POLLUTION

There are many types of pollution, namely air, water and noise. Pollution in our environment will
undoubtedly affect our quality of life. Our naturally beautiful world becoming ugly because it is
suffering from the effects of environmental pollution. Pollution can also cause various health
problems and other negative effects.
Air pollution is caused by the emission of toxic gases from vehicles, factories and open burning.
Nowadays, there are more and more vehicles on the road as society gets more affluent. More
and more people strive to have a better quality of life by having the convenience of driving to
their destinations instead of taking public transportation. Automobiles provides transport to
millions people around the world to enable them to travel to their workplace, school and other
places, therefore, the air around us is getting more polluted by the carbon dioxide that is
emitted. Carbon monoxide is another type of gas which harmful to the environment as it can
cause the reduction of oxygen in the bloodstream.
Another example of contributor to the air pollution is the manufacturing factories. The
manufacturing of products in factories to meet the growing demand of society is also causing air
pollution. Factories release toxic gases to the environment. Some factories also use coal to
generate heat and energy. As a result from the burning of coal, carbon dioxide is released into
the environment.
Besides factories, many people are still practising open burning as a way of disposing
their household wastes. Although burning our household wastes is a convenient way of getting
rid of our rubbish, it is harmful to the environment as it contributes to the worsening of the air
quality. As a result, air pollution causes people to suffer from health problems such as chest pain
and asthma. In extreme cases, people can contract lung cancer.
Water pollution is also a problem that we are currently facing. The marine life is the first
to suffer from water pollution as they depend on the nutrients in the water to survive. As a result,
we are robbed of beautiful sea corals and unique species of fishes. Besides ruining our marine
heritage, the disappearance of marine life will affect the livelihood of fishermen, not to mention
our source of food. Water pollution is caused by harmful waster from industries, farms and
sewerage systems which are dumped into our sources of water such as rivers and lakes. This
irresponsible act contaminates our drinking water and can cause serious health problems and
can even culminate in death.
Noise pollution is another form of pollution. Noise from heavy machinery and vehicles
can cause hearing problems and in extreme cases, deafness. As there is growing number of
vehicles on the road, we are exposed to noise pollution every day. The government in advanced
countries encourage their citizens to take the public buses and trains by providing an affordable
and efficient transportation system. This effort discourages people from driving their private

vehicles and consequently reduces the number of vehicles on the road.

We must work together to reduce pollution so that the future generations can live in a
healthy, unpolluted environment. As the saying goes, precaution is better than cure. Lets hands
on hands together by recycle and conserve the world for the better future

The dictionary definition of pollution is to make air, water, soil, etc. dangerously dirty and not
suitable for people to use. The main forms of pollution are air, water, soil, noise thermal and
radioactive waves.
It is a man-made problem mainly caused by human waste material, release of poisonous gases
and other chemical pollutants from the industry, agricultural pollutants like pesticides, and
chemical fertilizers, pollutants by automobiles and dumping of chemical and nuclear wastes, etc.
It has led to a worldwide environmental crisis. In many ways, it has changed both the individual
and social ways of life.
Air Pollution:
The main sources of air pollution in India and elsewhere are mineral dust and gases,
automobiles, thermal power plants and industries. Any contamination in the air may not only
cause many diseases and loss of vision but can also disturb the whole atmospheric system. Air
pollution can also cause acid rain which damages soil, vegetation and aquatic life of the region.
The heavy use of automobiles causes pollution and smog from automobile emissions. This has
become a serious problem in almost all the countriesdeveloped and developing.
The bad urban air bums the eyes, damages lung tissues and increases the levels of lead and
other poisons in the human body and agricultural products. It is not known how many deaths
occur nationally because of air pollution. Air pollution caused massive smog in London in 1952
killing some 4,000 people.
Water Pollution:
Contamination of water from any external source that makes it harmful to life is known as water
pollution. With the fast industrial development and modem civilization, the problem of water
pollution is increasing day by day. The major sources of water pollution are domestic effluents,
agricultural effluents, sewage disposal, industrial wastes, radioactive wastes and oil leakages,
etc.
All the Indian rivers, including the holy river Ganga, have become highly polluted today. Even,
the Ganga Action Plan to control its water from pollution has not been proved successful. The
impact of water pollution is widespread. It causes many severe water-borne diseases, such as
diarrhea, trachoma, intestinal norms, hepatitis, jaundice, etc.

According to WHO, 21 per cent of all communicable diseases in India are water-borne diseases.
Oil is the major pollutant of the sea water. Huge tankers routinely dump oil into the sea. This act
of dumping poisons smothers or coats sea plants and animals and kills them.
Noise Pollution:
All sounds are not noise. Noise is any sound that is unwanted and goes beyond its certain limit,
i.e., above 80 decibels Harsh sounds of lightening and thunder, noise produced by machines,
automobiles, railways, aero planes and the blaring sound of loudspeakers and some musical
instruments come under the category of noise pollution.
More and more noise is the creation of modern civilization and has now become a major
environmental pollutant, specially in urban areas. The most notable effect of noise pollution is
on hearing. It may cause total loss of hearing that may result in the reduction of workers
efficiency.
At the higher levels, it may lead to physical and psychological damage. There is evidence that
noise is one of the major causes of stress and anxiety. It also causes headaches and irritability.
It may also affect blood pressure and heart beat. Air, water and noise pollutions are very
common which are creating havoc for all types of life. They have disastrous transnational
consequences.

SNATCH THEFT
The local media, especially the local dailies, have been replete with reports of snatch thefts.
The barrage of media reports has caused more than a sense of anxiety, it has caused fear and
panic among residents. Recently, there has been a spate of snatch thefts in our area. Snatch
thefts tend to escalate during festive seasons and holidays. Hotspots of snatch thefts are quiet
and deserted areas such as residential areas, by the roadside, in lifts and around the bank.
Snatch thieves choose their targets carefully. They often strike when people are off guard.
They home in on people who are alone and those who are distracted. Women and senior
citizens are especially susceptible as they may be unable to defend themselves. Often the
victims are seriously injured or even killed. To avoid becoming potential victims, we should take
simple crime prevention measures.
Do not walk alone especially in dark and deserted areas. Take your handbag only if necessary.
It is better to carry your purse. Always hold handbags and personal belongings close to the
body. If a snatch thief tugs at your handbag, do not hold on to it. Just let it go. Although you may
never be able to retrieve your belongings, it is better than to hang on to it and suffer injuries
inflicted by the perpetrators. Keep important or valuable items out of sight and be careful of
suspicious-looking motorists or persons. Always be alert and attentive to your surroundings. If
you suspect that you are being targeted, walk to a crowded area. Walk against the flow of traffic
and hold on to your handbag on the side away from passing motorists.

Be careful of suspicious-looking motorists or persons. Snatch thieves often approach potential

victims on the pretext of striking up a conversation or asking for directions. If someone
approaches you, always keep a safe but polite distance. avoid wearing excessive jewellery or
carrying large amounts of cash. Do not flaunt cash and valuables in public. Instead, you should
always be observant of your surroundings.
Snatch thefts are crimes of opportunity. they occur because people do not take the preventive
measures mentioned. Snatch thefts can be prevented if people are vigilant at all times.
Snatch thefts and pickpocketing are the most commonly reported crimes in Malaysia all of us
are at risk. You should be aware that while you may become a victim of these crimes simply
because you find yourself in the wrong place at the wrong time, foreigners may also be targeted
because they can be perceived to be affluent.
Thieves on motorcycles or leaning out of car windows, typically snatch handbags, necklaces,
and mobile phones from unsuspecting pedestrians. Snatch thieves on motorcycles have been
known to drive through red traffic signals and onto sidewalks to steal valuables. Occasionally,
motorcyclists smash car windows at stoplights and snatch the handbags or purses that have
been placed on the passengers seat. Victims have been dragged to the ground, severely
injured, and even killed during some of these incidents. The thieves sometimes work in teams to
distract victims while their partner(s) escape with their valuables.
Pickpocketing incidents commonly occur in crowded, urban environments such as shopping
malls, market places, bars, and clubs. Thieves may take valuables from handbags, backpacks,
and pockets in clothing, while the unsuspecting victim is distracted, often by their accomplices.
We can all take steps to avoid becoming the victim of a snatch theft or pickpocketing:
1. Be Alert of Your Surroundings
Be alert and aware of the surroundings. Walk against traffic, on the inside of the sidewalk, with
handbags kept away from the street side of the curb. Keep a close eye on any moving vehicles,
particularly motorcycles with pillion riders. Be cautious at busy intersections and when crossing
streets.
2. Be Aware of How Your Carry Your Belongings
Be cognizant of how you carry a handbag, backpack, or parcel. Holding it in your hand beside
you, or casually slung over your shoulder or behind you, makes you an easier target. Handbags
should be held close to your body in front of you, and backpacks should be slung over both
shoulders on your back. Be sure to fasten any closures on the bag.
3. Walk in a Group
If possible, walk with a group of people and avoid poorly lit streets, shortcuts, and narrow alleys.

4. Keep a Low Profile

Keep a low profile and avoid public displays of wealth. Do not carry large sums of cash or wear
expensive, flashy jewellery. Leave any unnecessary identification documents (e.g., passport,
home country drivers license, credit cards, etc.) at home. Photocopies of your passport photo
page are normally sufficient if asked for identification by local police.
5. Take Note of Where You Place Valuables
Do not place your handbag or purse on the passengers seat while driving; place any valuables
on the floor or somewhere less accessible from the windows.
6. Keeping An Eye on Valuables in Restaurants
Do not leave handbags or mobile phones on top of the table at cafs, restaurants, or bars.
7. Keep an Eye on Your Belongings
Do not leave your belongings unattended, even for a moment.
8. Dont be an Easy Target
Oppotunastic criminals will usually search for easy targets. Maintain situational awareness and
try to make yourself a difficult target.
If you are the victim of a snatch theft, you should release your valuables immediately, as snatch
thieves have at times resorted to violence if resisted or confronted. Try to get the vehicle license
plate number and a good description of the thief. Please notify the police immediately.

HEALTHY LIVING
A healthy lifestyle means maintaining a balanced and nutritious diet as well as engaging in
sports or other fitness related activities. A healthy diet alone however is inadequate to ensure a
healthy body as physical activity helps to keep one in shape and free of sickness and disease.
According to the World Health Organization, only one in ten people exercise regularly and a
majority do not follow a healthy diet. The main culprit is our penchant for junk food as can be
seen from the popularity of fast food chains and other western eateries. even local foods such
as fried noodles, friend rice and snacks and savories are laden with fat and calories. Thus,
consuming this type of food on a daily basis can contribute to weight gain. Overweight and
obese people suffer from many health complications such as diabetes, high blood pressure,
high cholesterol and even cancer.
Hence, the emphasis on healthy lifestyle should start at a young age. Parents must urge their

children to eat more vegetables, fruits, juices, wholemeal and wholegrain foods. Many parents,
due to time constraint, usually find the easy way out by cooking two-minute noodles or heading
towards the nearest fast food joint for quick meal. They do not realize however that sets the
stage for an unhealthy lfestyle for their children who quickly become addicted to such foods.
Thus, parents can counter this problem by cooking or preparing meals that do not take up time
such as cheese sandwiches, soup, stir friend vegetables or buy pre-packed meals from
supermarkets which can be warmed up in the microwave oven.
Dining out usually involves eating heavily and unhealthily. Most of us are prone to ordering deep
fried food and oily dishes as opposed to steamed or baked food. Thus, though eating out is
unavoidable, parents of children and adults as a hole should order fresh food and foods that are
nutritious and not laden with oil, fat or sugar. Once a pattern of healthy eating is established, it
would be easier to carry through such a lifestyle and for the children to follow suit.
School canteens must be urged to sell only highly nutritious food and drinks. Vending machines
that sell soft drinks and drinks that are spiked with sugar should be banned. Hence, school
going children would be exposed to healthy eating form young.
Daily exercise is vital. In fact, schools should implement Physical education on a daily basis
rather than twice weekly. Only the minority are actively involved in sports. Most students are
sedentary and prefer to concentrate on their studies as they consider indulging in physical
activities a waste of time. By enforcing regular exercise daily, these students would be exposed
to the importance and benefits of exercise.
Many parents and adults do not allocate time for physical activity. A large number of them work
long hours and return home late thereby depriving themselves of the benefits of exercise.
Parents must lead an exemplary life which can benefit their children by increasing awareness
on the health benefits of exercising regularly. Bringing their children for walks in the morning or
evening is a good start to achieve this goal. They should become members of clubs which have
swimming pools and gym facilities. During the weekend, the family can strengthen their bond by
adjourning to clubs for exercise and a healthy meal after that.
In short, leading a healthy lifestyle is a conscious decision. One can ignore that and lead a life
that exposes one to many healthy hazards. it is important to recognize that a healthy living
ensures a longer life span as well as a life free of disease and complications.

We live in a world where not many of us have time to keep healthy or stay fit. Is it really that
important to eat healthily? The answer to that question is yes! And it is much easier than youd
first think!
Healthy living is a combination of so many things, some psychological, some physical. The first
step to living a healthy life is to think positive. The next is the need to motivate your self to take
part in any fitness-style activity. It is all very good and well saying, I will take up fitness as part
of my every-day routine, but you need to actually motivate yourself to do it (Null 2007).
Fitness is one of the first steps you can take to live a healthy lifestyle. Just a small amount of
exercise everyday, whether it be taking the stairs instead of the elevator, or walking to the next
bus stop, will make all the difference. You dont have to be a fitness freak to be healthy; you just

have to partake in a small amount of physical exercise everyday to maintain a good level
of fitness. Not only will it improve your lifestyle and make for ahealthy living, but you will also
find that this added amount of exercise will also increase your energy levels, meaning you will
feel less lethargic during your day.
You may not enjoy spending hours working out at the gym or running for hours on end, and the
news is, you dont have to, there is a physical activity out there to suit everybody. Swimming is
not only relaxing, but also good for not only losing weight and maintaining a healthy lifestyle; it
also improves muscle definition and provides a healthy, toned looking figure.
Exercising is only way in which you can obtain ahealthy living. Eating correctly and providing
your body with right levels of nutrition is also good. In todays society, so many people just
simply do not have the time or money to buy and prepare fresh, healthy food everyday.
However, it doesnt have to be as difficult as you would first imagine (hc-sc.gc.ca 2007 [online
source])
Something simple, like swapping your mid-day chocolate bar or fissy drink to a fruit juice or an
apple, will again, improve your health and help you maintain the right level of calories that your
body needs.
You dont have to starve yourself to death in order to be nutritious. Its just a case of eating the
right foods. Obviously, eating a lifetimes supply of chocolate in under a week is never going to
get you the body, or level of fitness you desire! Its basically down to common sense. Fruit and
vegetables are healthy; therefore you should eat more of them. You should ideally be aiming for
at least five portions of fruit and vegetables per day. You should also aim to drink at least eight
pints of water per day (Jensen 2000).
Being nutritious is not as hard ad you may think. Changing a few simple things will do you the
world of good. Cut down on sugar in your tea; change from butter to margarine, even something
as small as having low-fat versions of drinks and condiments will make a difference.
Obviously, what works for everybody else, may not necessarily work for you. If you want to get
the optimum levels of nutrition for your body, you could see a dietician that will tell you,
explicitly, what you should be eating, and what you should be cutting down on. You can also
read books and websites dedicated to helping you lose weight and reach optimum fitness. All
you need to do is find a way that works for you.
Nutrition and fitness is essential for a healthy living. Not only will you look and feel good, but
by eating the right things and doing the right amount of exercise, you could also lower your
chances of getting some pretty serious life-threatening diseases. Heart disease, for example, is
one of the biggest killers in overweight people. Its your decision, at the end of the day, whether
you want a healthy living or not, but you should be aware, that it is not difficult and you can do
it!

INTERNET

Nowadays, with the help of the technological progress, people can enjoy their online life.
Sometimes the obsession with the Internet is limiting peoples personal relationships, as the
virtual way of life attracts more and more often people of different ages. It can be said that
obsession with the Internet is dumping down todays youth, as young people are very sensitive
to the technology, innovations, and they want to try all the possible innovative ideas
implemented today. The Internet offers tremendous scope for work, leisure, communication,
exchange of diverse information. You can safely say that since its inception at home of almost
every person, the world moved to a new level of development. Specifically, the new form of
acquired concepts such as business and management, communication between users, the
ability to calculate the virtual money with real power and so on. Today, staying online for the
majority of people, who have computers at home, means more than staying offline. These
days, people are relying too much on the Internet and on the virtual way of life, which has
reasons. Internet era has changed the perception of having rest or relaxation for many people,
as the unknown world of virtual reality seems to have something special. As a fact, obsession
with the Internet is limiting peoples personal relationships, which leads to different
circumstances. Social networking online, as a fact, does not have a lot of positive effect on
peoplebut there is the visible negative effect that limits the peoples ability to have deep
relationships. This kind of communication causes many problems and as a result people
forget how to communicate offline, as it is more challenging. Peoples obsession with the new
technologies is definitely dumping down todays youth as they cannot control their behavior
Online way of life sets much more limits for the youth than for the adults as they have more
experience in communication. There are suppositions that Internet makes people more silly at
the same time there are so many resources to choose from that everything has become much
simpler that in was before the invention of the Internet. There are so many possibilities in the
Internet that people get lost some choose working with the help of Internet and depict the
most useful things it can offer and others only pay attention on the online sphere of
entertainment that never ends All in all, the technology has definitely changed humanity for
better or maybe Modern technology is really creating a rift between the social classes
because middle class and rich people have the access to the newest technologies, to the
newest and the most exclusive opportunities, unlike poor people. That is why a person in a
developed country can be using iPad, while a person in the developed country or in a thirdworld country may not know what the computer is. This happens because there are many
nuances considering the technology, as some social classes do not follow the news and they
have another interests and problems to solve. The change of interaction of people online can
affect relationship in the long run because it depends on people, on their way of communication,
on their intentions and interests, also on how they are involved in the virtual world and what
exactly they are looking for in this world. It is difficult to say if the physical interaction will deplete
in the future, but today the tendency is that people spend more and more time online, as they
like the way it happens, they stay in comfort, they can communicate with anyone, they can send
letters, do business, study, entertain, work and much more. In my opinion, social networking
online has a negative effect on the ability to have deep relationships, because while
communicating online, a person forgets how to communicate offline, how to talk to a person, to
gesticulate, to be yourself. It becomes more and more difficult for those who spent a
considerable amount of time in from of the computer and decided to know a person offline. It

may be very challenging. Social networking is a very profitable business that attracts people
because it is brand new, always interesting, it offers plenty of possibilities and people feel
importance when they are communicating via social networks. Probably people start forgetting
that relationships are a very important thing that has to be supported with emotions and
feelings, and, of course, not virtual messages and e-mails. Today, in a busy world, people try to
save time as much as possible, as there is much time that is spent on work, on online
communication, and sometimes, people do not find time for the rest with the loved ones and
friends. Virtual communication replaces the real, becomes dominant in human life. In
particular, this issue affects children and adolescents. In the social network everything is simple
and impersonal, typed message, sent him, got the answer. There are no facial expressions,
movements, eye contact, language, postures and gestures, no real emotions. A person, being a
long time in the network, communicates virtually, weans from simple human interaction, and
becomes addicted to the computer and the network itself. The communication online has
visible advantages for those who value this type of communication. First, each registered user
can find their acquaintances, friends, coworkers, colleagues, etc. You may find people, and they
can find you. In real life it is very important to keep in touch. The world is moving, people are
constantly looking for something, can lose contact with their friends and loved ones, but social
networks are a wonderful chance to find and not to forget. Second, each person can make new
friends, that is, to find like-minded people with similar interests. Enough to join the group you
want, interesting to you and the rest the business equipment. You can just communicate on
the network But who knows, maybe virtual communication substitutes real? Thus, the social
network is one of the new methods to make acquaintance, but whether they will be necessary
and useful, depends only on the user. Third, social networks allow you to view files, videos and
photos of other users, leave comments, and send messages. Functionality such resources are
enormous. These acts help to relax, to get the most out of virtual communication, to lift your
spirits or simply kill time. Each user has its own purpose and motivation for the use of social
networking. A list of pros can go on and on, but the above three are the basic. It is such an
opportunity to attract users, but it is not that beautiful as it may seem at first glance. Wrong
choice of targets and priorities arise when communicating online all the time. For some people
visiting the personal pages is becoming a daily ritual, a person can several times during the day
come to your personalized page, hoping to see there will be any changes. Others seek to add
as many friends on a bet or just because. Agree, useless and pointless endeavor. However,
some users repeat it every day. The main cons include the senseless and unjustified waste of
personal time, lack of results, and the commission action on the machine. Juveniles and adult
users are at risk to their mental health over time, become irritable and withdrawn when the
computer is not handy. Social networks do not themselves generate such defects. In general
appearance of the cons is caused by human error, the behavior of the individual. Social
networks are the main reason for which is growing amount of time spent on the Internet this
conclusion was reached by the studys authors Never Ending Friending. Relationships online
cannot be as deep as a personal relationships because a computer will never be able to
substitute the person who is alive, full of emotions, of love, of other feelings. Online way of life
should be only temporary when, for example, a person whose relatives live abroad, can
communicate with them via Internet. Staying online gives a feeling that a person is in another
real life and he is playing by its rules. Sometimes relationships from online become offline and

people even create a family, but the majority of online relationships are just for fun, to distract, to
communicate, and to kill time. And also, disputes over whether to allow employees to use
during working hours social networks, appear to never run out. This is not surprising when you
consider what role they play in our lives and what coverage they have. Wilkinsburg Susan
Ferguson, High School teacher, said that One thing is to use social media for the interests of
the company, and quite another when they get carried away blindly. An employer shall not
prohibit employees from visiting their pages on Facebook or on other resources, and to prevent
the use of social networks has become a waste of time. Social networks help to better
represent the company and all its employees, to establish useful contacts and respond quickly
to any changes that occur in the world. Therefore it is unreasonable to prohibit visits to these
resources during working hours, a person just needs to be able to work with them says
Ferguson. I think that today people are relying too much on the Internet as a way to live,
because some people cannot imagine their life without a computer. Some people already
cannot imagine their work without Internet, others cannot imagine their studying without a
computer and some people, especially children and adolescents do not want to give up the
involvement in the social networks and online games. Some people are fond of listening to
music, watching films and downloading pictures. The possibilities of Internet are so broad that
almost each person can find something interesting and indispensable for himself. As a fact,
todays obsession with technology is very high, as all these new gadgets and opportunities are
interesting for people and they want to try all of them. Today, people are curious and want to
know the latest inventions. As described by Guillermo Gomez-Pena in The Virtual Barrio @
the Other Frontier, [Mexicans] are simple people. They are happy with the little they got
They are not ambitious and complex like us. They dont need all this technology to
communicate. Sometimes I just feel like going down there and living among them. (p. 555). It
shows that people can live without technology, having other interests, probably more interesting
than the online world. The writing also has changed; some people tell that for the better, others
say that for the worse. The writing online today represents blogging, micro blogging, online
journalism and different updates of the news on the websites. Technology has definitely
changed humanity, as nowadays people devote a lot of time to the online way of life, exploring
it, reading, watching, listening and communicating. Some people can balance and live in
harmony with the technologies, but some people become addicted to the technologies, to the
computer especially. They create their own virtual world of online friends, of the websites to visit,
of the places to spend time, of the games to play, of the videos to download People no more
want to share their thoughts, their dreams or ideas with their friends in offline, instead they
choose the options to write about all that in their blogs and micro blogs. Communication offline
has become something challenging especially for adolescents these day, as it is much easier to
respond or to give ideas when a person is at home and he does not fear to see the reaction of
another person who will read his message. The more people get involved in the virtual world,
the more challenging it is to get out of there. But, anyway, technology is a very useful tool for
todays life, business entertainment. People can save millions of dollars if they have Skype for
example. Technologies have their advantages and obvious benefits for the humanity if the
progress is used for the good. The thing is that it is important to know how to balance offline and
online life. The control of the time spent online can help people plan their life effectively and take
advantage of the newest technologies, to earn money with the help of them and to find useful

programs and resources to obtain the new knowledge that will benefit a persons life in the
future. Managing personal time and having clear goals will determine the way a person has
chosen and the policy of communication he believes in. All in all, the important thing is to have
a balance in life to be able to use the newest technologies, to depict useful points and
information. Studying and working has become easier and there are a lot of opportunities for
entertainment, communication, games, watching movies, listening to music and reading
international newspapers/journals. There are many things to choose in the online world and
people can take advantage of that.

GADGET
Nowadays Gadgets are very essential part of our society. We need gadgets to do and promote
our business, to have some creation and help us get through our daily lives. Businessmen
usually carry laptops and mobile phones to connect with the latest news about their businesses.
They also create their daily reports through electronic gadgets.

Electronic gadgets have made our lives much easier for home makers, businessmen,
executives and entrepreneurs as they can monitor and work while they are away. Gadgets are
not useful only for doing work they are a great source for entertainment also such as music
players, televisions, i-pads, i-pods etc.
Advantages of electronic gadgets
Electronic gadgets give us Learning Options:- Through the modernization of
thetechnology now we use different kinds of gadgets to memorize instead of traditional
teaching methods, such as lecturing, which is typically structured toward a specific learning
style. We now moved on to the virtually learning style. With the help of technology, we made
gadgets and give a choice to the students of learning visually, textually.
Electronic gadgets give us a better option of conserving Quality of Information:- through
electronic gadgets we can bring the internet in the home, conference room, class room and
again through the help of gadgets we can record our recipes, presentations, lectures and keep a
safe and manageable quality of information. Gadgets make our things compact.
Electronic gadget brings joy to our family, through the accessories like a webcam, phones,
televisions etc. If we stay away from our family then, these gadgets make distant things nearer
and make human accessibility really easy.

The world is within your hands: through the gadgets we can connect to the world by just a
click. We can make our profile in various social networking sites such as twitter, face book;
yahoo, orkut etc and we can meet different people online and make more friends.
We can get the favorite recipe of the delicious dishes through the help of a tab or mobile phone.
We can cook different cuisine without the help of a teacher and surprise our family and friends.
One can almost do everything possible with the help of gadgets and internet. But as we all know
that coin have two faces one good and another one bad, electronic gadgets have disadvantages
as well. Gadgets are powered by electricity to recharge their batteries.
Due to the usage of electricity they produce a harmful wave which affects our eyes and body.
People may suffer from common problems like indigestion, extreme fatigue, brain fog etc. We
use Cell phones for contacting people anytime, but the radiation produced by phones can affect
your brain and as a result can cause cancer.
Electronic gadgets make us more and more dependent on themselves. The use of gadgets
makes People mechanical. Nowadays, human beings are not be able to do a simple work
without taking help of a gadget.
Therefore, it can be concluded that there are both advantages and disadvantages of using
electronic gadgets.

NATURAL DISASTER
Natural disasters happen all over the world, and they can be utterly devastating for peoples
lives and the environments in which they live. Although natural disasters are caused by nature
and there is nothing that we can do to prevent them happening, there are many different natural
causes that lead to natural disasters, and being aware of these causes enables us to be better
prepared when such disasters do arrive.
One common natural disaster is flooding, which occurs when a river bursts its banks and the
water spills out onto the floodplain. This is far more likely to happen when there is a great deal
of heavy rain, so during very wet periods, flood warnings are often put in place. There are other
risk factors for flooding too: steep-sided channels cause fast surface run-off, while a lack of
vegetation or woodland to both break the flow of water and drink the water means that there is
little to slow the floodwater down. Drainage basins of impermeable rock also cause the water to
run faster over the surface.
Earthquakes are another common natural disaster that can cause many fatalities. The
movements of the plates in the earths crust cause them. These plates do not always move
smoothly and can get stuck, causing a build-up of pressure. It is when this pressure is released

that an earthquake occurs. In turn, an earthquake under the water can also cause a tsunami, as
the quake causes great waves by pushing large volumes of water to the surface.
Tsunamis can also be caused by underwater volcanic eruptions. Volcanic eruptions are another
natural disaster, and they are caused by magma escaping from inside the earth. An explosion
takes place, releasing the magma from a confined space, which is why there are often also
huge quantities of gas and dust released during a volcanic eruption. The magma travels up the
inside of the volcano, and pours out over the surrounding area as lava.
One of the most common natural disasters, but also one of the most commonly forgotten, is
wildfires. These take place in many different countries all over the world, particularly during the
summer months, and can be caused by a range of different things. Some of the things that can
start the wildfires can be totally natural, while others can be manmade, but the speed at which
they spread is entirely down to nature. The two natural causes of wildfires are the suns heat
and lightning strikes, while they can also be caused by campfires, smoking, fireworks and many
other things. The reasons that they spread so quickly are prolonged hot, dry weather, where the
vegetation dries out, which is why they often take place in woodland.

FLOOD
A flood is a body of water that covers land which is normally dry. Floods
are common natural disasters that can affect millions of people around the world.
They destroy houses and buildings, and carry soil away from valuable farming land. Floods
can also contaminatedrinking water and lead to diseases. They are often caused by rivers,
but overflowing lakes and seas can also cause flooding.
Flooding has always been a part human history. Many ancient civilizations developed along
waterways and rivers because people needed water for their fields.
Floods are not always destructive natural events. Before the Assuan High Dam was built yearly
floods in Egypt brought along nutrientsand made the land around the Nile very fertile. Every
year floods during the monsoon season in Bangladesh deposit fertile soil but also kill
thousands of people and leave millions homeless.
How do floods occur?
At least once a year the plains around large rivers are flooded. This is due to the amount of
water that rivers bring with them, because of heavy rainfall or melting snow in the mountainous
regions. Thunderstorms can cause flash floods, in which small rivers can swellquickly and
carry up to ten times the normal amount of water.

Rivers that flow slowly carry water, sand and silt. They build up their own beds, making them
higher than the land around them. The Huang He, or Yellow River, in China and the Mississippi
in North America are examples for such rivers. Flooding here builds up slowly but causes
more damage because more land is affected.
Coastal regions can also be affected by flooding. After earthquakes on the ocean
floor tsunamis can bring up to 15-metre high waves and flood the coast many miles inland. In
2004, a devastating tsunami in the Indian Ocean killed over 250,000 people in Indonesia, Sri
Lanka, Thailand and other countries.
Tropical storms, cyclones and hurricanes also lead to flooding. Hurricane Katrina caused
a massive flooding of the whole MississippiDelta in 2004. Most of New Orleans had to
be evacuated because of widespread flooding.
Low-lying countries are in permanent danger of being flooded. A large section of The
Netherlands, for example, lie below sea level. In the past, ocean water from the North
Sea flooded much of the country. Today a series of dikes and dams protect the land behind the
coast.
Floods are also caused by humans. Trees and plants normally help absorb too much water.
When forests are cut or burned down, water from rainfall flows down barren land and
produces mudslides. Too much water pressure on dams can lead to cracks in the concrete or
even cause a dam to break completely.
Flood protection
Today flood protection has a high priority in countries that are in danger. Dams are built along
rivers to regulate the flow of water. They are often connected with hydroelectric power plants.
In some areas rivers are dredged and their beds are laid deeper. In alpine
regions reservoirs are built to hold back water and control the flow of small rivers.
London is protected from flooding by the Thames Barrier, a construction that moves up and
stops water from getting in to London when it reaches a certain height.
In many areas, authorities provide quick and unbureaucratic help for people who
have suffered from flooding. Special boats pick up people who are trapped on roofs or on the
upper floors of buildings. Shelters are set up for people who are
left homeless. Rebuildingafter massive floods often takes months and sometimes even years.

UMAR ABDUL AZIZ

JEDDAH: THERE are a few rulers in the world who have left indelible impressions in history.
Caliph Umar bin Abdul Aziz tops that list. He is considered one of the finest rulers in Muslim
history, second only to the four rightly guided caliphs Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali (RA).
In fact, in some circles, he is affectionately referred to as the fifth and the last caliph of Islam.
The Roman emperor, when heard about his death, said: "A virtuous person has passed away... I
am hardly surprised to see an ascetic who renounced the world and give himself to the prayers
of Allah. But I am certainly surprised at a person who had all the pleasures of the world at his
feet and yet he shut his eyes against them and lived a life of piety and renunciation."
Umar bin Abdul Aziz ruled as a caliph for only 30 months but during this short period he
changed the world. His tenure was the brightest period in the 92-year history of the Umayyad
Caliphate.
He was the son of Abdul Aziz bin Marwan, the governor of Egypt while his mother, Umm-i-Aasim
was the granddaughter of Caliph Umar Ibn Al Khattab.
Umar bin Abdul Aziz was born in 63 A.H. (682 A.D.) in Halwan, Egypt, but he received his
education in Madinah from his mothers uncle, the celebrated scholar Abdullah Ibn Umar. He
stayed in Madinah till his fathers death in 704 A.D., when he was called by his uncle Caliph
Abdul Malik and was married to his daughter Fatima. He was appointed governor of Madinah in
706 A.D. succeeding Caliph Waleed bin Abdul Malik.
Umar remained governor of Madinah throughout the reigns of Caliph Walid and Caliph
Suleiman. But when Suleiman fell seriously ill, he wanted to appoint heir, as his sons were still
minors. Reja ibn Haiwah, the adviser, proposed to him to appoint his cousin Umar bin Abdul
Aziz as his successor. Suleiman accepted the suggestion.
After being nominated caliph, Umar addressed the people from the pulpit saying: O people, I
have been nominated your caliph despite my unwillingness and without your consent. So here I
am, I relieve you of your pledge (baiyat) that you have taken for my allegiance. Elect
whomsoever you find suitable as your caliph." People shouted: "O Umar, we have full faith in
you and we want you as our caliph." Umar continued, O people, obey me as long as I obey
Allah; and if I disobey Allah, you are not duty-bound to obey me."
Umar was extremely pious and averse to worldly luxuries. He preferred simplicity to
extravagance. He deposited all assets and wealth meant for the ruling caliph into the Bait Al
Maal. He even abandoned the royal palace and preferred to live in a modest house. He wore
rough clothes instead of royal robes and often went unrecognized in public like his great
grandfather Caliph Umar ibn Al Khattab.
After his appointment as caliph he discarded all the pompous appendages of princely lifeservants, slaves, maids, horses, palaces, golden robes and real estates and returned them to
Bait Al Maal. He also asked his wife Fatima to return the jewelry she had received from her
father Caliph Abdul Malik. The faithful wife complied with his bidding and deposited all of it in the
Bait Al Maal. Later, he got his articles of luxury auctioned for 23,000 dinars and spent the
amount for charitable purposes."
He never built a house of his own. Allama Suyuti in his historical work "Taarikh Al Khulafaa"
records that Umar spent only two dirhams a day when he was caliph. He received lesser salary
than his subordinates. His private properties yielded an income of 50,000 dinars annually before
his nomination, but when he returned all his properties to the Bait Al Maal, his private income
was reduced to 200 dinars per annum. This was his wealth when he was commanding the vast

Caliphate from the borders of France in the West to the borders of China in the East.
Once his wife found him weeping after prayers. She asked what had happened. He replied: "I
have been made the ruler over the Muslims and I was thinking of the poor who are starving, and
the sick who are destitute, and the naked who are in distress, and the oppressed that are
stricken, and the stranger that is in prison, and the venerable elder, and him that hath a large
family and small means, and the like of them in countries of the earth and the distant provinces,
and I felt that my Lord would ask me about them on the Day of Resurrection, and I feared that
no defense would avail me (at that time), and I wept."
He was very considerate to his subjects.
His generous reforms and leniency led the people to deposit their taxes willingly. Ibn Kathir
writes that thanks to the reforms undertaken by Umar, the annual revenue from Persia alone
increased from 28 million dirham to 124 million dirham.
He undertook extensive public works in Persia, Khorasan and North Africa, including the
construction of canals, roads, rest houses for travelers and medical dispensaries.
The result was that during his short reign of two and half years, people had become so
prosperous and contented that one could hardly find a person who would accept alms.
Umar is credited with having ordered the first collection of Hadith, in an official manner, fearing
that some of it might be lost. Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Hazm and Ibn Shihab Al-Zuhri, were
among those who compiled Hadith at Umars behest.
Following the example of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him), Umar sent out emissaries to
China and Tibet, inviting their rulers to embrace Islam. It was during the time of Umar that Islam
took roots and was accepted by a large segment of the population of Persia and Egypt. When
the officials complained that because of conversions, the jizya revenues of the state had
experienced a steep decline, Umar wrote back saying that Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be
upon him) was sent as a prophet (to invite the people to Islam) and not as a tax collector." He
abolished home tax, marriage tax, stamp tax and many other taxes as well. When many of his
agents wrote that his fiscal reforms in favor of new converts would deplete the Treasury, he
replied, "Glad would I be, by Allah, to see everybody become Muslim so that you and I would
have to till the soil with our own hands to earn a living."
Once a Muslim murdered a non-Muslim of Hira. Caliph Umar, when informed of the event,
ordered the governor to do justice in the case. The Muslim was surrendered to the relations of
the murdered person who killed him.
The general princely class of that time could not digest these policies of justice, simplicity and
equality. A slave of the caliph was bribed to administer the deadly poison to him. The caliph
having felt the effect of the poison sent for the slave and asked him why he had poisoned him.
The slave replied that he was given 1,000 dinars for the job. The caliph took the amount from
him and deposited it in Bait Al Maal. Freeing the slave he asked him to leave the place
immediately, lest anyone might kill him. This was his last deposit in the Bait Al-Maal for the
welfare of Muslims.
Umar died in Rajab 101 AH at the age of 38 in a rented house at the place called Dair Simaan
near Homs. He was buried in Dair Simaan on a piece of land he had purchased from a
Christian. He reportedly left behind only 17 dinars with a will that out of this amount the rent of
the house in which he died and the price of the land in which he was buried would be paid. And

thus departed the great soul from the world.

May Almighty Allah rest his soul in peace and award him the best place in Paradise.