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Microbial content of wastewater in two abattoirs and the impact on microbial population of receiving
soil was studied in Agege and Ojo Local Government Areas in Lagos State, Nigeria. Wastewater
samples were collected from each of the abattoirs over three months period and examined for microbial
content. Soil samples contaminated with the wastewaters were also collected and analysed for
microbial content as compared to soil without wastewater contamination in the neighbourhood
(control). Some physico-chemical parameters of the samples such as total dissolved solid, chemical
oxygen demand etc were examined. The wastewater samples from both abattoirs were highly
7
contaminated; Agege abattoir showed mean bacterial count of 3.32x10 cfu/ml and Odo abattoir showed
7
5
5
mean count of 2.7x10 cfu/ml. The mean fungal populations were 1.6x 10 and 1.2x0 cfu/ml for Agege
7
and Odo abattoirs respectively. In the contaminated soil sample, mean bacterial count was 3.36x10
6
cfu/ml compared to the 1.74x10 cfu/ml of the control sample. High microbial load in abattoir wastewater
with negative effects on microbial population in soil, in this study, further confirmed the need to treat
wastewater rather than discharging it to the environment.
Key words: Abattoir, bacteria, environmental pollution, fungi, microbial population, soil, wastewater.
INTRODUCTION
Efforts have been geared towards curbing the menace of
pollution around the world, particularly by the United
Nations organs e.g., United Nations Environmental
Programme. There are many international conferences
and protocols to this effect. Rio de Janeiro Conference of
1992 was a major effort, collating previous environmental
issues and bringing them to the fore (Oyesola, 1998).
Nevertheless, in many parts of the world, human activeties e. g., animal production, still impact negatively on the
environment and biodiversity. Some of the consequences
of man-made pollution aretransmission of diseases by
water borne pathogens, eutrophication of natural water
bodies, accumulation of toxic or recalcitrant chemicals in
the soil, destabilization of ecological balance and negative effects on human health (McLaughlin and Mineau,
1995; Sinha, 1997; Bridges et al., 2000; Boadi and
Kuitunen, 2003; Amisu et al., 2003).
1964
Afr. J. Biotechnol.
wastewater
samples
for
physico-chemical
Adesemoye et al.
1965
Parameters measured
Colour
Appearance
Temperature
pH value
-1
Conductivity (Scm )
Turbidity (NTU)
-1
Total suspended solids (mgl )
-1
Total dissolved solids (mgl )
-1
Biological oxygen demand (mgl )
-1
Chemical oxygen demand (mgl )
Agege
Ox-blood to yellowish red
Turbid
271.1 C
4.60.3
34.02.1
7.60.6
180020
6308.3
351.5
1426.2
Odo
Ox-blood to yellowish red
Turbid
260.72 C
4.70.45
34.61.2
7.10.3
175025
6105.0
302.0
1402.8
RESULTS
Summary of the physico-chemical properties of
analyzed wastewater
The results of the physico-chemical analyses are
presented in Table 1. Physico-chemical parameters
analyzed were not statistically different for the wastewaters from both abattoirs (Agege and Odo). For
example, mean temperature was 271.1C in Agege
abattoir and 260.72C in Odo abattoir. The pH value
was 4.60.3 and 4.70.45 for Agege and Odo abattoirs
respectively.
40
35
30
Data analysis
Data obtained were analyzed using SAS 9.1 software (SAS
Institute, Cary, USA) and means were separated by least significant
differences (P 0.05).
106 cfu/ml
25
20
15
10
5
0
A
1966
Afr. J. Biotechnol.
Organism
Bacteria
Fungi
Agege abattoir
Bacillus sp.
Clostridium welchii (C. perfringes)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Micrococcus luteus
Vibrio sp.
Lactobacillus plantarum
Aspergillus niger
Mucor sp.
Saccarhomyces sp.
Penicillium sp.
Fusarium sp.
Odo abattoir
Bacillus sp.
Clostridium welchii (C. perfringes)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Micrococcus luteus
Vibrio sp.
Lactobacillus plantarum
Aspergillus niger
Mucor sp.
Saccarhomyces sp.
Penicillium sp.
Organism
Contaminated soil
Lactobacillus plantarum
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Bacillus sp.
Vibrio sp.
Bacteria
Uncontaminated soil
Bacillus sp
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Bacillus subtilis
Pseudomonas putida
180
DISCUSSION
160
140
103cfu/ml
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
A
Adesemoye et al.
1967
1968
Afr. J. Biotechnol.
Revis
DR
(2004).
Clostridial
gas
gangrene.
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