APPLIED FUNCTION ANALYSIS

Assignment Problems Vector Spaces (Chapter-2) Date: 27th Jan 2011

1. Let
 , 
      (the set of even functions), and  
 
    (the set of odd functions). Verify that
  .

2. If      for all  
, show that   .

3. Consider the space    with inner product  defined by



                !

Given    " and    

"# $
,
%

show that  and  are orthogonal with respect to the inner

product  . Are they orthogonal with respect to  ? Verify the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality using
the inner product % .
4. Show that the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality implies
& &    &' &% ( )& &%    &' &% 

5. For a normed space
, show that

for all   
.

&**  **& ( *  *

6. Let
be a vector space with the norm **. Show that the norm is a continuous function of
into +.
7. Show that
'

**  ,-./ . 1
defines a norm.

/0

2
$

8. Show that a subset 3 in a normed space
is bounded if and only if there is a positive number 4
such that ** ( 4 for every   3.
9. Prove the parallelogram law
*  *%  *  *%  5**%  **% 

for  
where
is an inner product space.

10. If  6 7 in an inner product space
, show that

*  7*%  **%  *7*%

11. Prove

for a real inner product space.


 7  *  7*%  *  7*% 
8

9:; 7  *  7*%  *  7*% 
8

<=; 7  *  >7*%  *  >7*% 
8

12. Prove for a complex inner product space

13. Let  and  be nonzero elements in a real inner product space
. Show that
*  *  **  **

If and only if   ? for some real number @ A .

14. Show that the induced norm
satisfies the axioms of a norm.

**  B 

15. Show that in an inner product space,  6 7 if and only if we have *  ?7*  *  ?7* for all
scalars ?.
16. If
is a real inner product space, show that the relation

*  7*%  **%  *7*%

implies that  6 7. Does this hold if
is complex? Explain why or why not.

17. For any normed space , the ball with center 0 and radius C is defined by
D C 
  ** ( C

Sketch D C for the case in which  +% with norms **E for F  5 G.

18. Let ! be a metric on
. Determine all constants H such that

(i)
(ii)

H!
!H

is a metric on
.
19. Show that the discrete metric

satisfies the metric axioms.

20. Let
 +% , and define ! by


! 7  I


! 7  I

Show that ! 7 satisfies the metric axioms.

7  K
7J


7
K
&&  &7&
7J

21. Find a sequence  which is in L E with F A but  M L .

22. If N is the subspace of L O consisting of all sequences of zeros and ones, what is the induced metric
on N?
23. The diameter PN of a nonempty set N in a metric space 
 ! is defined to be
PN  QRS ! 7
#TU

The set N is said to be bounded if PN V G. Show that PN   if and only if N consists of a single
point.
24. If 
 ! is any metric space, show that another metric on
is defined by

and
is bounded in the metric !W .

!W 7 

! 7
  ! 7

25. Show that the nonnegativity of a metric follows from the remaining axioms.
26. Show that ! 7  B&  7& defines a metric on the set of all real numbers.

27. Using the triangle inequality, show that

&! X  !7 X& ( ! 7