Professional Documents
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Cognitive Development
The First three Years
From C. 3 of Human Development
By Papalia,D., Olds,S.W. & Feldman,R.D.(2004)
Presentation Created by Patricia M. Abdalla, Ph. D. Asst. Prof. Central Ohio Technical College Newark, Ohio.
I. Intelligent Behavior is
Goal directed
Adaptive
A. Behaviorist Approach
Focus on Mechanics of Learning
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Psychometric Approach
Emphasis on measurement
Intelligence Quotient (I.Q. Test)
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Psychometric Approach
Benefit:
Limitation:
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Psychometric Approach
What factors can influence I.Q.?
Socio Economic Status.
Parenting Practices
Home Environment
Psychometric Approach
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to explore
Mentoringlabeling, sorting, comparing
Celebration of accomplishments
Guidance in practicing
Stimulation of language
Protection
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Piagetian Approach
Intelligence is rooted in biological processes:
Organization
Adaptation
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Assimilation
Accommodation
Equilibration
Piagetian Approach
Children construct knowledge by acting on objects and interacting with people.
New cognitive structures depend on previous structures.
Growth is gradual and in stages
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PostPiagetian Research
Some
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Object permanence
Categorization
Numbers
Causality
Newer Approaches
Information
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Habituation/Dishabituation
Information processing ability is a modest predictor of later intelligence!
Newer Approaches
Cognitive
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Processing Approach
Neuroscience Approach
Newer Approaches
Social-Contextual Approach
Social interaction with adults
Guided participation
Scaffolding
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Language Development
Sequence
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Early Speech
Young
Children:
Simplify
Under extend/ Overextend word meanings
Over generalize Rules
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of Early Development
Position
Position
Interactionist
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Position
Brain
Maturation
Genetic and temperamental Influences
Social Interaction
Reading Aloud
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