C V D 2007 PDF

C v D |Westlaw UK
Page 1 of17
FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY

Status:
Positive or Neutral Judicial Treatment
CvD
Court of Appeal (Civil Division)
05 December 2007
Case Analysis
Where Reported
[2007] EWCA Civ 1282; [2008] 1 All E.R. (Comm) 1001; [2008] Bus. L.R.
843; [2008] 1 Lloyd's Rep. 239; [2008] C.P. Rep. 11; [2007] 2 C.L.C. 930;
116 Con. L.R. 230; Times, January 16, 2008; Official Transcript;
Case Digest
Subject: Conflict of laws Other related subjects: Arbitration; Insurance;

Civil procedure
Keywords: Anti-suit injunctions; Applicable law; Arbitration agreements;
Arbitration awards; Costs; Indemnity basis; Insurance policies; Liability
insurance; Seat of arbitration
Summary: By choosing London as the seat of an arbitration, the parties
were to be taken to have agreed that proceedings on the award should be
only those permitted by English law. A choice of seat for the arbitration
was a choice of forum for remedies seeking to attack the award.
Abstract: The appellant liability insurer (D) appealed against a decision
([
2007]EWHC 1541 (
Comm)
,[
2007]2 All E.R. (
Comm)557) to grant an
injunction restraining it from taking proceedings in New York challenging a
London arbitration award.
D was a United States incorporated insurer with a branch registered in
England. It was the liability insurer of the respondent US company (C). The
policy was a claims made policy on the Bermuda form, providing for
London arbitration and for New York law to be the governing law. The
definition of the insured included any subsidiary, affiliate or associated
company of C. During the policy period various claims were made against C
and a subsidiary with significant operations in Europe. C paid damages and
expenses in respect of those claims and sought payment under the policy
which D refused. C initiated arbitration against D in London. The parties
agreed that New York law applied and that the seat of the arbitration was
in London. The tribunal issued a partial award rejecting D's defences and
ruling that C was entitled to recover. D intimated its intention to apply to a
US federal court applying US federal arbitration law to vacate the award on
the basis that the arbitrators had manifestly disregarded New York law. In
consequence C sought and obtained an anti-suit injunction.
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D submitted that the judge had been wrong to hold that the arbitration
agreement itself was governed by English law merely because the seat of
the arbitration was London. C submitted that the judge was correct to
decide that, once it was clear that England was the seat of the arbitration
and that English law was, therefore, the curial law of the arbitration, it
followed that the parties intended that the award could only be challenged
in ways which were permissible under English law and not by attacks
permitted by other laws, including those permitted either by the proper law
of the underlying insurance contract or by the proper law of the arbitration
agreement, if different.
Held: Appeal dismissed.
(1) By choosing London as the seat of the arbitration, the parties must be
taken to have agreed that proceedings on the award should be only those
permitted by English law. That was the purpose of the balance achieved by
the Bermuda Form: English arbitration but applying New York law to issues
arising under the policy. A choice of seat for the arbitration was a choice of
forum for remedies seeking to attack the award. As a matter of
construction of the insurance contract, the parties incorporated the
framework of the Arbitration Act 1996. The parties' agreement on the seat
and the curial law necessarily meant that any challenges to any award had
to be only those permitted by that Act. An agreement as to the seat of an
arbitration was analogous to an exclusive jurisdiction clause and any
challenge to the award was to be made only in the courts of the place
designated as the seat, A v B[
2006]EWHC 2006 (
Comm)
,[
2007]1 All
E.R. (
Comm)591 approved. (2) The fact that the 1996 Act allowed parties
to contract out of its non-mandatory provisions did not mean that the
proper law of a contract to refer disputes to arbitration could constitute an
"agreement to the contrary" and thus import a method of challenge to the
award not permitted by the seat of the arbitration, Lesotho Highlands
Development Authorityv I
mpregilo SpA [
2005]UKHL43,[
2006]1 A.C.
221 applied. Therefore even if the arbitration clause itself was governed by
the law of New York, it would not qualify as an "agreement to the contrary"
in the 1996 Act. (3) It would be rare for the law of the separable
arbitration agreement to be different from the law of the seat of the
arbitration, Black Clawson I
nternational Ltd v Papierwerke WaldhofAschaffenburg AG [
1981]2 Lloyd'
s Rep. 446 considered. The reason was
that an agreement to arbitrate would normally have a closer and more real
connection with the place where the parties had chosen to arbitrate than
with the place of the law of the underlying contract in cases where the
parties had deliberately chosen to arbitrate in one place disputes which had
arisen under a contract governed by the law of another place, Compagnie
Tunisienne de Navigation SA v Compagnie d'
Armement Maritime SA [
1971]
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A.C. 572 applied. In the instant case there were positive indications in the
arbitration agreement itself which pointed to English law governing the
agreement. (4) The judge had been right to grant an anti-suit injunction
preventing D from initiating proceedings in New York and also preventing D
from relying on New York law in any application to enforce the award. (5)
In the instant case an order for indemnity costs was inappropriate.
Judge: Sir Anthony Clarke MR; Longmore LJ; Jacob LJ
Counsel: For the appellant: Jonathan Hirst QC, Robert Howe. For the
respondent: Bernard Eder QC, Stephen Houseman.
Solicitor: For the appellant: Robin Simon. For the respondent: Allen &
Overy.
Appellate History &

Status
Queen's Bench Division (Commercial Court); 28 June 2007

CvD
[2007] EWHC 1541 (Comm); [2007] 2 All E.R. (Comm) 557; [2007] 2
Lloyd's Rep. 367; [2007] 1 C.L.C. 1038; Official Transcript
Affirmed
Court of Appeal (Civil Division); 05 December 2007
CvD
[2007] EWCA Civ 1282; [2008] 1 All E.R. (Comm) 1001; [2008] Bus. L.R.
843; [2008] 1 Lloyd's Rep. 239; [2008] C.P. Rep. 11; [2007] 2 C.L.C. 930;
116 Con. L.R. 230; Times, January 16, 2008; Official Transcript
Significant Cases Cited
AvB
Lloyd's Rep. 237; [2007] 2 C.L.C. 157; Official Transcript; QBD (Comm);
28 July 2006
Lesotho Highlands Development Authority v Impregilo SpA
[2005] UKHL 43; [2006] 1 A.C. 221; [2005] 3 W.L.R. 129; [2005] 3 All
E.R. 789; [2005] 2 All E.R. (Comm) 265; [2005] 2 Lloyd's Rep. 310;
[2005] 2 C.L.C. 1; [2005] B.L.R. 351; 101 Con. L.R. 1; [2005] 27 E.G. 220
(C.S.); (2005) 155 N.L.J. 1046; Times, July 6, 2005; Official Transcript;
HL; 30 June 2005
Black Clawson International Ltd v Papierwerke WaldhofAschaffenburg AG
[1981] 2 Lloyd's Rep. 446; [1981] Com. L.R. 61; QBD (Comm); 03 March
1981
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Compagnie Tunisienne de Navigation SA v Compagnie d'Armement
Maritime SA
[1971] A.C. 572; [1970] 3 W.L.R. 389; [1970] 3 All E.R. 71; [1970] 2
Lloyd's Rep. 99; (1970) (1970) 114 S.J. 618; HL; 14 July 1970
All Cases Cited

Sort by: Most Recent
Fiona Trust & Holding Corp v Privalov

[2007] UKHL 40; [2007] 4 All E.R. 951; [2007] 2 All E.R. (Comm) 1053;
[2007] Bus. L.R. 1719; [2008] 1 Lloyd's Rep. 254; [2007] 2 C.L.C. 553;
114 Con. L.R. 69; [2007] C.I.L.L. 2528; (2007) 104(42) L.S.G. 34; (2007)
151 S.J.L.B. 1364; Times, October 25, 2007; Official Transcript; HL; 17
October 2007
National Westminster Bank Plc v Rabobank Nederland
Costs L.R. 396; Official Transcript; QBD (Comm); 19 July 2007
Noble Assurance Co v GerlingKonzern General Insurance Co
[2007] EWHC 253 (Comm); [2007] 1 C.L.C. 85; [2008] Lloyd's Rep. I.R. 1;
Official Transcript; QBD (Comm); 22 February 2007
West Tankers Inc v RAS Riunione Adriatica di Sicurta SpA (The
Front Comor)
[2007] UKHL 4; [2007] 1 All E.R. (Comm) 794; [2007] 1 Lloyd's Rep. 391;
[2007] I.L.Pr. 20; 2 A.L.R. Int'l 641; (2007) 23 Const. L.J. 458; (2007) 104
(10) L.S.G. 30; (2007) 151 S.J.L.B. 294; Official Transcript; HL; 21
February 2007
Fiona Trust & Holding Corp v Privalov
[2007] EWCA Civ 20; [2007] 1 All E.R. (Comm) 891; [2007] Bus. L.R. 686;
[2007] 2 Lloyd's Rep. 267; [2007] 1 C.L.C. 144; (2007) 23 Const. L.J. 307;
(2007) 104(6) L.S.G. 33; Times, January 29, 2007; Official Transcript; CA
(Civ Div); 24 January 2007
A v B (Costs)
[2007] EWHC 54 (Comm); [2007] 1 All E.R. (Comm) 633; [2007] 1 Lloyd's
Rep. 358; [2007] 2 C.L.C. 203; [2007] Bus. L.R. D59; Official Transcript;
QBD (Comm); 23 January 2007
AvB
Lloyd's Rep. 237; [2007] 2 C.L.C. 157; Official Transcript; QBD (Comm);
28 July 2006
Weissfisch v Julius
[2006] EWCA Civ 218; [2006] 2 All E.R. (Comm) 504; [2006] 1 Lloyd's
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Rep. 716; [2006] 1 C.L.C. 424; Independent, March 10, 2006; Official
Transcript; CA (Civ Div); 08 March 2006
Lesotho Highlands Development Authority v Impregilo SpA
[2005] UKHL 43; [2006] 1 A.C. 221; [2005] 3 W.L.R. 129; [2005] 3 All
E.R. 789; [2005] 2 All E.R. (Comm) 265; [2005] 2 Lloyd's Rep. 310;
[2005] 2 C.L.C. 1; [2005] B.L.R. 351; 101 Con. L.R. 1; [2005] 27 E.G. 220
(C.S.); (2005) 155 N.L.J. 1046; Times, July 6, 2005; Official Transcript;
HL; 30 June 2005
Kyrgyz Mobil Tel Ltd v Fellowes International Holdings Ltd (No.2)
[2005] EWHC 1314 (Comm); Official Transcript; QBD (Comm); 15 June
2005
OT Africa Line Ltd v Magic Sportswear Corp
[2005] EWCA Civ 710; [2006] 1 All E.R. (Comm) 32; [2005] 2 Lloyd's Rep.
170; [2005] 1 C.L.C. 923; 2005 A.M.C. 2179; Times, June 21, 2005;
Independent, June 16, 2005; Official Transcript; CA (Civ Div); 13 June
2005
Associated Electric & Gas Insurance Services Ltd v European
Reinsurance Co of Zurich
[2003] UKPC 11; [2003] 1 W.L.R. 1041; [2003] 1 All E.R. (Comm) 253;
[2003] 2 C.L.C. 340; (2003) 100(11) L.S.G. 31; (2003) 147 S.J.L.B. 148;
Times, January 30, 2003; Official Transcript; PC (Ber); 29 January 2003
Donohue v Armco Inc
[2001] UKHL 64; [2002] 1 All E.R. 749; [2002] 1 All E.R. (Comm) 97;
[2002] 1 Lloyd's Rep. 425; [2002] C.L.C. 440; Official Transcript; HL; 13
December 2001
Dubai Islamic Bank PJSC v Paymentech Merchant Services Inc
[2001] 1 All E.R. (Comm) 514; [2001] 1 Lloyd's Rep. 65; [2001] C.L.C.
173; (2000) 97(47) L.S.G. 39; Times, November 24, 2000; Official
Transcript; QBD (Comm); 27 October 2000
XL Insurance Ltd v Owens Corning
[2001] 1 All E.R. (Comm) 530; [2000] 2 Lloyd's Rep. 500; [2001] C.P.
Rep. 22; [2001] C.L.C. 914; Official Transcript; QBD (Comm); 28 July 2000
Akai Pty Ltd v People's Insurance Co Ltd
[1998] 1 Lloyd's Rep. 90; [1997] C.L.C. 1508; [1999] I.L.Pr. 24; QBD
(Comm); 31 July 1997
Aggeliki Charis Compania Maritima SA v Pagnan SpA (The Angelic
Grace)
[1995] 1 Lloyd's Rep. 87; CA (Civ Div); 17 May 1994
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Sumitomo Heavy Industries v Oil and Natural Gas Commission
[
1994]1 Lloyd'
s Rep. 45;QBD (Comm);23 July 1993
Harbour Assurance Co (UK)Ltd v Kansa General International
Insurance Co Ltd
[
1993]Q.B. 701;[
1993]3 W.L.R. 42;[
1993]3 All E.R. 897;[
1993]1
Lloyd'
s Rep. 455;Times,March 1,1993;Official Transcript;CA (Civ Div);
28 January 1993
Channel Tunnel Group Ltd v Balfour Beatty Construction Ltd
[
1993]A.C. 334;[
1993]2 W.L.R. 262;[
1993]1 All E.R. 664;[
1993]1
Lloyd'
s Rep. 291;61 B.L.R. 1;32 Con. L.R. 1;[
1993]I.L.Pr. 607;(1993)
137S.J.L.B. 36;[
1993]N.P.C. 8;Times,January 25,1993;HL;21 January
1993
Naviera Amazonica Peruana SA v Compania Internacional de
Seguros de Peru
[
1988]1 Lloyd'
s Rep. 116;[
1988]1 F.T.L.R. 100;CA (Civ Div);10
November 1987
Aratra Potato Co Ltd v Egyptian Navigation Co (The El Amria)
[
1981]2 Lloyd'
s Rep. 119;[
1981]Com. L.R. 136;Official Transcript;CA
(Civ Div);15 May 1981
Black Clawson International Ltd v Papierwerke WaldhofAschaffenburg AG
[
1981]2 Lloyd'
s Rep. 446;[
1981]Com. L.R. 61;QBD (Comm);03 March
1981
International Tank and Pipe SAK v Kuwait Aviation Fuelling Co KSC
[
1975]Q.B. 224;[
1974]3 W.L.R. 721;[
1975]1 All E.R. 242;[
1975]1
Lloyd'
s Rep. 8;5 B.L.R. 147;(1974) 118 S.J. 752;CA (Civ Div);09
October 1974
Compagnie Tunisienne de Navigation SA v Compagnie d'Armement
Maritime SA
[
1971]A.C. 572;[
1970]3 W.L.R. 389;[
1970]3 All E.R. 71;[
1970]2
Lloyd'
s Rep. 99;(1970) (1970) 114 S.J. 618;HL;14 July 1970
Whitworth Street Estates (Manchester)Ltd v James Miller &
Partners Ltd
[
1970]A.C. 583;[
1970]2 W.L.R. 728;[
1970]1 All E.R. 796;[
1970]1
Lloyd'
s Rep. 269;(1970) 114 S.J. 225;HL;03 March 1970
Owners of Cargo Lately Laden on Board the Eleftheria v Owners of
the Eleftheria
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Page 7 of 17
[
1970]P. 94;[
1969]2 W.L.R. 1073;[
1969]2 All E.R. 641;[
1969]1
Lloyd'
s Rep. 237;(1969) 113 S.J. 407;PDAD;31 January 1969
Tzortzis v Monark Line A/B
[
1968]1 W.L.R. 406;[
1968]1 All E.R. 949;[
1968]1 Lloyd'
s Rep. 337;
(1968) 112 S.J. 108;CA (Civ Div);24 January 1968
Bremer Oeltransport GmbH v Drewry
[
1933]1 K.B. 753;(1933) 45 Ll. L. Rep. 133;CA;13 February 1933
Key C ases C iting
Followed
National Iranian Oil Co v Crescent Petroleum Co International Litd
[
2016]EWHC 510 (Comm);QBD (Comm);04 March 2016
Abuj
a International Hotels Ltd v Meridien SAS
[
2012]EWHC 87(Comm);[
2012]1 Lloyd'
s Rep. 461;Official Transcript;
QBD (Comm);26 January 2012
Shashoua v Sharma
[
2009]EWHC 957(Comm);[
2009]2 All E.R. (Comm) 477;[
2009]2
Lloyd'
s Rep. 376;[
2009]1 C.L.C. 716;Official Transcript;QBD (Comm);
07May 2009
Considered
Arsanovia Ltd v CruzCity 1 Mauritius Holdings
[
2012]EWHC 3702 (Comm);[
2013]2 All E.R. (Comm) 1;[
2013]1 Lloyd'
s
Rep. 235;[
2013]1 C.L.C. 1040;Official Transcript;QBD (Comm);20
December 2012
Sulamerica Cia Nacional de Seguros SA v Enesa Engenharia SA
[
2012]EWCA Civ 638;[
2013]1 W.L.R. 102;[
2012]2 All E.R. (Comm)
795;[
2012]1 Lloyd'
s Rep. 671;[
2012]2 C.L.C. 216;[
2012]Lloyd'
s Rep.
I.R. 405;Times,August 24,2012;Official Transcript;CA (Civ Div);16 May
2012
[
2012]EWHC 42 (Comm);[
2012]1 Lloyd'
s Rep. 275;[
2012]Lloyd'
s Rep.
I.R. 198;Official Transcript;QBD (Comm);19January 2012
A ll C ases C iting
Sort by: Most Recent
Followed
National Iranian Oil Co v Crescent Petroleum Co International Litd
[
2016]EWHC 510 (Comm);QBD (Comm);04 March 2016
Mentioned by
C v D | Westlaw UK
Page 8 of 17
Evergreen Marine (Singapore) Pte Ltd v Fast Shipping & Transportation Co
Ltd
Unreported;QBD (Comm);25 July 2014
Mentioned by
AES Ust-KamenogorskHydropower Plant LLP v Ust-Kamenogorsk
Hydropower Plant JSC
[
2013]UKSC 35;[
2013]1 W.L.R. 1889;[
2014]1 All E.R. 335;[
2014]1
All E.R. (Comm) 1;[
2013]Bus. L.R. 1357;[
2013]2 Lloyd'
s Rep. 281;
[
2013]1 C.L.C. 1069;Official Transcript;SC;12 June 2013
Mentioned by
U&M Mining Zambia Ltd v Konkola Copper Mines Plc
[
2013]EWHC 260 (Comm);QBD (Comm);15 February 2013
Considered
Arsanovia Ltd v CruzCity 1 Mauritius Holdings
[
2012]EWHC 3702 (Comm);[
2013]2 All E.R. (Comm) 1;[
2013]1 Lloyd'
s
Rep. 235;[
2013]1 C.L.C. 1040;Official Transcript;QBD (Comm);20
December 2012
Considered
[
2012]EWCA Civ 638;[
2013]1 W.L.R. 102;[
795;[
2012]1 Lloyd'
s Rep. 671;[
2012]2 C.L.C. 216;[
2012]Lloyd'
s Rep.
I.R. 405;Times,August 24,2012;Official Transcript;CA (Civ Div);16 May
2012
Mentioned by
Independent Trustee Services Ltd v GP Noble Trustees Ltd
[
2012]EWCA Civ 195;[
2013]Ch. 91;[
2012]3 W.L.R. 597;[
2012]3 All
E.R. 210;[
2012]3 F.C.R. 1;[
2012]W.T.L.R. 1171;Official Transcript;CA
(Civ Div);28 February 2012
Mentioned by
Nomihold Securities Inc v Mobile Telesystems Finance SA
[
2012]EWHC 130 (Comm);[
2012]Bus. L.R. 1289;[
2012]1 Lloyd'
s Rep.
442;[
2012]1 C.L.C. 339;Official Transcript;QBD (Comm);02 February
2012
Followed
C v D | Westlaw UK
Page 9 of 17
Abuj
a International Hotels Ltd v Meridien SAS
[
2012]EWHC 87(Comm);[
2012]1 Lloyd'
QBD (Comm);26 January 2012
Considered
[
2012]EWHC 42 (Comm);[
2012]1 Lloyd'
s Rep. 275;[
2012]Lloyd'
s Rep.
I.R. 198;Official Transcript;QBD (Comm);19January 2012
Mentioned by
AES Ust-KamenogorskHydropower Plant LLP v Ust-Kamenogorsk
Hydropower Plant JSC
[
2011]EWCA Civ 647;[
2012]1 W.L.R. 920;[
845;[
2012]Bus. L.R. 330;[
2011]2 Lloyd'
s Rep. 233;[
2011]2 C.L.C. 51;
[
2011]Arb. L.R. 15;(2011) 108(25) L.S.G. 18;Official Transcript;CA (Civ
Div);27May 2011
Mentioned by
REC Wafer Norway AS (formerly REC Scanwafer AS) v Moser Baer Photo
Voltaic Ltd
[
2010]EWHC 2581 (Comm);[
2011]1 Lloyd'
QBD (Comm);15 October 2010
Mentioned by
HJ HeinzCo Ltd v EFL Inc
[
2010]EWHC 1203 (Comm);[
2010]2 Lloyd'
s Rep. 727;[
2010]1 C.L.C.
868;Official Transcript;QBD (Comm);28 May 2010
Mentioned by
Double K Oil Products 1996 Ltd v Neste Oil Oyj
[
2009]EWHC 3380 (Comm);[
2010]1 Lloyd'
s Rep. 141;(2010) 160 N.L.J.
68;Official Transcript;QBD (Comm);18 December 2009
Followed
Shashoua v Sharma
[
2009]EWHC 957(Comm);[
2009]2 All E.R. (Comm) 477;[
2009]2
Lloyd'
s Rep. 376;[
2009]1 C.L.C. 716;Official Transcript;QBD (Comm);
07May 2009
Mentioned by
C v D | Westlaw UK
Page 10 of 17
Sheffield United Football Club Ltd v West Ham United Football Club Plc
[
2008]EWHC 2855 (Comm);[
2009]1 Lloyd'
s Rep. 167;[
2008]2 C.L.C.
741;Official Transcript;QBD (Comm);26 November 2008
Mentioned by
Wasa International Insurance Co Ltd v Lexington Insurance Co
[
2008]EWCA Civ 150;[
2008]1 All E.R. (Comm) 1085;[
2008]Bus. L.R.
1029;[
2008]1 C.L.C. 340;[
2008]Env. L.R. 39;[
2008]Lloyd'
s Rep. I.R.
510;Official Transcript;CA (Civ Div);29February 2008
Significant Legislation
C ited
Arbitration Act 1996 (c.23)
Legislation C ited

Arbitration Act 1950 (c.27) s.12(6)(h)
Arbitration Act 1996 (c.23) Part 1
Arbitration Act 1996 (c.23) s.1
Arbitration Act 1996 (c.23) s.2(1)
Arbitration Act 1996 (c.23) s.4(5)
Convention of the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards
of 10 June 1958
of 10 June 1958 art.5
of 10 June 1958 Art.5
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Page 11 of 17
of 10th June 1958
of 10th June 1958 art.5
Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards,
New York,10 June 1958
Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards,
New York,10 June 1958 art.5
English Arbitration Act 1950
English Arbitration Act 1996
New York Convention
Procedural Order dated 20 February 2006 (SI 2006)
Supreme Court Act 1981 (c.54) s.37
US Federal Arbitration Act s.202
Journal Articles
The proper law of the arbitration agreement

Arbitration agreements; Choice of law; International commercial
arbitration; Seat of arbitration.
Arbitration 2014, 80(1), 55-61
An old friend reappears: which law governs the arbitration
agreement?
Arbitration agreements; Choice of law; Seat of arbitration.
Arbitration 2013, 79(3), 325-331
The law governing arbitration agreements in England
Applicable law; Arbitration agreements; Choice of law; Insurance policies;
Seat of arbitration.
L.M.C.L.Q. 2013, 1(Feb), 31-35
The proper law of arbitration agreement - a farewell to implied
choice?
Applicable law; Arbitration agreements; Arbitration clauses; Insurance
policies; International commercial arbitration; Jurisdiction clauses; Seat of
arbitration.
Int. A.L.R. 2012, 15(4), 140-144
The proper law of the arbitration clause: a challenge to the
prevailing orthodoxy
Applicable law; Arbitration clauses; International commercial arbitration;
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Presumptions; Seat of arbitration.
J. Int. Arb. 2010, 27(1), 1-8
Anti-suit injunctions: significance of the seat
Anti-suit injunctions; Arbitration clauses; EC law; Exclusive jurisdiction;
International commercial arbitration; Seat of arbitration.
Arb. L.M. 2009, Nov, 1-3
Ascertaining the proper law of an arbitration clause under English
law
Arbitration clauses; Choice of law; Harmonisation; International
commercial arbitration.
J. Priv. Int. L. 2009, 5(3), 425-445
The law applicable to arbitration proceedings: significance of the
seat
Anti-suit injunctions; Applicable law; Awards; Seat of arbitration.
Arb. L.M. 2008, Sep, 8-12
Litigating in the shadow of the New York Convention
Enforcement; International commercial arbitration; Recognition of
judgments; Treaties.
Arbitration 2008, 74(2), 133-138
Crossing the border
Anti-suit injunctions; Arbitration agreements; EC law; International
commercial arbitration; Jurisdiction.
Co. L.J. 2008, 21(Sep/Oct), 5-8
C v D: the English Court of Appeal upholds an anti-suit injunction in
support of arbitration proceedings
Anti-suit injunctions; Arbitration agreements; Choice of law; Insurance
contracts; International commercial arbitration; Seat of arbitration; United
States.
Int. A.L.R. 2008, 11(2), 104-109
London: the place to be
Anti-suit injunctions; Arbitration agreements; Awards; Insurance claims;
Liability insurance; Seat of arbitration.
L.L.I.D. 2008, Jan 11, 7
London: the place to be
Anti-suit injunctions; Arbitration agreements; Awards; Insurance claims;
Seat of arbitration.
L.L.I.D. 2008, Jun 10 Supp (A legal year in Brief 2007-2008), 14
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English arbitration law
Awards; Commercial arbitration; Costs; Enforcement; Failure to disclose;
Fraud; Indemnity basis; Right to fair and public hearing; Security for costs;
Stay of proceedings.
L.M.C.L.Q. 2008, 3(Aug) Supp (International Maritime and Commercial Law
Yearbook 2008), 27-34
London calling
Anti-suit injunctions; Arbitration agreements; Choice of law; Insurance
contracts; International commercial arbitration; Seat of arbitration; United
States.
Legal Week 2008, 10(39), 20
English courts: a favourable seat for arbitration
Anti-suit injunctions; Arbitration agreements; Awards; EC law; Insurance
claims; Liability insurance; References to European Court; Seat of
arbitration; United States.
Post Mag. 2008, Feb 21, 28
The Bermuda form in the Court of Appeal: legitimate expectations
upheld
Anti-suit injunctions; Arbitration agreements; Awards; Insurance contracts;
International commercial arbitration; Legitimate expectation; Seat of
arbitration.
Reins. 2008, Mar Supp (Insurance and Reinsurance review), 4-5
Books
Anton's Private International Law 3rd Ed.

Chapter: Chapter 11 - Arbitration
Documents: Sub-section 1. - Law Governing the Arbitration Agreement
Building Contract Disputes
Chapter: Chapter 11 Arbitration
Documents: Appeals and other Challenges
Butler & Merkin's Reinsurance Law
Chapter: Chapter C5 - Arbitration
Documents: C-0701 The law applicable to the agreement to arbitrate
Butler & Merkin's Reinsurance Law
Chapter: Chapter D4 - Conflict of Laws
Documents: D-0952 Contracts entered into before December 17, 2009
Chitty on Contracts 32nd Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 30 - Conflict of Laws
Documents: Section 2. - Common Law: The Doctrine of the Proper Law of a
Contract
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Documents: Sub-section (g) - Foreign Currency Obligations
Documents: Section 1. - Statutory Regulation
Documents: Section 2. - The Arbitration Agreement
Documents: Section 3. - Stay of Legal Proceedings
Colinvaux's Law of Insurance 10th Ed.
Documents: Section 4. - The Law Applicable to Insurance Contracts
Davidson: Arbitration
Chapter: Chapter 9 - The Governing Laws
Documents: Where section 6 does not applythe common law
Dicey, Morris & Collins 15th Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 12 - Forum Non Conveniens, Lis Alibi Pendens, Anti-suit
Injunctions and Jurisdiction Agreements
Documents: Section 1 - Forum Non Conveniens, Anti-Suit Injunctions and
Lis Alibi Pendens
Chapter: Chapter 12 - Forum Non Conveniens, Lis Alibi Pendens, Anti-suit
Injunctions and Jurisdiction Agreements
Documents: Section 2 - Jurisdiction Agreements
Chapter: Chapter 16 - Arbitration and Foreign Awards
Documents: Section 1 - Governing Law
Chapter: Chapter 16 - Arbitration and Foreign Awards
Documents: Section 2 - Staying of Proceedings and Injunctions to Restrain
Foreign Proceedings
Gee on Commercial Injunctions 6th Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 14 - Anti-suit injunctions
Documents: Section (7) - To Enforce the Res Judicata or Issue Estoppel
Effect of an English Judgment or Arbitration Award
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Gee on Commercial Injunctions 6th Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 14 - Anti-suit injunctions
Documents: Section (14) - Restraining Arbitration Proceedings
Handbook of Rent Review
Chapter: Chapter 11 - Appealing Against or Setting Aside an Award or
Expert Determination
Documents: 11.10.17 The Hearing
Handbook of UNCITRAL Arbitration 2nd Ed.
Chapter: Article 1 - Scope of Application
Documents: a. - English law
Handbook of UNCITRAL Arbitration 2nd Ed.
Chapter: Article 18 - Place of arbitration
Documents: Article 18 - Place of arbitration
Jurisdiction and Arbitration Agreements and their Enforcement 3rd
Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 4 - The Nature and Construction of Jurisdiction and
Arbitration Agreements and Resolving Potential Conflict between
Agreements
Documents: Nature of an agreement to arbitrate and its operation
Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 4 - The Nature and Construction of Jurisdiction and
Arbitration Agreements and Resolving Potential Conflict between
Agreements
Documents: Scott v Avery clauses
Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 6 - Choice of Law and Dispute Resolution Agreements
Documents: Common law principles applicable both to jurisdiction and
arbitration agreements
Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 6 - Choice of Law and Dispute Resolution Agreements
Documents: Section D. - Arbitration, the Procedural Law and Choice of
Seat
Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 12 - Restraining Injunctions and Orders
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Documents: Anti-suit injunctions and Brussels Regulation Recast in relation
to arbitration
Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 12 - Restraining Injunctions and Orders
Documents: Restraint of re-litigation or attempts to set aside an award
Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 16 - Enforcement of Awards and Arbitrators Orders
Documents: Introduction to Chapter
Ed.
Documents: Enforcement of substantive awards in England
Ed.
Documents: General approach to enforcement of New York Convention
awards
Lindley & Banks on Partnership 19th Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 10 - Partnership Agreements
Documents: Sub-section (a) - Arbitration
Redfern and Hunter - Law and Practice of International Commercial
Arbitration
Chapter: Chapter 3 - Applicable Laws
Documents: 3.15 - Law of the seat of the arbitration
Russell on Arbitration 24th Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 2 - The Arbitration Agreement
Documents: (a) - Drafting the arbitration agreement
Documents: (c) - The law of the arbitration agreement
Documents: (d) - The seat of the arbitration and the procedural law
Chapter: Chapter 7 - The Role of the Court Before and During the
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Arbitration
Documents: Section 3. - Anti-suit Injunctions
Chapter: Chapter 8 - The Role of the Court after the Award
Documents: (b) - Action on the award
Documents: Section 3. - Recognition and Enforcement of Certain Foreign
Awards
Documents: Section 4. - Challenge of Awards
The Law of Reinsurance 4th Ed.
Chapter: Chapter 13 - Reinsurance Litigation
Documents: Section 2. - Jurisdiction and Enforcement of Foreign
Judgments
Chapter: Chapter 14 - Reinsurance Arbitration
Documents: Section 1. - Outline of English Arbitration Law and Practice
Documents: Section 2. - Outline of Bermuda Arbitration Law and the
Uncitral Model Law
Documents: Section 4. - Arbitration and the Conflict of Laws
White Book 2016
Chapter: Section A - Civil Procedure Rules 1998 and Practice Directions
Documents: Rule 6.37 - Application for permission to serve the claim form
out of the jurisdiction
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Positive or Neutral Judicial Treatment

Subject: Conflict of laws Other related subjects: Arbitration; Insurance;

Appellate History &

Queen's Bench Division (Commercial Court); 28 June 2007

Significant Cases Cited

All Cases Cited

Fiona Trust & Holding Corp v Privalov

Key C ases C iting

Arbitration Act 1996 (c.23)

Arbitration Act 1950 (c.27)

The proper law of the arbitration agreement

Anton's Private International Law 3rd Ed.

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