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Experiment No.:- 01
Expt. No.:- 1
A gear pump is made of two meshing gears. This is a rotating machine. It simply pushes
liquid form one side to another side. It is a positive displacement type pump. This type of
pump is used for supplying lubricating oil to motors, turbines, machine tools where
forced lubricating is necessary.
The gear are placed side by side in an internal gear pump. A partial teeth enmesh,
drawing fluid into the chambers formed between the teeth. The chambers carry the fluid
around the outside of gears, where it is forced out as the teeth mesh again at the outlet.
As the gear mesh together, only fluid left in the chamber develops a high level of
pressure. Decompression notches a high level of pressure. Decompression notches
machined into side plants relive this fluid and the corresponding pressure. Any unrelieved
fluid is channeled into a groove used to lubricate the bearing.
The double version has two single pumps, each with its own outlet port but sharing a
common inlet port and input shaft. A double pump can serve two separate hydraulic
circuits or supply a single circuit with greater volume.
The lobe pump operates on the same principal as external pump, but has a higher
displacement because each of the two gears has only three teeth that are much wider and
more rounded than those found on a regular external gear. This makes the lobe pump,
better than external gear pump and better suited for use with shear sensitive fluids, as
well as type of pump has relatively low pressure capability and tends to deliver a more
pulsating flow.
Discharge:
Let,
= Width of gear
= Module in mm
= Width of gear mm
n1
= Angle of incidence
Qt
Working:
Rotating of gears opens and closes the suction and delivery ports at the appropriate time.
On the suction side, the liquid to be pumped fills the gap between the meshing gears from
the direction opposite to that of rotation. The liquid entrapped between the gap in the
successive teeth on the gear, passes round the casing and finally finds its way to delivery
side. On the delivery side, two streams of liquid come together, one from driving gear
and other from driven gear. The major volume of liquid is pushed to delivery port and
small portion finds its way back to the suction side.
The power of the teeth and play between them i.e between the flanks have no influence
on discharge of the pump. More the play more liquid finds its way back to section. But at
the some time, it increases the volume between successive teeth and hence the discharge
of the pump. The section side is separated from the delivery side by the flanks of meshing
teeth and casing of the pump. To have better separation, the discharge between the casing
and gears should be as small as possible.
For efficient working, the teeth of gear pump should be ground precisely and also casing
should be finished smooth. In case of liquid to be pumped is lubricating oil, the bearing
either roller or bush bearing either roller or bush bearings are provided within the casing.
High speed pumps can produce a vacuum upto7 m of water. The gear pumps are normally
expected to work upto small heads only. High head pumps have been provided with
safety valves, which works when the pressure is excessive and allow the fluid to flow
back in the sump.
Materials used :
i. Casing
- cast iron
ii. Gears
- Hardened steel.
Teeth on gears are normally in volute but for better grip, helical teeth are also provided.
Mechanical Engineering Department 6
Procedure:1. Fill the supply tank properly with oil uptothe requires height.
2. Open the delivery valve on the delivery side fully.
3. Start the motor and allow the oil to flow through the pipe.
4. Throttle the gate valve and obtain the required head.
5. Note down following observations
a) Vacuum gauge reading.
b) Pressure gauge reading.
C) Time taken from collecting 2 liters of oil.
d) The reading on the wattmeters.
CAUTION
While starting the motor, the delivery valve should not be fully closed.
Specifications:
Motor
Gear Pump
HP 1
Make Rotodel
Size x
kW 0.75
Capacity 20 lpm
Max. Pressure- 10 kg/cm2
OBESERVATION TABLE:
Sr.
No
Delivery
Pressure
Gauge reading
Pg ( kg/ cm2 )
Vacuum
Gauge
Reading
Pv ( mm Hg)
01
02
03
04
05
Sample Calculations:
(Reading No. )
1. Delivery Head
2. Suction Head
is
29
4. Discharge ( Q )
Mechanical Engineering Department 8
Inp ut power=
3600 1000 N
Energy meter constant t
6. Output power
= egQH
7. Efficiency =
RESULT TABLE:-
Sr.No.
Input power
Output Power
Efficiency
( kw )
( kw 0
(%)
01
02
03
04
05