DEPARTMENT OF LAW, UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA

NOTIES ON CITATION:
LL.B ASSIGNMENT PAPERS

1) Candidates shall use the system of footnotes, and not end notes, for citing their
authorities .If candidates wish to include more than citation in a single footnote, separate
them with semi colons.
2) Footnotes must be numbered consecutively, throughout the term paper.
3) Place footnote markers after the relevant punctuation in the text (where applicable) and
normally at the end of a sentence.
4) Font size of the citation in the footnote should be font face TIMES NEW ROMAN or
ARIAL FONT SIZE 10.
5) Each table used in the main text the term paper shall carry a descriptive title and
numbered consecutively and inserted in the page where reference to is made. However,
comprehensive Tables shall be attached as Appendices.
6) Each Diagram used in the main text of the Term paper shall carry descriptive title and
numbered consecutively and inserted in the page where reference to it is made. However,
comprehensive Diagrams shall be attached as an Appendix or Appendices.
7) When extracts from other work, judgments, statutes etc .are used in the text, use single
quotation marks [] .Where quotation marks within quotation are to be used, use double
quotation marks[ ].
8) Where extracts of three lines or less are to be used, incorporate them within the text with
single quotation marks. Where a lengthy extract is to be used in the text, use it as a
hanging paragraph [indenting (aligning) I from both left and right margins] without any
quotation marks.
9) Bibliographical reference in footnotes should contain the following as a minimum.

a) For books: author initial and name (in that order),title of the
(underline),place and date of publication (in that order ,within parentheses
)and page (p.) or pages (pp.) cited.
b) For articles: authors initials and name, title of article within inverted
commas, title of periodical (underlined), Place of publication (in
parentheses),date of issue, and page (p.) or page (pp.)cited.
c) For chapters in books: author s initial and name, title of chapter within
inverted commas, editors initials and name, title of book
(underlined),place and date of publication (in that order , within
parentheses),and page (p.) or pages (pp.)cited.
d) Foe websites: author (or use two joined em-dashes if author is not
indentified), title, type of document (if relevant), date of issue (if
available), web address and of access.
e) News paper articles author, title newspaper (city of publication, county
of publication (if not obvious) full date) page. If the reference is to an
editorial, the author is cited as,, Editorial .If the author is not named,
insert two joined em-dashes.
f) Interviews: when the candidate is the interviewer, give the name, position
and institution (as relevant) of the interviewee, location of the interview
was conducted by someone other than full date. When the interviewer
name should appear before the rest of the citation.
10) When a work, judgment, statue, etc is cited more than once in the same page the
footnote for the successive citation need not repeat the full information of the
bibliographical references; standard abbreviations such as ibid (at the same place) op cit
(In the same work), as appropriate with the relevant page number could be used.
11) Candidates can use standard abbreviations in the term paper and footnotes, having first
given the full word/phrase and the abbreviations in brackets. Abbreviations of terms, viz,
law reports, journals, names of international instruments, case name etc, could be used in
the term paper.