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    ruedas

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    ruedas

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF or read online from Scribd
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    8 views14 pages

    LLANTAS

    Uploaded by

    Jonathan Tomás Josué Chipana Ajnota
    ruedas

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 14
    2. Analyse end epplication of tire data: ‘Analyst of tire performance draws upon ‘rious records. These records can also be uted i a basis for future tire orders, 2, Example of a tire card: ‘The Table 14 shoves the type of te-card Bridgestone Tire uses. ‘atest BRIDGESTONE Cost per Tire Mile Record ‘Ses te seal Ne ‘te Baaad No Ply Rates Purchased Fem Cont pet Mil or Hour iy or Braet ‘Toa Milage oF Hours 53, STORAGE AND TRANSPORTA TION OF OFF-THE-ROAD TIRES Tire stocks are divided into new, used snd woenout tires, then furthar subdivided Jingo groups of the same tire type. This spesition felitates subsequent use. 1. Example of sroupings: New tres Not mounted on sims) Tier (Mounted on rim) (aw fused) bemounted tice] Unexamined tre Demaunes sts | rami rn ‘worn-out, tobe repaired, t0 8 ‘eapoed, spore Spore (not mounted on rims) (reable, epareg, recappad) * Seappe res. 2. Methods of storage: Now tres ‘Indoor storage. ‘place. b. Outdoor storage... covered with ‘waterproo! tarpaulin Tires not. mounted on ims must ‘not be aid on top of each othe. 4. Keep away from motors power switeh boxes and exbles, fuele and lubricants. 1. Koop a fire extinguisher ready for 4, Do not remove the bead protector or steel band until you are ready to mount the tre, 8. Urod tires 44 Storage methods are the same as cool, dark, dry those ued with now tire. be, Remove stoner and malls Irom tres before rorsge Repair ies necessary, 4 ‘Attach tap showing the tres outer 3, Methods of transporting tts: tiameter for sary reference when A. Transport tires at they care. packed the tire ie used age ‘vith Bead protector and steel band it bb Used. tubes should “be. ceflaed, tine and stored Arrange tubes In storage by 3 6. stone of tres on veils pice. pay aes sTeSbomibi pace the vehicle on 9, We litng ves ue ber or bet jaote to Keep the weight of the bale’ Do not us ropes (Ei ine . Wen sing fori Gover ts with tpt i outer efcurvrees Ba noe &: the wehice eannt be pled on thefors throug the comer ol The incr move the vehicle one's (Pig 242) ee es ‘month to prevent parmanant distr lon of the tre, and keep the io flation pressure ae preseribed. 4, Do not paint ties, D. Storage of tubes: 2 Now fubis should be kept packaged ‘and in 8 cool, dry place. 4 Hanlng of rims: ‘A. Keep rims fee from rust. It rusted, fake. off trust with wivebruses, 8, Handle rime carefully In order to avoid Scratching the bescbares and distort ting ria . Da'not lift ims by placing anything in ‘the wale holes ‘ ings Be stored in @ coo, dry 5, Handi A. Oring Paces 8. Use ¢ new! Oring whenever a tie is mmouneed on ¢m. 54. PROPER MATCHING OF TIRES: ein reo ce, par om nation lh in quick eng eiher problems: Care steton tothe ‘lows pens wil ge maxtmum te AS» general rl, when to tes ae fied nth sat tiesofhe ane "ype ether nor eed hou be ite A. How to match tres Dual mounting of the same brand ‘of Se ideal: but ony when tres {of two efferent brand are both of ® conventional typeand of the sme Giameter, can they be weed together, be, Dual mounting of tres of citfeent ‘width Ig not recommended, even they mest minimum. vals of ‘al spacing, because of fering Setlecton ‘Avoid mounting conventional and ‘acl tres together. 8. Allowance In outer clameters for dual mounting ‘he following table lit the llowance In outer_ diameters for dual mounting Exceeding the figure ated Below wil result In quek wearing and possible sSemage tothe tre the larger diameter of No. 1 will receive fexternal damage, tepid and uneven wearing ‘rom overloading: and on the othr hence the tie of the smaller diameter in Nox 3 will apily wear out la the center Ties already mounted and inealled on whites can be checked in the follow ing methods. Be sure that the tes to bbe chocked ar all inflated to standard Inflation pressures, 2° By placing ight angled square acts duals the aitference in outer Giameter can be obtained. (Fig 26) be. By using a cord across both the fight end left duals the difference fan be obtained (Fig. 27) ln he cate of No.1 in figure 25, if the outer diameter of the tie larger than that in No 2, a6 the tes are in dul use, Faz 55. TIRE MOUNTING AND DEMOUN. TING: 1. Tubeless: A Goneral mounting procedures: ‘The following procedures are required {or all tres over 16.00 in sie, ut te alko applicable to smal sizes. 4. Check fr rim damage, distortion and corrosion. Reps i necessary. 'b. Glen rim, especialy where the bead sits oginct the flange, were the Flange contacts lock ring sctions, tnd guiket seat sections of the Oring & A now Oring should be uisd at ach: mounting. Never remount an ‘ld one 4. Consult the the manufacturer for fecessry tools. Off the-Aosd ties Fequire tire ons ands bead re The following points lstnguish tubeless tire mounting from tube type. tet used on constuction ‘hits [The presonce of a rubber 0: ‘ing inerted betwen the bead $t and rim base Tor sealing, The lack of vim base vale ot The tapered one-piece bead fest band cannot be avided Norim pockets Yor bead drop uy) iy ie ia 8, Vertical Mounting 2 Caan the ver ange first aod insert Teno’ the im baee unt reches the back flange. Make sure the rear Flange boss (drive lug) fits into the rim base groove. Fix the im with regular valve. (Fig, 28) 1b Mounting the tire onto the rim base, push as close 98. possible to the Dack flange Check that the rear Mange dive ug hits saugly into the fim base back flange groove. Then {x the from flange to the rim base 0 that the deve tug onthe Hage IS about inches ins clockwise poitlon from the drive lug sot on fhe rim base. ‘Thun place the tapered bead seat band ano she rn base and put it In between the Honge aed the rim base. Line up the ive Tug in the flange, the drive lug slot In the tapered, baad seat band and pur the outde tire bead ro thatthe (ing grooves and lock ring appear. 2. The rim base should be placed on (ig 29) rood or metal Block withthe lose fe. Set" the flange and taperod bead ‘ing groove fecing upward, Allow Seat band in position and insert fenough space so that the tie wil ick ring. Tap with a hammer tobe of the floor after It fs mounted CGreck that the Yoek ring drive lug on the vim. The block must not fits into the rim bese groove. Line get in the way of the rear flange; tp al slots and deve Tugs. Use 3 In other words, the blocks should lead or brass hammer to shift any fot extend more. than 1/2inch parts when necasary(Fi. 30), Feyond the rim bse, (Fig. 31), 4, install'2 new Oring (never use an b. On some tres hoisting is necessary ld one at it becomes revously to bring the baad seat band Into Sistorted in making 8 tall. Lub Contact. with the tre. Inflate the fate it with soap (or other solution tie in the hoisted positon fecommendedby the manufacturer) __D. Demounting TRo'nip the ing into te O-ring This can be done vertically or hott fpoove irsts hold it tightly. with zontal. Be sure to remove the vale Boum hands dring this operation, core and deflate completely before de Do not turn of twist itwhen ineert; mounting. ing into the eroove Use the proper tool and method to . Draw the tapered bead seat band trop the beade on the gutter side of and front flange together until they ful nat to damege {ouch the lock ring Check that ei 32) re correctly swembied before in. B- Famove. the lock ing with the fisting the tive. To foe the be proper tool, (Fig. 33) fecurely to the rim, inflate a 35" & Remove the Orting and discard it ‘and. sinalar tee to. 78 PSI and (Fig. 38) larger to 90 PSI, then reduce tod. Remove the beed seat band with ‘recommended cold starting pressure the proper tool (Fig 38), Horizontal Mounting: Remove the tim flange from the {Ths method. is similar to vertical rim base. Loosan the bead on the mounting except for the following back side and take the te off of points: the rim. (Fig, 36) 2. Tube type tires: ‘® Mounting Clean the rim bese and bead seat with {brush before mounting. ‘Check Inside and outside of the tire for damage from spikes of nal. Clean ll tie surfec and remove ail foreign substances before insert lng the tube, (Fig. 37) laort the tube starting 2tthe bor tom. Work: slowly. and. caretully, Inflating. the tube as it is being ‘worked in will help od tin place “This wil prevent from welnkling (Fig 38) Ingare the flap. Check that it stays in place between the tre beads, end ‘hat its not wrlkled. Tt sealer to start from/the top. If the bead ‘pening it $00 natTow, spread with Spreader or jack handle Lubricate flap and tube with a dry lubricant such es soapstone, (Fig. 2) Remove rust and dir rom the lock ring with» wire brush. Be pertow larly careful to clean the locking ‘groove on the rim. Cracked parts must be replaced Insert the rear flange onto the rim ‘base, Fit-the flange fug into the slo (ig. 40) Bring the tie to the rim by hosting for Tolling. Check that the valve tem fits ing the hole before sliding the tre onto the whee. If «holst not ‘ued, Keep the weet low 0 that the tie ean be jacked up for ‘mounting Fist place two A-tools near the valve sot and Tine up the bead seat band slot with the rear flange dive lug. Then plses. the bead saat band on thesia flange and fix there to’ the rim bases, Put two 8-tools tnxo the Atool notches ond use them for leverege while inserting ‘the bead seat band. Keep one tool held down. and. move. the othor lle by lite around the cium ference to fully Inert the bead seat band (Fig. 417 After the rim hae been turned in this way, hiteh one B tool into the lock ring groove and use it a2 lover to push the bead seat band 1” te. 1-1/8" further inside trom the lock ring groove. Insert the rng all along the circum ferance using the sharp end of tool B from the lock ing noteh(Fig 42) Apply lever to pull the bead seat band ou until It touches the lock Fing. Be careful to remove all bead teat band part equally CChack that the drive lugs on both flanges ate engaged. Place the beads correctly the rim 20d inflate to shout 78 PSI, Before adjusting to the correct presture, deflate com pletely t0 correct distortions, etc Fis double inflation s necessary rool E-tools prevent prdmature failure of tubes, 1, Check for proper inflation pressure before. hauling, Check aguin ater the ft two of three tips for ‘limiting the possiblity of a leaky ale or faulty tube, 28. Demounting 2 Block sit wheels excep the one to bbe demounted. Jack up the wheel fo that the Ure clears the ground. Pur ¢ sstery block under that axle to. prevent slipping of the Jack. Remnove valve ore and exhaust all the alr before starting to demount the ‘re. Always replace the cap after deflation to protect the soft ‘metal threads during tre removal Drop the bosd On the gutsr side of the Inside rim; use proper tools and method. Be earetul not to damage the beads (method same as tubeless tres) <, For smaller Offthe-Rosd tires with Deadseat band, insert the B tool btwaen lock ring end rim flange, thon twist tool around to separate (Fig. 43) Place too! into lock rng elit and re move from groove when lock ring Sd rim Mange separate. (Fig 48) For ordinery Offthe-Ros tires with bead seat band, pry the lock ring out Ling lever in rim bate dent, then Use tuo levers to take out lock ring omplstely. Insert too! B between rim flange and bead seat band and pull band up to lock ring groove, ‘Then remove Band and rear Henge together Inside beads are removed like out fide once: brace 9 small jack bet ‘ween the rear flange and: vehicle body ane! spread the jack to remove beads from rim base. Pressure most ‘be applied aqully around the whole iroumference of the tr, ‘hon demaunting the tire from the Fimy be sure’ the valve cles the Tock ring groove section. Push out as much air-as possible. Use the dhck to. lower the tire until its ‘weight is almost completely on the ground, to separate tres ond upper Fim section, ‘Then use the jack to uth the tie ar far out ax posible End hol it in this jscking it up again. Thi will create an opening inthe lower part of the rim, t0 be pulled off, Repeat this until the tire fe removed. If 3 host or crane is avilable, jake are not needed, Aor the tre is demounted, stand it ‘against the vehicle or anything else 1. Use a tool witha round tip tore move the fap from the tire. For some tres a spreader or small jack ean be used. (Fig 45) |. Tubes can be removed in the same way, be careful not to pull the Valve stem. at this time Tubes Thould Be removed whenever cuts and cracks are dicovered, 3, Offtheroad tire mounting and de mounting equipment avaiable: UniPres: Gold by Dynaflost Div, of Unit-Rig & Equipment Co.) UniPros is a complete, seitcontained machine fer mounting aod demounting tires for large oft highway vehicles ‘The entire operation © performed on the machine, without the need for any auxiliary jacks, prv-beas, sledge har ters, ete. A remote operator's pedestal Converts ar pressure to hydraulle pret sure and eontols a powerful hydrbule fam between the stand and the grapple head which apolies pressure uniformly to the bead seat ring and to the side Finge of the rim through adjustable ‘mounting and demounting shoes. A (grapple, clampe, anda holst eye, al integral with the removable head, are Used to it tire and rim on and off the Uni-Pres. Mounting and derounting of all sizes of off highway vehicle tres f tasily and quickly accomplished with UniBres (Fig 40) ret eo. | (rs-s1 : | Se. combined Duquesne M7/DO81 | rmountean dismount te heaviest OF ‘heFond thes, Tes wel opertedby fane man, above, since ite physics] Fig@7 56. CAUTIONS IN MOUNTING AND DEMOUNTING. When inflating, mounting or dismourting tires on rims equipped with locking rings, for on split rims, a safety tire rack, cage, (oF some other protection should be used. 1 Be sure to put hardwood blocks under the jack, even on hare or firm ground. 2. Before you use the jack, be sure to block the tire and wheel on the other de of the vehicle. To avoid posible ipping of the jack, be sure tocrb up ‘with blosks. 3, Slant the bead breaker about 10 de- res, s0 that It holds firmly. Ae itn fly with 9 lethal fore, should it sip off, be gute to etand t0-one side when Sppiying.hyeraulie pressure, Watch ‘Your fingers. ¢ Bead breakrs spd rame ppl pressure to bead flanges, 4, When femoving the bead sest band, be sure to support the band. with your thigh emovingitslowiy to the ground. In this way, You will avoid straining Yyour back or erushing Your toe. 5, Be sure fo exhaust all the ar from the tire when removing the valve core ‘You should make sure that the valve stom is not plage by running 9 piece Of wire through It. On dual assemblies, bbe ture to remove the valve cores from both tires, and exhaust all the ar from both ‘tres before Tooeening the. lug nuts. Should you forget to do this, 8 broken vim part Under predure could fly apart and case serous injury to 6. Always be sure to stand lear when using @ cable or chain sling, there is * possiblity that it mightsap and lsh 7. Be sure to use rim parts of the sme brand, don’t mix brands, oF use aren flange of inappropriate size Pars, which have been damaged, thats, broken, bent oF chipped, can eause serious Injury, 8, Do not try to Fepair wheel pans by brazing, welding. of reworking! Be sre ‘to replace with how parts of the sme ‘th ‘lock ring quer $0 thet the locke ring will fit sacurly. Into position. ‘ter inspecting the rim base ond lock Fing gutter, should you find damaged, ‘racked, oF spmung rim bases oF lock fins, they shouldbe Immeclaely re placed 10, t0.0n side when tap- ing fk rings with a hammer during the first stage of Inflation. Should the it a8 well st other (auld couse very ‘extnsion hose and a Zo 11, Be sie 10 ae 8 clipon chuek, $0 that you may be Sle to stand tone sie, ‘During ‘eiaton, DIN ERONT OF THE Asse) 12, Never taneport a fully inflated spare ‘ire mounted @n. demountabie rims. They should aye only just enough alr prestre to hold the fim parts firmly In place. Only after the tre and rim sssombly have been fastened sith all the lug huts properly torqued, should the tre be Inflated 10 the correct ‘operating pres. 6. OTHERS 61. TONMILE-PER-HOUR (TPH) ‘ihe importance of eer moving log {ingond mining tres hes etl increased Sethe development of ary cons: tion vehicles, The primary tak of these Ireuyuty tres to haul heat toed fester and over longer stances, TH feavy toad hauling evita rest est bullsup inside the tes, nd tires have limitations. temperature If limitation is reached, deterioration of the ‘ie wil begin a a erty og of apart. ton.” Accordingly i neortsary hen Selecting tres, 10 determine the emount ‘ot work whieh wil Keep the tre within 8 Senge to avoid aver heating when the ‘hice operated under gen conditions ‘Tremountof work dane undsr to gen onaitone. snd iin fe rong Ie shown os the "TONAMILE-PER-HOUR™ “tien canbe determined by the follow Ing formal “MPH = (Average tre lad) % (verge speed 1, Average te load Vehisies are loaded for one wip and {ary empty weighton return in one oycle St operations. The weight ofthe vehicle foaded ‘end the Toed per tre, and the weight of the vehicle unioaded and the load pert ae ealled “average tie load “The avrage tre load can be obtained by the following formula “The average tire fosd (ton) = 1/2 x (tire load ‘when vehicle earie empty load + tie load when vehicles loaded), 2, Average speed To obtain the average speed, divide the {etal run by the total hours of operation ber day, Average speed can be Obtained by she following formule ‘The average speed (milerhour)= numberof ob ound wip distance founa tp (cyte pe yf “+(Tota hours of operations per day) NOTE: Total hows of exertion include anc our soi 3. Assessmont of operational capacity ‘The average tre load and the average ‘operational speed forthe maximum pots be amount of work in using a given te, fan be obtained from the operations! fapacity ‘raph of the fe. When the rerage tre food is known, the average ‘Operational. speed is the point drawn “irsight down to the bar from the point where the slanting fie indieating TMPH Gnd the line of the. average tre load intersect. Sina, when the average ‘peratonel speed Known, the average treosd canbe obtrined. in the actu ‘sessment of the operational capacity of the tre, is nocesary. to change the intial TMPH ‘atings forthe protection of tires when damage or unusual abrasion of the tie is anticipated under given opera ting conditions {coalitions at operation tits and conditions ofthe ground or road Surfaca where hauling will take ploel ‘Therefore, due consideration must be Given to the average treload ‘and the erage operational sped tthe maximum pormissble amount of work sto be done Within a safe range of the operational fapacty of the tire 4, How to use Tor-niteperhour ‘Tha. most sulle te speciheations for the job shuld be elected by determining TTWPH under setual working conditions: This ean be obtained by observing the fellowing conditions 1, Maximum operating TMPH should not exceed te TMPH RATING. 2. The average operating TMPH to be Calculated on several checkings should fot exceed the tre TMPH. RATING, 3. The TMPH RATING shown in table 16,17 the following situations: 2To al conventions or heat, or cut restart conrructone xcept spe (Cal constructions such at stl breaker construction. Ambient temperature up to 100°F (38°C), " One way distance within 20 miles aim ‘4. Maximum speed of up to 90 mph (sek. 4 ing the TMPH due to change in Sant temperate 4. Ti seston below 27.00 (025) ‘ant temp.—100°F 28} Os. ny 1. Tie section above 30.00 (44.5) Inches: (einem. —100"F 8) x04. icin ©. When the ambiont temperature ie below 100"F (38°C): = 123874 Fete) = tte @ Furry = 284100 __134 “et T00)-T st 4, When the ambient temperature & soo 100'F (8 2 FO

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