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Bhim Singh
I.
INTRODUCTION
VSC controls the SCIG and the battery side VSC by using a
modified vector control. A modified adaptive linear element
algorithm is adopted to maintain the PCC voltage constant and
to compensate currents unbalance, current harmonics and the
reactive power demand of the loads. The advantage of using
an adaline-based control technique is that it does not need
low-pass filters, thus further reducing the computational
burden. The proposed controller is simpler than the p q and
SRF control techniques [20,21]. Battery storage is placed
between back to connected VSCs of SCIG and loads in order
to regulate the frequency and voltage of the system constant
II.
R T
V
(2)
(4)
d
rm + B rm
dt
(5)
Lm
( dr i qs - q r i ds )
Lr
(6)
e = ( r +sl )
sl =
(7)
Lm R r *
i qs
rest L r
(8)
L m i ds
(9)
1+ r S
The equivalent control inputs u ds and u qs are given as [24],
2
v bat 2
v ac m a
(12)
3
r est =
(10 )
u ds = v ds +e Ls i qs = v ds +(+K d )
Lm
r = vqs +(-Kd )
Lr
(11)
where,
K d = e L s i qs and K q = e L s i ds + e
Lm
Lr
r
Fig. 3. Equivalent circuit of battery.
vt =
2
( vsa 2 +v sb 2 +v sc
3
(14)
u ap =
vsa
v
v
, u bp = sb , u cp = sc
vt
vt
vt
(15)
i bat * = (k p +
ki
) ( frref fr )
s
(16)
(17)
aq
= -u
bq
cq
=-
bp
3u
3+ u
ap
3u
(u
/ 2 + (u
/2 +
ap
cp
bp
3
-u
bp
(22)
cp
-u
cp
)/2
) /2
3
3
(23)
(24)
w q (n ) =
(2 8 )
3
The three-phase fundamental reference reactive-power
components of the currents of source are given as,
i sb p * = i sb p * + i s b q *
*
(3 1)
i sc p = i sc p + i sc q
(3 2 )
These reference source currents given in Eqns. (30-32) are
compared with the sensed source currents. The current error
signals are amplified and their outputs are compared with
triangular wave to generate PWM switching signals to
generate the gating signals for load side VSC.
III.
SIMULATION RESULTS
Fig.5 Waveforms of voltage and source current, linear and nonlinear current and converter current.
Fig. 6. Waveforms of voltage and current and state of charge of battery and
the frequency.
Fig.8. Harmonics Spectrums of currents of total load nonlinear load and source.
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
V. APPENDIX
[15]
System Parameters
[16]
WT
SCIG
[17]
Battery model
(Nickel-MetalHybride)
[19]
Grid parameters
Consumer Load
DE
SG
VII. REFERENCES
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
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S. R. Bull, "Renewable energy today and tomorrow," Proceedings of the
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G. Quinonez-Varela and A. Cruden, " Development of a Small-Scale
Generator Set Model for Local Network Voltage and Frequency
Stability Analysis,"IEEE Trans. Energy Conversion, vol. 22, pp. 368375, June 2007.
Goel, P.K.; Singh, B.; Murthy, S.S.; Kishore, N., "Isolated Wind-Hydro
Hybrid System Using Cage Generators and Battery Storage," Industrial
Electronics, IEEE Trans. Industrial Electronics, vol. 58, pp. 1141-1153,
April 2011.
Madawala, U.K.; Geyer, T.; Bradshaw, J.B.; Vilathgamuwa, D.M.,
"Modeling and Analysis of a Novel Variable-Speed Cage Induction
Generator," IEEE Trans. Industrial Electronics, vol. 59, pp. 1020-1028,
Feb 2012.
Singh, B.; Murthy, S.S.; Gupta, S., "A Stand-Alone Generating System
Using Self-Excited Induction Generators in the Extraction of Petroleum
Products," IEEE Trans. Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, pp. 94-101, Feb
2010.
[18]
[20]
[21]
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[23]
[24]
[25]
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