CENG 424-Engineering Hydrology

Scientists discover things. Engineers make them true.

ASSIGNMENT in FLOOD ROUTING

Reporter: Robelie Mae Gilapon
1. Differentiate Stream flow Routing from Reservoir Routing.
Answer:
Reservoir Routing is a process of determining the reservoir
stage (referring to the height/elevation of water surface above a
fixed datum), storage volume of the outflow hydrograph provided
that the inflow hydrograph of the reservoir is known. The solution
of this routing involves the use of capacity curves such as
storage vs. pool elevation and outflow rate vs. pool elevation.
Meanwhile, stream flow routing involves the storage in the
reach in which it comprises two parts-prism storage and wedge
storage since the water surface is not uniform during floods. This
actually depends on both the inflow and outflow where prism
storage depends on the outflow alone and wedge storage
depends on the difference of inflow and outflow. Its routing
calculations is aided by the use of Muskingum Method.
2. The inflow hydrograph readings for a stream reach are given below for
which the Muskingum coefficients K= 30 hrs and x= 0.20 apply. Route
the flood through the reach and determine the reduction in peak and
the time of peak of outflow. Outflow at the beginning of the flood may
be taken as the same as inflow.

Answer:
Given:
K=30 hours
X=0.20
Routing period is taken from the inflow hydrograph
readings to be t=12 hours.

EBRAHIM A. OMAR
Department of Civil Engineering
College of Engineering and Computing-USM

Page 1

CENG 424-Engineering Hydrology

Scientists discover things. Engineers make them true.

This problem is manipulated through the use of Muskingum

Method in which the fundamental formula is
O2=C 0 I 2+ C1 I 1 +C 2 I 1
.

Basically, we compute first the C0 , C1 , and C2 using their respective

formulae.
Kx0.5 t
Kx +0.5 t
C0 =
C1 =
K Kx+0.5 t
K Kx+0.5 t
C2 =

K Kx0.5t
K Kx+0.5 t
Substituting the available data,
30 ( 0.2 )0.5 ( 12 )
C0 =
=0
3030 ( 0.2 ) +0.5 ( 12 )
C1 =
C2 =

30(0.2)+0.5(12)
=0.40
3030(0.2)+0.5(12)

3030(0.2)0.5 (12)
=0.60
3030(0.2)+0.5(12)

To check: C0 + C1 + C2 =1
0+0.40+0.60=1
In the Table below, I1 is known from the inflow hydrograph and O1 is
taken as I1 at the beginning of the flood.
Tabular Computation:
Time(hr)
Inflow(I),
cumec
0
15
12
16
24
31
36
96
48
121
60
102
72
85
84
70
96
57
108
47
120
39
132
32
144
28
156
24
168
22
180
20
192
19
204
18
216
17
228
16

0.40I1,cume
c
-6.0
6.4
12.4
38.4
48.4
40.8
34.0
28.0
22.8
18.8
15.6
12.8
11.2
9.6
8.8
8.0
7.6
7.2
6.8

EBRAHIM A. OMAR
Department of Civil Engineering
College of Engineering and Computing-USM

0.60O1,
cumec
-9.00
9.00
9.24
12.98
30.83
47.54
53.00
52.20
48.12
42.55
36.81
31.45
26.55
22.65
19.35
16.89
14.93
13.52
12.43

Outflow(O),
cumec
15.00
15.00
15.40
21.64
51.38
79.23
88.34
87.00
80.20
70.92
61.35
52.41
44.25
37.75
32.25
28.15
24.89
22.53
20.72
19.23

Page 2

CENG 424-Engineering Hydrology

Scientists discover things. Engineers make them true.

240

15

6.4

11.54

17.94

Answers are reflected in the graph below.

EBRAHIM A. OMAR
Department of Civil Engineering
College of Engineering and Computing-USM

Page 3