Chapter 6.

Thermochemistry: Energy Flow and Chemical Change

6.1Forms of Energy and Their Interconversion

o Defining System and Surroundings
o Energy Change (E)
o Heat and Work
o Law of Energy Conservation
o Units of Energy
o State Functions
6.2Enthalpy: Changes at Constant Pressure
o PV Work and the Meaning of Enthalpy
o Comparing E and H
o Exothermic and Endothermic Processes
6.3Calorimetry: Measuring the Heat of a Chemical or Physical Change
o Specific Heat Capacity
o The Two Major Types of Calorimetry
6.4Stoichiometry of Thermochemical Equations
6.5Hess's Law: Finding H of Any Reaction
6.6Standard Enthalpies of Reaction
o Formation Equations
o Determining
from
Values
Concepts and Skills to Review Before You Study This Chapter

interconverting potential and kinetic energy (Section 1.1)

distinction between heat and temperature (Section 1.4)

nature of chemical bonding (Section 2.7)

calculations of reaction stoichiometry (Section 3.4)

properties of the gaseous state (Section 5.1)

relation between kinetic energy and temperature (Section 5.5)

for water :

heat of fusion = 333 J / g heat of vaporization = 2260 J / g

specific heat capacity (s) = 2.1 J / g K

1. E = q + w ,

w = -PV,

(l) = 4.2 J / g K
H = qp ,

(g) = 2.0 J / g K
q = C x mass x T

2. Compare endothermic and exothermic reactions.

3. What is the amount of heat needed to convert 350.g of ice at -35.0C to -11.0C?

4. What is the water sample size if 296J is released when this water sample cools from 421C to 322C?

5. The T of a block of metal (70.0g) went from 35.7C to 100.2C when 579J of energy was added. What
is the identity of the metal if pure?

6.

A metal spoon (18.9 J/gC, 3.5g) at 25C was placed in 300. mL of water at 65C. What is the final
temperature?

7. Write an equation that goes with Hf forH2O(l)? C3H8(g)? CO2(g)?

8. Hf (kJ/mol) for H2O(l) (-285.9) ;

C3H8(g) (-104) ;

CO2(g) (-393.5)

Using the enthalpy of formation, what is H for this reaction?

(a)

C3H8 (g)

(b)

2H2(g)

5O2(g)

O2(g)

-->

--->

3CO2(g)

4H2O(l)

2H2O (l)

9.
H2(g) + 1/2 O2(g) -- H2O (g) H = -241.8kJ
a) H given here above called H for the reaction, what else can it be called?

b) Calculate H for H2O (g) ---> H2(g) + 1/2 O2(g)

c) What is the enthalpy change for decomposition of 38.9g of water(g)?

e) What is the enthalpy change for formation of 138.g of water(g)?

10. A sample of glucose weighing 5.00g was burned in a bomb calorimeter containing 2.00L of water. The
temperature of the water and the calorimeter rose by 2.4C. Calculate the heat of combustion of
glucose, C6H12O6 (180.0g/mol) in kJ/mol. The heat capacity of the calorimeter reads 26J/C.

11. (a) Using the information below, what is the H for N2(g) + 2 O2(g) --> 2NO2(g) ?
NO(g) + O2(g) ---> NO2(g)
2 NO(g) ---> O2(g) + N2(g)

H
H

= -56kJ
= -180.kJ

(b) Using the information below, what is the H of formation for H2O(l)?
2 H2O (g) ---> 2 H2(g) + O2(g)

= + 482kJ

H2O (g) ---> H2O (l)

= -44kJ