Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Method
How to conduct Research and Communicate?
P Sunthar
Department of Chemical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay
Mumbai 400076, India
P.Sunthar@iitb.ac.in
Jan 2014
Philosophy Approach
Everyday Approach
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
2 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Cycle of Steps
Characterisation (observations,
measurements)
Hypothesis (A Fundamental
Theoretical explanation of causative
mechanism)
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
3 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Cycle of Steps
Objective: Minimise scientists bias on the Outcome
1
Characterisation (observations,
measurements)
Hypothesis (A Fundamental
Theoretical explanation of causative
mechanism)
Observation
Hypothesis
Prediction
Test ?
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
3 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Cycle of Steps
Objective: Minimise scientists bias on the Outcome
1
Characterisation (observations,
measurements)
Hypothesis (A Fundamental
Theoretical explanation of causative
mechanism)
Observation
Hypothesis
Prediction
Test ?
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
3 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Cycle of Steps
Objective: Minimise scientists bias on the Outcome
1
Characterisation (observations,
measurements)
Hypothesis (A Fundamental
Theoretical explanation of causative
mechanism)
Observation
Hypothesis
Prediction
Test ?
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
3 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Cycle of Steps
Objective: Minimise scientists bias on the Outcome
1
Characterisation (observations,
measurements)
Hypothesis (A Fundamental
Theoretical explanation of causative
mechanism)
Observation
Hypothesis
Prediction
Test ?
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
3 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
4 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
4 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
4 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
4 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
4 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
4 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
4 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
4 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
4 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Testability of Hypothesis
Reproducibility
By independent persons following identical procedure
Time invariant (for static hypothesis)
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
5 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Testability of Hypothesis
Reproducibility
By independent persons following identical procedure
Time invariant (for static hypothesis)
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
5 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Testability of Hypothesis
Reproducibility
By independent persons following identical procedure
Time invariant (for static hypothesis)
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
5 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Testability of Hypothesis
Reproducibility
By independent persons following identical procedure
Time invariant (for static hypothesis)
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
5 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Testability of Hypothesis
Reproducibility
By independent persons following identical procedure
Time invariant (for static hypothesis)
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
5 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Testability of Hypothesis
Reproducibility
By independent persons following identical procedure
Time invariant (for static hypothesis)
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
5 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Testability of Hypothesis
Reproducibility
By independent persons following identical procedure
Time invariant (for static hypothesis)
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
5 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Testability of Hypothesis
Reproducibility
By independent persons following identical procedure
Time invariant (for static hypothesis)
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
5 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Cycle
Testability of Hypothesis
Reproducibility
By independent persons following identical procedure
Time invariant (for static hypothesis)
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
5 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Observation
Question
Literature
Hypothesis 1
Prediction 1
Test 1 ?
Communicate
Literature
Hypothesis 2
Prediction 2
Test 2 ?
Communicate
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
6 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Practical Guideline
Communicate
Observation
Question
Literature
Hypothesis 1
Prediction 1
Test 1 ?
Communicate
Literature
Hypothesis 2
Prediction 2
Test 2 ?
Communicate
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
7 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Practical Guideline
Communicate
Observation
Question
Literature
Hypothesis 1
Prediction 1
Test 1 ?
Communicate
Literature
Hypothesis 2
Prediction 2
Test 2 ?
Communicate
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
7 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Practical Guideline
Communicate
Observation
Question
Literature
Hypothesis 1
Prediction 1
Test 1 ?
Communicate
Literature
Hypothesis 2
Prediction 2
Test 2 ?
Communicate
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
7 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Practical Guideline
Communicate
Observation
Question
Literature
Hypothesis 1
Prediction 1
Test 1 ?
Communicate
Literature
Hypothesis 2
Prediction 2
Test 2 ?
Communicate
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
7 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Practical Guideline
Communicate
Observation
Question
Literature
Hypothesis 1
Prediction 1
Test 1 ?
Communicate
Literature
Hypothesis 2
Prediction 2
Test 2 ?
Communicate
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
7 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Practical Guideline
Communicate
Observation
Question
Literature
Hypothesis 1
Prediction 1
Test 1 ?
Communicate
Literature
Hypothesis 2
Prediction 2
Test 2 ?
Communicate
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
7 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Practical Guideline
Communicate
Observation
Question
Literature
Hypothesis 1
Prediction 1
Test 1 ?
Communicate
Literature
Hypothesis 2
Prediction 2
Test 2 ?
Communicate
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
7 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Common Mistakes
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
8 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Common Mistakes
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
8 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Common Mistakes
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
8 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Common Mistakes
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
8 / 10
Philosophy Approach
Activity
Hypothesise, Predict, Design Tests
Why is the colour of
swimming pool blue (dark on
deeper side)?
Why is steam coloured
white ?
Why are plants green ?
Why is a digital image stored
in Red, Green, Blue?
Why is it cold as we go away
from equator or high in
altitude?
What determines the distance
between two fibres in a spider
web?
P Sunthar (IIT Bombay)
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
9 / 10
Philosophy Approach
References
Scientific Method
Jan 2014
10 / 10