Rizal Course Hand Out 2

Rizal Family
Father Side
Lam-co migrated in the Philippines in 1600s
o Baptized at San Gabriel Church a Chinese community in Binondo in
1697 at age 35.
o Adopted the surname Domingo
o Married Ines de la Rosa a Chinese Christian from Manila
Half the age of her husband
o Invited by two Spanish friars to settle in San Isidro Labrador in Ban,
Laguna, a Dominican estate.
o Adopted the surname Mercado meaning market in 1731
Francisco Mercado 1731
o Son of Domingo and Ines Mercado
o Named after a friar famous for his botanical studies
o Married Cirila Bernacha
o Settled with his family in Hacienda of San Juan Bautista in Calamba
o Was forced to return to Bian because of the hostility of the
Spaniards to the Chinese immigrants because of their support to
Great Britain.
o Active in local politics
o Became a gobernadorcillo - capitan del pueblo or municipal mayor
o Had two sons: Juan and Clemente Mercado
Juan Mercado Married Cirila Alejandro
o Elected as towns capitan del pueblo
o Was given the privilege to elect the Philippine representative in the
Spanish parliament in 1812.
o Had 13 children including Francisco, Rizals father.
Francisco Mercado his father died when he was eight years old.
o Helped his mother in managing their family business.
Mother Side
Lorenzo Alberto Alonzo Teodoras father
o His father Cipriano was a municipal captain of Bian in 1797.
o His grandfather Gregorio was the head of the mestizos in Sta. Cruz,
Manila in 1763 and 1768.
o Was married to Paula Florentino from Vigan before marrying Brigida
Quintos
Brigida Quintos Teodoras mother
o Manuel de Quintos Brigidas father was a prominent lawyer in
Pangasinan who graduated from the Univerity of Santo Tomas
o Regina Ochoa belonged to a rich clan in Cavite
o Their family changed their surname from Quintos to Realonda
Children:
o Narcisa
o Teodora
o Gregorio

o Manuel
o Jose Alberto
Don Francisco and Doa Teodora
o Met in Manila where the two of them were studying.
o They were married on June 28, 1848
o Chose to settle in Calamba where they engaged in farming and
business
o Had 11 children
Don Francisco Alejandro Mercado
o (1818-1898)
o Born in Bian, Laguna.
o Studied Latin and Philosophy at the College of San Jose in Manila.
o His parents died at a young age
o He became a tenant-farmer of the Dominican-owned hacienda in
Calamba.
Doa Teodora Morales Alonso Realonda
o 1826-1911)
o Born on November 8, 1826
o Studied at the College of Santa Rosa- an exclusive school for girls in
Manila.
The Rizal Children
1. Saturnina
a. (1850-1913)
b. Also known as Neneng
c. Married to Manuel Hidalgo from Tanawan, Batangas
2. Paciano
a. (1851-1930)
b. Joses only brother who also acts as his second father
c. Favorite student of Father Jose Burgos
d. Studied in the Colegio de San Jose
e. Joined the revolution after his brothers execution
f. Lived in Los, Baos, where he had a farm
g. Was believed to be a bachelor but had two children to Severina
Decena
3. Narcisa
a. (1852-1939)
b. Also known as Sisa
c. Married Antonio Lopez, a nephew of Father Leoncio Lopez (friend of
the Rizals)
4. Olimpia
a. (1855-1887)
b. Known as Ypia
c. Married Silvestre Ubaldo, a telegraph operator from Manila.
5. Lucia
a. (1857-1919)
b. Married Mariano Herbosa, a nephew of Father Casaas (Joses
godfather)
c. Her husband died of cholera but was denied of Christian burial
because he was Joses brother-in-law

6. Maria
a.
b.
c.
7. Jose
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

(1859-1945)
Her pet name was Biang
Married Daniel Faustino Cruz from Bian, Laguna

(1861-1896)
Born on June 19, 1861) a Wednesday between 11 and 12 midnight
Greatest Filipino ever lived
The Philippines National Hero
Was believed to be married to Josephine Bracken
They were believed to have a son who they named as Francisco,
after his father.
8. Concepcion
a. (1862-1865)
b. Also known as Concha
c. Died because of sickness at the age of 3
d. Her death was considered by Jose as his first sorrow in life.
9. Josefa
a. (1865-1945)
b. Also known as Panggoy
c. Epileptic
d. Died as an old-maid
10.Trinidad
a. (1868-1951)
b. Known as Trining
c. The last in the Rizal family to die
11.Soledad
a. 1870-1929)
b. Youngest of the Rizal children
c. Known as Choleng
d. Married Pantaleon Quintero from Calamba
Rizals Education and Childhood
Calamba

Believed to be an enchanting town

Said to be between Mt. Makiling and Laguna de Bay
An agricultural town owned by the Dominican Friars
Sugar main product

Memories of a Student in Manila Rizals autobiography written when he

was 17 years old
P. Jacinto pseudonym used by Rizal to keep the details of his life private.

Rizal Family

Known to be members of the Principalia

Has one of the stone houses in Calamba
With Aya (yayas) and caretakers
Tenants to the Dominican estate

Rizals Childhood
Calamba Catholic Church where Rizal was baptized by Father Rufino
Collantes
o Father Pedro Casaas godfather
o St. John the Baptist Church at present
Don Francisco Kikoy
o Model of fathers
o Inquilino leading tenant
Hired tenants to cultivate lands
o Second to build a stone house in Calamba.
Doa Teodora - Lolay
o Cultured woman of Manila
o Knows literature and spoke Spanish better than Rizal
o A mathematician and has read many books.
Had more than 1,000 books
Rice, sugar and corn products in the Rizal farm
Rizals Education
1. Calamba
Teodora Alonzo was Rizals first teacher
Story of the Moth- Rizals favorite story told by his mother.
o The story had left a deep impression in Rizals life.
2 years old- Rizal was familiar of the alphabet
3 years old he mastered the alphabet and knew how to read books
4 years old knew how to write in Tagalog and Spanish
5 years old he began to read haltingly the Spanish family bible
o He made sketches with his pencil mold clay and wax objects

Father Leoncio Lopez visited by Rizal to listen to his stimulating

opinions on current events and sound philosophy of life.

Brothers of Doa Teodora

Tio Gregorio taught Jose how to read
o Taught him to work hard, to think for himself and observe life
keenly
Tio Jose Alberto Rizals first teacher in arts
o Taught him how to sketch, paint and sculpt
Tio Manuel taught Jose the importance of martial arts and
exercise.
o Swimming, fencing, wrestling and other sports

Rizals Companions
o Usman his dog
o Alipato his pony
o Bought by Don Francisco

Sa Aking Mga Kabata(To My Fellow Children) first poem written

by Rizal in Filipino

o Pepe Mercado
o Written when he was eight years old
Tagalog Drama staged in the fiesta of Calamba
o The Gobernadorcillo of Paete paid 2 pesos in exchange of the
manuscript
Tutors
Maestro Celestino first private tutor
Maestro Lucas Padua
Maestro Leon Monroy former classmate of Don Francisco who lived
with the Rizal family for six months and taught Latin to Jose

2. Bian
He was sent by his father Don Francisco in this nearby town to have
a formal education.
Paciano accompanied the young Jose wherein they rode a
carromata.
Jose lived in his aunts house during his stay in Bian
Leandro Rizals cousin became his best friend and tourist guide
Tomasa Mercado Rizals aunt where he stayed while he was in the
town.
Champorado favourite breakfast of Rizal

Maestro Justiniano Aquino-Cruz owner of the school where Rizal

first studied.
o Served also as his teacher
Rizal epitomized him in one of the chapters in Noli Me Tangere
Latin and Spanish main subjects in Bian
Pedro Rizals first opponent in brawling
o He was the son of Maestro Justiniano
Andres Salandanan Joses first arm-wrestling opponent
9 years old when Rizal studied in Bian
Juancho Rizals teacher in painting
o Maestro Justinianos father in law
Saturnina wrote a letter to Jose asking him to come home in 1870
Talim the steamship that he rode on his way home

Taste of Injustice
1. Dona Teodora was accused as an accomplice to her brother Jose Alberto
in trying to poison her sister in law whose name was Teodora Formosa.
a. Walked 50 kilometers from Calamba to Santa Cruz and was
imprisoned for 2 years.
b. The Dominicans helped the family by sending the best lawyers who
were also professors from UST.
2. Execution of GOMBURZA
a. February 17, 1872
b. The three secular priests were implicated in the Cavite Mutiny of
January 20, 1872.
c. Francisco Zaldua false witness who pointed the three priests.
d. Father Mariano Gomez
e. Father Jose Burgos

f. Father Jacinto Zamora

g. Archbishop Meliton Martinez ordered the tolling of bells of the
Manila Cathedral after the execution.
h. Paciano quit college after the execution
i. El Filibusterismo offered in the memory of GOMBURZA.