Chapter 3

1. A boxlike rectangular stone coffin generally adorned with a sculpture or

inscription is known as a ______SARCOPHAGUS_____.
2. The broad expanse of the ____________LOWER NILE DELTA________________ (3
names) was crisscrossed by canals, allowing for easy transport of produce and
supplies.
3. Egypts continuous cultural traditionlasting over 3,000 yearsis historys
clearest example of how peace and prosperity go hand in hand with
_____CULTURAL______ stability.
4. In ancient Egypt, though not a full-fledged god, the king was ________NETJER
NEFER_____________, (2 words) literally, a junior god.
5. A ____PALETTE_______ is technically an everyday object used for grinding
pigments and making body or eye paint.
6. Egyptian writing was known as ______HIEROGLYPHS______, writing of the gods.
7. The three types of Egyptian hieroglyphs were ______PICTOGRAMS________, or
stylized drawings that represent object or beings, which can be combined to
express ideas; ______PHONOGRAMS_____, which are pictograms used to represent
sounds; and ____DETERMINATIVES______, signs used to indicate which category of
objects or beings in question.
8. The Palette of Narmer was not meant for actual use. Rather it was a
______VOTIVE______, or ritual object, a gift to a god or goddess that was placed in a
temple to ensure that the king, or perhaps some temple official would have access
to a palette throughout eternity.
9. The first great pyramid was the stepped pyramid of ____SAQQARA______.
10. A _____MASTABA______ is a trapezoidal tomb structure that derives its name
from the Arabic word for bench.
11. The key to finally deciphering hieroglyphics was the _____ROSETTA
STONE_______. (2 words)
12. One of the greatest changes of the Middle Kingdom took place in
_____LITERATURE______.
13. The modern practice of referring to all Egyptian kings as ___PHARAOH____ ,
can probably be attributed to its use in the Hebrew Bible to refer to both earlier and
later Egyptian kings.
14. The _______HYPOSTYLE HALL_______ has an interior space whose roof rests on
pillars or columns. (The word means literally under pillars, and the design allows
for the construction of large spacesas in the Great Temple of Amun at Karnak
without the need for arches.

15. The Egyptians developed a highly sophisticated multistaged, highly ritualized

process to preserve the body for the afterlife known as
______MUMMIFICATION_______.
16. A detail of a fresco from the tomb of Nebamun suggests that, in the New
Kingdom, the dead demanded not only that they be accompanied by the usual
necessities into the afterlife, but that they may be ______ENTERTAINED______ there
as well.
17. A revolutionary style of Egyptian art created by Amenhotep IV is known as the
_____AMARNA_____ Style.
18. Upon the death of Akhenaten, Tutankhaten assumed the throne and changed his
name to ____TUTANKHAMUN____ (indicating a return to the more traditional god,
in this case Amun).
19. The Tomb of Tutankhamun is the only ______ROYAL_______ tomb in Egypt to
have escaped the total pillaging of looters.
20. According to legend, the god Amun spoke to ________ALEXANDER THE
GREAT____________ (three words) through an oracle acknowledging him as his son
and therefore a legitimate ruler of Egypt.
21. The sacred _______SCARAB______, frequently an amulet of a beetle, was actually
worshipped by the Egyptians as the embodiment of the sun god Khepri.