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Gim hm lng cc cht hu c v v c c kch thc b.

Trong h ny, hn ch s pht trin ca to ngi ta phi


thi kh bng cch bm kh xung y h ti mt s
im. Vic o h i hi nhiu cng sc v rt tn km,
thi gian lu ca nc trong h phi tng i di. Do gi
thnh cho 1m3 nc sch c x l t nc b mt s tng ln.
i vi nc b mt, thng phi c qu trnh kh trng ban
u kh phenol m keo t khng th c, gim nng
to trong nc tng hiu sut tch trong qu trnh lc
tip theo, gim lng tch t cn bn trong cc lc, tng cng
qu trnh keo t to bng vi cc cht nh t, vi trng,
to, cht mn. Mt khc qu trnh kh trng ban u ny
khng nn dng Clo v nc lc ny cha nhiu cht hu c,
nu dng Clo th n s kt hp vi cc cht hu c to thnh
cc cht c gy ung th. V th hin nay trn th gii ngi
ta thng dng ozon cho qu trnh tin x l. Tuy nhin Vit
nam , nu dng ozon th s l qu tn km, gi nc v th s
phi tng ln rt nhiu , buc Nh nc phi chi ph tr gi
nhiu hn cho ngi dn. iu ny l rt kh khn khi nc ta
vn cn l mt nc ngho. Ngoi ra trong qu trnh x l tip
theo ca nc b mt thng thng phi c cng on keo t
to bng bi c c cao.
Tm li, v l do kinh t nn nc ta hin nay vn ch yu
dng nc ngm x l lm nc sch. Tuy nhin, do c s
nhim mn nc di t v s suy thoi cng nh ln st t
khi khai thc nc vi t nn c mt s vng phi dng
song song nc ngm v nc mt. Trong tng lai gn, nc ta
vn ch yu dng nc ngm vi cc tnh u vit hn ca nc
ngm so vi nc mt khi khai thc.
Phn III: Kt lun
Trn quan im l thuyt, c th nhn nh rng dy
chuyn cng ngh x l nc ngm c thit k trn y
t cc mc ch chnh cu vic x l. Tuy nhin trong thc
t, mi mt ngun nc s c mt cht lng ring nn phi c
mt dy chuyn x l thch hp. t c mc ch ny,
cn phi thc hin cc bc nh sau:
- Kho st, thm d k cht lng ngun nc. Cc thng s
chnh ca nc ngm phi c th nghim nhiu ln
c th a ra con s chnh xc.

- Trong qu trnh thit k v cng ngh , sau tng qu


trnh thi k, cht lng nc cng c kim tra li bng
thc nghim c cch gii quyt c th i vi tng
vn ny sinh trong thc t.
Trong iu kin hn hp ca n ny, do khng c cc
kt qu th nghim c th nn vic tnh ton thit k
phi d nhiu vo l thuyt v cc kinh nghim t
rt t cc thc nghim sn c. Tuy nhin cc kt qu tnh
ton trn y ch sao cho c tnh thc t nht.
Sau khi thit k dy chuyn cng ngh x l nc ngm,
ti c mt s nhn xt sau:
1- Cht lng nc x l cc nh my nc ca Vit nam,
c th l H Ni, nhiu ni cha t yu cu; v d hm
lng NH3 trong nc ngm ca Nh my Php Vn cn qu
cao (20mg/l). Nguyn nhn l do nc ly mt su
cha t yu cu, gii quyt vn ny ti c hai
xut sau:
- o ging ti su xp x 100m
- C phng php x l NH3 thch hp (b sung oxy
cho qu trnh oxy ho NH3) v d dng b lc kh
2- Cc s liu tnh ton ca ti cha c kim tra bng
thc nghim nn n ch mi ng l s liu d kin
lm hp phm vi th nghim trong thc t m thi.
3- Do cht lng nc mt thay i lin tc theo thi gian
(theo ma) v v tr nn cht lng nc ngm cng tng t
thay i theo, tuy nhin kt qu tnh ton y ch
mi ng cho mt cht lng nc th nht nh cho trc m
thi.
4- Sau qu trnh thit k v tnh ton ti t thy
nng cao trnh hiu bit ca mnh v cc qu
trnh x l nc cp rt nhiu, hiu bit su hn v
chuyn ngnh ti hc v c tham vng mun c pht
trin chuyn mn ca mnh v cng ngh x l nc cp.
Ngy nay nc ta ang bc vo cng cuc i mi v kinh t.
Vi chnh sch m ca, cuc sng ca ngi dn ang khng
ngng c ci thin. Cng vi s i ln ca nn kinh t, cc
iu kin ng ca ngi dn ngy cng tt hn, nc sch
l mt trong nhng nhu cu thit yu trong cuc sng ca
ton dn v yu cu s dng n ngy cng tng. Vn

ny lun c nh nc quan tm. c nhiu cuc vn ng


tit kim nc v cc chng trnh nc sch nng thn cng
nh thnh th c pht ng, nhm hng ti mt mi trng nc
sch. Cc nghin cu khoa hc ang c tin hnh tm
ra phng n x l nc ti u. n ny hy vng c gp phn
nh b trong tng lai ton th nhn dn Vit nam c
s dng nc sch, nhm hng ti mt x hi vn minh, hnh
phc, phn vinh v ti p.

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