ESOL Modifications

Stage of Writing

Preproduction

Early

Emergence

Intermediate

Pre-Writing/

Allow to draw

Production
Allow to write

Allow student to

Fluency
Writing in full

Thinking

more visuals

in both native

supplement

English with

for this step.

language and

English skill

larger focus on

English.

with native

the drawing with

language only

the text.

when they are

Hold

Draft using

really stuck.
Drafting in full

conferences

mostly English

English with

English and

more often to

words,

larger focus on

should be

help build

supplementing

the pair picture.

understandable

strength in

native language

just on the text

exploration

when they are

alone but is

and

very stuck

supported by the

Revising &

comprehension
Add visuals to

More

Pair with

picture.
Should be

Editing

peer evaluation

conferences at

students who

focused on fixing

sheets to

this step to build

have a high

meaning and

bridge

gaps in

compassion

grammar through

language gaps.

language.

level and will

peer and teacher

Offer the sheet

Pair with

work through

help.

in the native

students who

the piece

language as

have a high

thoroughly with

well.

compassion

the student.

Drafting

level and will

work through
the piece
thoroughly with
the student.

Drafting in full

Publishing

Can publish in
any way they

Sharing

Can publish in

Can publish in

any way they are any way they are

Can publish in
any way they are

are

comfortable

comfortable

comfortable with

comfortable

with just like

with just like

just like every

with just like

every other

every other

other student.

every other

student.

student.

student.
Allow student

Allow student to

Allow student to

Allow student to

to share visuals

share visuals

share visuals

share visuals

along with

along with their

along with their

along with their

their writing

writing on a

writing on a

writing on a share

on a share wall

share wall if

share wall if

wall if they are

if they are shy

they are shy or

they are shy or

shy or they can

or they can

they can oral

they can oral

oral share as well

oral share as

share as well

share as well

well