syLiR sLSsNTP BxqsVNRP xmsLjiLRiORPQ sVVR sVV

qx sx qx sLixmsR, s ssLRiVV[s xqssWs EzLiR[Li. xmsxmsLiysXjNTP C xmsNRPX

xmsryjy[ sVWLi. @LiVV[ W DxmsLjiRLi NTPLiR Li[ sV Ljigji xmsosLRiVRLRiNSso.
Rs[*N]k RLjigjiFsRs[VgSds sVd @s GLRi[ @sNSaSV [so. [aRP ALjiNRP ssqx s sXjNTP
sssVV\ZNPs @VsLi s xqsLixmsRsV sNTPdRVRLi FyLjiaSsVNUPNRPLRi RLS*[ @jNRP\sVLij.
C xmsLjisVLi s ssLRiV ssWgSs |msLiRRs[V NSNRPVLiy ys mx sLjisVNTPsVLi
RVNRPV ][[ }mslLi[zmsLiLij. A sV\ss qx sx qx sLixmsRsV ][zmsU [qx sW [aRPyxmsLigS
gRisVV, BxqsVNRP sWzmnsRW LigS s[sVNRPVLij. xmsxqsVRLi gRisV sWzmnsRWNRPLi[ FsNRPVsgS
BxqsVNRP sWzmnsRW [aSs sNTPrLij. FsLiRVNRPLi[ BsVsVV, \ZNPQQ=, sWLigRidsqs, gRiV sLi
gRisVV N]s LSuy[s[ DLiRRLi][ ARW FyLiyZNP[ gRisV sWzmnsRW xmsLjisVR\sVLij.
NSds BxqsVNRP sWzmnsRW @ NSRV. [aRPLi[ ds ssLRiVVs xms gSsVLi[sW lLiF][Lij.
sRVV, LRiVsoV, NRPVLiV, xms WsVVV s[ds sRNRPVLiy BxqsVNRPsV zmsLi[xqsW N][V
N]g]RV][Lij. sVLji BxqsVNRP sVLi \Li dRVRLisW[sWgSds N][rydLRi FyLiy[ sRV
sVLi N][V zmsLi[RVsRs LRiVso [zqsLij. sVs LSxtsQLi[ gRiR mx s[[ BxqsVNRP Rs*NS\|ms
xmsLRis[ORPQ N]LRisT yNRPV @FyLRi sxtsQLi ysV Bs NSg`i aSxqssxqsNRPV qx ssVLjiLis
ss[RNRP[ Fs RWzmsLij. @LiVV[ LSxtsQLi[ By Ljigjis ][zmsUNTP @RVNRP s[qx sW [Fy
qx sLSL`i dxqsVN]s sWRs sysLis BxmsZNP[ 18 N][ AyRVLi sLij. B[ ]LRissV
sWRs LSys sLSLi[sW RWzms xmsysWRV ssLRiV FR=zLi ssLRiVV,
mx sLSsLRis NSFyy.
BxqsVNRP sWzmnsRW AgRiyV
[aSsXj][Fy[ sLS LRiLigRiLi @sxqsLSV |msLjigjisLiRVs BxqsVNRPNRPV TsWLi` @jNRP\sVLij.
|msLjigjis gjiLSNUPNTP][RV BxqsVNRP Rs*NS\|ms [aRPyxmsLigS s}tsQRLi N]srygRiVRVLiRRLi][ BxqsVNRP
LigSLRiLigS sWLjiLij. xmnsRLigS FsNRPR C sV\ss ssLRiV DLi[ @NRPR sWzmnsRW [gRi
yFLiVV sk gRiLSsV ][rLij. yxmsNTPLiRdsLRiV [aRPLi[s @s LSuy[ BxqsVNRP
sWzmsRW FyRVNRPVFLiVVLij. NRPXuy, g][ysLji, gRiLigS, RVsVVy, RLi, g][sV, lLi[s
RjRLRi sRV gRiV|msxms sVN]k BxqsVNRPsV @NRPsVLigS RLRiLi[zqs r~sVV
[xqsVNRPVLi[Lij. qx sgRiVs IN][ sj NTPLiR sLiVV N][ AyRWsNTP gRiLiT|msRV][Lij.
][sW s[R sVLi FssV[V, FsLi{msV, sVLiRV sLRiNRPV xmsoxtsQLigS LSNUPRV
@LiRRLiRV @LijxqsVLiRRLi][ sWzmnsRW AgRiyNRPV @Li[[NRPVLiy F][Lij. @RVss
yLRiV FsLiR |msR y\lLiy sRNRPVLiy xRNRPV NRPWy ssVNSRs DRLiyV DRLRixms[a`P,
sVRxms[a`P, zsWRxms[a`P, RsVyRV[ sVgRiVRWaSLiVV. sLjiNTP HGFsqs @jNSLRiVsV
\|qsRLi BxqsVNRP sWzmnsRW sR[RV.

sVVLiRVRWxmso][ ssxLjiLiy
N]R LSys sLSLiN][xqsLi ALiRxms[a`P xmsVR*Li GLSV [rLij. sWRs LSys,
FsLRiLi FyNRPV xmspLjiNTP xmsNRPV zqsRLi [rLij. ds @sxqsLS][FyV xmsVR*,
\|ms#s[V sLSV, sNRP rNRPLSV N][xqsLi N][ sV BxqsVNRP @sxqsLRiLi NSsVLij. xmsVR*
xmssVNRPV 2 N][ sVV, \|ms#s[V xmssVNRPV 1.75 N][ sV BxqsVNRP @sxqsLRiLi DLiVLiRs
@jNSLRiV @LiRy. BxmsZNP[ LSxtsQLi[s sk mx sLjiyx FyLiy[ @NRPsV Rs*NS][
BxqsVNRPLiy ET|msVNRPVFLiVVLij. @xqsV G[V sRV xmsLjiRV[ FsLiRs[VLRiNRPV BxqsVNRP
@LiRVV[ DLiRs aS{qsQRV NRP[ [so. C s[mx sRLi[ qx sLSL`i sVVLiRVRWxmso][
ssxLjiLiy. BxqsVNRP N]LRiRsV RXztsQ[|msVN]s xmsysWRW gRiVLjiLi A[Liy.
FsLiRVNRPLi[ NRPXuy, g][ysLji sLi sRV[ BxqsVNRPsV RLRi}qs GLRi[ sVVxmsVsV qx sLSL`i
@LiRy s[RW. dLRi FyLiy[ BxqsVNRP Rs*NSV R*LiR* sVVxmsV][ NRPWRVNRPVs
xmsLjisVsVs gRiVLjiLiy. INRP\sxmso ALjiNRPLigS sxtsQFsRs[VNSNRPVLiy xmsLSsLRiLi s[
@LiaSs mx szqsgRi.
xmsysWRW][s[ xmsLSsLRi xmsLjiLRiORPQ
BxqsVNRP qx sx ydgS mx ss[xqsW sj @RVgRiV gSs, xqsLixmsRsV xqsLiLRiOTPQxqsVLij. sVR
@Rso sXjNTP BxqsVNRP jV ][RRVyLiVV. @ AVF qx ssVRVLi[ DxmsVdsLRiV
s[V, \sVys FyLiy[NTP ]RVNRPVLSNRPVLiy, s[ N][RNRPV gRiVLjiNSNRPVLiy xmsLjiLRiOTPQryLiVV.
@lgi[ BxqsVNRP dss mx s DLiRVRVLij. WgRiLRi sVV xmsTFNRPVLiy NSFyRVRVLij.
sk dLS[ BxqsVNRP DLi[s[ dsLRiV aRPVj Ljigji ygRiysNTP @sVNRPWLigS sWLRiVRVLij. @LiVV[
@NRPsV Rs*NSs dLRi FyLiR s \ssRLi xmssWRLi[ xmsRV][Lij. mx sgRiRxmso ksoV
R*Lixqs\sV, ryyLRi [xms s ZNP[ @LRiV\s sVVxqs, BRLRi RLSV, dLS[ sLi[
xmsORPVV @LiRLjiLiF[V xmsLjizqs GLRiTLij. @Li[NSNRPVLiy BxqsVNRP sWzmnsRW NRPV
[aRPLi[s xmsys sRVV IFRVyLiVV. qx sx qx s*LRiWFys N][[LiVV xmsyx jaRPV
sWLRiVNRPVLiVyLiVV. xmsys sk xmsLkiyxNRP FyLiy[s[ NSNRP, s ssRV[sW
BxqsVNRP s*sV N]g][xqsVs xmnsRLigS sLisV, LRixyLRiVV yaRPsVsoRVyLiVV.
@sLiNRPLi[ sVVLigS WgRiLRi V @RVgRiLi RVVxmsNRP [LRiV FsLiT xmsLiV
LiVyLiVV. gRiR xms[[ @Rg][V Rs*NS][ xmsLjizqs [LiVVyLij. sWRs BxqsVNRP
sysLi xmsNRPLis RLS*R NRPWy RV[RgS Rs*NSV rygSLiVV. LSxtsQLi[ BxqsVNRP ssLRiVV
NRPLjigjiFLiVVs s[xmsRLi[ xmsLjisVNTPsVLi Rs*NSV [xmsRLi ZaP[RVxqsLRiLi NSRV.
LS BxqsVNRP [y L][[ aSLi`
@RRVyV, sxmsoV xmsNSLRiLi xmsxqsVRLi [aRPLi[s @s[NRP FyLiy[ qx s*RQ\sVs, yQ\sVs
BxqsVNRP @s[j @LiRVV[ [RV. @s xms[aS[ Li[ BxqsVNRP[ IZNP[ sVW xmsyLSV

[so. @NRPLRi[s xmsyLS][ NRPWTs VLRiR, ILiRV @NRPLi, LSgRiV, yxmsLSLiVV, BRLRi
sVs mx syLSV @LiRV[ [Lji DyLiVV. ryyLRiLigS sLkiR xmsLjisWLiNRPLi[ C sLSV
|msLjigji[ BxqsVNRP {sLigS sWLRiVRVLij. sLSsNTP GsWRLi DxmsWgRixmsRRV. @LiVV[
zqss BLidsLRiV, ALjiNRPVV, sLSyLRiVV sVs ryyLRi sNRPVV yQ\sVs BxqsVNRP
Gj @s[j gRiVLjiLiR[s mx sLjizqs. sVL][\sxmso ds RLS*R @RLiR FsNRPVsgS y[ mx syLRiLi
NSLiNUP. LRi` G 450 sVRVs NRPWN`P dsVLRi NSLiNUPsV ssWgjirLij. @Li[ IN][
sQQNTP qx sgRiVs sV NSLiNUPsV ssWgjiqx sVyRV. BxqsVNRP yR [xmsLi, N]LRiR, @jNRP
NSLiNUP ssWgRiLi sLi qx ssVxqssV @jgRisVLiyLi[ NRPXsV BxqsVNRP INRP[ xmsLjiuyLRiLi.
|qsLi L][` Lki|qsL`i, sj aS{qsQRV mx sLjia][Rs, @V, sRV`, sLS xqsLixqsV
xmsysWRV BxqsVNRP ssLRiV\|ms @RRVyV [aSLiVV. dRVLigS, @LiRLSdRVLigS
FsLi][sVLij BLidsLjiLig`i sxmsoVV, ALjiNRPVV xmssVV ryLiZNP[NRP, \ssNRP mx sLjia][R s
xmsNRP y*LS BxqsVNRPLRizR DRRVsV sVgRiV[NTP dxqsVNRPV syLRiV. y[ sVVQ\sVsj
FsLiaSLi` [y LS BxqsVNRP. @s[NRP aRPyVgS ssR sLS[ FyRsVNRP ssLRiVgS LS
BxqsVNRPsV ssWgjixqsVs V xmsyLRi xmsLkiORPQ xqsLixqsc sVLjiRV zqsLig`i xqs RVdsNRPLjirLij.
xqsVsxmsoLSLiVV, gS\s, gRi[, ry , ^ sLi NS*Lki LSsV ARVsNRP RVLiy][
F~T[zqs NRPy[ ssWgjiLi[ ryLiZNP[NRPR xmsxmsLiRyxmsLigS @LiRVV[NTP sLij.
BLi NSs HLRiLi`, BLigRiLi`[ xms[ NTPRs[V ssWgjiLiyLRiV. xmsxqsVRLi HL][Fy
@LiR, AzmnsNS[s N]s FyLiy[ LSF~Ts yRVRVyLRiV. Lig`iNSLig`i [s LRiV
FsLiaSLi`][FyV BxqsVNRPNRPV xmsysWRVLigS gS F~Ts DxmsWgjixqsVyLRiV. ALjiNRP, sVsNRP,
xmsxtsQR xmsLRiLigS sWsVWV BxqsVNRP NRPLi[ LS BxqsVNRP aRPNTPsVLiR\sVsj. LS BxqsVNRPNRPV DLi[
N][V NSLiNUPsV gS @RVNRPVs[V [ryLiVV. ks @sVLjiNRP NRPsVLi sLSsNTP
ssRs[V NSNRPVLiy sVsNRPsV |msLiRVRVLij. sLjiQxtsQ yR xmssW][ LS BxqsVNRP
DR @[V RVLiyV @LiRVV[ syLiVV. NSLiNUPNRPV s[ gRiVV LS
BxqsVNRP[ @jNRPLigS DsV BLilLi[xtsQs |qsLiL`i xmnsL`i @gjilgi[ LkixqsL`icH{qsGAL`i qx sLixqs
mx sLjia][R s[ [Lij. qx sx BxqsVNRP[ DLi[ qx sLi{msRs aRPNTP( NRPLi|mszqss |qsLi`) LSN`P aSLi`[sW
DsV s\ Lij.
sRV BxqsVNRPNRPV xqs\lLis xmsysWRVLigS LS BxqsVNRPsV xmsLSsLRi s[RV gRiVLjiLiyLRiV.
sVs[aSsN]}qs ZNP[LRi, NRPLSNRP, RsVyRV, sVLSxtsQ[ FsNRPVsgS FsLiaSLi` FyLiV
DyLiVV. lLiUsVN`P=, Lki sLS qx sLixqsV LS BxqsVNRPs[ yRVRVyLiVV. qx sV{msLi N][LRiV
DRLRiV* RLS*R C LSuy[s sLS LRiLigRi NRPLi|msdsV 150 \sVNSsV sVLi 4.75
sV.dsVLRi xmssW[ yVgRiV LRiNS LS BxqsVNRPsV DR [xqsW xqsLRixmnsLS [xqsVyLiVV.
FsLiaSLi`s dsLRiV, zqssVLi ssWgRiLi LkigS RgjisV sLS xqsLixqsV gRizLiyLiVV.

NSxmsL`i ryg`i
xmsxmsLiRyxmsLigS G xqsVsWLRiV 33 sVRVs sV LSgji V(ryg`i) DR @so][Lij.
BLiRV[ 6 sVLi 6.5 sV.sV ryg`i INRP LRi` sVLi[ srLij. 50 aSRLi NSxmsL`iryg`isV
BxqsVNRPNRPV xmsysWRVLigS yRsRs xmsLjia][RsV yVRVyLiVV. |qsLi L][` Lki|qsL`i
BszqsW @RRVsLi NRPWy BxqsVNRPNRPV xmsysWRVLigS NSxmsL`i ryg`isV yRsRs
}msL]Lij. zqsLigRixmspL`i[s lLiU sVN`P= NSLiNUP NRPLi|msdsV NSxmsL`i ryg`isV BxqsVNRPNRPV RVVgS
DxmsWgjiqx sVyLiVV. NSxmsL`i ryg`i ssWgRiLi, DxmsWgRiLi RXztsQ[ |msVN]s @NRPT xmsVR*Li
zqsLigRixmspL`i xmsyLRi xmssW sLRi*Rys qx ssLjiLiLij. xqsx, NRPXsV BxqsVNRPsV sLSLRiLigRi
ssLRiVgS gRiVLjiLiLij. xmnsRLigS sLS[ xmsysWRV BxqsVNRPVsV y[LiRVNRPV @sNSaRPLi
GLRiTLij. gRiVLS`, LSrys, sVLSxtsQ LSuy[ NSxmsL`i ryg`isV N]s \|ms#s[V
NRPLi|msdsV sLS qx sLixqsNRPV qx sLRimx nsLS [qx sVyLiVV.
qs xmnslLi[qs ryg`i
BsVsVV, DNRPV mx sLjiaRPsV sVLi G 10 sV.sV q s xmsn lLi[q s ryg`i DR @soRVsV
zqssVLi LRiLigRiLi\|ms xmss[zqss 12s xmsLiRsL<Ri xmsNRP sLjiLig`i gRiWms gRiVLjiLiLij. A
XLiRLi[s J sxmsoVT xmsNSLRiLi...ryyLRi zqssVLi sLS NRPLi[ qs mx nslLi[qs ryg`i
yTs zqssVLi mx ssV[ @jNRP yR DLiRs [Lij. RXRR*LixmsLRiLigS BxqsVNRPNRPV xqs\lLis
xmsysWRVLigS qs xmnslLi[qs ryg`isV yRsRs }msL]Lij.
NRPLSNRP LSxtsQ NSVxtsQ sRVLiR sVLiRcZNP[Fsqs{ms{qsd xqsx BxqsVNRPNRPV qx s\lLis xmsysWRV
mx syLRiLigS qs xmnslLi[qs ryg`isV DNRPV, L][RV, sLS, sNRP xqsRVFyRW LRiLigS xqsLixqsV
y[ @sgSxs NRPrLij. gRiR xms[gS @s[NRP @sXj Lijs [aSV gSsV[`
qs xmnslLi[qs ryg`isV sLSLRiLigRiLi[ sRVsLiRLigS yRVRVyLiVV. sLS yR,
sVsNRP\|ms xmssLiRW}ms N][Q\lLiRV, s sLSV, VLRiR, sV, qx ssVVR xmsyLSV qs mx nslLi[qs
ryg`i[ [ss [LRiV. B[ sxtsQRWs ZNP[Fsqs{ms{qsd xmsyLRiLi [rLij. kss[ @sVLjiNS NRPWy
ssWgjirLij. 2020 yNTP sVs [aRPLi[ 70 sVRVs sV ryg`i }msLRiVNRPV FRVLiRs
@LiRy. xms sLiVV sV {qs DR[ sLRiLigS s[ 500 sV ryg`isV sLS
@sqx sLSNRPV DxmsWgji}qs ryg`i qx ssVxqsNRPV mx sLjiuyLRiLi ]LRiVNTPs[ss sxmsoVV qx sWxqsVyLRiV.
sLS, NRPWs[R sLSV
gRiR xms[gS LRiR sLS LRiLigRiLi G 10 aSRLi sXj lLi[VsV ssWRV[rLij. ysNTP
@sVgRiVLigSs[ [aRPyxmsLigS sLS xms[aRPLi][FyV sLSW LkigS |msLRiVgRiVRVyLiVV.
[aRPLi[ DR @soRVs sLS qx ssWyLRiLi ZNP[LiR @ds, mx sLSsLRiaS sR [NRPFLiVVy
@s LRiNSsLS, NRPWs[R sLSV NRPzms INRP 2013[s[ 530 sVN`P sVV DR
@LiVVsV ryLiZNP[NRP xqssWyLRi, @LiRy sVjLixmso sVLiRcHFsmnsG{qs NRPNRP Lij. INRP

Td[s[ L][NRPV 4 s[ sV ss sLS, FyR sy NRPWs[R sLSsV

@NRPT sgRiLRiFyNRP xqsLixqs }qsNRPLjirLij. jd sgRiLRiFyNRP qx sLixqs... mx sLSsLRi qx sRVFyRWV,
}qss qx sLixqscHCHFsqsFs gRiry*sVLi][ sLS, NRPWs[R sLSsV aRPVj[}qs \|ms
FyNRPVsV VLSLji[ FyLRiLiLiLij. J\sxmso mx ssNTPLSs mx syLSsV }qsNRPLjixqsW sVL][\sxmso ys
Lki\|qsNTP [zqs sWlLiLig`i [rLij. NSLiNUPNRPLi[ 10 sVLi 15 aSRLi RNRPVs sVVLi[ C
mx sosLRiVyRNRP BxqsVNRPsV aS sLi yQ\sVs xmssVNRPV yRNRPFLiVVy FnLjiLig`i, zmnsLig`i sLi
xmssVNRPV yRVRVyLRiV.
Bs[ NSNRPVLiy G LRi`[ sVN]k DR @soRVs sVRWtsQ, FnLiU aSLi`,
aRPVj [zqss Amsn uL`i aSLi`sV ssWgjiLi @RR NRPyV sLjiLis DRLiyV @s[NPR Li
DyLiVV. |qsLi L][` Lki|qsL`i xqsLixqs, sRV`, sLS qx sLixqsV... NSxmsL`i ryg`i, qs mx nslLi[qs
ryg`i, FnLiUaSLi`sV BxqsVNRPNRPV xmsysWRVLigS xmsWgSRNRPLigS xmsLjibdPLi sVLi
xmnsyV ryjLiyLiVV. 20, 30, 50, 70 aSRLi B LRiNRPLRiNS sxtsQRV[ NRPXsV BxqsVNRPsV
yT j*dRV, sVRZaP[ sysV yy xmssW][ sLjiLiyLiVV.
ZNP[LRi, NRPLSNRP, sVLSxtsQV sVVLiRLi
sVs[aRPLi[ BxqsVNRP N]LRiR, xmsLSsLRi NSLRi][ xmsysWRV ssLRiV ssWgRiLi |msLjigjiy
AbPLis ryLiVV[ sWRLi [RV. ROTPQ, xmsbPsV LRiRLi[s N]s FyLiyV sVs BRLRi
xms[aS[ LS BxqsVNRP @LiRVV[ [RV. dRV xLjiR \QVs s}tsQRLi, mx sLSsLRi
qx ssVfLi sLi @LiaSV sLS LRiLigRi xqsLixqs xmsysWRW\sxmso RXztsQryLjiLi[
[xqsVy xms[ @sgSxs [NRP sVVLiRVNRPV LSsRLi [RV. @LiVV[ ZNP[LRi, NRPLSNRP,
sVLSxtsQV sWRLi LS BxqsVNRP yRNSs |msLiyLiVV. xmsVR* sLS[ RxmssxqsLjigS
xmsysWRV ssLRiVs[ yys[ syysV @sVxqsLjixqsVyLiVV. NRPLSNRP xqsLSL`i sVL][ @RVgRiV
sVLiRVZNP[zqs {msRVU sgRiLi [xms[ @sLRiNRP xmssVV, sLS[ NRPXsV BxqsVNRPs[
yys gRi[yj [ Lki[zqsLij. @lgi[ gS\s, LS NS*Lki sRVLiR, LS BxqsVNRP
RRWLki FyLi Fy=sNTP 2011 sVLi sWRs syys @sVVxmsLRiVrLij. sRV BxqsVNRP
FyysLi RXuy RsVyRV, gRiVLS`, sVRxms[a`P xqsLSLRiV NRPWy L][[ aSLi` FyLi
ryxmssNRPV xqsxNRPLjixqsW LS BxqsVNRP yRNSs FR=zxqsVyLiVV.
ZNP[LiRLi sWRs sysLi xmsNRPLiy
@NRPsV BxqsVNRP Rs*NRPLi sWsy sVsVgRiRNRPV qx syV sLij. xmsLjisVNTP sVLi ry BxqsVNRPsV
Rs* RLRiLiy @j s RLS ygRiV, rygRiVds R\|ms ds xmssLi RWxmsoRVLij.
@xqs[ sRV\|ms sLisV, FyNRPVV sLjiLi qx sx ds xmsy @RVNRPVLiVsLiRVs
gRiRLi[ sWjLjigS N]RgS BxqsVNRP GLRiRRLi [RV. BLi s[xmsRLi[ ZNP[LiRLi ryLRi*NRP
syys xmsNRPLiy. ZNP[LiR @ds, xmsLSsLRi, gRisVVcssXj , xmssXj

aS][ xms[NRP NRPsVs GLSV [RW. ssR xmsVR*, \|ms#s[V qx sLixqsV {qs*RV
@RRVyV, xmsLjia][Rs][ @sXj [zqss xmsysWRV BxqsVNRP ssLRiV rysVLSQs
xmsLkiOTPQLi ssWgRiLi[NTP dxqsVNRPVLSy. sWRs sLS rysVgjis @sXj [zqs ssWgjiLi[
ss sLS xmsyLRi ryLiZNP[NRP Fy=x sVLiRcdFsLi{ms{qs y*LS BRLRi[aS[ yRVRVs
FsLicaSLi`, NSxmsL`i ryg`i, gS F~T, mx sosLRiVR [zqss sLS sLS\|ms mx sLjia][R sV
[LiVVLiy. gSsVryLiVV[ sNRPVV, qx sLixqs sLS @sqx sLSsV yLjiNTP qx sLjiF[V
BxqsVNRPsV ARW xmsVy*V, xqsLRixmnsLSyLRiVV mx sLizms [}qs LSuy qx ssVs*RVLi][
sRVLiR ssxqssV GLSV[RW. x @LiRxqsVV, L][RV, sLisV, y
qx ssVVyRW sLS[ xqsx BxqsVNRPsV RgjiLi L][[ aSLi` ssWgjiLi[ ss
sLS xqsLixqsV, LRiNRPV A[aSV Lki [RW. @sLiNRPLi[ sVVLigS LS BxqsVNRPsV
DR [}qs NRPLi|msdssV FR=zLi Fy|qszqsLig`i RVWs ryxmssNRPV xqsxNRPLjiLiy. sVR
RLRigRi xms r~LiLi NRP ryNSLRiLi @[V BxqsVZNP[RLRi DRRV @LiRVV[NPT
dxqsVNRPVLSy.
RWLRiRXztsQ][ @RVgRiVV s[RW
NSLilgiqs xmsVR*Li @sVxqsLjiLis syy][ BxqsVNRP s*V d @RWLiVV. BxqsVNRP ][zmsU][
gRiV[yLRiVV, @NRPsV Rs*NRPLiyLRiV gRiVxmsylLi[gSds xqsLSL`iNRPV sWRLi AyRVLi LS[RV.
sVL][\sxmso Rs*NS s}tsQRLi][ sLS LRiLigRiLi NRPVLiVxmsTLij. C xmsLjizqsRV[ sLS LRiLigRiLi,
xmsLSsLRiLi lLiLi sVR qx ssVfLi ryjLiyLi[ xmsysWRV BxqsVNRP ssLRiV
@LiRVV[NTP dxqsVNRPVLSy. @sLRiNS NRPyNRPV BxqsVNRPs[ yys RXNRPRLi
]gjiF[V xms[ \RsLi dxqsVNRPVLSy. sy aSNRPV NRPXsV BxqsVNRP DxmsWgjiLiRNRP
FLiVVy xmsxLki g][RV, gRiRV, FyxqsLjiLig`i RjRLRi xmssV[ xmsysWRV BxqsVNRPsV y[
@sgSxs NRPLiy. sVVLigS sLS[ FyxqsLjiLig`i @sxqsLRiLi RgjiLi[ xmsRRV
FR=zLiy. xLjiR sLS sLiRssV NRPRLigS @sVV[RW. @Li[NSNRPVLiy
Bs sWRs sysLi[ xmsNRPLis sWLRiRLRi+NSsLids xmsNTPLiy. Rs*NRPxmso
FyLiyV, s* ZNP[Liy sR {qs{qs ZNPsVLSV, G ARW xmsyV, sRV xmsLjij[
s[lLi[ BxqsVNRPsV NRPNRP [ xmsLjibdPs ZNP[LiysV GLSV [rysVs [sV @sVV
[RW. slLi[bPR FyLiy[ @sVsVRVV F~Lijs yLRiV @sVsVLis ysNRPLi[ FsNRPVs
Rs*[ NRPhjisLigS RLRiV dxqsVN][y. @NRPsVLigS BxqsVNRP RLRi}qs sj Li[ LjisWysV lLi Lixmso
[RW. [aRPyxmsLigS ssWgRiLi |msLjigji GZNP[RV ds R RgjiFRVs RLRiVLi[
qx sx BxqsVNRPsV F~RVxmsogS syy LRiWF~LijLiy. NRP LSys sLjiLi[ NRPsVLi[
mx sLSsLRi mx sLjiLRiORPQNRPV NRPVxmsRNRPF[ sxtsQRV[ ds qx sLiO][QLi RxmsRV. dLRi FyLiyV,
sk ssLRiV xmsLjiLRiOTPQLi[ jaRPgS xqs*LSLiQR sLS @RVgRiVV rygS.