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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

CHAPTER

1.1
BASIC CONCEPTS

1. A solid copper sphere, 10 cm in diameter is deprived


of 10

20

electrons by a charging scheme. The charge on

the sphere is
(A) 160.2 C

(B) -160.2 C

(C) 16.02 C

(D) -16.02 C

(A) 1 A

(B) 2 A

(C) 3 A

(D) 4 A

6. In the circuit of fig P1.1.6 a charge of 600 C is


delivered to the 100 V source in a 1 minute. The value
of v1 must be
v1

2. A lightning bolt carrying 15,000 A lasts for 100 ms. If


the lightning strikes an airplane flying at 2 km, the
charge deposited on the plane is
(A) 13.33 mC

(B) 75 C

(C) 1500 mC

(D) 1.5 C

60 V

20 W

100 V

3. If 120 C of charge passes through an electric

Fig. P.1.1.6

conductor in 60 sec, the current in the conductor is


(A) 0.5 A

(B) 2 A

(C) 3.33 mA

(D) 0.3 mA

(A) 240 V

(B) 120 V

(C) 60 V

(D) 30 V

4. The energy required to move 120 coulomb through


7. In the circuit of the fig P1.1.7, the value of the

3 V is
(B) 360 J

(C) 40 J

(D) 2.78 mJ

voltage source E is
0V
+

(A) 25 mJ

2V

5. i = ?

5V

4V

1A

1V

10 V

2A

5A

Fig. P.1.1.7
3A

4A

Fig. P.1.1.5

(A) -16 V

(b) 4 V

(C) -6 V

(D) 16 V

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3

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

8. Consider the circuit graph shown in fig. P1.1.8. Each

Networks

12. v1 = ?

branch of circuit graph represent a circuit element. The

v1

value of voltage v1 is

1 kW

7V

+ 105 V

15 V +

55 V
+ v1

8V

35 V

5V

6V

kW

100 V

10 V +
+

65 V

kW

30

30

4 kW

Fig. P1.1.12
Fig. P.1.1.8

(A) -30 V

(B) 25 V

(C) -20 V

(D) 15 V

9. For the circuit shown in fig P.1.1.9 the value of

(A) -11 V

(B) 5 V

(C) 8 V

(D) 18 V

13. The voltage vo in fig. P1.1.11 is always equal to


1A

voltage vo is
5W
+
vo

4W

+
vo

1A

15 V

5V

Fig. P1.1.11

Fig. P.1.1.9

(A) 10 V

(B) 15 V

(C) 20 V

(D) None of the above

(A) 1 V

(B) 5 V

(C) 9 V

(D) None of the above

14. Req = ?
5W

10 W

10 W

10 W

10. R1 = ?
60 W

Req

10 W

10 W

10 W

up to

R1
100 V
R2

+
20 V

70 V

Fig. P1.1.14

Fig. P.1.1.10

(A) 11.86 W

(B) 10 W

(C) 25 W

(D) 11.18 W

15. vs = ?
(A) 25 W

(B) 50 W

(C) 100 W

(D) 2000 W

180 W
+
60 W

11. Twelve 6 W resistor are used as edge to form a cube.

vs

The resistance between two diagonally opposite corner


of the cube is
5
(A) W
6
(C) 5 W

Page
4

(B)

90 W

6
W
5

(D) 6 W

40 W

20 V

Fig. P.1.1.15

(A) 320 V

(B) 280 V

(C) 240 V

(D) 200 V

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180 W

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

24. Let i( t) = 3te-100 t A and v( t) = 0.6(0.01 - t) e -100 t V for

Networks

28. vab = ?

the network of fig. P.1.1.24. The power being absorbed

2
8

b
0.3i1

A
2

0.2i1

i1

i
v

by the network element at t = 5 ms is

Fig. P.1.1.24

(A) 18.4 mW

(B) 9.2 mW

(C) 16.6 mW

(D) 8.3 mW

Fig. P.1.1.28

25. In the circuit of fig. P.1.1.25 bulb A uses 36 W when


lit, bulb B uses 24 W when lit, and bulb C uses 14.4 W

(A) 15.4 V

(B) 2.6 V

(C) -2.6 V

(D) 15.4 V

29. In the circuit of fig. P.1.1.29 power is delivered by

when lit. The additional A bulbs in parallel to this

500 W

circuit, that would be required to blow the fuse is

400 W

ix

20 A

200 W

2ix

40 V
12 V
C

Fig. P.1.1.29

(A) dependent source of 192 W

Fig. P.1.1.25

(A) 4

(B) 5

(B) dependent source of 368 W

(C) 6

(D) 7

(C) independent source of 16 W

26. In the circuit of fig. P.1.1.26, the power absorbed by

(D) independent source of 40 W

the load RL is

30. The dependent source in fig. P.1.1.30

i1

5W
RL = 2 W

2i1

1W

1V

v1

20 V

v1
5

5W

Fig. P.1.1.26

(A) 2 W

(B) 4 W

(C) 6 W

(D) 8 W

Fig. P.1.1.30

27. vo = ?

(A) delivers 80 W

(B) delivers 40 W

(C) absorbs 40 W

(D) absorbs 80 W

31. In the circuit of fig. P.1.1.31 dependent source


0.2 A

5W

+
v1 0.3v1

8W

+
v2

5v2

18 W

+
vo

+ 8V
ix

Page
6

(A) 6 V

(B) -6 V

(C) -12 V

(D) 12 V

2ix

4A

Fig. P.1.1.27

Fig. P.1.1.31

(A) supplies 16 W

(B) absorbs 16 W

(C) supplies 32 W

(D) absorbs 32 W

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Basic Concepts

Chap 1.1

32. A capacitor is charged by a constant current of 2 mA

36. The waveform for the current in a 200 mF capacitor

and results in a voltage increase of 12 V in a 10 sec

is shown in fig. P.1.1.36 The waveform for the capacitor

interval. The value of capacitance is

voltage is

(A) 0.75 mF

(B) 1.33 mF

(C) 0.6 mF

(D) 1.67 mF

i(mA)
5

33. The energy required to charge a 10 mF capacitor to


100 V is

Fig. P. 1.1.36

(A) 0.10 J
(C) 5 10

t(ms)

(B) 0.05 J

-9

(D) 10 10

-9

v
50m

34. The current in a 100 mF capacitor is shown in fig.

t(ms)

P.1.1.34. If capacitor is initially uncharged, then the

(A)

(B)

waveform for the voltage across it is

t(ms)

v
50m

250m

i(mA)
t(ms)

(C)

t(ms)

t(ms)

(D)

Fig. P. 1.1.34
v

37. Ceq = ?

v
10

10

t(ms)

(A)

2.5 mF

t(ms)
1.5 mF

(B)

1 mF

Ceq

0.2

0.2
t(ms)

(C)

2 mF

t(ms)

(D)
Fig. P.1.1.37

35. The voltage across a 100 mF capacitor is shown in


fig. P.1.1.35. The waveform for the current in the

(A) 3.5 mF

(B) 1.2 mF

capacitor is

(C) 2.4 mF

(D) 2.6 mF

v
6

38. In the circuit shown in fig. P.1.1.38


1

t(ms)

iin ( t) = 300 sin 20 t mA, for t 0.

Fig. P.1.1.35
i(mA)
6

C2

C2

C2

C2

i(mA)
600

vin C1

iin
1

t(ms)

C1

C1

C1

60 mF

t(ms)

(A)

(B)

i(mA)
6

Fig. P. 1.1.38

i(mA)
600
2
1

(C)

t(ms)

2
1

t(ms)

Let C1 = 40 mF and C2 = 30 mF. All capacitors are


initially uncharged. The vin ( t) would be

(D)

(A) -0.25cos 20t V

(B) 0.25cos 20t V

(C) -36cos 20t mV

(D) 36cos 20t mV

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Basic Concepts

Chap 1.1

v3 - 30 = v2

SOLUTIONS

v3 = 65 V

105 + v4 - v3 - 65 = 0

v4 = 25 V

v4 + 15 - 55 + v1 = 0 v1 = 15 V

1. (C) n = 10 20 , Q = ne = e10 20 = 16.02 C


Charge on sphere will be positive.

9. (B) Voltage is constant because of 15 V source.

2. (D) DQ = i D t = 15000 100m = 15


. C

10. (C) Voltage across 60 W resistor = 30 V


30
Current =
= 0.5 A
60

3. (B) i =

dQ 120
=
=2 A
dt
60

4. (B) W = Qv = 360 J

Voltage across R1 is = 70 - 20 = 50 V
50
= 100 W
R1 =
0.5

6. (A)

11. (C) The current i will be distributed in the cube


branches symmetrically
1A

i=1A

5A

2A
3A

4A

i
3

i
i
3

6A

1A

i
3

2A

i
6

Fig. S 1.1.5

6. (A) In order for 600 C charge to be delivered to the


100 V source, the current must be anticlockwise.
dQ 600
i=
=
= 10 A
dt
60
Applying KVL we get

0V

Fig. S. 1.1.11

1V

12. (C) If we go from +side of 1 kW through 7 V, 6 V and


5 V, we get v1 = 7 + 6 - 5 = 8 V

13. (D) It is not possible to determine the voltage across

5V

1 A source.

10 V

Fig. S 1.1.7

14. (D) Req = 5 +

10 + 5 + E + 1 = 0 or E = -16 V
8. (D) 100 = 65 + v2

v2 = 35 V

+ 105 V

30
+

Req

Fig. S 1.1.14

10 W

v2

Req

55 V
+ v1

5W

10 V +

30

+ v3

10 + 5 + Req
5W

v4

10 ( Req + 5)

15 V +

65 V
100 V

6i 6i 6i
+
+
= 5 i,
3
6
3
v
Req = ab = 5 W
i

7. (A) Going from 10 V to 0 V

4V

vab =

v1 + 60 - 100 = 10 20 or v1 = 240 V

2V

i
3

Req2 + 15 Req = 5 Req + 75 + 10 Req + 50


Fig. S 1.1.8

Req = 125 = 1118


. W

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Basic Concepts

vo - 20 vo 20
+
=
5
5
5
Power is P = vo

We can say Cd = 20 mF, Ceq = 20 + 40 = 60 mF


1
1 300

cos 20 t 10 -3 = - 0.25 cos 20 t V


vC = idt=
60m 20
C

vo = 20 V

20
v1
= 20
= 80 W
5
5

39. (C) iC1 =

31. (D) Power P = vi = 2 ix ix = 2 ix2


ix = 4 A, P = 32 W (absorb)
32. (D) vt 2 - vt1 =

1
C

t2

idt

iin C1
= 0.8 sin 600 t mA
C1 + C2

At t = 2 ms, iC1 = 0.75 mA

12 =

t1

12 C = 2m 10

Chap 1.1

1
2m ( t2 - t1 )
C

40. (B) vC1 =

4 vin
vin C2
=
C1 + C2 6 + 4

vc1
= 0.4
vin

C = 1.67 mF
41. (D) V = 2 + 3 + 5 = 10, Q = 1 C, C =

1
33. (B) E = Cv 2 = 5 10 -6 100 2 = 0.05 J
2

42. (A) vL = L

di

dt

This 0.2 V increases linearly from 0 to 0.2 V. Then

43. (B) vL = L

di
= 0.01 2( 377 cos 377 t) V
dt

current is zero. So capacitor hold this voltage.

= 7.54 cos 377 t V

1
34. (D) vc =
c

35. (D) i = C

-3

10 10
-3
0 idt = 100 10 -6 (2 10 ) = 0.2 V

2m

dv
dt

For 0 < t < 1 , C

dv
6 -0
= 100 10 -6
= 600 mA
dt
10 -3 - 0

1
1
12000
120 cos 3t dt =
vdt =
sin 377 t
0.01
L
377
12000 120
P = vi =
(sin 377 t)(cos 377 t)
377

45. (D) vL = L

1
1
idt =

200 10 -6
C

5m

4m tdt = 3125 t

vC = 3vL

iC = 3 LC

46. (B) vL = L

It will be parabolic path. at t = 0 t-axis will be tangent.

combination
is
in
series
with
1.5
mF.
15
. (2 + 1)
= 1mF, C1 is in parallel with 2.5 mF
C1 =
15
. +2+1
. mF
Ceq = 1 + 2.5 = 35

diL
dt
-100 - 0
vL = (0.05)
= - 2.5 V
2

For 4 < t 8,

100 + 100
vL = (0.05)
= 2.5 V
4

For 8 < t 10,

0 - 100
vL = (0.05)
= - 2.5 V
2

Thus (B) is correct option.

30 60
30(20 + 40)
38. (A) Ca =
= 20 mF, Cb =
= 20 mF
30 + 60
30 + 20 + 0
C2

Cc

C2

Cb

C2

Ca

47. (C) Algebraic sum of the current entering or leaving


a cutset is equal to 0.
6 16
i2 + i4 + i3 = 0

+
+ i3 = 0
2
4

C2

i3 = - 7 A,
C1

d 2 iL
= - 9.6 sin 4 t A
dt

For 2 < t 4,

37. (A) 2 mF is in parallel with 1 mF and this

vin

diL
dv
, iC = C C
dt
dt

At t = 4 ms, vc = 0.05 V

iin

L = 2 mH

= 1910 sin 754 t W

36. (B) For 0 t 4,

Cd

44. (A) i =

For 1 ms < t < 2 ms,


dv
0-6
C
= 100 10 -6
= - 600 mA
( 3 - 2)m
dt

vC =

100m = L

200m
4m

Q
= 0.1 F
V

C1

C1

C1

v3 = - 7 3 = - 21 V

60 mF

Fig. S 1.1.38

*********

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

CHAPTER

1.2
GRAPH THEORY

1. Consider the following circuits :

Non-planner graphs are


(A) 1 and 3

(B) 4 only

(C) 3 only

(D) 3 and 4

3. A graph of an electrical network has 4 nodes and 7


branches. The number of links l, with respect to the
(1)

(2)

chosen tree, would be


(A) 2

(B) 3

(C) 4

(D) 5

4. For the graph shown in fig. P.1.1.4 correct set is

(3)

(4)
Fig. P.1.1.4

The planner circuits are


(A) 1 and 2

(B) 2 and 3

(C) 3 and 4

(D) 4 and 1

2. Consider the following graphs

Node

Branch

Twigs

Link

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

5. A tree of the graph shown in fig. P.1.2.5 is


c

(1)

(2)

3
g

Fig. P.1.2.5

(3)
Page
12

(4)

(A) a d e h

(B) a c f h

(C) a f h g

(D) a e f g

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

1 -1 0
(A) -1 0
1

1 -1
0
-1 -1 0
(C) 0
1 1

1 0 -1

1 0 -1
(B) -1 -1 0

1 1
0
1
-1 0

(D) 0
1 -1

1 -1 0

13. The incidence matrix of a graph is as given below

(C)

-1 1 1 0 0 0
0 0 -1 1 1 0

A =
0 -1 0 -1 0 -1
1 0 0 0 -1 -1

(D)

15. The incidence matrix of a graph is as given below


-1 1 1 0 0 0
0 0 -1 1 1 0

A =
0 -1 0 -1 0 0
1 0 0 0 -1 -1

The graph is
2

Networks

The graph is
4

4
3

(A)

(B)

(A)
4

(B)

4
3

(C)

(D)

14. The incidence matrix of a graph is as given below


- 1 0 0 - 1 1 0 0
0 0 0
1 0
1 1

A = 0 0
1 0 0 0 -1
0
1 0 0 -1 -1 0

1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0

(C)

(D)

16. The graph of a network is shown in fig. P.1.1.16. The


number of possible tree are

The graph is
2

Fig. P.1.1.16

(A)
Page
14

(A) 8

(B) 12

(C) 16

(D) 20

(B)
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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

Networks

22. The fundamental cut-set matrix of a graph is


1 -1 0 0 0
0 -1 1 0
1
QF =
0
0
0
0
1

0 0 0 1 -1

0
0

1
0

The oriented graph of the network is

(C)

24. A graph is shown in fig. P.1.2.24 in which twigs are

solid line and links are dotted line. For this tree

fundamental loop matrix is given as below


1 1 1 0
BF =

1 0 1 1

(A)

(D)

(B)

5
6

Fig. P.1.2.24

(C)

(D)

The oriented graph will be

23. A graph is shown in fig. P.1.2.23 in which twigs are


solid line and links are dotted line. For this chosen tree
fundamental set matrix is given below.
1 1
BF = 0 -1

0 0

0
1
0

0
1
1

1
0
1

0
0

(A)

(B)

3
2

(C)

Fig. P. 1.2.23

The oriented graph will be

(D)

25. Consider the graph shown in fig. P.1.2.25 in which


twigs are solid line and links are dotted line.

(A)

(B)

Fig. P. 1.2.25

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16

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Graph Theory

A fundamental loop matrix for this tree is given as


below
1
BF = 0

0
1
0

1
0 -1 -1 0

1 0
1 -1
0

1
0
(D)
0
-1

Chap 1.2

1 -1

0
0

1
0

1
1

0
1

1
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
1

27. Branch current and loop current relation are

The oriented graph will be

expressed in matrix form as

(A)

i1 0
i 0
2
i3 1
i -1
4 =
i5 1
i 0
6

i
7 0
i8 0

(B)

1 -1
0 -1
0 0
1

0
1

0
0

0
0

1
0

0
1

-1 I1
0 I 2

0 I 3
0 I 4

0
1

where i j represent branch current and I k loop


current. The number of independent node equation are

(C)

(D)

(A) 4

(B) 5

(C) 6

(D) 7

28. If the number of branch in a network is b, the

26. In the graph shown in fig. P.1.2.26 solid lines are


twigs and dotted line are link. The fundamental loop

number of nodes is n and the number of dependent loop


is l, then the number of independent node equations
will be

matrix is
i
c

(A) n + l - 1

(B) b - 1

(C) b - n + 1

(D) n - 1

Statement for Q.2930:


h

Branch current and loop current relation are

expressed in matrix form as


1 0
i1 0 0
i -1 -1 -1 0
2

1 0 0 I1
i3 0
i 1 0 0 0 I
4 =
2
i
0
0
1
1
5
I 3
i 1 1 0 -1 I
4
6

i7 1 0 0 0
i8 0 0 0
1

Fig. P.1.2.26

1
0
(A)
0
-1

-1 1 0 0
0 -1 -1 -1
(B)
0 0 0 -1
1 0
1 0

(C)

1
0
0
1

0
0
1
0

0
1
0
0

1
0
0
0

0
0

0
1

0 0
0 0
1 -1

0
1
0

1
0
0

1 0 0 0
1 -1 -1 0
0 0
1 -1
0 -1 0 -1

1
1
0
0

0
1
0
1

0
0

0
1

0 0
1 0
1 -1
0 -1

0
0
1
0

0 -1
1 0
0 0
0 0

0
0

0
1

where i j represent branch current and I k loop


current.
29. The rank of incidence matrix is
(A) 4

(B) 5

(C) 6

(D) 8

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

30. The directed graph will be

Networks

33. The oriented graph for this network is

8
5

6
5

(C)
2

4
1

(D)

(C)

************

(D)

31. A network has 8 nodes and 5 independent loops.


The number of branches in the network is
(A) 11

(B) 12

(C) 8

(D) 6

32. A branch has 6 node and 9 branch. The independent


loops are
(A) 3

(B) 4

(C) 5

(D) 6

Statement for Q.3334:


For a network branch voltage and node voltage
relation are expressed in matrix form as follows:
1
v1 1 0 0
v 0
1 0 0
2

1 0 V1
v3 0 0
v 0 0 0
1 V2
4 =

v5 1 -1 0 0 V3
v 0
1 -1 0 V4
6

1 -1
v7 0 0
v8 1 0 -1 0
where vi is the branch voltage and Vk is the node
voltage with respect to datum node.
33. The independent mesh equation for this network
are
(A) 4

(B) 5

(C) 6

(D 7

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18

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Graph Theory

Chap 1.2

7. (D) D is not a tree

SOLUTIONS
1. (A) The circuit 1 and 2 are redrawn as below. 3 and 4 can
not be redrawn on a plane without crossing other branch.

(A)
(1)

(B)

(2)
Fig. S1.2.1

2. (B) Other three circuits can be drawn on plane


without crossing

(C)
(1)

(D)

(2)

Fig. S .1.2.7

8. (D) it is obvious from the following figure that 1, 3,


and 4 are tree
2

(3)
a

Fig. S1.2.1

3. (C) l = b - ( n - 1) = 4.

(1)
2

a
c

1
g

(2)

5. (C) From fig. it can be seen that a f h g is a tree of

l=b-n+1=3

given graph

3
e

4. (B) There are 4 node and 6 branches.


t = n - 1 = 3,

3
e

b
3
e

f
4

(3)

Fig. S 1.2.5

(4)
2

6. (B) From fig. it can be seen that a d f is a tree.


c
b

a
e

b
c

f
4

(5)
Fig. S. 1.2.6

Fig. S. 1.2.8

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Page
19

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

So independent mesh equation =Number of link.

i
l1

34. (D) We know that [ vb ] = ArT [ Vn ]

So reduced
1 0
0 1
Ar =
0 0
0 0

l4

l2
h

l3

Networks

Fig. S 1.2.26

incidence matrix is
0 0
1 0 0
1
0 0 -1 1 0 0

1 0 0 -1 1 -1
0 1 0 0 -1 0

At node-1, three branch leaves so the only option is (D).

This in similar to matrix in (A). Only place of rows has


been changed.
27. (A) Number of branch =8

***********

Number of link =4
Number of twigs =8 - 4 = 4
Number of twigs =number of independent node
equation.
28. (D) The number of independent node equation are
n - 1.
29. (A) Number of branch b = 8
Number of link l = 4
Number of twigs t = b - l = 4
rank of matrix = n - 1 = t = 4
30. (B) We know the branch current and loop current
are related as
[ ib ] = [ B T ] [ I L ]
So fundamental loop matrix is
1 1 0
0 -1 0 1 0
0 -1 1 0 0
1 0 0

Bf =
1 -1 0 0 -1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 -1 -1 0 1

f-loop 1 include branch (2, 4, 6, 7) and direction of


branch2 is opposite to other (B only).
31. (B) Independent loops =link
l = b - ( n - 1)

5 = b - 7, b = 12

32. (B) Independent loop =link


l = b - ( n - 1) = 4
33. (A) There are 8 branches and 4 + 1 = 5 node
Number of link = 8 - 5 + 1 = 4
Page
22

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

CHAPTER

1.3
METHODS OF ANALYSIS

1. v1 = ?

6R

6R

4vs

+
v1

(B) -120 V
(D) -90 V

(A) 120 V
(C) 90 V

3R

vs

4. va = ?

10 W
4W

12 V

10 V

Fig. P1.3.1

(A) 0.4vs

(B) 1.5vs

(C) 0.67vs

(D) 2.5vs

va
4A

1W

2. va = ?

2W

Fig. P1.3.4

3A

(A) 4.33 V
(C) 8.67 V
2W

5. v2 = ?

va

3W

(B) 4.09 V
(D) 8.18 V

20 W

1A

+
30 W

60 W

v2
10 V

0.5 A

30 W

Fig. P1.3.2

(A) -11 V

(B) 11 V

(C) 3 V

(D) -3 V

Fig. P1.3.5

(A) 0.5 V
(C) 1.5 V

3. v1 = ?
10 W

6. ib = ?

30 V

3A

(B) 1.0 V
(D) 2.0 V

64 W

30 W

37 W
ib

20 W

0.5 A

10 V

60 W

69 W

36 W

v1
+

9A

6A

60 W

Fig. P1.3.6

Fig. P1.3.3

(A) 0.6 A
(C) 0.4 A
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(B) 0.5 A
(D) 0.3 A
Page
23

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

7. i1 = ?
6A

8W

(A) 20 mA

(B) 15 mA

(C) 10 mA

(D) 5 mA

11. i1 = ?

2W

i1

Networks

50 W

10 W
5W

3W

4W

75 V

100 W
i1

6.6 V

Fig. P1.3.7

(A) 3.3 A

(B) 2.1 A

(C) 1.7 A

(D) 1.1 A

0.1 A

40 W

0.06 A

60W

8. i1 = ?
0.1A
i2

90 kW
7.5mA

i1

10 kW

Fig. P1.3.11

10 kW

75 V

(A) 0.01 A

(B) -0.01 A

(C) 0.03 A

(D) 0.02 A

90 kW

12. The value of the current measured by the ammeter


in Fig. P1.3.12 is

Fig. P1.3.8

(A) 1 mA

(B) 1.5 mA

(C) 2 mA

(D) 2.5 mA

2A

Ammeter

4W

7W

9. i1 = ?
2A

6W

3A
5W

3V

4W

2W

Fig. P1.3.12
3W

4A

2W
i1

(B) 3 A

(C) 6 A

(D) 5 A

2
A
3

(C) -

Fig. P1.3.9

(A) 4 A

(A)

5
A
6

(B)

5
A
3

(D)

2
A
9

13. i1 = ?
200 W

10. i1 = ?
2 kW

45 V

i1

40 mA

500 W

Fig. P1.3.10

Page
24

15 mA

100 W

50 W

i1

Fig. 1.3.13

(A) 10 mA

(B) -10 mA

(C) 0.4 mA

(D) -0.4 mA

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10 mA

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Methods of Analysis

Chap 1.3
5W

8W

4W

14. The values of node voltage are va = 12 V, vb = 9.88 V


and vc = 5.29 V. The power supplied by the voltage

i1

12 V

source is

2W

i3

2W

i2

20 V

8V
6W

va

4W

3W

vb

12 V

1A

vc

Fig. 1.3.17

0 i1 12
4 -2
(A) -2
8 -2 i2 = -8


5 i3 20
0 -2

2W

-2
0 i1 12
6
(B) 2 -12
2 i2 = 8


2 -7 i3 20
0

Fig. 1.3.14

(A) 19.8 W

(B) 27.3 W

(C) 46.9 W

(D) 54.6 W

0 i1 12
6 -2
(C) -2 12 -2 i2 = 8


7 i3 20
0 -2

15. i1 , i2 , i3 = ?
2W

3W

15 V

9W

i1

6W

i2

0 i1 12
4 -2

(D) 2 -8
2 i2 = 8


2 -5 i3 20
0
18. For the circuit shown in Fig. P1.3.18 the mesh

21 V

i3

equation are
6 kW

Fig. P1.3.15
6 kW

(A) 3 A, 2 A, and 4 A

(B) 3 A, 3 A, and 8 A

(C) 1 A, 3 A, and 4 A

(D) 1 A, 2 A, and 8 A

i3

6 kW

i1
6V

i2
5 mA

6 kW

16. vo = ?
Fig. 1.3.18
4 mA

2 kW

2 mA

6 k -12 k -12 k i1
-6

(A) -6 k
6 k -18 k i2 = 0



-1k
0 k i3
-1k
5

1 kW

1 kW

+
1 kW

2 kW

1 mA

vo

6 k 12 k -12 k i1
-6
(B) -6 k -6 k
18 k i2 = 0



1k
0 k i3
-1k
5

Fig. P1.3.16

(A)

6
V
5

(B)

8
V
5

(C)

6
V
7

(D)

5
V
7

-6 k -12 k 12 k i1
-6
(C) 6 k
-6 k 18 k i2 = 0



1k 0 k i3
1k
5

17. The mesh current equation for the circuit in Fig.


P1.3.17 are

-6 k 12 k -12 k i1
-6
(D) -6 k 6 k -18 k i2 = 0



1k
0 k i3
-1k
5

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Page
25

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Methods of Analysis

R1

i3

R2

Chap 1.3

(A) 66.67 mA

(B) 46.24 mA

(C) 23.12 mA

(D) 33.33 mA

R3

29. va = ?

i1

R4

i2

10 W

v2

v1
25i2

4A

50 W

va

40 W

Fig. P1.3.25
200 W

10 A

The value of R4 is
(A) 40

(B) 15

(C) 5

(D) 20

2.5 kW
10 kW

20 V

10 kW

(A) 342 V

(B) 171 V

(C) 198 V

(D) 396 V

30. ia = ?

va

5 kW

20 A

Fig. P1.3.29

26. va = ?

10 kW

20 W

100 W

5A

50 W

150 W

4 mA

225 W

100 W

200 W

ia

Fig. P1.3.26

2V

(A) 26 V

(B) 19 V

(C) 13 V

(D) 18 V

75 W

2A

50 W

(A) 14 mA

(B) -6.5 mA

(C) 7 mA

(D) -21 mA

31. v2 = ?

20 W

8V

Fig. P1.3.30

27. v = ?

10 W

4V

50 W
v2 +

4A

100 W

10 V

15 W

0.04v2

5W

Fig. P.3.1.27

Fig. P1.3.31

(A) 60 V

(B) -60 V

(A) 5 V

(B) 75 V

(C) 30 V

(D) -30 V

(C) 3 V

(D) 10 V

32. i1 = ?

28. i1 = ?

2W

300 W

40 V

i1

500 W

8V

0.4i1

0.5i1

4A

4W

6V

i1

Fig. P1.3.32

Fig. P1.3.28

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27

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

(A) -1.636 A

(B) -3.273 A

(C) -2.314 A

(D) -4.628 A

Networks

37. va = ?
0.8va

16 A

33. vx = ?

+
100 W

1.6 A

2.5 W

5W

10 A

vx

50 W

0.02vx

2W

va

Fig. P1.3.37
Fig. P1.3.33

(A) 32 V

(B) -32 V

(C) 12 V

(D) -12 V

(A) 25.91 V

(B) -25.91 V

(C) 51.82 V

(D) -51.82 V

38. For the circuit of Fig. P1.3.38 the value of vs , that

34. ib = ?

will result in v1 = 0, is
1 kW

va

3A

3 kW

2A

ib

0.1v1
6V

4va

2 kW

10 W

20 W
+

vs

40 W

Fig. P1.3.34

(A) 4 mA

(B) -4 mA

(C) 12 mA

(D) -12 mA

4 kW

vb

(A) 28 V

(B) -28 V

(C) 14 V

(D) -14 V

39. i1 , i2 = ?

2ix

4W
2V

48 V

Fig. P1.3.38

35. vb = ?
ia

v1

2W

5ia

2 kW

ix
15 V

6W

i1

i2

18 V

Fig. P1.3.35

(A) 1 V

(B) 1.5 V

(C) 4 V

(D) 6 V

Fig. P1.3.39

36. vx = ?

(A) 2.6 A, 1.4 A

(B) 2.6 A, -1.4 A

(C) 1.6 A, 1.35 A

(D) 1.2 A, -1.35 A

40. v1 = ?

50 W

3W

iy
+
2A

100 W

25iy

50 W

vx

+
vy

0.2vx

3W

2A
6W

14 V
+
v1

Fig. P1.3.36

Page
28

(A) -3 V

(B) 3 V

(C) 10 V

(D) -10 V

7A

Fig. P1.3.40

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2W

2vy

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Methods of Analysis

(A) 10 V

(B) -10 V

(C) 7 V

(D) -7 V

SOLUTIONS
1. (B) Applying the nodal analysis
v
4 vs
+ s
R
R
6
3
v1 =
= 15
. vs
1
1
1
+
+
6 R 3R 6 R

41. vx = ?
vx +

500 W

0.5vx

500 W
900 W

600 W

0.6 A

Chap 1.3

2. (C) va = 2( 3 + 1) + 3 (1) = 11 V

0.3 A

3. (D) -

v1
-v
+ 1 + 6 =9
60 60

v1 = - 90 V

Fig. P1.3.41

(A) 9 V

(B) -9 V

(C) 10 V

(D) -10 V

42. The power being dissipated in the 2 W resistor in the

4. (C)

va - 10 va
+
=4
4
2

5. (D)

v2 v2 + 10
+
= 0.5
20
30

va = 8.67 V

v2 = 2 V

circuit of Fig. P1.3.42 is


5W

6. (B) Using Thevenin equivalent and source transform

ia

3W

8W
3

2W

i1

2W

10 W

va

60 V

2A
2.5 A

4W

6ia

3W

25 V

30 V

Fig. P1.3.42

Fig. S.1.3.6

(A) 76.4 W

(B) 305.6 W

(C) 52.5 W

(D) 210.0 W

43. i1 = ?
500 W
+ vx
100 W

180 V
400 W

5W

25
60
+
+ 2 15
va =
= 15.23 V
3
1
1
+ +
14 3 15
25 - 15.23
= 2.09 A
i1 =
14
3
8
3

0.6 A

+
vy

7. (A) ib =
0.001vy

100 W

10
+ 0.5 = 0.6 A
64 + 36

8. (B) 75 = 90 ki1 + 10 k( i1 - 7.5m)


150 = 100 ki1

i1 = 15
. mA

9. (B) 3 = 2 i1 + 3( i1 - 4)

0.005vy

i1 = 3 A

Fig. P1.3.43

10. (B) 45 = 2 ki1 + 500 ( i1 + 15m)


(A) 0.12 A

(B) 0.24 A

(C) 0.36 A

(D) 0.48 A

i1 = 15 mA

11. (D)
6.6 = 50 i1 + 100( i1 + 0.1) + 40( i1 - 0.06) + 60( i1 - 0.1)

*****************

i1 = 0.02 A
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29

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

38. (D) If v1 = 0, the dependent source is a short circuit


v1
v - vs v1 - 48
+ 1
+
=2 - 3
40
10
20
48
v
- s = - 1 vs = - 14 V
10 20
3A

v1 = 0

ia =

Networks

30 + 7.5 + 2
= 329
. A
12

6 ia = 19.75 V

voltage across 2 W resistor


30 - 19.75 = 10.25 V,
P=

2A

(10.25) 2
= 52.53 W
2

43. (A) vx = 500 i1


10 W
40 W

vs

v y = 400( i1 - 0.001vx ) = 400 ( i1 - 0.5 i1 ) = 200 i1

20 W
+
v1

180 = 500 i1 + 100( i1 - 0.6) + 200 i1 + 100( i1 + 0.005 v y)

48 V

180 = 900 i1 - 60 + 100 0.005 200 i1


i1 = 0.12 A

Fig. S1.3.38
************

39. (D) ix = i1 - i2
15 = 4 i1 - 2( i1 - i2 ) + 6( i1 - i2 )
8 i1 - 4 i2 = 15

K(i)

-18 = 2 i2 + 6( i2 - i1 )
3i1 - 4 i2 = 9

K(ii)

. A, i2 = -1.35 A
i1 = 12
40. (B) 14 = 3i1 + v y + 6( i1 - 2 - 7) + 2 v y + 2( i1 - 7)
v y = 3( i1 - 2)
14 = 3i1 + 9( i1 - 2) + 6( i1 - 9) + 2( i1 - 7)
14 = 20 i1 - 18 - 54 - 14

i1 = 5 A

v1 = 6(5 - 2 - 7) + 2 3(5 - 2) + 2(5 - 7) = -10 V


3W
+
vy

3W

2A
6W

14 V

i1

+
v1

2vy

7A

2W

Fig. S1.3.40

41. (D) Let i1 and i2 be two loop current


0.5 vx = 500 i1 + 500( i1 - i2 ),
vx = -500 i1

5 i1 - 2 i2 = 0

K(i)

500( i2 - i1 ) + 900( i2 + 0.3) + 600( i2 - 0.6) = 0


-5 i1 + 20 i2 = 0.9

K(ii)

i1 = 20 mA, vx = -500 20m = -10 V


42. (C) 30 = 5 ia + 3( ia - 2.5) + 4( ia - 2.5 + 2)

Page
32

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

CHAPTER

1.4
NETWORKS THEOREM

1. vTH , RTH = ?

3W

4. A simple equivalent circuit of the 2 terminal network

2W

6W

6V

shown in fig. P1.4.4 is

vTH, RTH

Fig. P.1.4.1

(A) 2 V, 4 W

(B) 4 V, 4 W

(C) 4 V, 5 W

(D) 2 V, 5 W

2. i N , R N = ?

2W

Fig. P.1.4.4

2W

R
v

4W

15 V

iN, RN

(A)

(B)

Fig. P.1.4.2

10
W
3

(A) 3 A,

(B) 10 A, 4 W

(C) 1,5 A, 6 W

2W

3W

i
i

(D) 1.5 A, 4 W

3. vTH , RTH = ?

2A

R
R

(C)

(D)

5. i N , R N = ?
1W

2W

vTH, RTH
6A

4W

3W

iN RN

Fig. P.1.4.3

(A) -2 V,

6
W
5

5
(C) 1 V,
W
6

(B) 2 V,

5
W
6

6
(D) -1 V,
W
5

Fig. P.1.4.5

(A) 4 A, 3 W

(B) 2 A, 6 W

(C) 2 A, 9 W

(D) 4 A, 2 W

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

6. vTH , RTH = ?

Networks

The value of the parameter are


25 W

30 W
20 W

vTH, RTH

5V
5A

vTH

RTH

iN

RN

(A)

4 V

2 W

2 A

2 W

(B)

4 V

2 W

2 A

3 W

(C)

8 V

1.2 W

30
3

1.2 W

8 V

5 W

8
5

5 W

(D)
Fig. P.1.4.6

10. v1 = ?
(A) -100 V, 75 W

(B) 155 V, 55 W

(C) 155 V, 37 W

(D) 145 V, 75 W

2W

3W

1W

6W

2W

8V

7. RTH = ?

1W

+
v1

6W

18 V

6W

Fig. P.1.4.10

6W

2A

RTH
5V

Fig. P.1.4.7

(A) 6 V

(B) 7 V

(C) 8 V

(D) 10 V

11. i1 = ?

(A) 3 W

(B) 12 W

(C) 6 W

(D)

4 kW

8. The Thevenin impedance across the terminals ab of

12 V

i1

20 V

4 kW

6 kW

24 V

3 kW

4 kW

the network shown in fig. P.1.4.8 is


a
3W

6W

2A

Fig. P.1.4.11

2V

8W

(A) 3 A

(B) 0.75 mA

(C) 2 mA

(D) 1.75 mA

8W

Statement for Q.1213:

Fig. P.1.4.8

(A) 2 W

(B) 6 W

(C) 6.16 W

4
(D) W
3

A circuit is given in fig. P.1.4.1213. Find the


Thevenin equivalent as given in question..
10 W

16 W

40 W

5V

8W

9. For In the the circuit shown in fig. P.1.4.9 a network


and its Thevenin and Norton equivalent are given
2W

3W

Fig. P.1.4.1213
RTH

4V

iN

2A
vTH

RN

12. As viewed from terminal x and x is


(A) 8 V, 6 W

(B) 5 V, 6 W

(C) 5 V, 32 W

(D) 8 V, 32 W

Fig. P.1.4.9

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34

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1A

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Network Theorems

13. As viewed from terminal y and y is


(A) 8 V, 32 W

(B) 4 V, 32 W

(C) 5 V, 6 W

(D) 7 V, 6 W

Chap 1.4

19. vTH , RTH = ?


6W

3i1

14. A practical DC current source provide 20 kW to a

i1

iN,

4W

RN

50 W load and 20 kW to a 200 W load. The maximum


power, that can drawn from it, is

Fig. P1.4.19

(A) 22.5 kW

(B) 45 kW

(C) 30.3 kW

(D) 40 kW

Statement for Q.1516:


In the circuit of fig. P.1.4.1516 when R = 0 W , the

(A) 0 W

(B) 1.2 W

(C) 2.4 W

(D) 3.6 W

20. vTH , RTH = ?

current iR equals 10 A.
2W

4W

4V

2W

4W

2W

5W

0.1v1

4A

vTH RTH

v1

iR

Fig. P.1.4.20

Fig. P.1.4.1516.

15. The value of R, for which it absorbs maximum

(A) 8 V, 5 W

(B) 8 V, 10 W

power, is

(C) 4 V, 5 W

(D) 4 V, 10 W

(A) 4 W

(B) 3 W

(C) 2 W

(D) None of the above

21. RTH = ?
3W

2W

16. The maximum power will be


(A) 50 W

(B) 100 W

(C) 200 W

(D) value of E is required

vx
4

4V

vx

RTH

17. Consider a 24 V battery of internal resistance

Fig. P.1.4.21

r = 4 W connected to a variable resistance RL . The rate


of heat dissipated in the resistor is maximum when the
current drawn from the battery is i . The current drawn
form the battery will be i 2 when RL is equal to

(A) 3 W

(B) 1.2 W

(C) 5 W

(D) 10 W

(A) 2 W

(B) 4 W

22. In the circuit shown in fig. P.1.4.22 the effective

(C) 8 W

(D) 12 W

resistance faced by the voltage source is

18. i N , R N = ?

4W
5W

10 W
i1

20i1

iN,

30 W

vs

RN

i
4

Fig. P.1.4.22
Fig. P.1.4.18

(A) 2 A, 20 W

(B) 2 A, -20 W

(A) 4 W

(B) 3 W

(C) 0 A, 20 W

(D) 0 A, -20 W

(C) 2 W

(D) 1 W

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35

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

23. In the circuit of fig. P1.4.23 the value of RTH at

Networks

26. The value of RL will be

terminal ab is

ix

0.75va
16 V

Fig. P.1.4.2627

va
+

4W

Fig. P.1.4.23

(A) -3 W

9
W
8

(B)

8
W
3

(C) -

RL

2W

8W

9V

3W

0.9 A

(A) 2 W

(B) 3 W

(C) 1 W

(D) None of the above

27. The maximum power is

(D) None of the above

(A) 0.75 W

(B) 1.5 W

(C) 2.25 W

(D) 1.125 W

28. RTH = ?

24. RTH = ?

-2ix

200 W

va
100

va
+

100 W

50 W

RTH

100 W

300 W

Fig. P.1.4.24

(A)
(C)

(D)

125
W
3

maximum power if RL is equal to

(B) 136.4 W

(C) 200 W

(D) 272.8 W

29. Consider the circuits shown in fig. P.1.4.29


ia

100 W

200 W

2W
6W

6W
2W

2W

3i

(A) 100 W

i
6V

RTH

Fig. P.1.4.28

25. In the circuit of fig. P.1.4.25, the RL will absorb


40 W

+
vx

800 W

ix

(B) 0

3
W
125

100 W

0.01vx

RL

12 V
12 V

8V

Fig. P.1.4.25

6W

(A)

400
W
3

(B)

2
kW
9

(C)

800
W
3

(D)

4
kW
9

ib

2W
6W

6W

2W

Statement for Q.2627:

18 V

2W

6W

3A

In the circuit shown in fig. P1.4.2627 the


maximum power transfer condition is met for the load
RL .
Page
36

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Fig. P.1.4.29a & b

12 V

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Network Theorems

Chap 1.4

33. If vs1 = 6 V and vs 2 = - 6 V then the value of va is

The relation between ia and ib is


(A) ib = ia + 6

(B) ib = ia + 2

(A) 4 V

(B) -4 V

(C) ib = 15
. ia

(D) ib = ia

(C) 6 V

(D) -6 V

34. A network N feeds a resistance R as shown in fig.

30. Req = ?
12 W

P1.4.34. Let the power consumed by R be P. If an

4W

identical network is added as shown in figure, the


Req

6W

power consumed by R will be

2W

18 W

6W
9W

Fig. P.1.4.30
Fig. P.1.4.34

72
(B)
W
13

(A) 18 W
36
(C)
W
13

(D) 9 W

31. In the lattice network the value of RL for the


maximum power transfer to it is

(A) equal to P

(B) less than P

(C) between P and 4P

(D) more than 4P

35. A certain network consists of a large number of


ideal linear resistors, one of which is R and two
constant ideal source. The power consumed by R is P1

7W

when only the first source is active, and P2 when only

6
W

the second source is active. If both sources are active


RL

simultaneously, then the power consumed by R is

9W

(A) P1 P2

(B)

(C) ( P1 P2 ) 2

(D) ( P1 P2 ) 2

P1 P2

Fig. P.1.4.31

(A) 6.67 W

(B) 9 W

36. A battery has a short-circuit current of 30 A and an

(C) 6.52 W

(D) 8 W

open circuit voltage of 24 V. If the battery is connected


to an electric bulb of resistance 2 W, the power
dissipated by the bulb is

Statement for Q.3233:


A circuit is shown in fig. P.1.4.3233.
12 W
1W

3W

3W

1W

(A) 80 W

(B) 1800 W

(C) 112.5 W

(D) 228 W

37.

The

following

results

were

obtained

from

measurements taken between the two terminal of a


vs1

1W

va

vs2

resistive network

Terminal voltage

12 V

0V

Terminal current

0A

1.5 A

Fig. P.1.4.3233

32. If vs1 = vs 2 = 6 V then the value of va is


(A) 3 V

(B) 4 V

(C) 6 V

(D) 5 V

The Thevenin resistance of the network is


(A) 16 W

(B) 8 W

(C) 0

(D)

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Page
37

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

SOLUTIONS

38. A DC voltmeter with a sensitivity of 20 kW/V is used


to find the Thevenin equivalent of a linear network.
Reading on two scales are as follows

1. (B) vTH =

(a) 0 - 10 V scale : 4 V

The Thevenin voltage and the Thevenin resistance

(C) 18 V,

32
V,
3

1
MW
15

(D) 36 V,

200
kW
3

(B)

2
MW
15

( 6)( 6)
= 4 V,
3+ 6

RTH = ( 3||6) + 2 = 4 W

(b) 0 -15 V scale : 5 V

of the network is
16
200
(A)
V,
kW
3
3

Networks

2. (A)

2W

isc

Fig. S.1.4.2

R N = 2 ||4 + 2 =
+
RL

4W

15 V

39. Consider the network shown in fig. P.1.4.39.

Linear
Network

2W

v1

10
W,
3

15
2
v1 =
=6 V
1 1 1
+ +
2 2 4
v
isc = i N = 1 = 3 A
2

vab

Fig. P.1.4.39

The power absorbed by load resistance RL is


shown in table :

(2)( 3)(1)
= 1 V,
3+ 3
5
= 1||5 = W
6

3. (C) vTH =

RL

10 kW

30 kW

3.6 MW

4.8 MW

RTH

4. (B) After killing all source equivalent resistance is R


The value of RL , that would absorb maximum
power, is
(A) 60 kW

(B) 100 W

(C) 300 W

(D) 30 kW

Open circuit voltage = v1


5. (D) The short circuit current across the terminal is
2W
isc

40. Measurement made on terminal ab of a circuit of

6A

4W

3W

fig.P.1.4.40 yield the current-voltage characteristics


shown in fig. P.1.4.40. The Thevenin resistance is
Fig. S1.4.5

i(mA)
+

30
Resistive
Network

20
10
-4

-3 -2

-1

vab

Fig. P.1.4.40

isc =

6 4
= 4 A = iN ,
4+2

R N = 6 ||3 = 2 W
6. (B) For the calculation of RTH if we kill the sources
then 20 W resistance is inactive because 5 A source will

(A) 300 W

(B) -300 W

be open circuit

(C) 100 W

(D) -100 W

RTH = 30 + 25 = 55 W,
vTH = 5 + 5 30 = 155 V

***********

Page
38

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Network Theorems

Chap 1.4

12. (B) We Thevenized the left side of xx and source

7. (C) After killing the source, RTH = 6 W

transformed right side of yy

6W

8W

16 W

8W

6W
RTH
4V

8V

Fig. S.1.4.7

Fig. S1.4.12

8. (B) After killing all source,


RTH = 3||6 + 8 ||8 = 6 W

4
8
+
= 8 24 = 5 V,
1
1
+
8 24

vxx = vTH

9. (D) voc = 2 2 + 4 = 8 V = vTH


RTH = 2 + 3 = 5 W = R N ,

iN =

RTH = 8 ||(16 + 8) = 6 W

vTH 8
= A
RTH 5

13. (D) Thevenin equivalent seen from terminal yy is


4
8
+
24
8 = 7 V,
=
1
1
+
24 8

10. (A) If we solve this circuit direct, we have to deal


with three variable. But by simple manipulation

v yy = vTH

variable can be reduced to one. By changing the LHS


and RHS in Thevenin equivalent
1W

1W

1W

RTH = ( 8 + 16)||8 = 6 W

2W

14. (A)

+
6W

4V

12 V

v1

RL

Fig. S1.4.10
Fig. S1.4.14

4
12
+
v1 = 1 + 1 1 + 2 = 6 V
1
1
1
+ +
1+1 6 1+2

ir

50 = 20 k,
r + 50

( r + 200) 2 = 4( r + 50) 2

11. (B) If we solve this circuit direct, we have to deal


with three variable. But by simple manipulation

r = 100 W

i = 30 A,

Pmax =

variable can be reduced to one. By changing the LHS


and RHS in Thevenin equivalent
2 kW

i1

4 kW

ir

200 = 20 k
r + 200

20 V

6V

( 30) 2 100
= 22.5 kW
4

15. (C) Thevenized the circuit across R, RTH = 2 W


4W

2 kW

2W

2W

4W

8V

2W

Fig. S1.4.15
Fig. S1.4.11

i1 =

20 - 6 - 8
= 0.75 mA
2k + 4k + 2k

16. (A) isc = 10 A, RTH = 2 W,


2

10
Pmax =
2 = 50 W
2
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Page
39

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

Now in this circuit all straight-through connection

Networks

i 2 R = ( P1 P2 ) 2

have been cut as shown in fig. S1.4.32b


6W

36. (C) r =

1W
3W
2W

P=

voc
= 1. 2 W
isc

24 2
2 = 112.5 W
(1. 2 + 2) 2

6V

va

37. (B) RTH =

voc 12
=
=8W
isc 15
.

Fig. S.1.4.32b

va =

6 (2 + 3)
=5 V
2 + 3+1

38. (A) Let

33. (B) Since both source have opposite polarity, hence


short circuit the all straight-through connection as
shown in fig. S.1.4.33
6W

2W

For 0 -10 V scale Rm = 10 20 k = 200 kW


For 0 -50 V scale Rm = 50 20 k = 1 MW
4
For 4 V reading i =
50 = 20 mA
10
vTH = 20mRTH + 20m 200 k = 4 + 20mRTH
5
For 5 V reading i =
50m = 5 mA
50

1W
3W

1
1
=
= 50 mA
sensitivity
20 k

vTH = 5m RTH + 5m 1M = 5 + 5mRTH


6V

va

Solving (i) and (ii)


16
200
V, RTH =
vTH =
kW
3
3

Fig. S1.4.33

39. (D) v10 k = 10 k 3.6m = 6

6 ( 6 ||3)
va = = -4 V
2 +1

v30 k = 30 k 4.8m = 12 V

34. (C) Let Thevenin equivalent of both network


RTH

RTH

vTH

vTH

RTH

vTH

6 =

10
vTH
10 + RTH

12 =

30 vTH
30 + RTH

10 vTH = 6 RTH + 60

5 vTH = 2 RTH + 60

RTH = 30 kW
40. (D) At v = 0 , isc = 30 mA

Fig. S1.4.34

At i = 0, voc = - 3 V
v
-3
RTH = oc =
= - 100 W
isc 30m

VTH
R
P =
RTH + R

V
TH
P =
R + RTH
2

VTH
R = 4

2 R + RTH

************

Thus P < P < 4 P


35. (C) i1 =

P1
P2
and i2 =
R
R

using superposition i = i1 + i2 =

Page
42

P1

P2
R
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...(i)

...(ii)

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

CHAPTER

1.6
THE RLC CIRCUITS

1. The natural response of an RLC circuit is described

(A) iL ( t) + 1100 iL ( t) + 11 108 iL ( t) = 108 is ( t)

by the differential equation

(B) iL ( t) + 1100 iL ( t) + 11 108 iL ( t) = 108 is ( t)

d 2v
dv
dv(0)
+2
+ v = 0, v(0) = 10,
= 0.
dt 2
dt
dt
The v( t) is
(A) 10(1 + t) e - t V

(B) 10(1 - t) e - t V

(C) 10e - t V

(D) 10te - t V

vs

2W

1 mH

. iL ( t)
iL ( t) 11
. iL ( t) = is ( t)
+
+ 11
108
10 4

(D)

iL ( t) 11iL ( t)
+
+ 11iL ( t) = is ( t)
108
10 4

4. In the circuit of fig. P.1.6.4 vs = 0 for t > 0. The initial

2. The differential equation for the circuit shown in fig.


P1.6.2. is

(C)

condition are v(0) = 6 V and dv(0) dt = -3000 V s. The


v( t) for t > 0 is

1H

10 mF

100 W

vs

25 mF

80 W

+
vC

Fig. P1.6.2

(A) v( t) + 3000 v( t) + 102


. 108 v( t) = 108 vs ( t)

Fig. P1.6.4

(B) v( t) + 1000 v ( t) + 102


. 10 v( t) = 10 vs ( t)
8

(A) -2 e -100 t + 8 e -400 t V

(B) 6 e -100 t + 8 e -400 t V


(D) None of the above

(C)

2 v ( t)
v( t)
. v( t) = vs ( t)
+
+ 102
108
10 5

(C) 6 e -100 t - 8 e -400 t V

(D)

2 v ( t)
v( t)
. v( t) = vs ( t)
+
+ 198
8
10
10 5

5. The circuit shown in fig. P1.6.5 has been open for a


long time before closing at t = 0. The initial condition is

3. The differential equation for the circuit shown in fig.

v(0) = 2 V. The v( t) for t > is

P1.6.3 is

t=0
1H

10 W
is

3
4W

1
3F

+
vC

10 mF

100 W

Fig. P.1.6.5
iL

Fig. P.1.6.3

Page
54

-t

(A) 5 e - 7 e

-3t

(C) - e - t + 3e -3t V
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(B) 7 e - t - 5 e -3t V
(D) 3e - t - e -3t V

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

The RLC Circuits

Statement for Q.67:

Chap 1.6

10. The switch of the circuit shown in fig. P1.6.10 is

Circuit is shown in fig. P.1.6. Initial conditions are

opened at t = 0 after long time. The v( t) , for t > 0 is

i1 (0) = i2 (0) = 11 A

t=0

3W

i1

i2

2H

1W

1
2H

1W

6V

+
vC

1
4F

2W

3H

Fig. P1.6.10
Fig. P1.6.67

6. i1 (1 s) = ?

(A) 4 e -2 t sin 2 t V

(B) -4 e -2 t sin 2 t V

(C) 4 e -2 t cos 2 t V

(D) -4 e -2 t cos 2 t V

(A) 0.78 A

(B) 1.46 A

11. In the circuit of fig. P1.6.23 the switch is opened at

(C) 2.56 A

(D) 3.62 A

t = 0 after long time. The current iL ( t) for t > 0 is


4H

iL

7. i2 (1 s) = ?
(A) 0.78 A

(B) 1.46 A

(C) 2.56 A

(D) 3.62 A

t=0
2W

1
4F

8W

8. vC ( t) = ? for t > 0

4W

7A

25 mH

Fig. P1.6.11

10 mF

100 W

30u(-t) mA

+
vC

(A) e -2 t (2 cos t + 4 sin t) A

(B) e -2 t ( 3 sin t - 4 cos t) A

(C) e -2 t ( -4 sin t + 2 cos t) A

(D)e -2 t (2 sin t - 4 cos t) A

Statement for Q.1214:


Fig. P1.6.8

In the circuit shown in fig. P1.6.1214 all initial

(A) 4 e -1000 t - e -2000 t V

(B) ( 3 + 6000 t) e -2000 t V

(C) 2 e -1000 t + e -2000 t V

(D) ( 3 - 6000 t) e -2000 t V

condition are zero.


iL

9. The circuit shown in fig. P1.6.9 is in steady state


with switch open. At t = 0

10 mH

1 mF

+
vL

the switch is closed. The

output voltage vC ( t) for t > 0 is

Fig. P1.5.12-14

12. If is ( t) = 1 A, then the inductor current iL ( t) is

0.8 H

250 W

100
W
65

isu(t) A

500 W
t=0
9V

5 mF

+
vC

(A) 1 A

(B) t A

(C) t + 1 A

(D) 0 A

13. If is ( t) = 0.5 t A,

Fig. P1.6.9

(B) 2 t - 3250 A

-3

(D) 2 t + 3250 A

(A) 0.5 t + 3. 25 10
(C) 0.5 t - 0. 25 10

then iL ( t) is

-3

(B) e

-400 t

[ 3 cos 300 t + 4 sin 300 t ]

14. If is ( t) = 2 e -250 t A then iL ( t) is


4000 -250 t
4000 -250 t
(A)
A
(B)
A
te
e
3
3

(C) e

-300 t

[ 3 cos 400 t + 4 sin 300 t ]

(C)

(A) -9 e

-400 t

+ 12 e

-300 t

(D) e -300 t [ 3 cos 400 t + 2. 25 sin 300 t ]

200 -250 t
A
e
7

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(D)

200 -250 t
A
te
7

Page
55

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

15. The forced response for the capacitor voltage v f ( t) is

Networks

19. In the circuit shown in fig. P 1.5.19 v( t) for t > 0 is

100 W

2u(-t) A
iL

vx +

avx

50 W

1H

20 mH

0.04 F
+ vC
2W

4W

Fig. P1.6.15

(A) 0. 2 t + 117
. 10 -3 V

(B) 0. 2 t - 117
. 10 -3 V

(C) 117
. 10 -3 t - 0. 2 V

(D) 117
. 10 -3 t + 0. 2 V

50u(t) V

Fig. P1.6.19

16. For a RLC series circuit R = 20 W , L = 0.6 H, the


value of C will be

(B) 50 + ( 46.5 sin 3t + 62 cos 3t) e -4 t V

[CD =critically damped, OD =over damped,

(C) 50 + ( 62 cos 4 t + 46.5 sin 4 t) e -3t V

UD =under damped].
CD

OD

UD

(A) C = 6 mF

C >6 mF

C <6 mF

(B) C = 6 mF

C < 6 mF

C > 6 mF

(C) C >6 mF

C = 6 mF

C < 6 mF

(D) C < 6 mF

C =6 mF

C > 6 mF

(A) 50 - ( 46.5 sin 3t + 62 cos 3t) e -4 t V

(D) 50 - ( 62 cos 4 t + 46.5 sin 4 t) e -3t V


20. In the circuit of fig. P1.6.20 the switch is closed at
t = 0 after long time. The current i( t) for t > 0 is
1
16 F
+ vC

17. The circuit shown in fig. P1.6.17 is critically


damped. The value of R is

20 V

t=0

1
4H

Fig. P1.6.20

120 W

5W

iL

10 mF
4H

(A) -10 sin 8 t A

(B) 10 sin 8 t A

(C) -10 cos 8 t A

(D) 10 cos 8 t A

21. In the circuit of fig. P1.6.21 switch is moved from 8


Fig. P1.6.17

(A) 40 W

(B) 60 W

(C) 120 W

(D) 180 W

V to 12 V at t = 0. The voltage v( t) for t > 0 is


2W
t=0

18. The step response of an RLC series circuit is given

8V

12 V

by

1H

d 2 i( t) 2 di( t)
di(0 + )
= 4.
+
+ 5 i( t) = 10, i(0 + ) = 2,
dt
dt
dt

Fig. P1.6.21

(A) 12 - ( 4 cos 2 t + 2 sin 2 t) e - t V

The i( t) is
(A) 1 + e - t cos 4 t A

(B) 4 - 2 e - t cos 4 t A

(B) 12 - ( 4 cos 2 t + 8 sin 2 t) e - t V

(C) 2 + e - t sin 4 t A

(D) 10 + e - t sin 4 t A

(C) 12 + ( 4 cos 2 t + 8 sin 2 t) e - t V


(D) 12 + ( 4 cos 2 t + 2 sin 2 t) e - t V

Page
56

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1
F
6

+
vC

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

The RLC Circuits

22. In the circuit of fig. P1.5.22 the voltage v( t) is

5W

3u(t) A

25. In the circuit shown in fig. P1.6.25 a steady state


has been established before switch closed. The i( t) for

1W

5H

t > 0 is
5W

+
vC

0.2 F

20 V

Chap 1.6

20 W

1H

2W

t=0

1
F
25

5W

100 V

Fig. P1.6.22

(A) 40 - (20 cos 0.6 t + 15 sin 0.6 t) e -0 .8 t V


(B) 35 + (15 cos 0.6 t + 20 sin 0.6 t) e

-0 .8 t

(C) 35 - (15 cos 0.6 t + 20 sin 0.6 t) e


(D) 35 - 15 cos 0.6 t e

-0 .8 t

-0 .8 t

Fig. P1.6.25

(A) 0.73e -2 t sin 4.58 t A

(B) 0.89 e -2 t sin 6.38 t A

(C) 0.73e -4 t sin 4.58 t A

23. In the circuit of fig. P1.6.23 the switch is opened at


t = 0 after long time. The current i( t) for t > 0 is

(D) 0.89 e -4 t sin 6.38 t A


26. The switch is closed after long time in the circuit of
fig. P1.6.26. The v( t) for t > 0 is

2A

2A
3
4H
10 W

1
3F

t=0

1W

1H
6W

5W

10 W

4V

t=0

1
25 F

+
vC

Fig. P1.6.23

(A) e-2 .306 t + e-0 . 869t A

Fig. P1.6.26

(B) -e -2 .306 t + 2 e -0 . 869t A

(A) -8 + 6 e -3t sin 4 t V

(C) e -4 .431 t + e -0 .903t A

(B) -12 + 4 e -3t cos 4 t V

(D) 2 e -4 .431 t - e -0 .903t A

(C) -12 + ( 4 cos 4 t + 3 sin 4 t) e -3t V

24. In the circuit of fig. P1.6.24 switch is moved from


position a to b at t = 0. The iL ( t) for t > 0 is
0.02 F

(D) -12 + ( 4 cos 4 t + 6 sin 4 t) e -3t V


27. i( t) = ?
2 kW

14 W

2 H t=0
2W

12 V

5 mF

12u(t) V

8 mH

a
iL

6W

Fig. P1.6.27

(A) 6 - ( 6 cos 500 t + 6 sin 5000 t) e -50 t mA


(B) 8 - ( 8 cos 500 t + 0.06 sin 5000 t) e -50 t mA

4A

Fig. P1.6.24

(A) ( 4 - 6 t) e 4 t A

(B) ( 3 - 6 t) e -4 t A

(C) ( 3 - 9 t) e -5t A

(D) ( 3 - 8 t) e -5t A

(C) 6 - ( 6 cos 5000 t + 0.06 sin 5000 t) e -50 t mA


(D) 6 e -50 t sin 5000 t mA
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Page
57

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

Networks

SOLUTIONS

28. In the circuit of fig. P1.6.28 i(0) = 1 A and v(0) = 0.


The current i( t) for t > 0 is
i
4u(t) A

1. (A) s 2 + 2 s + 1 = 0
2W

1H

s = -1, - 1,

v( t) = ( A1 + A2 t) e
dv(0)
v(0) = 10 V,
= 0 = - 1 A1 + A2
dt

0.5 F

A1 = A2 = 10

Fig. P1.6.28

(A) 4 + 6.38 e -0 .5t A

-t

(B) 4 - 6.38 e -0 .5t A

(C) 4 + ( 3 cos 1.32 t + 113


. sin 1.32 t) e -0 .5t A

2. (A) iL =

(D) 4 - ( 3 cos 1.32 t + 113


. sin 1.32 t) e -0 .5t A

v
dv
+ 10 10 -6
100
dt
iL

29. In the circuit of fig. P1.6.29 a steady state has been

2W

1 mH

established before switch closed. The vo( t) for t > 0 is


10 W

vs

t=0
5W

3A

10 mF

1H

Fig. S1.6.2

vo

vs = 2 iL + 10 -3

Fig. P1.6.29

(A) 100 te -10 t V

(B) 200 te -10 t V

(C) 400 te -50 t V

(D) 800 te -50 t V

108 vs ( t) = v( t) + 3000 v( t) + 102


. v( t)
t > 0 is

established before switch closed. The i( t) for


i
1H
1
4F

2W
t=0

(B) -e

sin 2 t A

(C) -2(1 - t) e

-2 t

-2 t

sin 2 t A

(D) 2(1 - t) e -2 t A

4. (A)

31. In the circuit of fig. P1.6.31 a steady state has been


established. The i( t) for t > 0 is
i
3A

10 W

6u(t) A

diL
di
d 2 iL
+ iL + 10 -4 L + 10 -8
dt
dt
dt 2
.
iL ( t) 11
. iL ( t) = is ( t)
+
iL ( t) + 11
108
10 4

Fig. P1.6.30

(A) 2 e

vC
dvC
+ iL + 10m
100
dt
di
vC = 10 iL + 10 -3 L
dt
di
d
di
is = 0.1iL + 10 -5 L + iL + 10 -5 (10 iL + 10 -3 L )
dt
dt
dt
3. (C) is =

= 0.1iL + 10 -5

6V

-2 t

diL
+v
dt

1 dv
dv
d2 v
v
+ v
+ 10 -3
= 2
+ 10 -6 10 - t
+ 10 10 -6
dt
dt 2
100
100 dt

30. In the circuit of fig. P1.6.30 a steady state has been

1W

10 mF

100 W

40 W

10 mF

4H

v
dv
+ 25m
+ ( v - vs ) dt = 0
80
dt

d 2v
dv
+ 500
+ 40000 = 0
2
dt
dt

s 2 + 500 s + 40000 = 0

s = -100, - 400,

v( t) = Ae -100 t + Be -400 t
A + B = 6, -100 A - 400 B = -3000

Fig. P1.6.31

(A) 9 + 2 e

-10 t

- 8e

-2 .5t

(B) 9 - 8 e

10 t

(C) 9 + (2 cos 10 t + sin 10 t) e

-2 .5t

(D) 9 + (cos 10 t + 2 sin 10 t) e -2 .5t A


***************

Page
58

+ 2e

-2 .5t

B = 8, A = -2

A
5. (C) The characteristic equation is s 2 +
After putting the values,
v( t) = Ae - t + Be -3t ,
www.gatehelp.com

s2 + 4 s + 3 = 0

1
s
+
=0
RC LC

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

The RLC Circuits

v(0 + ) = 2 V

iL (0 + ) = 0

iR (0) =

-C

9. (B) vC (0 + ) = 3 V , iL (0 + ) = -12 mA

A + B =2

dv(0 + ) 8
=
dt
3

vC
dvC
+ iL + 5 10 -6
=0
250
dt

2
8
= ,
34 3

dvC (0 + )
3
dvC (0 + )
- 12m + 5 10 -6
=0
=0
dt
250
dt
1
s
+
=0
s2 +
-6
250 5 10
0.8 5 10 -6

dv(0 + )
= - 8,
dt

- A - 3B = -8, B = 3, A = -1

di1
di
- 3 2 = 0,
dt
dt
3di2
di
2 i2 +
- 3 1 =0
dt
dt
6. (D) i1 + 5

i1 = A e

+ Be

-2 t

10. (B) v(0 + ) = 0,


s2 + 4 s + 8 = 0
A1 = 0,

, i(0) = A + B = 11

1
6

i2 = - e

2W

1
4F

t
6

+ De

+ 12 e

di2 (0) -143


C
=
= - - 2D
dt
6
6

A, i2 (1 s) = e

+
vC

8W

diL (0 + )
diL (0 + )
= 8 - ( -4) 8
= 10
dt
dt
1
s
vC + vC + iL = 0, vC = 4 siL + 8 iL
4
2

-2 t

s 2 iL + 4 siL + 5 = 0, s = -2 j

and D = 12
-2 t

4H

Fig. S1.6.11

1
6

+ 12 e

-2

= 0.78 A

iL ( t) = e-2 t ( A1 cos t + A2 sin t)


A1 = -4,

8. (B) vC (0 + ) = 30m 100 = 3 V


dvC (0 - )
dvC (0 + )
= iL (0 - ) = 0 = iL (0 + ) = C
dt
dt
100
1
s2 +
s+
25 10 -3
25 10 -3 10 10 -6
C

vC (0 + ) = 8 V
iL

+ 8 e -2 = 3.62 A

i2 (0) = 11 = C + D,

t
6

11. (D) iL (0 + ) = -4,

+ 8e ,

7. (A) i2 = Ce

dvC (0 + )
= -8 = -2 (0 + 0) + (0 + 2 A2 ), A2 = -4
dt

-2 t

i1 (1 s) = 3e

C = -1

s = - 2 j2

vC ( t) = e ( A1 cos 2 t + A2 sin 2 t)

di1 (0 + )
33 di2 (0 + )
143
==,
dt
2
dt
6
A
33
- 2 B = - , A = 3, B = 8,
6
2
i1 = 3e

1 dvC (0 + )
= -2
4 xdt

iL (0 + ) = 2 A,

-2 t

In differential equation putting t = 0 and solving

t
6

s = -400 j 300

vC ( t) = e-400 t ( A1 cos 300 t + A2 sin 300 t)


dvC (0)
A1 = 3,
= -400 A1 + 300 A2 , A2 = 4
dt

6 s 2 + 13s + 2 = 0
1
s = - , -2
6
1
- t
6

s 2 + 800 s + 25 10 4 = 0

(1 + 5 s) i1 - 3si2 = 0, -3si1 + (2 + 3s) i2 = 0


( 3s)( 3s) i1
(1 + 5 s) i1 =0
2 + 3s

Chap 1.6

s = -2000, -2000

diL (0 + )
= 10 = -2 ( A1 + 0) + A2 , A2 = 2
dt

12. (A) is =
is =

v
dv
di
+ 10 -3
+ iL , v = 10 10 -3 L
100 65
dt
dt

di
d 2 iL
65
(10 10 -3) L + 10 -3(10 10 -3)
+ iL = 0
dt
dt
100

d 2 iL
di
+ 650 L + 10 5 iL = 10 5 is
dt
dt

vC ( t) = ( A1 + A2 t) e -2000 t
dvC ( t)
= A2 e -2000 t + ( A1 + A2 t) e -2000 t ( -2000)
dt
dvC (0)
= A2 - 2000 3 = 0
vC (0 + ) = A1 = 3,
dt

0 + 0 + 10 5 B = 10 5,

0 + 650 A + ( At + B)10 5 = 10 5(0.5 t), A = 0.5

A2 = 6000

Trying iL ( t) = B
B = 1,

iL = 1 A

13. (A) Trying iL ( t) = At + B,


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59

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

The RLC Circuits

Chap 1.6

di(0 + ) -16
=
= -4.431 A - 0.903B
dt
3

28.(D) i(0 + ) = 1 A, v(0 + ) =

A = 1, B = 1

a=

Ldi(0 + )
dt

1
= 0.5,
2 2 0.5

4 6
=3
6 +2
dvC (0)
dv (0)
= 150
0.02 C
= iL (0) = 3
dt
dt
6 + 14
1
a=
= 5,
wo =
=5
22
2 0.02

1 = 4 + A,
A = -3
di(0)
= 0 = 0.5 A + 1.32 B,
dt

a = wo critically damped

29. (B) Vo(0 + ) = 0 ,iL (0 + ) = 1 A

24. (C) vC (0) = 0,

v( t) = 12 + ( A + Bt) e
0 = 12 + A,

v( t) = 12 + (90 t - 12) e

A = -12,

iL ( t) = 0.02( -5) e (90 t - 12) + 0.02(90) e

-5t

= ( 3 - 9 t) e

-5t

diL (0 + )
= v1 (0) = 0
dt
1
a=
= 10,
2 5 0.01

B = -113
.

Wo =

1
1 0.01

= 10

a = Wo, so critically damped response

100 5
50
,
25. (A) v(0 ) =
=
5 + 5 + 20
3
+

iL (0 ) = 0

s = -10, - 10
i( t) = 3( A + Bt) e -10 t ,

if = 0 A

i(0) = 1 = 3 + A

di(0 )
= -10 A + B
dt

diL (0 + )
50 10
= 20 =
dt
3
3
4
1
a=
= 2, wo =
=5
21
1
1
25

iL ( t) = 3 - (2 + 20 t) e -10 t ,

i( t) = ( A cos 4.58 t + B sin 4.58 t) e -2 t


26.(A) iL (0 + ) = 0, vL (0 + ) = 4 - 12 = -8
+

LdiL ( t)
= 200 te -10 t
dt

di(0 + )
-6
vc (0 + ) = 2 1 = 2 =
= -2 A,
dt
1+2
1
1
1
a=
=
= 2,
Wo =
=2
2 RC 2 1 0.25
LC
a = Wo, critically damped response
s = -2 , -2

1 dvL (0 )
= iL (0 + ) = 0
25
dt
6
1
a = = 3, Wo =
=5
2
1 1 / 25

A = -2
i( t) = ( A + Bt) e -2 t ,
di( t)
= ( -2 + Bt) e 2 t ( -2) + (0 + B) e -2 t
dt

b = -3 9 - 25 = -3 j 4
v1 ( t) = -12 + ( A cos 4 t + B sin 4 t) e

vo =

30. (C) i(0 + ) =

s = -2 4 - 25 = -2 j 4.58

At t = 0, B = -2
-3t

vL (0) = -8 = 12 + A,
A =4
dvL (0)
= 0 = -3 A + 4 B,
B=3
dt
1
1
=
= 50
2 RC 2 2 k 54
1
1
=
= 5000
LC
8 m 5m

27. (C) a =
Wo =

B = 90

-5t

-5t

= 2

i( t) = 4 + ( A cos 1.32 t + B sin 1.32 t) e -0 .5t

-5t

1 - 0.5

s = -0.5 0.5 2 - 2 = 0.5 j1.323

iL (0) =

150 = -5 A + B

Wo =

31. (A) i(0 + ) = 3 A, vC (0 + ) = 0 V =


is = 9 A, R = 10||40 = 8 W
1
1
a=
=
= 6.25
2 RC 2 8 0.01
1
1
Wo =
=
=5
LC
4 0.01
a > Wo, so overdamped response

a < Wo, underdamped response.

s = -6.25 6.25 2 - 25 = -10, -2.5

s = -50 50 2 - 5000 2 = -50 j5000

i( t) = 9 + Ae -10 t + Be -2 .5t

i( t) = 6 + ( A cos 5000 t + B sin 5000 t) e -50 t mA

3 = 9 + A + B,

i(0) = 6 = 6 + A,
A = -6
di(0)
= -50 A + 5000 B = 0,
B = -0.06
dt

4 di(0 + )
dt

0 = -10 A - 2.5 B

On solving, A = 2, B = -8
************
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Page
61

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

CHAPTER

1.7
SINUSOIDAL STEADY STATE ANALYSIS

1. i( t) = ?

20cos 300t V

(A)

3W

(C)

25 mH

1
2
1
2

cos (2 t - 45 ) V

(B)

sin (2 t - 45 ) V

(D)

1
2
1
2

cos (2 t + 45 ) V
sin (2 t + 45 ) V

4. vC ( t) = ?
Fig. P1.7.1

3H

(A) 20 cos ( 300 t + 68. 2 ) A


(B) 20 cos( 300 t - 68. 2 ) A

8cos 5t V

(C) 2.48 cos( 300 t + 68. 2 ) A

+
vC

50 mF
9W

(D) 2.48 cos( 300 t - 68. 2 ) A

Fig. P1.7.4

2. vC ( t) = ?
(A) 2. 25 cos (5 t + 150 ) V
3

cos 10 t A

2W

+
vC

1 mF

(B) 2. 25 cos (5 t - 150 ) V


(C) 2. 25 cos (5 t + 140.71 ) V
(D) 2. 25 cos (5 t - 140.71 ) V

Fig. P1.7.2

(A) 0.89 cos (10 3 t - 63.43 ) V

5. i( t) = ?

(B) 0.89 cos (10 3 t + 63.43 ) V

1W

4W

(C) 0.45 cos (10 t + 26.57 ) V


3

(D) 0.45 cos (10 t - 26.57 ) V


3

10cos 2t V

0.25 F

4H

3. vC ( t) = ?
5W

cos 2t V

0.1 F

Fig. P1.7.5
+
vC

(A) 2 sin (2 t + 5.77 ) A

(B) cos (2 t - 84. 23 ) A

(C) 2 sin (2 t - 5.77 ) A

(D) cos (2 t + 84. 23 ) A

Fig. P1.7.3

Page
62

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

13. In the bridge shown in fig. P1.7.13, Z1 = 300 W,


Z 2 = ( 300 - j 600) W, Z 3 = (200 + j 100)W. The Z 4

Networks

Statement for Q.17-18:

at

The circuit is as shown in fig. P1.7.17-18

balance is

1W

1W

1H

1H

1W

i1

10cos (4t-30 ) V

1F

i2

5cos 4t V

Fig. P1.7.1718

17. i1 ( t) = ?
(A) 2.36 cos ( 4 t - 4107
. ) A

Fig. P1.7.13

(A) 400 + j 300 W

(B) 400 - j 300 W

(C) j100 W

(D) - j900 W

(B) 2.36 cos ( 4 t + 4107


. ) A
(C) 1.37 cos ( 4 t - 4107
. ) A
(D) 2.36 cos ( 4 t + 4107
. ) A

14. In a two element series circuit, the applied


voltage

and

the

resulting

current

are

v( t) = 60 + 66 sin (10 3 t) V, i( t) = 2.3 sin (10 3 t + 68.3 ) A.


The nature of the elements would be
(A) R - C

(B) L - C

(C) R - L

(D) R - R

(A) 2.04 sin ( 4 t + 92.13 ) A


(B) -2.04 sin ( 4 t + 2.13 ) A
(C) 2.04 cos ( 4 t + 2.13 ) A
(D) -2.04 cos ( 4 t + 92.13 ) A
19. I x = ?

15. Vo = ?
40 W

j20

120-15o V

18. i2 ( t) = ?

50 W

-j30

Ix
630 A

1030 V

Fig. P1.7.15

-j2 W

(B) 22356 V

(C) 124 - 154 V

(D) 124 154 V

16. vo( t) = ?

(A) 394
. 46. 28 A

(B) 4.62 97.38 A

(C) 7.42 92.49 A

(D) 6.78 49. 27 A

20. Vx = ?

3W

j10 W

20 W
10sin (t+30o) V

1F

+
vo

j3 W

Fig. P1.7.19

(A) 223 - 56 V

1H

0.5Ix

4W

Vo

20cos (t-45 ) V

4Vx

30 A
o

20 W

+
Vx

Fig. P1.7.16
Fig. P1.7.20

(A) 315
. cos ( t + 112 ) V
(B) 43. 2 cos ( t + 23 ) V

(A) 29.11166 V

(B) 29.11 - 166 V

(C) 315
. cos ( t - 112 ) V

(C) 43. 24 124 V

(D) 43. 24 - 124 V

(D) 43. 2 cos ( t - 23 ) V


Page
64

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

Statement for Q.2732:

Networks

35. In the circuit shown in fig. P1.7.35 power factor is

Determine the complex power for hte given values

-j2

4W

in question.
27. P = 269 W, Q = 150 VAR (capacitive)
(A) 150 - j269 VA

(B) 150 + j269 VA

(C) 269 - j150 VA

(D) 269 + j150 VA

-j2

j5

Fig. P1.7.35

28. Q = 2000 VAR, pf = 0.9 (leading)


(A) 4129.8 + j2000 VA

(B) 2000 + j 4129.8 VA

(C) 2000 - j 4129


. .8 VA

(D) 4129.8 - j2000 VA

(A) 56.31 (leading)

(B) 56.31 (lagging)

(C) 0.555 (lagging)

(D) 0.555 (leading)

36. The power factor seen by the voltage source is


29. S = 60 VA, Q = 45 VAR (inductive)
(A) 39.69 + j 45 VA

(B) 39.69 - j 45 VA

(C) 45 + j 39.69 VA

(D) 45 - j 39.69 VA

4W

1W

+ v1
10cos 2t V

30. Vrms = 220 V, P = 1 kW, |Z |= 40 W (inductive)


(A) 1000 - j 68125
. VA

(B) 1000 + j 68125


. VA

(C) 68125
. + j1000 VA

(D) 68125
. - j1000 VA

31. Vrms = 2120 V, Vrms = 2120 V, I rms = 8.5 - 50 A


(A) 154.6 + j 89.3 VA

(B) 154.6 - j 89.3 VA

(C) 61 + j167.7 VA

(D) 61 - j167.7 VA

1
3F

3v
4 1

Fig. P1.7.36

(A) 0.8 (leading)

(B) 0.8 (lagging)

(C) 36.9 (leading)

(D) 39.6 (lagging)

37. The average power supplied by the dependent


source is

32. Vrms = 120 30 V, Z = 40 + j 80 W

Ix

(A) 72 + j144 VA

(B) 72 - j144 VA

(C) 144 + j72 VA

(D) 144 - j72 VA

290 A
o

j1.92

4.8 W

8W

1.6Ix

33. Vo = ?
Fig. P1.7.37

60 A
o

16 kW
0.9 pf lagging

VO

20 kW
0.8 pf lagging

(A) 96 W

(B) -96 W

(C) 92 W

(D) -192 W

38. In the circuit of fig. P1.7.38 the maximum power

Fig. P1.7.33

absorbed by Z L is
(A) 7.132. 29 kV

(B) 42.59 32.29 kV

(C) 38.49 24.39 kV

(D) 38.49 32. 29 kV

10 W

1200o V

34. A relay coil is connected to a 210 V, 50 Hz supply. If

j15

-j10

it has resistance of 30 W and an inductance of 0.5 H, the


Fig. P1.7.38

apparent power is

Page
66

(A) 30 VA

(B) 275.6 VA

(C) 157 VA

(D) 187 VA

(A) 180 W

(B) 90 W

(C) 140 W

(D) 700 W

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ZL

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Sinusoidal Steady State Analysis

Chap 1.7

39. The value of the load impedance, that would

The line impedance connecting the source to load is

absorbs the maximum average power is

0.3 + j0.2 W. If the current in a phase of load 1 is

j100

320o A

I = 10 20 A rms , the current in source in ab branch is

-j40

80 W

ZL

(A) 15 - 122 A rms

(B) 8.67 - 122 A rms

(C) 15 27.9 A rms

(D) 8.67 - 57.9 A rms

45.
Fig. P1.7.39

(A) 12.8 - j 49.6 W

(B) 12.8 + j 49.6 W

(C) 339
. - j 86.3 W

(D) 339
. + j 86.3 W

An

abc

phase

sequence

3-phase

balanced

Y-connected source supplies power to a balanced


D connected load. The impedance per phase in the load
is 10 + j 8 W. If the line current in a phase is
I aA = 28.10 - 28.66 A rms and the line impedance is
zero, the load voltage V AB is

Statement for Q.4041:


In a balanced Yconnected three phase generator
Vab = 400 Vrms
40. If phase sequence is abc then phase voltage
Va , Vb , and Vc are respectively

(A) 207.8 - 140 Vrms

(B) 148.340 Vrms

(C) 148.3 - 40 Vrms

(D) 207.8 40 Vrms

46. The magnitude of the complex power supplied by a


3-phase balanced Y-Y system is 3600 VA. The line
voltage is 208 Vrms . If the line impedance is negligible

(A) 2310 , 231120 , 231240

and the power factor angle of the load is 25, the load

(B) 231 - 30 , 231 - 150 , 23190

impedance is

(C) 23130 , 231150 , 231 - 90

(A) 5.07 + j10.88 W

(B) 10.88 + j5.07 W

(D) 23160 , 231180 , 231 - 60

(C) 432
. + j14.6 W

(D) 14.6 + j 432


. W

41. If phase sequence is acb then phase voltage are


(A) 2310 , 231120 , 231240
(B) 231 - 30 , 231 - 150 , 23190

***********

(C) 23130 , 231150 , 231 - 90


(D) 23160 , 231180 , 231 - 60
42. A balanced three-phase Y-connected load has one
phase voltage Vc = 277 45 V. The phase sequence is
abc. The line to line voltage V AB is
(A) 480 45 V

(B) 480 - 45 V

(C) 339 45 V

(D) 339 - 45 V

43. A three-phase circuit has two parallel balanced D


loads, one of the 6 W resistor and one of 12 W resistors.
The magnitude of the total line current, when the
line-to-line voltage is 480 Vrms , is
(A) 120 A rms

(B) 360 A rms

(C) 208 A rms

(D) 470 A rms

44. In a balanced three-phase system, the source has an


abc phase sequence and is connected in delta. There are
two parallel Y-connected load. The phase impedance of
load 1 and load 2 is 4 + j 4 W and 10 + j 4 W respectively.
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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

SOLUTIONS

-j
7. (C) Z =
||( 6 + j(27m) w)
w(22m )

1. (D) Z = 3 + j(25m)( 300) = 3 + j7.5 W = 8.08 68. 2


I=

20 0
= 2.48 - 68. 2 A
8.08 68. 2

i( t) = 2.48 cos ( 300 t - 68. 2 ) A


1
+ j(1m)(10 3) = 0.5 + j = 112
. 63.43
2
(10)
VC =
= 0.89 - 63.43 V
112
. 63.43
2. (A) Y =

vC ( t) = 0.89 cos (10 3 t - 63.43 ) V

(10) (5 - 90 )

vC ( t) =

5 2 - 45
1
2

27 10 3 j 6 106
- j106
( 6 + j27 10 -3 w)
22
22 w
= 22 w
=
6
10

106
6 + j(27mw )

6 + jw 27m 22 w
22 w2

j27 10 3
- j 36 106
22
w22

106
w 27m 22 w2

w = 1278
1278
w
Hz =
= 203 Hz
f =
2p
2p

V1 = Vs - V2 = 7.68 47 - 7.5135 = 159


. 125
9. (B) vin = 32 + (14 - 10) 2 = 5

- 45 V

10. (C) I1 = 744 - 118 mA,

cos (2 t - 45 ) V

I 2 = 540 100 mA

4. (D) Z = 9 + j( 3)(5) +

I = I1 + I 2 = 744 - 118 + 540.5 100

-j
= 9 + j11
(50m) (5)

= 460 - 164
i( t) = 460 cos ( 3t - 164 ) mA

Z = 14.2150.71 W
( 8 0)( 4 - 90 )
VC =
= 2. 25 140.71 V
14. 2150.71

11. (A)

2 45 =

VC
V - 20 0
+ C
- j4
j5 + 10

vC ( t) = 2. 25 cos (5 t - 140.71 ) V

j50

10 0
10 0
1
5. (B) Va =
V
=
1
1
1
105
. + j0.4
+
+
1 - j2 4 + j 8
I=

= 0

8. (C) Vs = 7.68 47 V, V2 = 7.5135

-j
3. (A) Z = 5 +
= 5 - j5 = 5 5 - 45
(0.1)(2)
VC =

Networks

245 A
o

+
-j4

Va
10 0
=
= 1 - 84. 23 A
4 + j 8 1 + j10
1W

Va

100 V

200 V
o

Fig. S1.7.11
4W
I

VC

10 W

-j2

j8

(1 + j)( - j 4)(10 + j5) = VC (10 + j5 - j 4) + j 8

60 - j100 = VC (10 + j)

VC = 11.6 - 64.7

12. (D) X = X L + X C = 0
Fig. S1.7.5

i( t) = cos (2 t - 84.23 ) A
6. (D) w = 2 p 10 10 3 = 2 p 10 4
-j
1
Y = j(1m )(2 p 10 4 ) +
+
4
(160m )(2 p 10 ) 36
= 0.0278 - j0.0366 S
1
Z=
= 1316
. + j17.33 W
Y

Page
68

So reactive power drawn from the source is zero.


13. (B) Z1 Z 4 = Z 3Z 2
300 Z 4 = ( 300 - j 600)(200 + j100)
Z 4 = 400 - j 300
14. (A) R - C causes a positive phase shift in voltage
Z =|Z |q , -90 < q < 0 ,
I=

V
V
=
-q
Z |Z |

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Sinusoidal Steady State Analysis

120 15
- 6 30
40 + j20
15. (C) Vo =
= 124 - 154
1
1
1
+
+
40 + j20 - j 30 50

20. (B) Let Vo be the voltage across current source


Vo - 4 Vx Vo - Vx
+
=3
20
j10
Vo(20 + j10) - (20 + j 40) Vx = j 600
Vo(20)
V
Vx =

Vo = x (2 + j)
20 + j10
2

16. (C) 10 sin ( t + 30 ) = 10 cos ( t - 60 )


10 - 60 20 - 45
+
j
3
Vo =
1
1
1
+
+
j -j 3

(2 + j)(20 + j10)

Vx =
- 20(1 + j2) = j 600
2

j 600
Vx =
= 29. 22 - 166
-5 - j20

= 30 - 150 +20 - 45
. - 112 V
Vo = 315

10-60 V

j V - V2
21. (A) I1 = V3 + 3
= j0.1V2 + j0.4 V3
j10
2

3W

j1

-j1 W

Vo

= (0.190 )(0.757 66.7 ) + (0.4 90 )(0.606 - 69.8 )

20-45 V
o

I1 = 0.196 35.6

22. (A)
Fig. S.1.7.16

1W

50 V
o

1W

10-30 V
o

120 V
o

-j0.25 W

j4

2W

I1

Vo

I2

2W

( 8 + j15) I1 - ( 4 - j) I 2 = 20 0
j
j
-10 - 30 = I 2 (1 + j 4 + 1 - ) - I1 (1 - )
4
4
( 4 - j) I1 - ( 8 + j15) I 2 = 40 - 30

...(i)

20o A

Fig. P1.7.23

...(ii)
12 0 = I1 ( - j 3 + 2 + 2) + 8 90 -4 0

= (20 0)( 8 + j15) - ( 40 - 30 )( 4 - j)

I1 ( -176 + j248) = 41.43 + j 414.64

. + j0.64 + j 4) = 11.65 52.82 V


Vo = 2( 352

. - j0.9 = 1.37 - 4107


.
I1 = 103

. + j0.64
I1 = 352

24. (D) I 2 = 30 A , I 4 - I 3 = 6 0 A

( 8 + j15)(103
. - j0.9) - 20 0
18. (B) I 2 =
4-j
= -0.076 + j2.04

2W

I1 [( 8 + j15) - ( 4 - j) ]
2

490 V

Fig. S.1.7.17

Vo = 5.65 - 75

-j3

I2

23. (D) I 2 = 4 90 , I 3 = 2 0

j4

1W
I1

Vo Vo - 3Vo
+
= 4 - 30
2
j4

Vo(0.5 + j0.5) = 3.46 - j2

j
j

17. (C) 5 0 = I1 j 4 + 1 + 1 - - I 2 1 -
4
4

j4

Chap 1.7

Io

I 2 = 2.04 92.13

1590o V

2W

I2

-j4

j2

30o A

19. (B) 10 30 = 4 I1 - 0.5 I x + ( - j2) I x


( - j2) I x = ( I1 - I x ) j 3, I1 =
4

10 30 = - 0.5 - j2 I x
3

Ix
3

1W

Ix =

10 30
2.17 - 67.38

I3

60 A
I4
o

1W

Fig. S.1.7.24

I 3(1) + ( I 3 - I o)( - j 4) + ( I 4 + I 2 )( j2) + I 4 = 0


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69

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

I 3 + ( I 3 - I o)( - j 4) + ( I 3 + 6 0 +30 )( j2) + I 3 + 60 = 0


I 3(2 - j2) + I o( j 4) = -18 j - 6
-I ( j2) - 3 - 9 j
I3 = o
(1 - j)

S2 = 20 + j

15 90 = ( I o + 30 )(2) + ( I o - I 3)( - j 4)

VTH =

|V |2
(120) 2
=
= 72 + j144 VA
Z*
40 - j 80

20
sin (cos -1 (0.8)) = 20 + j15
0.8

S = VoI * = 6 Vo

( j10)( 8 - j5)
=
= 9 + j 4.4
8 + j10 - j5

S=

|V |2
(210) 2
=
*
Z
30 - j157

...(i)

Apparent power =|S |=

...(ii)

35. (D) Z = 4 +

300 I 2 = 3V1 , V1 = ( - j 300)( I1 - I 2 )


I 2 = - j 3( I1 - I 2 )

3I1 = ( 3 + j) I 2

Solving (i) and (ii) I 2 = 12.36 - 16 mA

36. (A)

q = 25.84

3V
4 1

-j1.5

Fig. S.1.7.36

I1 = 136.9
(136.9 )(10 0 )
S=
= 5 - 36.9
2

S = 4129.8 - j2000
29. (A) Q = S sin q

1W

Q
2000
=
= 4588.6 VA
sin q sin 25.84

P = S cos q = 4129.8,

V1 = 4 36.9 ,

+ V1

I1
o

S=

4W

100 V

= 275.6 VA

( - j2)( j5 - j2)
- j2 + j5 - j2

10 - V1
V1 3
+ V1 =
4
4
1 - j15
.

27. (C) S = P - jQ = 269 - j150 VA

Q = S sin q

30 2 + 152 2

pf = cos 56.31 = 0.555 leading

-2 V1 - V1 = 0 V1 = 0
9 0
I sc =
= 15 0 mA
600
311
. - 16
V
Z TH = oc =
= 247 - 16 W
I sc 15 0 10 -3

(210) 2

= 4 - j 6 = 7.21 - 56.31,

. - 16
Voc = 300 I 2 = 371

28. (D) pf = cos q = 0.9

Vo = 7.132.29

34. (B) Z = 30 + j(0.5)(2 p)(50) = 30 + j157,

( 32 0 )( j10)
= 339
. 58 V
8 + j10 - j5

26 (D) ( 600 - j 300) I1 + j 300 I 2 = 9

16
sin (cos -1 (0.9)) = 16 + j7.75
0.9

S = S1 + S2 = 36 + j2.75 = 42.59 32.29

j15 = 2 I o + 6 + ( j 4)( 3 - j 6)

25. (A) Z TH

32. (A) S =

33. (A) S1 = 16 + j

I3 = Io + 3 - j6

Networks

sin q =

Q 45
or
=
S 60

q = 48.59 ,

pf = cos 36.9 = 0.8 leading


37. (A) (2 - 90 ) 4.8 = - I x ( 4.8 + j192
. ) + 0.6 I x ( 8)

P = S cos q = 39.69,

Ix

j1.92

Va

S = 39.69 + j 45 VA
4.8 W

|V |2 (220 2 )
30. (B) S = rms =
= 1210
|Z |
40

1.6Ix
(290o)4.8 V

P 1000
cos q = =
= 0.8264 or q = 34.26 ,
S 1210

Fig. S.1.7.37

Q = S sin q = 68125,
.
S = 1000 + j 68125
. VA
*
31. (C) S = Vrms I rms
= (2120 )( 8.5 50 )

I x = 5 0 ,
Va = 0.6 5 8 = 24 0 ,
1
Pave = 24 1.6 5 = 96
2

= 61 + j167.7 VA
Page
70

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8W

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Sinusoidal Steady State Analysis

38. (A) Z TH =
VTH =

( - j10)(10 + j15)
= 8 - j14 W
10 + j15 - j10

120( - j10)
= 107.3 - 116.6 V
10 + j5

40. (B) Va =

I aA
3

( q + 30 ) = 16.22 1.34 A rms

= 207.8 40 Vrms
46. (B) |S |= 3VL I L
ZY =

( - j 40)( 80 + j100)
= 12.8 - j 49.6 W
80 + j 60

400

45. (D) I AB =

V AB = I AB Z D = (16. 22 1.340 )(10 + j 8)

107.3 - 116.6
IL =
= 6.7 - 116.6
16
1
PLmax = ( 6.7) 2 8 = 180 W
2
39. (B) Z TH =

Chap 1.7

208
10 3

IL =

3600
208 3

= 10 A rms

25 = 12 25 = 10.88 + j5.07 W

********

- 30 = 231 - 30 V

Vb = 231 - 150 V, Vc = 231 - 270 V


41. (C) For the acb sequence
Vab = Va - Vb = Vp 0 - Vp 120

1
3
400 = Vp 1 + - j
2
2

400
Vp =
30
3

= Vp 3 - 30

Va = Vp 0 = 23130 V,
Vb = Vp 120 = 231150 V
Vc = Vp 240 = 231 - 90 V
42. (B) V A = 277 ( 45 -120 ) = 277 - 75 V
VB = 277 ( 45 + 120 ) = 277 165 V
V AB = V A - VB = 480 - 45 V
43. (C) Z A = 6 ||12 = 4,
IP =

480
= 120 A rms
4

I L = 3I P = 208 A rms
44 (B) I =

I aA (10 + j 4)
= 10 20
(10 + j 4) + ( 4 + j 4)
IaA

Iac

Iab
Ibc

IbB
b

icC

Fig. S.1.7.44

I aA = 15 - 27.9 A rms
|I |
I ab = - aA ( q + 30 ) = 8.67 - 122.1 A rms
3
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71

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

CHAPTER

1.8
CIRCUIT ANALYSIS IN THE S-DOMAIN

s2 + 1
s2 + 2 s + 1
2 s2 + 1
(C) 2
s + 2s + 2

1. Z ( s) = ?

2( s 2 + 1)
( s + 1) 2
s2 + 1
(D)
3s + 2

(A)
1F

2H

Z(s)

1W

1W

(B)

4. Z ( s) = ?

1W

Z(s)

1H

1W

s 2 + 3s + 1
s( s + 1)
2 s 2 + 3s + 1
(D)
2 s( s + 1)
(B)

Fig. P1.8.1

s 2 + 15
. s+1
(A)
s( s + 1)
2 s 2 + 3s + 2
(C)
s( s + 1)

0.5 F

Fig. P1.8.4

2. Z ( s) = ?

3s 2 + 8 s + 7
s(5 s + 6)
3s 2 + 7 s + 6
(C)
s(5 s + 6)

s(5 s + 6)
3s 2 + 8 s + 7
s(5 s + 6)
(D)
3s 2 + 7 s + 6
(B)

(A)
1F
Z(s)

1W

1H

1W

5. The s-domain equivalent of the circuit of Fig.P1.8.5. is


t=0

Fig. P1.8.2

s + s+1
s( s + 1)
s( s + 1)
(C)
2 s2 + s + 1

2s + s + 1
s( s + 1)
s( s + 1)
(D) 2
s + s+1

3W

(A)

(B)

6V

3F

+
vC

Fig. P1.8.5

3. Z ( s) = ?

3W

3W
+
1
3s

1H
Z(s)

2W
1F

Fig. P1.8.3

6 V
s

(A)
(C) Both A and B

Page
72

1
3s

VC(s)

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+
VC(s)
-

(B)
(D) None of these

2A

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Circuit Analysis in the s-Domain

Chap 1.8

6. The sdomain equivalent of the circuit shown in Fig.

9. For the network shown in fig. P1.8.9 voltage ratio

P1.8.6 is

transfer function G12 is


t=0

+
12 W

2A

2H

1H

1H

1F

1F

vL
v1

1F

1F

1F

+
v2
-

Fig. P1.8.6
Fig. P1.8.9

(A)

(B)
+

(A)

( s 2 + 2)
5 s + 5 s2 + 1

(B)

s2 + 1
5 s + 5 s2 + 1

(C)

( s 2 + 2) 2
5 s4 + 5 s2 + 1

(D)

( s 2 + 1) 2
5 s4 + 5 s2 + 1

2s
12 W

12 W

VL

2A
s

VL

2s

4V
-

(C) Both A and B

10. For the network shown in fig. P1.8.10, the


admittance transfer function is

(D) None of these

Y12 =
Statement for Q.7-8:

K ( s + 1)
( s + 2)( s + 4)

3
W
2

The circuit is as shown in fig. P1.8.78. Solve the

i1

problem and choose correct option.

i2

1W

+
+

is

1W

1H

io

v1

+
vs

1F

1F

1W

2F

2F

Fig. P1.8.10

The value of K is
(A) -3

V ( s)
7. H1 ( s) = o
=?
Vs ( s)

(C)

(A) s( s3 + 2 s2 + 3s + 1) -1

(B) 3

1
3

(D) -

1
3

11. In the circuit of fig. P1.8.11 the switch is in position

(B) ( s 3 + 3s 2 + 2 s + 1) -1

1 for a long time and thrown to position 2 at t = 0. The

(C) ( s 3 + 2 s 2 + 3s + 2) -1

equation for the loop currents I1 ( s) and I 2 ( s) are

(D) s( s 3 + 3s 2 + 2 s2 + 2) -1

1F

I o( s)
=?
Vs ( s)

t=0

12 V

(A)

-s
( s + 3s + 2 s + 1)

(B) -( s 3 + 3s 2 + 2 s + 1) -1

(C)

-s
3
2
( s + 2 s + 3s + 1)

(D) ( s 3 + 2 s 2 + 3s + 2) -1

v2

Fig. P1.8.78

vo

8. H 2 ( s) =

1W

i1

3H

2W
i2
1F

Fig. P1.8.11

2 + 3s + s
(A)
-3s

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- 3s
1
2+
s

12
I1 ( s) s
I ( s) =
2 0

Page
73

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

2 + 3s + s
(B)
-3s

- 3s
1
2+
s

12
I1 ( s) - s

I ( s) =
2 0

-3s
2 + 3s + s
(C)
2 + 3s +
-3s

12

I1 ( s) - s
=

1 I 2 ( s)
0

-3s
2 + 3s + s
(D)
2 + 3s +
-3s

12
I1 ( s) s
=
1 I 2 ( s)

0
s

Networks

3F

S1
-

4F

Va
+

5V

10 V

2F

1V

S2

+
6V

5V

Fig. P1.8.14

(A)

9
t

(B) 9e - t V

(C) 9 V

(D) 0 V

15. A unit step current of 1 A is applied to a network


whose driving point impedance is

12. In the circuit of fig. P1.8.12 at terminal ab

The steady state and initial values of the voltage

4 A

+
Vo(s)
-

2W

(s+1)

developed across the source would be respectively

2Vo(s)

(A)

3
4

(C)

3
4

V, I V

1
4

V,

3
4

(D) 1 V,

3
4

(B)

V, 0 V

16. In the circuit of Fig. P1.8.16 i(0) = 1 A, vC (0) = 8

Fig. P1.8.12

V and v1 = 2 e -2 10 t u( t). The i( t) is

(A) VTH ( s) =

-8( s + 2)
-(2 s + 1)
, Z TH ( s) =
3s( s + 1)
3s

(B) VTH ( s) =

8( s + 2)
(2 s + 1)
, Z TH ( s) =
3s( s + 1)
3s

(C) VTH ( s) =

4( s + 3)
(2 s + 1)
, Z TH ( s) =
3s( s + 1)
6s

50 W

1m H

2.5 mF

v1

+
vC

Fig. P1.8.16
4

-4( s + 3)
-(2 s + 1)
(D) VTH ( s) =
, Z TH ( s) =
3s( s + 1)
6s

(A)

1
15

[10 e-10

(B)

1
15

[ -10 e -10

13. In the circuit of fig. P1.8.13 just before the closing of

(C) 13 [10 e-10

switch at t = 0, the initial conditions are known to be

(D) 13 [ -10 e -10

V ( s) ( s + 3)
=
I ( s) ( s + 2) 2

Z ( s) =

Thevenin equivalent is

vC1 (0 ) = 1 V, vC2 (0 ) = 0. The voltage vC1 ( t) is

- 3e-2 10

t
4

- 22 e-4 10 t ]u( t) A

+ 3e -2 10

+ 3e-2 10

+ 22 e -4 10 t ]u( t) A
4

+ 22 e-4 10 t ]u( t) A

+ 3e -2 10

- 22 e -4 10 t ]u( t) A

17. In the circuit shown in Fig. P1.8.18 v(0 - ) = 8 V and


+
vC1
-

iin ( t) = 4d( t). The vC ( t) for t 0 is

t=0
1F

1F

+
vC2
-

iin

50 W

20 mF

Fig. P1.8.13

(A) u( t) V
(C) 0.5 e

-t

(B) 0.5 u( t) V
V

Fig. P1.8.17

(D) e - t V
-

14. The initial condition at t = 0 of a switched capacitor

(A) 164e- t V

(B) 208e- t V

(C) 208(1 - e -3t ) V

(D) 164 e -3t V

circuit are shown in Fig. P1.8.14. Switch S1 and S2 are


closed at t = 0. The voltage va ( t) for t > 0 is
Page
74

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vC

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Circuit Analysis in the s-Domain

18. The driving point impedance Z ( s) of a network has

Chap 1.8

The steady state voltage across capacitor is

the pole zero location as shown in Fig. P1.8.18. If

(A) 6 V

(B) 0 V

Z(0) = 3, the Z ( s) is

(C)

(D) 2 V

jw

23.

-3

transformed

VC ( s) =
-1

4( s + 3)
s2 + s + 1

(B)

2( s + 3)
(C) 2
s + 2s + 2

2( s + 3)
2
s + 2s + 2

4( s + 3)
(D) 2
s + s+2

20 s + 6
(10 s + 3)( s + 4)
(B) - 0.12 mA

(C) 0.48 mA

(D) - 0.48 mA

24. The current through an 4 H inductor is given by


I L ( s) =

The circuit is as shown in the fig. P1.8.1921. All


initial conditions are zero.
io

1H

60 mF

the

(A) 0.12 mA

Statement for Q.19-21:

iin

across

The initial current through capacitor is

Fig. P1.8.18

(A)

voltage

capacitor is given by

-1

The

1W

1F

10
s( s + 2)

The initial voltage across inductor is


(A) 40 V

(B) 20 V

(C) 10 V

(D) 5 V

25. The amplifier network shown in fig. P1.8.25

1W

is stable if
4W

1F

1H

Fig. P1.8.1921

19.

I o( s)
=?
I in ( s)

(A)

( s + 1)
2s

+
+
v1 Amplifier v
2
gain=K
-

2W

(B) 2 s( s + 1) -1

(C) ( s + 1) s -1

Fig.P1.8.25

(D) s( s + 1) -1
(A) K 3

20. If iin ( t) = 4d( t) then io( t) will be

(C) K

(A) 4d( t) - e- t u( t) A
(B) 4 d( t) - 4 e- t u( t) A

(B) K 3

1
3

(D) K

1
3

26. The network shown in fig. P1.8.26 is stable if

(C) 4 e - t u( t) - 4 d( t) A

2F

1W

(D) e - t u( t) - d( t) A

21. If iin ( t) = tu( t) then io( t) will be


(A) e - t u( t) A

(B) (1 - e - t ) u( t) A

(C) u( t) A

(D) (2 - e - t ) u( t) A

Kv2

1W

1F

v2
-

Fig.P1.8.26

22. The voltage across 200 mF capacitor is given by


VC ( s) =

2s + 6
s( s + 3)

5
2
2
(C) K
5
(A) K

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5
2
2
(D) K
5
(B) K

Page
75

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

27. A circuit has a transfer function with a pole s = - 4


and a zero which may be adjusted in position as s = - a
The response of this system to a step input has a term
of form Ke -4 t . The K will be
a

(A) H 1 -
4

(H= scale factor)


a

(B) H 1 +
4

(C) H 4 -
4

(D) H 4 +
4

io( t) = 2 sin 2 t u( t) A. The circuit had no internal stored


energy at t = 0. The admittance transfer function is
2
s
(A)
(B)
s
2
(D)

31. The current ratio transfer function

Io
is
Is

(A)

s( s + 4)
s + 3s + 4

(B)

s( s + 4)
( s + 1)( s + 3)

(C)

s 2 + 3s + 4
s( s + 4)

(D)

( s + 1)( s + 3)
s( s + 4)

32. The response is

28. A circuit has input vin ( t) = cos 2 t u( t) V and output

(C) s

Networks

1
s

(A) Over damped

(B) Under damped

(C) Critically damped

(D) cant be determined

33. If input is is 2u( t) A, the output current io is


(A) (2 e - t - 3te -3t ) u( t) A

(B) ( 3te - t - e -3t ) u( t) A

(C) ( 3e - t - e -3t ) u( t) A

(D) ( e -3t - 3e - t ) u( t) A

34. In the network of Fig. P1.8.34, all initial condition


are zero. The damping exhibited by the network is

29. A two terminal network consists of a coil having an


inductance L and resistance R shunted by a capacitor

1F
4

C. The poles of the driving point impedance function Z


of this network are at - 12 j

3
2

and zero at -1. If

Z(0) = 1 the value of R, L, C are


1
(A) 3 W, 3 H, F
3

2H

vs

2W

vo
-

1
(B) 2 W, 2 H, F
2
Fig. P1.8.34

1
(C) 1 W, 2 H, F
2

(D) 1 W, 1 H, 1 F

(A) Over damped


(B) Under damped

30. The current response of a network to a unit step


input is

(C) Critically damped


(D) value of voltage is requires

10( s + 2)
Io = 2
s ( s + 11s + 30)

35. The voltage response of a network to a unit step


input is

The response is
(A) Under damped

(B) Over damped

(C) Critically damped

(D) None of the above

Vo( s) =

10
s( s 2 + 8 s + 16)

The response is
Statement for Q.31-33:

(A) under damped

(B) over damped

(C) critically damped

(D) cant be determined

The circuit is shown in fig. P1.8.31-33.


36. The response of an initially relaxed circuit to a
1H

io

signal vs is e -2 t u( t). If the signal is changed to vs +


, the response would be

1F

is

4W

(A) 5 e -2 t u( t)

(B) -3e -2 t u( t)

(C) 4 e -2 t u( t)

(D) -4 e -2 t u( t)

Fig. P1.8.31-33
Page
76

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2 dvs
dt

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Circuit Analysis in the s-Domain

37. Consider the following statements in the circuit


shown in fig. P1.8.37
i

4W

2H

1W

10 V

1F

+
vC

42. The network function

(B) RL admittance

(C) LC impedance function

(D) LC admittance

43. A valid immittance function is


( s + 4)( s + 8)
s( s + 1)
(A)
(B)
( s + 2)( s - 5)
( s + 2)( s + 5)
s( s + 2)( s + 3)
( s + 1)( s + 4)

(C)
1. It is a first order circuit with steady state value of
10
5
, i= A
vC =
3
3
2. It is a second order circuit with steady state of
vC = 2 V , i = 2 A
V ( s)
has one pole.
I ( s)

4. The network function

V ( s)
has two poles.
I ( s)

(D)

44. The network function

(B) 1 and 4

(C) 2 and 3

(D) 2 and 4

38. The network function

(B) RC admittance

(C) LC admittance

(D) Above all

Z ( s) =

3W

s 2 + 10 s + 24
represent a
s 2 + 8 s + 15

1F

(D) None of the above

(C) LC impedance

(D) None of these

3W

8F

1F

(A)

(B)

1F

1W

1H

1F

s( 3s + 8)
40. The network function
represents an
( s + 1)( s + 3)

1W

3W

(C)

(A) RL admittance

(B) RC impedance

(C) RC admittance

(D) None of the above

41. The network function

1W

s( s + 4)
represents
( s + 1)( s + 2)( s + 3)
(B) RL impedance

1W

1F

(C) LC impedance

(A) RC impedance

3( s + 2)( s + 4)
s( s + 3)

The network for this function is

(B) RL impedance

an

s 2 + 8 s + 15
is a
s2 + 6 s + 8

45. A impedance function is given as

(A) RC admittance

39. The network function

s( s + 2)( s + 6)
( s + 1)( s + 4)

(A) RLadmittance

The true statements are


(A) 1 and 3

s2 + 7 s + 6
is a
s+2

(A) RL impedance function

Fig. P1.8.37

3. The network function

Chap 1.8

( s + 1)( s + 4)
is a
s( s + 2)( s + 5)

1H

3W

(D)

************

(A) RL impedance function


(B) RC impedance function
(C) LC impedance function
(D) Above all

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77

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

18. (B) Z ( s) =

K ( s + 3)
K ( s + 3)
= 2
( s - ( -1 + j))( s - (1 - j)) s + 2 s + 2

3K
Z (0) =
=3
2

I ( s)
19. (D) o
=
I in ( s)

26. (B) Let v1 be the node voltage of middle node


V1 ( s) =

K =2
s
s+1

s
1
+
s+1 s+1

4s
4
=4s+1
s+1

s
s+1

(2 s + 1) V2 ( s) = 2 sV1 ( s)
( 3s + 1)(2 s + 1) = 2 s(2 s + K )
2 s 2 + (5 - 2 K ) s + 1 = 0,
5
5 - 2 K > 0, K <
2

io( t) = 4 d( t) - 4 e - t u( t)

H ( s + a)
s+4

27. (A) H ( s) =

1
,
s2
1
1
1
I o( s) =
= s( s + 1) s s + 1
21. (B) I in ( s) =

H 1 -
H ( s + a) Ha
4
R( s) =
=
+
s( s + 4)
4s
s+4

io( t) = u( t) - e - t u( t) = (1 - e - t ) u( t)
22. (D) vC ( ) = lim sVC ( s) = lim
s 0

KV2 ( s) + 2 sV2 ( s)
1 + 2s + s

( 3s + 1) V1 ( s) = (2 s + K ) V2 ( s)
2 sV1 ( s)
V2 ( s) =
2s + 1

20. (B) I in ( s) = 4
I o( s) =

Networks

s 0

r ( t) =

2s + 6
=2 V
s+3

Ha
a

u( t) + H 1 - e - 4 t
4
4

28. (A) Vin ( s) =


23. (D) vC (0 + ) = lim sVC ( s)=
s

CdvC
iC =
dt

s(20 s + 6)
=2 V
(10 s + 3)( s + 4)

I C ( s) = C[ sVC ( s) - vC (0 )]

s(20 s + 6)
-480 10 -6 (10 s + 3)
= 60 10 -6
- 2 =
10 s 2 + 43s + 12
(10 s + 3)( s + 4)

R
1
1
s +
C
L

sC =
29. (D) Z ( s) =
R
1
1
s2 +
sL + R +
+
L LC
sC
K ( s + 1)
K ( s + 1)
Z ( s) =
= 2
(
s
+ s + 1)

1
3
1
3
s + + j
s + - j

2
2
2
2

( sL + R)

iC (0 + ) = lim sI C ( s) = - 480 10 -6 = - 0.48 mA

I o( s) 2
s
2
, I o( s) = 2
,
=
s2 + 1
s + 1 Vin ( s) s

d iL
VL ( s) = L [ sI L ( s) - iL (0 + )]
dt
10
iL (0 + ) = lim sI L ( s) =
=0
s
s+2

24. (A) vL = L

VL ( s) =

s 40
= 40
s+2

25. (A) V2 ( s) = KV1 ( s)


V1 ( s) V1 ( s) - KV1 ( s)
+
=0
1
2
4+s+
s
1
4 + s + + 2 - 2K = 0
s

s2 + ( 6 - 2 K ) s + 1 = 0

(6 - 2K ) > 0

Page
80

1
Cs
R

40 s
40
=
s( s + 2) s + 2

vL (0 + ) = lim sVL ( s) =

sL
Z(s)

Fig. S1.8.29

Since Z (0) = 1, thus K = 1


1
R
1
= 1,
= 1,
=1
C
L
LC

C = 1, L = 1, R = 1

30. (B) The characteristic equation is


s 2 ( s 2 + 11s + 30) = 0

s 2 ( s + 6) ( s + 5) =0

s = -6, - 5, Being real and unequal, it is overdamped.

K <3

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GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Circuit Analysis in the s-Domain

31. (B)

Io
s+4
s( s + 4)
=
=
3
Is s + 4 +
( s + 1)( s + 3)
s

39. (D) Poles and zero does not interlace on negative


real axis so it is not a immittance function.

32. (A) The characteristic equation is ( s + 1) ( s + 3) = 0.


Being real and unequal root, it is overdamped response.
33. (C) is = 2 u( t)
I o ( s) =

40. (C) The singularity nearest to origin is a zero. So it


may be RL impedance or RC

admittance function.

Because of (D) option it is required to check that it is a


valid RC

2
I s ( s) =
s

Chap 1.8

admittance function. The poles and zeros

interlace along the negative real axis. The residues of


YRC ( s)
are real and positive.
s

2( s + 4)
3
1
=
( s + 1)( s + 3)
s+1 s+ 3

io = ( 3e- t - e-3t ) u( t) A

41. (B) The singularity nearest to origin is a pole. So it


may be RC impedance or RL admittance function.

V ( s)
2
1
34. (B) o
=
= 2
4
Vs ( s)
+ 2s + 2 s + s + 2
s

42. (A)

The roots are imaginary so network is underdamped.

s 2 + 7 s + 6 ( s + 1)( s + 6)
=
s+2
( s + 2)

The singularity nearest to origin is at zero. So it may be

35. (C) The characteristic equation is

RC admittance or RL impedance function.

s( s 2 + 8 s + 16) = 0, ( s + 4) 2 = 0, s = -4, - 4

43. (D)

Being real and repeated root, it is critically damped.

(A) pole lie on positive real axis

36. (B) vo = e -2 t u( t)
vs = vs +

2 dvs
dt

Vo( s) = H ( s) Vs ( s) =

(B) poles and zero does not interlace on axis.

1
s+2

(C) poles and zero does not interlace on axis.


(D) is a valid immittance function.

Vs( s) = (1 + 2 s) Vs ( s)

44. (A)

Vo( s) = H ( s) Vs( s) = (1 + 2 s) Vs ( s) H ( s)
Vo( s) =

1 + 2s
3
=2 s+2
s+2

vo = 2 d( s) - 3e -2 t u( t)

The singularity nearest to origin is a pole. So it may be


a RL admittance or RC impedance function.

37. (C) It is a second order circuit. In steady state


i=

10
=2 A , v =2 1 =2 V
4+1

I ( s) =

10
2s + 4 +

V ( s) =

1
1
1+ s
2

10
1
1+ s
2
1
(2 s + 4) +
1
1+ s
2

s 2 + 8 s + 15 ( s + 3) ( s + 5)
=
s 2 + 6 s + 8 ( s + 2) ( s + 4)

45. (A) The singularity nearest to origin is a pole. So


this is RC impedance function.
8
1
8
13
Z ( s) = 3 + +
=3+ +
s s+3
s 1+ s
3

5( s + 2)
( s + 2) 2 + 1

**************

10
( s + 2) 2 + 1

V ( s)
2
, It has one pole at s = -2
=
I ( s) s + 2
38. (D)

s 2 + 10 s + 24 ( s + 4)( s + 6)
=
s 2 + 8 s + 15 ( s + 3)( s + 5)

The singularity near to origin is pole. So it may be RC


impedance or RL admittance function.

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Page
81

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

CHAPTER

1.9
MAGNETICALLY COUPLED CIRCUITS

4. If i1 = e -2 t V and i2 = 0, the voltage v2 is

Statement for Q.1-2:


In the circuit of fig. P1.9.1-2 i1 = 4 sin 2 t A, and
i2 = 0.
i2

i1
1H

+
2H

v1

(A) -6 e -2 t V

(B) 6 e -2 t V

(C) 15
. e -2 t V

(D) -15
. e -2 t V

Statement for Q.5-6:


Consider the circuit shown in fig. P19.5-6

v2

1H

i2

i1

2H

Fig. P1.9.1-2
v1

2H

3H

v2

1. v1 = ?
(A) -16 cos 2 t V

(B) 16 cos 2 t V

(C) 4 cos 2 t V

(D) -4 cos 2 t V

Fig. P1.9.5-6

5. If current i1 = 3 cos 4 t A and i2 = 0, then voltage v1 and

2. v2 = ?
(A) 2 cos 2 t V

(B) -2 cos 2 t V

v2 are

(C) 8 cos 2 t V

(D) -8 cos 2 t V

(A) v1 = -24 sin 4 t V,

v2 = -24 sin 4 t V

(B) v1 = 24 sin 4 t V,

v2 = -36 sin 4 t V

(C) v1 = 15
. sin 4 t V,

v2 = sin 4 t V

(D) v1 = -15
. sin 4 t V,

v2 = -sin 4 t V

Statement for Q.3-4:


Consider the circuit shown in Fig. P1.9.3-4
i2

i1
3H

+
v1

3H

+
4H

v2
-

Fig. P1.9.5-6

3. If i1 = 0 and i2 = 2 sin 4 t A, the voltage v1 is

Page
82

(A) 24 cos 4 t V

(B) -24 cos 4 t V

(C) 15
. cos 4 t V

(D) -15
. cos 4 t V

6. If current i1 = 0 and i2 = 4 sin 3t A, then voltage v1 and


v2 are
(A) v1 = 24 cos 3t V,

v2 = 36 cos 3t V

(B) v1 = 24 cos 3t V,

v2 = -36 cos 3t V

(C) v1 = -24 cos 3t V,

v2 = 36 cos 3t V

(D) v1 = -24 cos 3t V,

v2 = -36 cos 3t V

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Magnetically Coupled Circuits

Statement for Q.7-8:

Chap 1.9

12. Leq = ?

In the circuit shown in fig. P1.9.7-8, i1 = 3 cos 3t A

3.6 H

and i2 = 4 sin 3t A.

Leq
1H

+
v1

1H

i2

i1

2H

1.4 H

+
v2

2H

Fig. P1.9.12

(A) 4 H

(B) 6 H

(C) 7 H

(D) 0 H

Fig. P1.9.7-8

7. v1 = ?
(A) 6( -2 cos t + 3 sin t) V

(B) 6( 2 cos t + 3 sin t) V

(C) -6(2 cos t + 3 sin t) V

(D) 6(2 cos t - 3 sin t) V

13. Leq = ?
4H
Leq

2H

8. v2 = ?

2H

(A) 3( 8 cos 3t - 3 sin t) V

(B) 6(2 cos t + 3 sin t) V

(C) 3( 8 cos 3t + 3 sin 3t) V

(D) 6(2 cos t - 3 sin t) V

Statement for Q.9-10:


In the circuit shown in fig. P1.9.9-10, i1 = 5 sin 3t A
and i2 = 3 cos 3t A
3H

(A) 2 H

(B) 4 H

(C) 6 H

(D) 8 H

14. Leq = ?

i2

i1

Fig. P1.9.13

4H

+
Leq

v1

3H

v2

4H

6H

4H

Fig. P1.9.14

Fig. P1.9.9-10

9. v1 =?
(A) 9(5 cos 3t + 3 sin 3t) V

(B) 9(5 cos 3t - 3 sin 3t) V

(C) 9( 4 cos 3t + 5 sin 3t) V

(D) 9(5 cos 3t - 3 sin 3t) V

(A) 8 H

(B) 6 H

(C) 4 H

(D) 2 H

15. Leq = ?
2H

10. v2 = ?
(A) 9( -4 sin 3t + 5 cos 3t) V

(B) 9( 4 sin 3t - 5 cos 3t) V

(C) 9( -4 sin 3t - 5 cos 3t) V

(D) 9( 4 sin 3t + 5 cos 3t) V

Leq

11. In the circuit shown in fig. P1.9.11 if current

Fig. P1.9.15

i1 = 5 cos (500 t - 20 ) mA and i2 = 20 cos (500 t - 20 ) mA,


the total energy stored in system at t = 0 is
i2

i1
k=0.6

2H

4H

(A) 0.4 H

(B) 2 H

(C) 1.2 H

(D) 6 H

16. The equivalent inductance of a pair of a coupled


v1

2.5 H

0.4 H

v2

inductor in various configuration are

(a) 7 H after series adding connection

Fig. P1.9.11

(A) 151.14 mJ

(B) 45.24 mJ

(C) 249.44 mJ

(D) 143.46 mJ

(b) 1.8 H after series opposing connection


(c) 0.5 H after parallel connection with dotted
terminal connected together.
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83

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

Networks

20. Leq = ?

The value of L1 , L2 and M are


(A) 3 H, 1.6 H, 1.2 H

(B) 1.6 H, 3 H, 1.4 H

(C) 3.7 H, 0.7 H, 1.3 H

(D) 2 H, 3 H, 3 H

1H
1H
Leq

2H

17. Leq = ?

2H
2H

3H
Leq

2H

4H

Fig. P1.9.20

Fig. P1.9.17

(A) 0.2 H

(B) 1 H

(C) 0.4 H

(D) 2 H

(A) 1 H

(B) 2 H

(C) 3 H

(D) 4 H

21. Leq = ?
4H

18. Leq = ?

Leq

3H
Leq

3H

3H
2H

2H

3H

5H

Fig. P1.9.21

Fig. P1.9.18

41
(A)
H
5

(B)

49
H
5

51
H
5

(D)

39
H
5

(C)

(A) 1 H

(B) 2 H

(C) 3 H

(D) 4 H
Statement for Q.22-24:

19. In the network of fig. P1.9.19 following terminal are

Consider the circuit shown in fig. P1.9.2224.

connected together

(i) none

(ii) A to B

(iii) B to C

(iv) A to C

2H
a

A
2H

3H

6t A
20 H

C
5H

4H

3H

5H

Fig. P1.9.2224
1H

22. The voltage V AG of terminal AD is

Fig. P1.9.19

(A) 60 V

(B) -60 V

(C) 180 V

(D) 240 V

The correct match for equivalent induction seen at


terminal a - b is

Page
84

4H
6H

15t A

23. The voltage vBG of terminal BD is

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(A) 45 V

(B) 33 V

(A)

1 H

0.875 H

0.6 H

0.75 H

(C) 69 V

(D) 105 V

(B)

13 H

0.875 H

0.6 H

0.75 H

(C)

13 H

7.375 H

6.6 H

2.4375 H

(A) 30 V

(B) 0 V

(D)

1 H

7.375 H

6.6 H

2.4375 H

(C) -36 V

(D) 36 V

24. The voltage vCG of terminal CD is

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UNIT 1

Networks

33. In the circuit of fig. P1.9.33 the w = 2 rad s. The

37. In the circuit of fig. P1.9.37 the maximum power

resonance occurs when C is

delivered to RL is

10 W

2H
Zin

1 : 4

4W

2H

2H

100 Vrms

RL

Fig. P1.9.33

(A) 1 F
(C)

1
3

Fig. P1.9.37

(B)

1
2

(D)

1
6

34. In the circuit of fig. P1.9.34, the voltage gain is zero


at w = 333.33 rad s. The value of C is
20 W

vin

0.12 H

(B) 200 W

(C) 150 W

(D) 100 W

38. The average power delivered to the 8 W load in the


circuit of fig. P1.9.38 is

40 W

0.09 H

(A) 250 W

300 W

0.27 H
2F

I1

I2
+

+
vout
-

50 Vrms

+
8W

V1
-

-0.04V2

Fig. P1.9.34

5 : 1

Fig. P1.9.38

(A) 100 mF

(B) 75 mF

(A) 8 W

(B) 1.25 kW

(C) 50 mF

(D) 25 mF

(C) 625 kW

(D) 2.50 kW

35. In the circuit of fig. P1.9.35 at w = 333.33 rad s, the

39. In the circuit of fig. P1.9.39 the ideal source supplies

voltage gain vout vin is zero. The value of C is

1000 W, half of which is delivered to the 100 W load. The

value of a and b are

20 W

4W

40 W
k=0.5

vin

0.12 H

25 W
1 : a

+
0.27 H

20 W

100 Vrms

vout

1 : b

100 W

Fig. P1.9.39

Fig. P1.9.35

(A) 3.33 mF

(B) 33.33 mF

(C) 3.33 mF

(D) 33.33 mF

36. The Thevenin equivalent at terminal ab for the

(A) 6, 0.47

(B) 5, 0.89

(C) 0.89, 5

(D) 0.47, 6

40. I 2 = ?
25 W

network shown in fig. P1.9.36 is


60 W

I2

2W

3 : 1

1 : 4

50 Vrms

4 : 3

3W

20Ix

20 W

Fig. P1.9.40

Ix
b

Fig. P1.9.36

Page
86

V2
-

(A) 6 V, 10 W

(B) 6 V, 4 W

(C) 0 V, 4 W

(D) 0 V, 10 W

(A) 1.65 A rms

(B) 0.18 A rms

(C) 0.66 A rms

(D) 5.90 A rms

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Magnetically Coupled Circuits

41. V2 = ?

Chap 1.9

SOLUTIONS

50 W
40 W

1. (B) v1 = 2
5 : 2

80 Vrms

10 W

V2

2. (C) v2 = (1)

Fig. P1.9.41

(A) -12.31 V

(B) 12.31 V

(C) -9.231 V

(D) 9.231 V

42. The power being dissipated in 400 W resistor is


1W

di2
di
di
+ (1) 1 = 1 = 8 cos 2 t V
dt
dt
dt

3. (B) v1 = 3

di1
di
di
- 3 2 = - 3 2 = - 24 cos 4 t V
dt
dt
dt

4. (C) v2 = 4

di
di2
di
- 3 1 = - 3 1 = 6 e -2 t V
dt
dt
dt

di1
di
di
- 2 2 = 2 1 = -24 sin 4 t V
dt
dt
dt
di2
di1
di1
v2 = -3
+2
=2
= -24 sin 4 t V
dt
dt
dt
5. (A) v1 = 2

4W
1 : 2

10 Vrms

di1
di
di
+ 1 2 = 2 1 = 16 cos 2 t V
dt
dt
dt

1 : 5

48 W

400 W

di1
di
di
- 2 2 = - 2 2 = - 24 cos 3t V
dt
dt
dt
di
di
di
v2 = 3 2 + 2 1 = -3 2 = -36 cos 3t V
dt
dt
dt
6. (D) v1 = 2

Fig. P1.9.42

(A) 3 W

(B) 6 W

(C) 9 W

(D) 12 W
7. (A) v1 = 2

43. I x = ?
8W

di1
di
+1 2
dt
dt

= -18 sin t + 12 cos t = 6 (2 cos t - 3 sin t) V

10 W
2 : 1

1000 V
o

8. (A) v2 = 2

j6

= 24 cos 3t - 9 sin 3t = 3 ( 8 cos 3t - 3 sin 3t) V

-j4
Ix

9. (A) v1 = 3

Fig. P1.9.43

(A) 1921
.
57.4 A

(B) 2.93159.4 A

(C) 1.68 43.6 A

(D) 179
. 43.6 A

di1
di
-3 2
dt
dt

= 45 cos 3t + 27 sin 3t = 9 (5 cos 3t + 3 sin 3t) V


10. (D) v2 = -4

44. Z in = ?
j16

di2
di
+1 1
dt
dt

6W
1 : 5

= 36 sin 3t + 45 cos 3t = 9 ( 4 sin 3t + 5 cos 3t) V

6W

24 W
4 : 1

Zin

di2
di
+3 1
dt
dt

11. (A) W =
-j10

1
1
L1 i12 + L2 i22 + Mi1 i2
2
2

At t = 0, i1 = 4 cos ( -20 ) = 4.7 mA


i2 = 20 cos ( -20 ) = 18.8 mA ,

Fig. P1.9.44

(A) 46.3 + j 6.8 W

(B) 432.1 + j0.96 W

(C) 10.8 + j9.6 W

(D) 615.4 + j0.38 W


********************

M = 0.6 2.5 0.4 = 0.6


W =

1
1
(2.5)( 4.7) 2 + (0.4)(18.8) 2 + 0.6( 4.7)(18.8)
2
2

= 151.3 mJ
12. (C) Leq = L1 + L2 + 2 M = 7 H
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Page
87

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

UNIT 1

13. (A) Leq = L1 + L2 - 2 M = 4 + 2 - 2 2 = 2 H

Networks

22. (C) v AG = 20

14. (C) Leq =

L1 L2 - M 2
24 - 16
=
=4 H
L1 + L2 - 2 M 6 + 4 - 8

23. (B) vBG = 3

15. (A) Leq =

L1 L2 - M 2
8 -4
=
= 0.4 H
L1 + L2 + 2 M 6 + 4

24. (C) vCG = -6

16. (C) L1 + L2 + 2 M = 7, L1 + L2 - 2 M = 1.8

d( 6 t)
d(15 t)
+4
= 180 V
dt
dt

d(15 t)
d 6( t)
d ( 6 t)
+4
-6
= 33 V
dt
dt
dt
d( 6 t)
= -36 V
dt

25. (B) Z = Z11 +

L1 + L2 = 4.4, M = 1.3

w2 M 2
Z 22
2

L1 L2 - M 2
= 0.5, L1 L2 - 1.32 = 0.5 1.8
L1 + L2 - 2 M

1
(50) 2
1
5
= 4 + j (50)
+
10 5 + j (50) 1
2

L1 L2 = 2.59, ( L1 - L2 ) 2 = 4.4 2 - 4 2.59 = 9


. , L2 = 0.7
L1 - L2 = 3, L1 = 37

= 4.77 + j 115
. W

17. (D) Leq = L1 -

M
4
= 4 - =2 H
L2
2

26. (B) Vs = j (0.8)10(12


. 0) - j (0.2)(10)(2 0)
+[ 3 + j(0.5)(10)] (12
. 0 + 2 0)

18. (B) Leq = L1 -

= 9.6 + j21.6 = 26.64 66.04 V

M
9
=5 - =2 H
L2
3

27. (A) [ j(100 p) (2) + 10 ]I 2 + j(100 p)(0.4) (2 0) = 0


19. (A)

-1 H

2H

= 4 - 179.1

3H

2H

5H

I 2 = -0.4 - j0.0064,

Vo = 10 I 2 = -4 - j0.064
vo = 4 cos (100 pt - 179.1 ) V

28. (B) 30 30 = I ( - j 6 + j 8 - j 4 + j12 - j 4 + 10)


Fig. S.1.9.19

20. (D) VL1 = 1sI + 1sI = 2 sI

30 30
= 2.57 - j0.043
(10 + j 6)

Vo = I ( j12 - j 4 + 10)

VL 2 = 2 sI + 1sI - 2 sI = sI ,

= (2.57 - j0.043)(10 + 8 j)

VL 3 = 3sI - 2 sI = sI
VL = VL1 + VL 2 + VL 3 = 4 sI

I=

= 26.067 + j20.14 = 32.9 37.7 V

Leq = 4 H

21. (B) Let I1 be the current through 4 H inductor and

29. (A)
-j

2W

I 2 and I 3 be the current through 3 H, and 2 H inductor

- Vx +

respectively
I1 = I 2 + I 3 , V2 = V3

3-90o A

3sI 2 + 3sI1 = 2 sI 3 + 2 sI1

3I 2 + I1 = 2 I 3
4
I1
I 2 = , I 3 = I1
5
5

j4

j4

I1

4I2 = I3

V = 4 sI1 + 3sI 2 + 2 sI 3 + 3sI 2 + 3s I1


6s
2 4s
= 7 sI1 +
I1 +
I3
5
5
49
49
H
V =
sI1 , Leq =
5
5

Page
88

2W

Fig. S1.9.29

( - j + 2 + j 4) I1 - jI 2 = - j 3
( j 4 + 2) I 2 - jI1 = -12 30 V
I1 = -1.45 - j0.56,
.
Vx = -2 I1 = 2.9 + j112
= 311
. 2112
. V

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I2

1230 V
o

GATE EC BY RK Kanodia

Magnetically Coupled Circuits

Chap 1.9
20 W

30. (D)
j8

j10

0.03 H

j10

j20

j10

0.09 H

Fig. P1.9.34

35. (D) The p equivalent circuit of coupled coil is shown


in fig. S1.9.35

= 112
. + j112
. W

31. (C) Z in = ( - j 6)||( Z o)


(12) 2
Z o = j20 +
= 0.52 + j15.7
( j 30 + j5 - j2 + 4)

L1

L 1L2 - M
L1L2 - M

L2

L1 L2 - M 2
=
M

w2 M 2
Z L + jwL2

= j250 10 3 2 10 -6 +

L1L2 - M 2
L1 - M

Fig. S1.9.35

M 2 = 160 10 -12

32. (D) M = k L1 L2 ,

L2 - M

( - j 6)(0.52 + j15.7)
= 0.20 - j9.7 W
( - j 6 + 0.52 + j15.7)

Z in = jwL1 +

j30

-j3
1000C

( j14) ( j10 + 2 - j 6)
= 10 + j 8 +
j14 + j10 + 2 - j 6

Z in =

Vout
-

2F

Fig. S.1.9.30

Z eq

0.18 H
+

Vin
j18

40 W

L1 L2 (1 - k2 )
0.12 0.27 (10
. .5 2 )
=
= 0.27
0.5
k

Output is zero if
(250 10 3)2 160 10 -12
2 + j10 + j 250 10 3 80 10 -6

Z in = 0.02 + j0.17 W

C=

-j
+ jCw = 0
0.27 w

1
= 33.33 mF
0.27 w2

36. (C) Applying 1 V test source at ab terminal,

33. (D)

-j
2C

60 W
j2 2

V1

I1

j4

1 : 4

j4

I2

4W

20 W

1V

20Ix
Ix

Fig. S.1.9.33

V1 = -

jI1
+ j 4 I1 + j2 2 I 2
2C

0 = ( 4 + 4 j) I 2 + j2 2 I1

I2 =

- j 2 I1
2 (1 + j)

2
V1 - j
- j + j 8 C + 2 C - j2 C
=
+ j4 +
=
1+ j
I1 2 C
2C
Z in =

- j + j8C + 2C - j 2C
2C

Im ( Z in ) = 0

C=

- j + j 8 C - j2 C = 0

1
6

34. (A) j 30 -

3j
= 0, C = 100 mF
1000 C

Fig. S1.9.36

Vab = 1 V, I x =

1
= 0.05 A, V2 = 4 V ,
20

4 = 60 I 2 + 20 0.05

I 2 = 0.05 A

I in = I x + I1 = I x + 4 I 2 = 0.25 A
1
RTH =
=4W ,
VTH = 0
I in
37. (A) Impedance seen by RL = 10 4 2 = 160 W
For maximum power RL = 160 W, Z o = 10 W
2

100
PLmax =
10 = 250 W
10 + 10
38. (B) I 2 =
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V2
I
V
, I1 = 2 = 2 , V1 = 5 V2
8
5 40

Page
89

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