Midterm Exam

Manalerial Statistics
General lnstructionsi
Analyre the following problems using the format;
r l. The problem
r ll. The Hypotheses (Null & Alternative)
r lll. Test statistics
o lV. Data Analysls (Computer Printout if possibleI

r V. Discusslon/lnterpretation/lmplication
- Srb.lt in handwritten format. , '

',

. The scores of a random sample oft students on a physics test are as follows: 6A, 62, 67 , 6?, 70, 7?,75,. and
if the sample mean is significantly different from 65 at the.05 level' Report ihe t 11d p values.
The researcher realizes tirat she accidentally recorded the score that shorild have been ?6 as 67. Are these
corrected scores significantly diflerent {lom 65 at lhe .05 level? (one sample t-testJ
I

TB. Test ro see

2. A study olthe effect of caffeine on muscle metabolism used eighteen male volunteers who each underwent
arm exercise tests. Nine oithe men were randomly sclected to take a capsule containing pure iaffeine one hour
before the test. The other men received 6 placebo. capsule. During each exercise the subject's respiratory
exchange ratio (RER) was measured. (RER isthqratio of CO2 produced to 02 consumed and is an indicator of
whethei energy is being obtained from carbohydrates or fats).The question ol interest to the experimenter was
whether, on average, caffeine changes RER. (independent t-test)
The RER(%) results were as follows:
Placebo: 105, I 19, 100, 97,96, 101,94, 95'98
caflblne:96, 9e, 94, 89.96, 93,88, 105,88.
3. Weights ol9 students (in lbs) belore and hfter a month-long training schedtrle are given below- Test if the
mean weight after training is smaller than the mean weight before training. (pairtd t+est)

pre = 124,152,129, I44,150,152, I38, 16l,140

:

4. A (hypothetical) experiment is conducted on.the effect of alcoho.l on perceptual motor ability. Ten'subjects
twice, once after having two drinks and once after having two glasses of water. The two tests
,."
"a.fr"t.rt.d
days to give the aicohol a chance to wear off. Half of the subjects were given alcohol first
diflerent
were on two
and halfwere given water first. The scores ofthe 10 subjects are shown below. The first number for each subject
is their per.rorriance in the "water" condition. Higher scores reflect iretter perioimance. Test to see if alcohol had
a sigrrihcant effect. Report the t and p values.
16, 15, 11,20, 19, 14, 13, 15, 14, 16
Water :
Alcohol:
13, r3, r0,18,17, ll,10,15, ll, l6

5. An experiment compered the ability of three groups of subjects to

positions. The data are shown bel-ow. (O1e-Way Anoyl) .
,
Non-players Beginners

remember briefly-presented chess

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players
40.

I
45.6

a. Using the Tukey HSD procedure. determine which groups are

sigrrificantly different from each other at the '05 level'

51.2

b. Now comp.re each pair of groups using t-tests. Make sure to

control for the familywise error rate (at 0.05) by using the Bonferoni

ZZ.l
ZZ3
26.2

32.5
37 .l
39.1

29.6

40.5

56.4

3r.7

45.5

58.1

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Achievement
98
96
94
88

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at LI L, rari., ,!:
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:: li . I I ri .lll:li.l .ii
c.P.A. ,Achievembnt
3.6
2.1
3.1
4_0

.:. :i: .
't, .r,!;
,

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i

i:t|rtlL:,..:
;i'ehP:4,.

84 lir: I

t3

79
75
77
86

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lil

il

l.

Comptrte.ttr,{l,itiirelation

What_does

2.9
?.4
1.4
2.8

3.2
3.0

86

3.8',1

71

7l

2.6
3-0

93,

3.'.l

59

3.2

6l

2.2

90
62

1.6

coe$lcie$: ,:i i , t
i,,r

tlislitatistic meari:concerning$e:t . I

relatibnshiprbetween achievement test prformance

2.6

7'l

85

]at

3.

4.

and g.p.a-?
Whet percent of the variability is accounted for by
the relationship between the two variables and what

What would be the slope and y-intercept,for

i
regression line based on this
, ,i
If a student scored a 93 ol1 the achievement tesl, '
what would be their predicted G.P.A.? If they scored

data? 1

a74? 88?

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tir

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irl
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l,il

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3.5

1:3
15

38.9
39.7

5).v

43.2

37 "7

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icorrection. Specit the alpha level you used

,55.7

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t+

:52.6

6. In a study of the cognitive capacities of nonhuman primates, I 9 monkeys of the same age were randomly
divided into two groqps of l0 and 9. The groups were trained using two dlfferent teaching methods to recollect
an acoustic stimulus. The monkeys' scorcs on a subsequent test is given below:
Method l:167, t4g,
155, t64, 104, l5t, t50

Method2:

tlt, ng, tlg,

98. 127, 140, l0l, tl6, 105. 100, 95, l3l.

Analyze the deta to test ilone method works better than the other. What.lssumprions do you need to make in
your analysis? How can you argue for rhcse assumptions?

7. Two types of smudge pots were tested for use to protect orchards from frost. A grapefruit grower
wants to compare them in terms of how long they bum before dying out. Two samples of burning
times for l0 smudge pots each are recorded below. It is desired to test whether or not there is a
difference berween mean burning times for the rwo t)?es of smudge por. The buming times (in
minutes) were:

Type

l:

612 583 629 595 653 596 624 5@ 576 593

2: 592 607 696 686 6S0 669 6s7 729 694 662
(i) Assume that the data behave as if they were two independent random
Typ'e

samples from rwo

different norrnal populations with the same variance. State the appropriate null and alternative
hypothesis, and test the null hypothesis at alpha=0.05. What is the resultingP-value? (Hint;'.
'fhe first sample has mean 602.50 and sample standard deviation
26.99.The second sample has
mean 671.20 and sample standard de r iarion 42.06 )

rii) \\'hat test sratisric did lou use? \\har is irs distriburicn under rhe n.rll hrpotresis?
liii) Find a 959'o cont-idence intenal for rhe ditTerence in mear bumins time benreen rh: nic noes
ofpot.
8. You are working on a magic pill that you think might totally eliminate pain when given to patienrs who are
experiencing severe pain. In your work, you have discovered three ingredients that might be effective ifeach is
used alone. Which drug therapy work best? The dependent measure is the degree of pain relief after 30 minutes
ofingestion. A higher value means greaterpain relief.
Drug I : 5,7,1 l, 10,10,6,4,8
Drug 2: 13,12,12,8,7,8,12,1 I
Drug 3: I 5, I l, I 3,10,10,16,14,1 I
Placebo: 10,8,5,9,6, I 3, 1 I, l6
your hypotheses, Report your Hypotheses in narrative and symbolic form. Use a = .01
What is the Dependent Variable? What is the Independent Variable?
I,t How many levels exist for the independent variable?
. Perlbrm the appropriare ANOVA. Present your results in an ANeVA Summary Table
Completc the Scheffe'Test if you find a Significant F . Compute rh R2 If necissary
.-.: Set irp

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9. t is assumed that achievement test scores should be correlated with studenr's classroom performance. One
would expect that students who consistently perflorm well in the classroom (tests, quizes, etc.) would also
perfonn well on a standardiaed achievement test (0.- 100 with 1.00 indicating high achievemenr). A teacher
decides to examine this hypothesis. At the end of the academic year, she computes a correlation between the
students achievement test scores (she purposefully did not look at this data until after she submitted students
grades) and the overall g.p.a. lor each student computed over the entire year. The data for her class are provided

below.

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rr :, rDigoeCitY
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MidtermExam
, ,. ,
Managerial Statistics

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Solve the following problems. Show your solutions.

1'

NFL football enthusiasts often look at a team's total points scored for (pts F) and total points
scored against (Pts A) as a way of comparing the relative strength of teams. The season totals ior the 32
[eams rn
in lne
the NFL lw9rSeason
2009
appear in.the followine table.
ftstr
Pts A
I Pts,F
ftsA
Pts F
Pts F
Pts A
ftsA
427
285
305
291
416
307
454
320
348
236
391
261
388
333
326
324
360
390rr
368
324
354
402
797
379

258

326'
250

351

429
402

337

427
336

266

24s
470
461
327

262

375

290

380

294

372

347
32s

375

375

510
363
315

494

2M

297

308
400

424
325.

330
280

281,

r75,

:436.

390

a.

for and against.

c.

l
What interpretation can you draw from the qnswer in part {a}?
Construct the scatter diagram and comment on how it supports or disagrees with your comment
in part (b).

2.

A formula

b.

that is sometimes given for computing the correbtinn coefFcbnt is

,(Zr.v)-(ErXEyt

r:Er

J,(E--E,rfiE

Use this expression as well as the formula

SS{rv)

where

JssG) s.r(r)

ss(.r7)-I"y

|:
,.,,anb

"

S*S(y)

I'P

; SS(x)=Ir'

ry

='I/' *,{I{)',:
,. /lt":
i.

to compute

for the data in the following table.

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3.

a ..

Two indicators of the level of ecoromic activity in a given geographical area are its median

houiehold income and the,percent of population in poverty. The table betow lists the data forlseven

provincesanditsassumedliouseholdincomeandpercentinpoverty.:
Provlnce
Davao del,Sur
Davao delrNorte
Davao Oriental

Median Household I nccinre

P54,735
P57.184
P50;174

Percent in PoYertv
9.5

11.2
11.3

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Davao Occidental:
Composteta .\lallelr
North Cotabato
'Sdranggani

a.
b.

P46,847

13.5

P49,;731

10.8

P43;719

t7.o

:P42;836

15.7

Calculate the correlation coefficient between the two variables,

Make an interpretation based on the value of r.

4.

A social psychologist investigating this problem asked 15 college students to fill out a
questionnaire concerning their attitudes toward a variety of topics. Some time later, they were shown
the "attitudes",of a stranger to the same items and were asked to rate the stranger as probable liking
for the strangei and probable enjoyment of working with hirn. The "attitude" of stranger were really
made up by the experimenter and varied over subjects regarding the proportion of attitudes held by
the stranger that were similar to those.held by the rater. Thus, for each subject, data were collected
concerning his attitude and the attraction of a stranger based on the stranger's attitude to the same
items' lf similarities attract, then there should be a direct relationship between the attraction of the
stranger and the proportion of his similar attitudes. The data are presented in the table below. The
higher the attraction, the higher the score. Thd maximum possible attraction score is 14. Compute the
Pearson r correlation coefficient to determine whether there ls a direct relationship between
similarity of attitudes and attraction

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