Princess Sumaya University for Technology

Electrical Engineering Department

Power Systems Lab

Experiment No. 7
Investigating Busbar Systems

Group
Number

Student Name

Student Number

Layout and Wiring Plan

To study the basic relationships applicable to switchgear, we will set up the training workplace
shown in Figure 7, basically allowing all the switching operations described in Section "Basic
circuitry of a double busbar system".
To evaluate voltages and currents, we will use the SCADA Power-Lab software (SO4001-3F).
Open the SCADA Viewer. At the start page select the example EPD. Set the RS485 interface for
each busbar device to the address specified by the respective field designation. After that,
connect the devices by means of the Profibus cable (all plugs set to OFF) and link them to the PC
via the LM9025 interface converter.

Figure 1: Screenshot of SCADA Power-Lab with a Double Busbar

To fully utilize a double busbar system's capabilities, it would be practical to supply each busbar
from a separate power source. However, this would require installation of a synchronization
mechanism upstream.
The circuit in this experiment will be fed by a single power source.

To achieve different loads for the individual busbars and produce a displacement current via the
coupler panel, one busbar can be tapped before the line model, the other busbar after the line
model. In practice, this occurs when a substation is fed both by a remote and a nearby power plant.

Note: Switching devices are generally drawn in the OFF state.

The currents and their distribution can vary depending on the load and contact resistance.
Instead of the resistive load, the three-phase motor can also be connected in delta mode.

Figure 2: Basic Layout of the Training Workplace

Procedure:
1. Single busbar operation
1.1 Manual Control
When the three-phase supply is off, we want to test the sequence of connecting and
disconnecting the Circuit breaker (C.B) and isolator.

Procedure

Operation Allowed

Alarm

1. Circuit breaker Q13 ON

Test 1
Test 2

2. Isolator Q11 ON
1. Isolator Q11 ON
2. Circuit breaker Q13 ON
1. Isolator Q11 OFF

Test 3

2. Circuit breaker Q13 OFF

1. Circuit breaker Q13 OFF

Test 4

2. Isolator Q11 OFF

What can be said about the functions of the isolators?

They switch the current.
They are used to visually indicate disconnected states.
During feed-in, they are closed before the circuit breaker.

Several answers may

be correct.

During feed-in, they are closed after the circuit breaker.

They must only be switched in the de-energized state.

1.2 Remote Control

Set the three-phase supply to a line-to-line voltage of 220 V.

Set the resistive load to 200 .

1.2.1 Single busbar operation with one incoming feeder

Switch ON (e.g. connection of a consumer)
Field 1: Incoming feeder 1
3. Isolator Q11 ON
4. Circuit breaker Q13 ON
Voltage [kV]
Busbar 1
Busbar 2
Incoming Feeder 1
Incoming Feeder 2
Outgoing Feeder 1
Outgoing Feeder 2
Coupler Panel

Current [A]
-------

----

Field 3: Outgoing feeder 1

1. Isolator Q31 ON
2. Circuit breaker Q33 ON
Voltage [kV]
Busbar 1
Busbar 2
Incoming Feeder 1
Incoming Feeder 2
Outgoing Feeder 1
Outgoing Feeder 2
Coupler Panel

Current [A]
-------

----

Field 4: Outgoing feeder 2

1. Isolator Q41 ON
2. Circuit breaker Q43 ON
Voltage [kV]
Busbar 1
Busbar 2
Incoming Feeder 1
Incoming Feeder 2
Outgoing Feeder 1
Outgoing Feeder 2
Coupler Panel

Current [A]
-------

----

1.2.2 Single busbar operation: Switch OFF (e.g. disconnection of a consumer)

Field 3: Outgoing feeder 1
1. Circuit breaker Q33 OFF
2. Isolator Q31 OFF
Voltage [kV]
Busbar 1
Busbar 2
Incoming Feeder 1
Incoming Feeder 2
Outgoing Feeder 1
Outgoing Feeder 2
Coupler Panel

Current [A]
-------

----

After taking measurements, now do the following:

1.
2.
3.
4.

Circuit breaker Q43 OFF

Isolator Q41 OFF
Circuit breaker Q13 OFF
Isolator Q11 OFF

1.2.3 Single busbar operation with two incoming feed transformers: Switch ON
(e.g. connection of two different consumers on the same busbar fed by two
power sources)

Now connect:
Source 1 to Busbar 1 (BB1), and Load1 to BB1.
An additional load will be introduced to BB1, and source 1 is not sufficient to cover the total
power needed. Therefore, connect source 2 to BB1, then add the new load.
Give the correct order of your connection.
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1.2.4 Switching OFF the station

Give the correct order to switch off the station.
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2. Double busbar operation

2.1 Double busbar operation with two incoming feeders: Switch ON (e.g. connection of
several consumers supplied by two power sources; in this case, the load current is
distributed among several busbars)
Field 1: Incoming feeder 1
1. Isolator Q11 ON
2. Circuit breaker Q13 ON
Voltage [kV]

Current [A]

Busbar 1

----

Busbar 2

----

Incoming Feeder 1
Incoming Feeder 2
Outgoing Feeder 1
Outgoing Feeder 2
Coupler Panel

----

Field 3: Outgoing feeder 1

1. Isolator Q31 ON
2. Circuit breaker Q33 ON
Voltage [kV]

Current [A]

Busbar 1

----

Busbar 2

----

Incoming Feeder 1
Incoming Feeder 2
Outgoing Feeder 1
Outgoing Feeder 2
Coupler Panel

----

Field 2: Incoming feeder 2

1. Isolator Q22 ON
2. Circuit breaker Q23 ON
Voltage [kV]

Current [A]

Busbar 1

----

Busbar 2

----

Incoming Feeder 1
Incoming Feeder 2
Outgoing Feeder 1
Outgoing Feeder 2
Coupler Panel

----

Field 4: Outgoing feeder 2

1. Isolator Q42 ON
2. Circuit breaker Q43 ON
Voltage [kV]

Current [A]

Busbar 1

----

Busbar 2

----

Incoming Feeder 1
Incoming Feeder 2
Outgoing Feeder 1
Outgoing Feeder 2
Coupler Panel

----

Field 5: Coupler panel

1. Isolator Q51 ON
2. Isolator Q52 ON
3. Circuit breaker Q53 ON
Voltage [kV]

Current [A]

Busbar 1

----

Busbar 2

----

Incoming Feeder 1
Incoming Feeder 2
Outgoing Feeder 1
Outgoing Feeder 2
Coupler Panel

----

How is the total load distributed among the two incoming feed transformers?
The total load current of 840 A is distributed equally among the two incoming feed
transformers.
Incoming feeder 1 has a higher current than incoming feeder 2.
Incoming feeder 2 has a higher current than incoming feeder 1.

2.2 Double busbar operation with two incoming feeders: Switch OFF (e.g. disconnection of
several consumers whose load currents were previously distributed among two busbars)
Field 4: Outgoing feeder 2
1. Circuit breaker Q43 OFF
2. Isolator Q42 OFF
Voltage [kV]

Current [A]

Busbar 1

----

Busbar 2

----

Incoming Feeder 1
Incoming Feeder 2
Outgoing Feeder 1
Outgoing Feeder 2
Coupler Panel

----

Is the load connected to BB1 fed by:

Source 1 only.
Source 2 only.
Both Source 1 and Source 2.
Reconnect the consumers as described below:
Field 4: Outgoing feeder 2
1. Isolator Q42 ON
2. Circuit breaker Q43 ON

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2.3 Busbar change without interruption: Switchover (e.g. re-allocation of several

consumers to another busbar for the purpose of maintenance in the de-energized state
without interrupting operations)

Field 1: Incoming feeder 1

1. Isolator Q12 ON
2. Isolator Q11 OFF
Voltage [kV]

Current [A]

Busbar 1

----

Busbar 2

----

Incoming Feeder 1
Incoming Feeder 2
Outgoing Feeder 1
Outgoing Feeder 2
Coupler Panel

----

Field 3: Outgoing feeder 1

1. Isolator Q32 ON
2. Isolator Q31 OFF
Voltage [kV]

Current [A]

Busbar 1

----

Busbar 2

----

Incoming Feeder 1
Incoming Feeder 2
Outgoing Feeder 1
Outgoing Feeder 2
Coupler Panel

----

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Field 5: Coupler panel

1. Circuit Breaker Q53 OFF
2. Isolator Q51 OFF
3. Isolator Q52 OFF
Voltage [kV]

Current [A]

Busbar 1

----

Busbar 2

----

Incoming Feeder 1
Incoming Feeder 2
Outgoing Feeder 1
Outgoing Feeder 2
Coupler Panel

----

What are the advantages of changing busbars without interruption?

The change is faster.
Consumers are not disconnected from the supply.
Consumers are disconnected from the supply.
Notice that you switch on the isolator Q12 and switch off isolator Q11 even though the circuit is
energized. How does this work without damage the isolator?

We have finished maintenance. Show the sequence to reconnect the system as previous;
incoming feeder 1 supplies outgoing feeder 1 through BB1 and incoming feeder 2 supplies
outgoing feeder 2 through BB2.
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