Mechanics of Material

Stress
Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

Assumption: Homogeneous, Continuous and Cohesive Material

Material properties are uniformly distributed within the member and there is no
void, disconnection or breakage in the material.
Isotropic Material has the same properties in all directions
Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

Fz

Fx

Normal Stress: = lim

0

Shear Stress:

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

= lim
0

= lim
0

Fy

[Pa]

[psi]

Direction of the
shear force

Normal
direction of
the Area, A
German Jordanian University

Stress

Pressure

Intensity of the internal force acting on a specific plane

Intensity of the normal compressive force acting on a

specific plane

Internal Force

External Force

Within the same object

Between two objects or matters

Tension, Compression or Shear

Compression ONLY

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

A
A

Does the particle has ONLY one surface?

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

y
x

The Cube represents

a particle.

General

State of Stress
Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

Uniaxial stresses

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

=
=
=

Proof
German Jordanian University

z
y
x

Complementary
property of shear

Proof
The four shear stresses in the same plane must
have equal magnitude and be directed in a
non-continuous fashion as shown.
Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

General

Normal stress: , and

Planar

Normal stress:
Shear stress: , and
Shear stress:
State of Stress
Eng. Ahmad Hammad
German Jordanian University

Idealization

tensor

=
Eng. Ahmad Hammad

The magnitude of the resultant

internal force is equivalent to
the volume under the stress
curve German Jordanian University

Idealization

=
Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

Idealization

,
,

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

1-39. If the block is subjected to the centrally applied

force of 600 kN, determine the average normal stress in
the material.

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

1-32. The lever is held to the fixed shaft using a tapered

pin AB, which has a mean diameter of 6 mm. If a couple
is applied to the lever, determine the average shear stress
in the pin between the pin and lever.

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

1-33. The bar has a cross-sectional area A and is subjected to the axial load P. Determine the
average normal and average shear stresses acting over the shaded section, which is oriented at
from the horizontal. Plot the variation of these stresses as a function of (0 90).

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

1-34. The built-up shaft consists of a pipe AB and solid rod BC.The pipe has an inner diameter
of 20 mm and outer diameter of 28 mm. The rod has a diameter of 12 mm. Determine the
average normal stress at points D and E.
OR:
Determine The maximum Normal Stress

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

1-43. The 150-kg bucket is suspended from end E of the frame.

Determine the average normal stress in the 6-mm diameter wire
CF and the 15-mm diameter short strut BD.

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

1-46. The 20-kg chandelier is suspended from the wall and

ceiling using rods AB and BC, which have diameters of 3 mm and
4 mm, respectively. Determine the angle so that the average
normal stress in both rods is the same.

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

1-56. The 2-Mg concrete pipe has a center of mass

at point G. If it is suspended from cables AB and
AC, determine the diameter of cable AB so that the
average normal stress developed in this cable is the
same as in the 10-mm diameter cable AC.

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

1-66. Determine the largest load P that can be applied to the

frame without causing either the average normal stress or the
average shear stress at section aa to exceed = 150 MPa and
= 60 MPa ,respectively. Member CB has a square cross
section of 25 mm on each side.

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University

Suggested Problem

1-35, 1-48, 1-49, 1-50, 1-60, 1-65

Eng. Ahmad Hammad

German Jordanian University