mg = 1 2 1+ 2
4c 4f
3
0 r 4
E 1mi0 =
= 1 2 1+
3 2 2 3
256
c
f
= 1 2 1+1.7581027 r2 3 E 4 1mi0
(16)
c2 2 1
H + 2 H 2 = H 2
W = 12
r r
W=
B2
(10)
or
(11)
W = E2
For >> , Eq. (7) gives
v=
(12)
Eb
4 r
2
b
(17)
CV
4 rb2
Eb =
(18)
ra V
1.9102V
rb(rb ra )
2
W = H2 + 12 H2 = H2 + 12 H2
1
2
(13)
12 H2
1.3102 V4
mg(x) = 1 2 1+
1
mi0(x)
3
f
(14 )
2
W
E
4
(15 )
or
(19)
mg(x)
mi0(x)
{ [
]}
= 1 2 1 + 2.64103V 1
(20)
(f
mg(x)
mi0(x)
2g
(21)
0.91
= 1.7V = 765Hz ) ,
Eq.
mg(x)
mi0(x)
(f
= 1.7V = 60 Hz ) , Eq.
(f
(22)
0.04
= 1.7V
= 2040 Hz ) , Eq.
x
10 G
V f
mg(x)
mi0(x)
(23)
1.1
+
-
Pulsed
r
r r
in a side of a lamina is P = mg g ( g perpendicular
to the lamina) then the weight of the same
particle, in the other side of the lamina is
r
r
P = m g g , where = m gl mil0 ( m gl and mil0
m g = m g or that g = g
Now consider the Spherical Capacitor
previously mentioned. If the gravity below the
capacitor is g , then above the first hemispherical
shell with thickness x (See Fig.4) it will
become g , and above the second hemispherical
shell with thickness x , the gravity will be 2 g .
QCG
Mechanical dynamometer
-3P
-2P
-P
Pulse Generator
V,
f
Synchronizer
Resistor
V
10 giga ohms
0
P
01. 2kV
02. 04kHz
References
[1] De Aquino, F. (2010) Mathematical Foundations
of the Relativistic Theory of Quantum Gravity,
Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 11 (1),
pp. 173-232.
Available at https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01128520
[2] Griffiths, D., (1999). Introduction to Electrodynamics
(3 Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, p. 289.
[3] Dehmelt, H.: (1988). A Single Atomic Particle Forever
Floating at Rest in Free Space: New Value for Electron
Radius. Physica Scripta T22, 102.
[4] Dehmelt, H.: (1990). Science 4942 539-545.
[5] Macken, J. A. Spacetime Based Foundation of Quantum
Mechanics and General Relativity. Available at
http://onlyspacetime.com/QM-Foundation.pdf
[6] Halliday, D. and Resnick, R. (1968) Physics, J. Willey &
Sons, Portuguese Version, Ed. USP, p.1118.