Biology

Biology is the study of life or living organisms.

bios - life
logy - (original: logos) which means study.
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Card 2: Importance of Biology

Importance of Biology
• better understanding on the functions of human body.
• better understanding on the causes of diseases and its
cure.
• better understanding on ecology and henceimprove the
management of problems related to the environment.
• saving animal and plant species which arefacing
extinction.
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Card 3: Fields of Biology Research

Fields of Biology Research
 • Anatomy • Entomology
• Physiology • Developmetal
• Cell biology biology

• Molecular • Ecology
biology • Zoology
• Genetics • Botany
• Microbiology • Taxonomy
• Bacteriology • Histology

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Card 4: Career Related to Biology

Career Related to Biology

Medicine Doctor, nurse, dentist, pharmacist, veterinarian,

physiotherapist

Biotechnology Biotechnologist, nutritionist, food technologist

Agriculture Estate manager, botanist, agricultural officer

Industry Research officer, scientist

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Charecteristic of Living Organism
Metapolism: Obtain energy for life and activities

Respiration: Breakdown food to obtain energy for growth,

movement....

Nutrition: -Sources of energy and growth

-Repair dameged tissue

Locomotion: Moving from place to place (only for animal)

Reproduction: Reproduce offspring

Growth: Increasing in size

Excretion: Expelled waste from body

Theory of Cell
 1. All organisms are made up of one or more cells ..
2. Cells are the fundamental and structural unit of life.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
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Card 2: State 3 non-organelle structures of a cell

Non-organelle Structures of Cell
1. Plasma membrane
2. Cytoplasm
3. Cell wall (plant cell only)
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Card 3: List down all the organelle structures of a cell (totally 7)

Organelle Structures of a Cell
1. Nucleus
2. Endoplasmic Recticulum
3. Mitochondrion
4. Ribosom
5. Golgi apparatus
6. Vacuole
7. Chloroplast (plant cell only)
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Card 4: What is the function of plasma membrane in a cell?

Plama Membrane
 1. Separates the content of the cell from its external
environment.
2. Regulates the movement of substances entering and
leaving the cell.
3. Allows the exchange of nutrients, respiratory gases
and wastes products between the cell and its
environment
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Card 5: What is the function of cytoplasm in a cell?

Cytoplasm
1. Maintain the shape of the cell.
2. Acts as a medium for the biochemical reactions occur
within the cell
3. Storing chemical substances such as glicogen
granules (in animal cells), starch granules (inplant cells)
and enzymes.
4. Stores a variety of organelle.
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Card 6: What is the function of cell wall in a cell?

Cell Wall
1. Support the cell and the plant.
2. Maintain the shape of the cell.
3. Prevents the cell from bursting when too much water
enters the cell through osmosis.
4. Allows substances to move through it.
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Card 7: What is the function of nucleus in a cell?
Nucleus
1. Contains the genetic material of a cell.
2. Controls the activities of the cell.
3. Produces ribosomes and ribonucleic acids(RNA).
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Card 8: What is the function of Endoplasmic recticulum (ER) in a cell?

Endoplasmic Recticulum (ER)
Rough Endoplasmic Recticulum:
• Transporting the newly synthesised protein.
• Involve in the systhesis of protein.
• Provides surface for chemical reaction
Smooth Endoplasmic Recticulum:
• Transporting lipids and glycerols.
• Synthesising lipids and other non-protein substances.
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Card 9: What is the function of mitochondrion in a cell?

Mitochonrion
1. Produces ATP (Adenosine triphosphate.)
2. Site of energy production through cellular respiration..
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Card 10: What is the function of ribosom in a cell?

Ribosomes
Site for synthesising protein.
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Card 11: What is the function of golgi apparatus in a cell?

Golgi Apparatus
• Site for the production of enzyme andlysosome.
• Produces polysacharides, glycoproteins andsecretory
enzyme.
• Storing and modifying carbohydrate and glycoprotein.
• Transport and store lipid.
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Card 12: What is the function of vacuole in a cell?

Vacuole
1. Stores food (Carbohydrate, amino acid) and water.
2. Support herbaceous plants when it is turgid.
3. Stores organic waste (in leaf cells).
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Card 13: What is the function of chloroplast in a cell?

Chloroplast
Contain chlorophyll and hence a site for photosynthesis to take
place.