Creation vs Expansion theyre different things Period = a musical sentence Phrase storming writing a load of 2 bar ideas without any idea of where theyre going Subordinate theme is longer and looser, more complex than the main theme. Subordinate theme will often occur in a subordinate key (e.g. related minor) Formal function Beginnings, endings, transitions, etc. loosening by expanding the formal function components or by adding bits between the formal functions. Extension put an additional unit of music between two pre-existing formal functions. Use repeated V-iv-IV chord progression to stretch out subordinate theme and establish subordinate theme more strongly. Think about the how you want the energy levels in your piece to proceed, develop and/or abate. Codetta post cadential cadence.