Modern Irrigation System with Smart Protection Using

GSM
Sonawane Kajol,Solanki Naresh V., Shinde Aniket

AbstractIt is a project based on irrigation system which can be helpful

for effective utilization of all the resources like water, motor as
well it can be used be used for ease of human efforts. The
proposed project is automation irrigation system used for
protection of 3 phase motor and also used to minimize the water
input and human intervention. This invention will be used to
detect the moisture contents in the soil and water level in the
well.This project consists of GSM module that can be used for
ON/OFF of motor and periodically activating of valve to supply
water in different parts of the field. Overall this invention can be
very usefull and can have better scope in the future.

acknowledge the user whether motor is ON or OFFand

in case, if it is OFF, what are the conditions behind it.
Also we can activate the valve to direct the flow of
water in particular direction.

3. Smart automation:
This feature will allow the automatic activation of
the valve periodically to direct the flow of water in
particular direction. Also it will be used check the
amount of moisture in the well and accordingly
delivering only that amount of water that is required for
that section.

IntroductionNow-a-days the motors that are used in the irrigation system

lack in protection. The systems that have been developed till day
for the use of human efforts only provide the facility of ON/OFF
through GSM. This invention deals with the detection and
protection from the conditions that will lead to damage of motor.

The project is divided into two parts:

1.
2.

Protection of motor.
GSM approach.
3. Smart automation.

1. Protection of motor:
It deals with the phase fail, overvoltage,
overcurrent and dry run of the motor.

2. GSM approach:
The GSM module will be used to ON/OFF the
motor by sending an sms. It will be also used to

Short description of each block:

Phase failure:
It may happen sometimes, there may be phase failure. A 3 phase
motor running on single phase draws all of its current from
remaining 2 lines which will cause the motor winding to heat
and the motor may damage. A phase failure may occur because
of a blown fuse in some part of the power distribution system, a
mechanical failure within the switching equipment, or if one of
the power lines open. A three-phase motor running on single
phase draws all of its current from the remaining two lines.
Attempting to start a three-phase motor on single phase will
cause the motor to draw locked-rotor current and the motor
will not start. The reaction time of thermal overload units may
be too slow to provide effective protection from the excessive
heat generated in the motor windings when a phase failure
occurs. Protecting a three-phase motor against phase
failure is difficult because a lightly loaded threephase motor operating only on single phase will generate a
voltage, often called regenerated voltage or back EMF, in its
open winding almost equal to the lost voltage. Therefore,
voltage sensing devices which monitor only the voltage
magnitude may not provide complete protection from a phase
failure which occurs when the motor is running. A greater
degree of protection can be obtained from a device
which can detect the phase angle displacement

accompanying a phase failure. Under normal

conditions, the three-phase voltages are 120
degrees out of phase with respect to one another. A
phase failure will cause a phase angle displacement
away from the normal 120 degrees.

Over voltage:
If the voltage through the supply is higher than the actual rated,
then the motor starts over heating, hence it will damage the
motor with the help of a comparator and variable resistor, we
can design overvoltage protection circuit.

Over current:
If for any reason, the motor windings draw more current than
their rated, for excess heat is generated causing damage to motor
insulation and hence further damage to the motor.

Dry run protection:

It may be possible there may be shortage of water in the well
then due to free motion of motor, the windings can damage. To
protect it, we can use level indicator to check whether there is
water in well or not.

Supply of required amount of water:

We can develop moisture senors to check the level of moisture.
According to that we can keep the supply of water ON for that

specific period of time only so that there will be less wastage of

water.

Activating of valve:
For large fields, it is not possible to supply water to the whole
area of filed at the same instant. So we make the system to
automatically activation of valves without the need for manual
activating of valve.

Advantages:

Reduces human efforts.

Water Saving.

Protect motor from damaging.

Increase the life of the motor

Avoid extra expenses of buying a new motor

Applications:

Garden watering system .

Agricultural lands.

Can be used in Industries.

Block diagram:

Reference
en.wikipedia.org/
http://stevenengineering.com/Tech_Support/PDFs/45RPHS.pdf