Major Bridge.

General Notes for Standard Drawings

1. All dimensions are in millimetres and all levels (R.L.) in metres, unless otherwise mentioned.
2. Dimensions are not scaled. Only written dimensions are followed. On skew bridges, headstock
lengths, and pile and column spacings shown for square bridges, increased in proportion to the secant of
the skew angle, unless otherwise specified.
3. The design is in accordance with IRC codes of practice including its special publications. Relevant
provisions of IS/BS/Australian codes of practice are used when the IRC code is silent or when agreed to by
the client.
4. Following live loads have been considered in the design.
(a) In the carriageway portion, one lane of IRC class 70R or one lane of IRC class AA or One lane/two
lanes of IRC class A, whichever governs.
(b) Footpath live load as per IRC with a basic intensity of 5kN/sq.m.
(c) For the design of crash barrier, a horizontal load of 45kN applied at top.
5. Wind loads have been based on wind pressure given in the table of clause 212.3 of IRC: 6.
6. Controlled concrete with the designed mix is used for all the structural components of the bridge. The
characteristic strength (crushing strength of 150mm cube at 28 days) is as follows:
(i) For foundation & substructure-M40
(ii) For superstructure & Approach slabs -M50
(iii) Barrier & kerb concrete-M40
(iv) For precast concrete components-referred to specific standard drawings.
8. All concrete corners have 20 x 20 mm fillets and chamfers unless noted otherwise.
9. All reinforcement high yield strength deformed bars. (CRS) of Grade S415 conforming to IS:1786.
However, for meshes at bearing/jack location, mild steel bars of Grade S250 are used.
10. Laps in the Reinforcement:
Laps wherever provided, are staggered, with not more than 50 percent of the bars lapped at one section and
with a minimum lap length of 50D (where D is the diameter of the bar lapped). The lap length is increased
to 70D for top bars of pile cap and pier/abutment cap, and for vertical reinforcement in piles and pier
columns.
11. Elastomeric bearings (laminated rectangular free type specified in IRC:83-part-II) are provided under
the beams for PSC beam & slab deck. Elastomeric strip bearings (100mm wide x 20mm thick) are
provided over the full width for RCC/PSC slab bridges. The properties of elastomer are conform to
cl.915.2 of IRC: 83-part-II. Bearing strips are installed in minimum length of 1800mm. Joints in bearing
strips are coincided with joints between PS Slabs.
12. Drainage spouts with collection pits are provided along the edges of the carriageway at not more than
7.5m intervals and are comprise of 100mm dia x 3mm thick PVC conduit. The location of the spouts are
ensured that the drained water does not splash on the faces of beams or substructure.
13. Wearing coat is 65mm thick consisting of two coats of 6mm thick mastic asphalt with 50mm
(nominal) thick asphaltic concrete above.
Notes on Pre-stressing for Post -Tensioned Beams:
14. Each pre-stressing tendon is comprise of 7 nos. 12.7mm dia 7-ply Class-2 uncoated stress-relieved
low relaxation strands conforming to IS: 14268, with a minimum ultimate tensile strength (U.T.S) of 184
KN. Necessary test certificate for conformity to the above requirements were obtained from the
manufacturers.

15. Sheathing is comprise of flexible 'ribbed conduit' type with minimum 51mm I.D.(54mm O.D. ) for
which friction coefficient = 0.25 and wobble coefficient k = 0.0045/m have been assumed in the design.
The sheathing was made from short lengths of not less than 4 metres.
16. All strands of a tendon are stressed simultaneously. The slip at anchorage at each end of tendon for the
above system has been taken as 6mm.
17. Each tendon is stressed from both ends simultaneously.
18. The sequence specified in the relevant drawings are followed for stressing of tendons.
19. Tendon extensions specified are for the length between mid-span and face of anchorage and are based
on a Modulus of Elasticity of 1.95X10^8 kN/sq.m and sheathing properties given above. These extensions
are suitably modified to account for the variation in properties as well as the additional length between
face of anchorage and gripping point of the jack.
20. Jacking forces and extensions specified are generally achieved simultaneously. In case of shortfall, the
stressing is continued to achieve the required jacking force/extension, without exceeding the specified
values by more than 5%. Tendons satisfying the above are locked. Tendons failing to satisfy are pulled out,
reinserted after cleaning blockages, if any, and stressed again.
Piles
21. All pile reinforcement are extended into pile caps as indicated on the drawings.
22. Precast and cast-in-place piles have the contact surfaces with the pile cap scrabbled in accordance with
the specification and are extended 50mm (min) into the pile cap.