Expt.

2 Kaplan Turbine

Apparatus Used:
1. Weights
2. Pipe wrench
Procedures:
PREPARATION:
1. First and foremost, before starting the experiment, make sure all the valves are closed and all other
connections are tight-fit and leak-free. (NOTE: to check if the valves are closed, turn them in the
clockwise direction.
2. All hand and neck accessories should be put away in order not to cause any casualties during
the experiment.
3. Be on your working attire and avoid wearing unnecessary clothing such as a scarf in order to
avoid accident such as the cloth being eaten by the shaft when it is already spinning.
4. Keep the gas cock open and the priming cap located in the centrifugal pump in order for the air to be
released when priming.
START-UP OPERATION/PRIMING:
5. After all things are prepared and ready, turn on the axial pump with the switch located above it
to start the priming.
6. Once the axial pump is turned on, open valve #4 to allow the water into the centrifugal pump. (NOTE:
To open, turn the valve in a counter-clockwise direction.
7. Wait for a few minutes to see to it that the water comes out of the priming cap of the
centrifugal pump.(NOTE: If you have observed that water is still not coming out of the priming valve,
strike the flange of the centrifugal pump located at the bottom of the floor. This process will close the
foot valve and will let the water fill the pump and not be sucked down.)
8. When water finally comes out of the priming valve, turn the shaft of the centrifugal pump to release
some of the trapped air.
9. After the air is removed, the gas cock and the priming cap can now be closed.
10. Turn on the centrifugal pump and at the same time, open the valve beside it as fast as you can and
make sure that the pressure does not cross the red line. Keep it turning as fast as you can until the
valve is fully opened. (NOTE: before turning on, close valve #4 first.
11. Adjust the bypass valve to obtain the desired pressure. When the desired pressure is achieved, the
valve located near the Kaplan Turbine can now be opened. Record the pressure reading.
12. Turn off the axial pump and close valve #4.
TURBINE OPERATION
13. Open valve #9 in the Kaplan turbine to feed it with water in the brakes. (NOTE: do not fully open this
valve as this causes the water to splash from all directions. Just adjust it enough for the water
to pass through and wont splash.)
14. Open valve #10, which is the inlet valve for the turbine.
15. Adjust the lever in order for the main shaft to turn. (NOTE: Make sure that the vane setting is at the
center at the start of the operation.)

16. You can now take the readings needed for the experiment.
17. Adjust the guide vanes to the desire setting. Record the setting.
18. Load the turbine by placing weights on the pan and adjust the screw rod connected to the belt until
the arm rested at the center of the pointer. Record the weight used and the rotational speed
from the gage connected on the belt drive
19. Note the reading of the pressure gauge at inlet and outlet.
20. To measure the volume flow rate, use the flow meter using the v notch weir. When the water levels on
the crest, the scale reading must be in zero, if not then subtract or add the corresponding needed
value. Record the reading in the scale.
21. Repeat steps 16- 19 but with a different vane angle setting (2.7, 5, 10.5, 15.2, 19.5, 23, 26.7, 29) and
weight. (for vane setting, refer to Fig. 13)
22. Tabulate all the acquired data.
23. Graph any relationships of the values taken from the operation to your own discretion.
SHUTTING DOWN:
24. Close valve #10 of the inlet opening of the turbine. (Refer to Fig. 12)
25. Close valve #9. (NOTE: You can simultaneously close both valves.)
26. Return the vane setting to the center.
27. Turn off the centrifugal pump. Once you turn it off, turn it slowly until the pointer reaches the
red line. After that, spin the valve as fast as you can until it is fully closed.