Developing Confidence

through Speech-Planning
Process
Teacher: Doralis Sanchez

By: Johana Aguilar and Vasco Duke

OUTLINE
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Vocabulary
What is public speaking apprehension?
Symptoms of Public Speaking Apprehension
Causes of Public Speaking Apprehension
General Methods
Specific Techniques
Effective Speech Planning: The Key to Confidence
Conclusion

1. Apprehension: miedo
2.Boost: aumentar
3.Predisposed: predispuesto
4. Nervousness: nerviosismo
5.Lightheadedness: sensacion de desmayo
6.Flushed skin: enrojecimiento de la piel
7.Inborn: innato
8.Doomed: condenado

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Stem: deriva
Likelihood: probabilidad
Assess: evaluar
Gather: reunir
Deem: considerer
Regarding: con respect a
Gauge: estimar, medir
Tailored: Adaptado

What is public speaking apprehension?

It is the level of fear a person

experiences when anticipating or
actually speaking to an audience.

Symptoms of Public Speaking Apprehension

A.

Cognitive: Negative self-talk ,negative intrapersonal communication.

B. Physical: stomach upset, flushed skin, sweating, shaking, pounding

heartbeats..

C. Emotional: Feelings like anxious, worried or upset.

Causes of Public Speaking Apprehension

A. Biologically Based Temperament: Some public speaking apprehension may be
inborn.
B. Previous Experience: Our level of apprehension may also result from our
experiences with public speaking while growing up.
C. Level of Skills: Plan or prepare effectively for a public presentation.

General Methods
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Communication orientation motivation(COM) techniques

Visualization
Relaxation exercises
Systematic desensitization
HOW TO SPEAK
IN FRONT OF AN
Cognitive restructuring
AUDIENCE
Public speaking skills training

Specific Techniques

Allow sufficient time to prepare.

Use presentational aids.
Practice your speech aloud.
Dress up.
Choose an appropriate time to speak.
Use positive self-talk.
Face the audience.
Focus on sharing your message.

Select a topic that you

know something about it
Consider how the occasion affects that
is appropriate for you to talk about.

Analyze your audience to assess their

familiarity with and interest in your topic.
Develop a speech goal statement tailored
to your audience and the occasion.

Understand audience diversity.

Adjust content to be appropriate for your

audiences current understanding of, interest
in, and attitude toward your topic.

Understand audience initial interest

in and attitude toward your topic.

Determine how you will establish your

credibility with your audience.

Examine what you know already about your topic

and where you need additional information.

Record relevant information on research cards

Locate, evaluate, and select

types and sources.

Cite sources.

Identify the two to four major ideas you

want your audience to remember.

Develop your main points

Create a conclusion that both summarizes your goal and main points and that leaves
your audience with a vivid impression that provides a sense of closure.

Make sure your audio aids are loud enough

to be heard in the back of the room.

Make sure your visual aids are

large enough to be seen.

Consider visual or other presentational aids that will help clarify,

emphasize, or dramatize what you say.

Practice until the wording is accurate, clear, Practice until the delivery is intelligible,
conversational, and expressive.
vivid, and appropriate.

Continue practicing until you can deliver it

extemporaneously within the time limit.

Conclusion
A careful preparation can help
you develop confidence when you
speak in public, and we help us to
have a good narrative/personal
experience speech.