Statistics for Analytical

Chemistry
CHM130L CPMONTEROLA

Example 6-1
Skoog 9th ed.
The following results were obtained in the replicate
determination of the lead content of a blood sample: 0.752,
0.756, 0.752, 0.751, and 0.760 ppm Pb.
Find the mean and the standard deviation of this set of
data.

VARIANCE(s^2)

Relative standard deviation(RSD)

RSD IN PPT

COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION
(cv)

Range or spread
It is the difference between the largest value in
the set and the smallest.

Example 6-3
Skoog 9th ed
For the set of data in Example 6-1, (0.752, 0.756, 0.752, 0.751, and
0.760 ppm Pb)
calculate
(a)the variance,
(b) the relative standard deviation in parts per thousand,
(c) the coefficient of variation, and
(d)the spread.

Log and antilog

Be especially careful in rounding the results of calculations involving
logarithms. The following rules apply to most situations and are illustrated in
Example 6-7:
1. In a logarithm of a number, keep as many digits to the right of the decimal
point as there are significant figures in the original number.
2. In an antilogarithm of a number, keep as many digits as there are digits to
the right of the decimal point in the original number.

Exercise 1(solve only A, C and E)

Exercise 1(solve only A, C and E)

Single data confidence interval(CI)

Mean Confidence interval (CI)

Example 7.1 Skoog 9th ed

Determine the 80% and 95% confidence intervals
for (a) the first entry (1108 mg/L glucose) in
Example 6-2 (page 107) and (b) the mean value
(1100.3 mg/L) for month 1 in the same example.
Assume that in each part, S = 19 is a good estimate
of .

Example 7-2
skoog 9th ed
How many replicate measurements in month 1 in
Example 6-2 are needed to decrease the 95%
confidence interval to 1100.3 10.0 mg/L of glucose?

Finding the Confidence Interval

When sigma Is Unknown

Example 7-3
skoog 9th ed
A clinical chemist obtained the following data for the alcohol
content of a sample of blood: % C2H5OH: 0.084, 0.089, and 0.079.
Calculate the 95% confidence interval for the mean assuming that
(a) the three results obtained are the only indication of the precision
of the method and that (b), from previous experience on hundreds
of samples, we know that the standard deviation of the method s =
0.005% C2H5OH and is a good estimate of .

Exercise 1(number 3)
*7-9. How many replicate measurements are
needed to decrease the 95 and 99% confidence
limits for the analysis described in Problem 7-7 to
2.2 mg Fe/mL?

Exercise 1(number 4)
*7-7. An atomic absorption method for the determination of
the amount of iron present in used jet engine oil was found
from pooling 30 triplicate analyses to have a standard
deviation s = 3.6 mg Fe/mL. If s is a good estimate of ,
calculate the 95 and 99% confidence intervals for the result
18.5 mg Fe/mL if it was based on (a) a single analysis, (b)
the mean of two analyses, and (c) the mean of four
analyses.

Exercise 1(number 5)
*7-11. A volumetric calcium analysis on triplicate samples of the
blood serum of a patient believed to be suffering from a
hyperparathyroid condition produced the following data:mmol Ca/L
= 3.15, 3.25, 3.26. What is the 95% confidence interval for the
mean of the data, assuming
(a) no prior information about the precision of the analysis?
(b) is s = 0.056 mmol Ca/L?