Professional Documents
Culture Documents
100G
TECHNICAL POSTER
Constellation Diagram
PMD range
Coherent 40G and 100G signals are closely spaced and therefore overlap
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Also available in the commissioning assistant: Pol-Mux OSNR measurement according to the China
Communications Standards Association (CCSA) YD/T 2147-2010 method
I phase
Q phase
Eye diagram
Chirp
Saves time and money, and reduces the risk of human error with respect to manual calculations with
channels turned off
Challenge
EXFO HEADQUARTERS
400 Godin Avenue, Quebec City (Quebec) G1M 2K2 CANADA
T: +1 418 683-0211 F: +1 418 683-2170
Toll-free (USA and Canada)
info@EXFO.com
+1 800 663-3936
www.EXFO.com
Network Complexity
ROADMs
Coherent
Crosstalk
Various bandwidths
Fiber Type
10G Networks
ASE
Easier
WDM Investigator
Noise Sources
2015 EXFO Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in Canada
15/08
20110794v4
SAP1068446
Troubleshooting
Noise Issues
Troubleshooting Procedure
for Noise Issues
Required Test Tools
Advantages
Enables you to diagnose your network
Helps you identify more probable causes of noise
Speeds up troubleshooting
The opening in the center of the constellation is caused by
a constant time delay between the I and Q RF drive signals
(RF3 and RF4).
Data rate
ROADM
Modulation format
OSNR method
10 Gbit/s
No
OOK
IEC
10 Gbit/s
Yes
OOK
In-band
40 Gbit/s noncoherent
Yes or No
DQPSK or other
In-band
40 Gbit/s coherent
Yes or No
DP-QPSK, DP-BPSK
Pol-Mux
Yes or No
DP-QPSK
Pol-Mux
Optical amplifiers
Noise Types
Packetization
MAC
Packetization
Symbols > Lanes
MAC
PCS
Reconciliation Sublayer
100G Media Independent Interface (CGMII)
IEEE 802.3
S
Preamble O
F
7
1
Destination
Address
Source
Address
Length
46-1500
802.2
Header
Ethernet Interface
DATA
Line Rate
100G Ethernet
103.125 Gbit/s
40G Ethernet
41.25 Gbit/s
FCS
46-1500
Skew
Points
FCS
40 km over SMF
100GBASE-ER4
10 km over SMF
100GBASE-LR4
40GBASE-LR4
100GBASE-SR10
40GBASE-SR4
100GBASE-CR10
40GBASE-CR4
1 m over backplane
Maximum
Skew (ns)
40G Ethernet
Maximum
Skew for
40GBASE-R
PCS Lane (UI)
Maximum
Skew for
100GBASE-R
PCS Lane (UI)
SP1
29
299
150
SP2
43
443
222
SP3
54
557
278
SP4
134
1382
691
SP5
145
1495
748
SP6
160
1649
824
At PCS
receive
180
1856
928
CAUI
CGMII
FEC
MAC
MDI
PCS
PMA
PMD
XLAUI
XLGMII
n
CFP
CGMII
CAUI
100GBASE-R PCS
MAC and
higher
layers
PMA (20:10)
FEC1
PMA (20:10)
PMA (4:4)
FEC1
PMA (4:4)
XLAUI
XLGMII
OPU
OH
ODU
OH
OTU
OH
GMP
ODU4
104.794G
FEC
OTLk.n
ODU3
40.319G
104.355G
1x
OTU4
40.117G
OPU4
OPU4 (L)
OPU4
OPU4 (H)
or OTU4
0Ch
111.809G
OH
40.15052G
OTL Type
Bit Rate
OTL3.4
10.7 Gbit/s
OTL4.4
27.95 Gbit/s
OTL4.10
11.18 Gbit/s
F
1
F
2
P F F
1 2
x16
1x
OTU3
x8
OPU1
Client
Reach
40 km
over SMF
40G Ethernet
Client
x4
OPU2
OPU2 (L)
OPU2
OPU2 (H)
10.037G
CXP
Optical
Dimensions: 82 x 154 x 14 mm
100 m over
OM3 MMF1
Electrical
Dimensions: 20 x 54 x 11 mm
QSFP
10 km
over SMF
100G Ethernet
Interface
Attributes
Interface
Attributes
CFP
100GBASE-ER4
4 x 25G WDM, 1305 nm, NRZ
G.694.1, 800GHz spacing (~4.5nm)
Data rate: 25.78125 Gbit/s per lane
CFP
QSFP
40GBASE-LR4
4 x 10G, CWDM, G.694.2, NRZ
1305 nm, 20 nm spacing
Data rate: 10.3125 Gbit/s per lane
CFP
40GBASE-SR4
4 x 10G, NRZ
Parallel optics, 850 nm
Data rate: 10.3125 Gbit/s per lane
CXP
OPU3
OPU3 (H)
or OTU3
OPU0
x2
or OTU2
0Ch
0Ch
0Ch
15
16
31
32
63
Lane
Center
Frequency
Center
Wavelength
Wavelength
Range
L0
231.4 THz
1295.56 nm
1294.53 to 1296.59 nm
L1
230.6 THz
1300.05 nm
1299.02 to 1301.09 nm
L2
229.8 THz
1304.58 nm
1303.54 to 1305.63 nm
L3
229 THz
1309.14 nm
1308.09 to 1310.19 nm
40 GigE/OTU3
100GBASE-LR4
4 x 25G WDM, 1305 nm, NRZ
G.694.1, 800GHz spacing, (~4.5nm)
Data rate: 25.78125 Gbit/s per lane
Lane
Center
Wavelength
Wavelength
Range
L0
1271 nm
1264.5 to 1277.5 nm
100GBASE-SR10
10 x 10G, NRZ,
Parallel optics, 850 nm
Data rate: 10.3125 Gbit/s per lane
L1
1291 nm
1284.5 to 1297.5 nm
L2
1311 nm
1304.5 to 1317.5 nm
L3
1331 nm
1324.5 to 1337.5 nm
10 m over
copper cable
QSFP
40GBASE-CR4
4 x 10G electrical, NRZ
Data rate: 10.3125 Gbit/s per lane
CXP
100GBASE-CR10
10 x 10G electrical, NRZ
Data rate: 10.3125 Gbit/s per lane
1 m over
backplane
40GBASE-KR4
4 x 10G electrical, NRZ
Data rate: 10.3125 Gbit/s per lane
4 5
6 7 8
M2
33 34
BIP3
41 42
M4
9
BIP-8
10
2 3 4
BEI/BIAE
DAPI
OperatorSpecific
7 8
RES
9 10 11 12 13 14
SM
GCCO
Wavelength
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Conditions
L1
1520
1523
1526
nm
Channel 1
L2
1528
1531
1534
nm
Channel 2
L3
1536
1539
1542
nm
Channel 3
L4
1544
1547
1550
nm
Channel 4
L5
1552
1555
1558
nm
Channel 5
L6
1560
1563
1566
nm
Channel 6
L7
1568
1571
1574
nm
Channel 7
L8
1576
1579
1582
nm
Channel 8
L9
1584
1587
1590
nm
Channel 9
L10
1592
1595
1598
nm
Channel 10
2:1
49 50
M5
57 58
M6
65
BIP7
ODU OH
PM 1
TCMi 1
Alignment marker
PCS Lane 0
PCS Lane 1
PCS Lane 2
3824-3825
OPU Payload
(Client Signal)
4080
Line Rate
Corresponding
Service
OTU3
43.018 Gbit/s
OC-768/STM-256
40 GigE
OTU3e1
44.57 Gbit/s
4 x ODU2e
(uses 2.5 Gig TS;
total of 16)
OTU3e2
44.58 Gbit/s
4 x ODU2e
(uses 1.25 Gig
(ODU0) TS;
total of 32)
OTU FEC
(4 x 256 bytes)
OTU4
15
1
2
3
4
0
1
16
PSI
2 3 4
BEI
5 6
Forward
7 8
STAT
Byte 3
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
BEI/BIAE
STAT
FIF
128 129
Backward
ODU0
ODU1
ODU0
100 GigE
9-10
Operator
Identifier
137-138
Operator
Identifier
FIF = Fault Identification Field
FIF
GbE
Size
3
1
111.81 Gbit/s
GbE
PT
255
OTNODU0
OTN
Interface
OperatorSpecific
OperatorSpecific
127
Client
Benefits
255
FTFL
2:1
RES
14-15-16-17
TCM
RES
TCM6
TCM5
TCM4
FTFL
ACT
TCM3
TCM2
TCM1
PM
EXP
APS/PCC
RES
GCC1 GCC2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
SAPI
5 6
CFP2 Adapter
SMF Fiber
2:1
Frame Rates
OTU OH
FAS OH
1
2
3
4
10.709G
Multiplexing
M1
25 26
Byte 10
FAS
2.666G
(optical mux)
2:1
8
TTI
43.018G
2
3
4
OPU1 (H)
OPU0 (L)
M0
17 18
LAN
WDM
10:4
2:1
9 10
40GBASE-R
OperatorSpecific
OTU
Frame
or OTU1
Mapping
Medium
OPU1 (L)
ODTUG1
0 1 2
10
DAPI
1 2
x4
OPU3 (L)
1.244G
OPU3
ODTUG3
100 GigE/OTU4
Pluggable Modules
63
2.499G
100G/40G Interfaces
31
32
x4
ODTUG2
Client
OPU1
Bit Position
SAPI
15
16
TTI
2:1
Round robin
distribution
2:1
MDI
40.319G
x32
OTLk.n
41.25G
GMP
OH
OTLk.n
40GE
103.125G
100GE
Client
Client
#0
SP3
PMD
Service
Interface
ODTUG4
x10
#0
Client
x40
#1
SP4
SP2
XLAUI
M0 PCS Lane #0
The marker has the form of a specially defined 66b block (to maintain 1s density)
and its format is as follows:
100GBASE-R
SP3
PMD
SP1
104.794G
Medium
SP2
PMA (4:4)
#0
2:1
PCS lane marker is the mechanism used to reorder and realign the PCS lanes
PMD
SP5
PMA (4:4)
PMA (10:n)
SP6
#1
MDI
SP5
PMA (20:10)
FCS
Round robin
Add PCS lane markers periodically to ensure reordering and
realignment
distribution
PMD
Service
Interface
CAUI
... #41 #40 #39 ... #22 #21 #20 #19 ... #2
PMD
Reconciliation
40GBASE-R PCS
x80
... #41 #40 #39 ... #22 #21 #20 #19 ... #2
PMD
SP1
PMA
10:4
CFP
SP6
PMA
10:4
40GBASE-KR4
Legend
PMD Lanes
2:1
Idle
Symbol
Mapping
DATA
100G Ethernet
Mapping
Length
802.2
Header
EtherType
CAUI/Physical
Lanes
2:1
Idle
Symbol
OPU OH
Source
Address
Source
MAC Address
#40 #20
MFAS
Preamble
Destination
Address
Destination
MAC Address
AA 55 2D 9B 9B 3C 7A F1
PMA
20:10
80 03 01 7C 9F 3E 80 03 01 20 FB 1D 08 00 45 58
PreDestination
Source
amble
EtherType
Address
MAC
80 03 01 7CMAC
9F 3E
80 03 01 20
FB Address
1D 08 00 45 58
BDI
Ethernet
Preamble
BDI
PCS/Logical
Lanes
Packetize Data
BDI
IAE
The CFP2 module is a hot-pluggable form factor designed for optical networking applications. The
module size has been chosen to accommodate a wide range of power dissipations and applications,
and the CFP2 module is half the size of a CFP module. The modules electrical interface has been
generically specified to allow support of 4 x 25 Gbit/s, 10 x 10 Gbit/s, and subsequently 8 x 50
Gbit/s. To reduce the size, the gearbox IC is now part of the host interface. EXFOs CFP2 adapter
allows support of both 4 x 25G and 10 x 10G high-speed link interfaces, with a latch bypassing the
gearbox interface to support both the 4 x 25G and the 10 x 10G CFP2 module.