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Foundationdesignandconstruction/M.J.Tomlinson

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Foundationdesign
andconstruction/
M.J.Tomlinson
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1stMichaelJohn
Tomlinson
Abstract
PublicadoenmismoaoporlaeditorialSir
IsaacPitman&Sons
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CitationsCitations48
ReferencesReferences0

ReviewonSoilStabilization
Techniques

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/44722301_Foundation_design_and_construction_M_J_Tomlinson

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Foundationdesignandconstruction/M.J.Tomlinson

"Mixunderperforming
soilorsoftsoilswith
cementitiousbinderis
oneofthemajor
techniquesto
overcomethecreated
problemsandcement
and/orlimebasedare
thecommonbinders
used.Through
chemicalreaction,
binderssuchas
cementandlimecan
bondthesoilparticles
together(Cristeloet
al.,2012Cristeloet
al.,2013)butnot
throughphysical
reactions(Cristeloet
al.,2013).Forcivil
engineeringpurposes,
limeorcementhad
beenusedfor
improvingthehandling
ofsoilsaswellasthe
mechanicalproperties
(Sherwood,1993).
Cementapplicationin
soilhoweverbecomes
anissuerelatedto
environmentand
durability(Cristeloet
al.,2013)sinceit
releaseshighlevelsof
CO2during
production(Garciaet
al.,2009)and
chemicalvulnerability
duetosulphatesattack
ingroundorchemical
wasteswhenusein
soilimprovementor
structuralfoundations
(Tomlinson,2001).The
majorreaction
betweenlimeandsoil
wastobindtogether
thesoilparticles
throughatoughand
waterinsolublegel
(DiamondandKinter,
1965).Forshortterm
pozzolanicprocess,
theexchangedofion
betweencalciumions
fromlimeandcations
thatclosedtotheclay
particlesurface,can
transformedsoiltoa
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/44722301_Foundation_design_and_construction_M_J_Tomlinson

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Foundationdesignandconstruction/M.J.Tomlinson

strongflocculated
structurefromweak
dispersedstructure."

[Showabstract][Hideabstract]
ABSTRACT:Searchingforthebestsoil
stabilizerstoovercomeproblemsoccur
bythesoftsoilsarestillbeingthemain
concern,notonlytoachievetherequired
soilengineeringpropertiesbutalsoby
consideringthecostandtheeffecttothe
environment.Theobjectiveofthispaper
wastoreviewthetechniquesthathad
beendoneforsoilstabilizationbasedon
experimentalstudies.Investigationon
variousmaterialshadbeendoneinorder
toevaluatetheireffectivenessassoil
stabilizer,whichinvolvedtheuseof
sodiumhydroxideadditive,flyash
geopolymericbinder,variousashesand
cementitiousbinders.Thesematerials
werediscussedinthispaperandtheir
effectivenessforstabilizingsoftsoils
wereobservedfromtheobtained
results,onlyintermofstrength,basedon
unconfinedcompressivestrength(UCS)
testandCaliforniaBearingRatio(CBR)
testthathadbeenconducted.The
strengthofsoftsoilswassignificantly
increasedwiththeusedofthese
materialsandsupposedtheyhadthe
potentialaseffectivesoilstabilizersin
fieldapplication.
FulltextArticleJan2013AEJAle
SZSharifahZaliha
HKamarudin
+1moreauthor...

AMMustafa
[...]

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Applicationsofthe
observationalmethodindeep
foundations

"Rangesofskinfriction
valuesduringsinking
ofbothpneumaticand
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/44722301_Foundation_design_and_construction_M_J_Tomlinson

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Foundationdesignandconstruction/M.J.Tomlinson

opencaissonsin
differentsoilconditions
havebeenreportedby
Tomlinson[40].A
comparisonbetween
thevalues
recommendedby
TerzaghiandPeck[39]
andthosegivenby
Tomlinson[40]shows
aconsiderablescatter
ofskinfrictioninsimilar
soils[33].Thismakes
accurateestimationof
skinfrictionbeforethe
sinkingprocessrather
difficult."

[Showabstract][Hideabstract]
ABSTRACT:Theobservationalmethod
wasintroducedintogeotechnical
engineeringtoimproveboththeories
andconstructiontechniques.This
methodwasdevelopedtoavoidhighly
conservativeassumptionsaboutsoil
propertiesingeotechnicaldesignwhen
facedwithunavoidableuncertaintiesof
naturalgroundconditions.The
assumptionsinvolvedinsoilmechanics
theoriesusuallydiffertoacertainextent
fromreality.Theseassumptionscanbe
improvedbyemployingan
observationaldatabase.Thus,theoriesof
geotechnicalengineeringcanbe
developedbyobservationsduringthe
constructionstage.Moreover,precise
managementofconstructionworkby
closeobservationsisessentialtoavoid
riskandtoalterthedesignifneededto
matchtherealconditions.Thispaper
shedssomelightontheimportanceof
theobservationalconceptindeep
foundationsthroughthreecasestudies.
Thefirstonedemonstratestheeffectof
workinghypothesesondesignoutputsof
anopencaissonof22minternal
diameter.Theothertwocasestudies
presentthedifferencebetweentheory
andrealityduringconstructionstageof
augercastinplacepiles(ACIP)in
difficultsubsoilconditions.Importance
ofmergingthedocumentedtheories
withtheavailableobservationsis
discussed.Thestudyshowsthatworking
hypothesesandengineeringmodels
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/44722301_Foundation_design_and_construction_M_J_Tomlinson

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affectthecostandthetimerequiredfor
constructionofdeepfoundations.Field
observationsareessentialduring
installationofACIPatasite.Some
precautionsshouldbeconsideredwhen
drillingACIPthroughsandstoneof
inclinedtopsurface.Theseprecautions
aremainlydependentuponfield
observationsduringconstruction.ACIP
canbeusedeffectivelyinsoil
formationsthathavegalleriesandcaves
usingacementbentonitemixturetofill
theholesoftheunsuccessfulpiles.
Finally,thepapersharesaseriesof
practicalguidelineswithengineering
communityallovertheworldthatmay
assistindesignandconstructionofdeep
foundations.
FulltextArticleDec2012
FathiM.Abdrabbo
KhaledE.Gaaver

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ApplicationofBousinesq'sand
Westergaard'sformulaein
analysingfoundationstress
distributionforafailed
telecommunicationmast

"Inmostcaseswhere
thepilesareactingas
structuralfoundations,
theallowableloadis
governedsolelyfrom
considerationsof
tolerablesettlementat
theworkingload.An
idealmethodof
calculatingallowable
loadsonpileswould
beonewhichwould
enabletheengineerto
predictthe
loadsettlement
relationshipuptothe
pointoffailure,forany
giventypeandsizeof
pileinanysoilorrock
conditions(Tomlinson,
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Foundationdesignandconstruction/M.J.Tomlinson

1994).Estimationof
verticalstressesatany
pointinasoilmassdue
toexternalvertical
loadingsisofgreat
significanceinthe
predictionof
settlementsof
buildings,bridges,
embankmentsand
manyotherstructures.
"

[Showabstract][Hideabstract]
ABSTRACT:Theconcurrent
foundationfailureoftelecommunication
mastsinNigeriaandallovertheworld
whichendangerthelivesandproperties
ofresidentssituatedwithinthefall
distanceofthetelecommunicationmast
areathingofgreatconcern.Inthis
study,aGSMmastthatunderwent
foundationfailureatIbadan,OyoState,
Nigeriawascriticallyexaminedwitha
viewtoprovidingengineeringsolution.
Thesoilinvestigationattheglobal
systemformobilecommunications
(GSM)telecommunicationtower
comprisedoflaboratorytests:sieve
analysis,Atterberglimitsandmoisture
contenttestswerecarriedoutonthesoil
samplesobtainedwhileDutchcone
penetrometertestwasperformedonthe
sitetoadepthofrefusaltodeterminethe
allowablebearingpressureatvarious
depthsofthesoil.Theapplicationof
Boussineq'sandWestergard'sformulae
forpointloadsusingJavaprogrammeto
simulateandcomputethestress
distributionatvariouspredetermined
depthsshowedthestressdistribution
patternbeneaththefailedfoundationof
thestructure.Thestressdistribution
patternrevealedthatthesoilstrength
waslowerthantheimposedloadings
fromthestructuretherebyresultingin
differentialsettlementsandcracksatthe
foundation.Avarietyofengineering
solutionswererecommendedtoimprove
thesoilstrengthandthuspreventsuch
occurrencesinfuture.
FulltextArticleJul2012AEJAle
OlalekanYinkaOjedokun
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