Bk5 Sol C14 E

14
New Progress in Senior Mathematics 5 (Compulsory Part) Solution Guide
14
p.166
Since P(5, 12) is on the terminal side of , we have
Trigonometry (1)
x 5 and y 12
r
5 2 ( 12) 2 13
By definition, sin
pp.163 190
p.163
y
12
r
13
cos
x
5
r
13
tan
y
12
x
5
p.167
Quadrant
sin
cos
tan
(a) 65
(b) 200
III
(c)
140
II
(d) 325
IV
1.
1.
lies in quadrant II.
2.
(e)
380
(f)
50
IV
lies in quadrant IV.
3.
lies in quadrant III.
2.
(a)
tan 0
lies in quadrant I
(b)
sin 0
lies in quadrant III or IV .
(c)
cos 0.4
lies in quadrant I
(d)
tan
1
2
quadrant II or IV
or III .
or IV .
lies in
.
(e)
sin cos 0
lies in quadrant II
(f)
sin 0 and tan 0
lies in quadrant II .
or IV .
p.168
sin 323 0.602 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(a)
4.
lies in quadrant I.
Hong Kong Educational Publishing Co.
148
(b)
sin 220 0.643 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(c)
tan 342 0.325 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(d)
tan 115 2.14 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(e)
cos( 293) 0.391 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(f)
sin( 52) 0.788 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(g)
cos( 219) 0.777 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(h)
tan( 126) 1.38 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
14
4.
p.171
Coordinates of P
sin
cos
tan
(r, 0)
90
(0, r)
undefined
180
(r, 0)
270
(0, r)
undefined
360
(r, 0)
In quadrant IV, the sine ratio is negative.

Thus, sin sin.
The reference angle 360 330
30
5.
p.172
Quadrant
Reference angle
1.
70
70
2.
200
III
20
3.
105
II
75
4.
25
25
5.
290
IV
70
6.
390
30
7.
100
III
80
8.
240
II
60
330 lies in quadrant IV.
sin330 sin30
1

In quadrant IV, the cosine ratio is positive.
Thus, cos cos.
30
6cos330 6cos30
3
6
2
6.

30
1 + sin210 1 sin30
60
sin120 sin60
3
2
1
2
1
2
p.182
1.
cos 0
90 or 270
240 lies in quadrant III.

In quadrant III, the cosine ratio is negative.
Thus, cos cos.
2.
sin 0.5
Since sin 0, may lie in either quadrant III or
60
2.
In quadrant III, the sine ratio is negative.

Thus, sin sin.
In quadrant II, the sine ratio is positive.

Thus, sin sin.
3 3
p.175
1.
120 lies in quadrant II.
quadrant IV.
Let be the reference angle of .
cos240 cos60
1
Then, sin 0.5
30
Locate the angle and its reference angle in each
3.
possible quadrant.
In quadrant III, the tangent ratio is positive.

Thus, tan tan.
45
tan225 tan45
1
149
Trigonometry (1)
Hence, if lies in quadrant III,
Function
Maximum value
Minimum value
1.
4cosx
2.
sinx 2
3.
cos 2 x 1
quadrant IV.
4.
3 sinx
Then, tan 1
5.
1
2
180 + 30 210
If lies in quadrant IV,
3.
360 30 330
210 or 330
tan 1
Since tan 0, may lie in either quadrant II or
6
cos x 2
2
3 sin x
45
6.
possible quadrant.
pp.175 198
14.1 Since tan 0, lies in quadrant I or III.
p.175
As it is given that 180 270, must lie in

quadrant III where sin 0 and cos 0.
Hence, if lies in quadrant II,
P(4, 3) is a point on the terminal side of .

x 4, y 3
180 45 = 135
If lies in quadrant IV,
4.
360 45 315
135 or 315
cos
x2 y2
( 4) 2 ( 3) 2 5
By definition, sin
y
3
r
5
cos
x
4
r
5
2
2
since cos 0, may lie in either quadrant II or

14.2 Since cos 0 and 90 180,
quadrant III.
Then, cos
p.176

Let P(3, y) be a point on the terminal side of , where
2
2
y 0.
We have x 3 and r 5.
45
5 2 ( 3) 2 y 2
y 2 16
possible quadrant.
y4
sin
y
r
4
5
tan
y
4
x
3
Hence, if lies in quadrant II,
180 45= 135

If lies in quadrant III,
180 + 45 225
135 or 225
p.190
150
14
14.3 (a)
cos(180 ) tan(180 )
6 sin 8 cos 0
14.7 (a)
p.179
6 sin 8 cos
sin
4
cos
3
4
tan
3
cos ( tan )
sin
cos
cos
sin
(b)
p.184
126.9 or 306.9 (cor. to 1
2 sin(180 )
cos(360 )
2( sin )
cos
2 sin
cos
2 tan
d. p.)
tan 2 2 0
tan 2 2
(b)
tan
2 or
54.7,
125.3, 234.7 or 305.3
(cor. to 1 d. p.)
14.4
p.184
p.180
sin
2 sin 0
cos
sin 2 sin cos 0
1
( sin ) 4( cos )
tan
cos
( sin ) 4 cos
sin
cos 4 cos
3 cos
14.5 L.H.S.
sin(90 ) sin(180 )
tan(180 )
sin (1 2 cos ) 0
14.9
1
2
or 180 120 or
0, 120, 180 or 240
2 sin 2 3 cos 0
2(1 cos 2 ) 3 cos 0
p.184
2 2 cos 2 3 cos 0
2 cos 2 3 cos 2 0
(cos 2)(2 cos 1) 0
cos 2 (rejected) or cos
1
2
120 or 180 + 60
120 or 240
cos 2
R.H.S.
14.10 (i) & (ii)
sin(90 ) sin(180 )
cos 2
tan(180 )
5 cos 2
p.183
2
5
Hence, 113.57818 or 180 + 66.42182
113 .6 or 246.4 (cor. to 1 d. p.)
cos
240
p.180
sin(180 (90 ) sin

tan
sin(90 ) sin
tan
cos sin
sin
cos
cos
cos sin
sin
cos
sin 0 or
14.6
tan 2 sin 0
14.8
tan(90 ) sin(180 ) 4 cos(180 )
151
p.192
Trigonometry (1)
14.11
P.197
(b)
To solve the equation, we draw a straight line

y 2 on the graph of
y 2 cos x 3 sin x .
From the graph, the straight line cuts the curve
at x 66 or 180.
Therefore, the solution is 66 or 180.
(a)
Draw the straight line y 3 on the graph.
pp.175 198
The straight line cuts the curve at x 72
(b)
and 252, so the equation of tanx 3 for

0 x 360 is 72 or 252.
Example 14.1T
270 360, must lie in quadrant IV where sin 0 and
p.175
Since tan 0, lies in quadrant II or IV. As it is given that

cos 0. P(12, 5) is a point on the terminal side of .
x 12, y 5
The straight line cuts the curve at x 117

and 297, so the equation of tan x 2
for 0 x 360 is 117 or 297.
x2 y2
By definition, sin
14.12
p.198
cos
12 2 ( 5) 2 13
y
5
r
13
x 12
r
13
Example 14.2T
p.176
Since sin 0 and 180 270, lies in quadrant III.

Let P(x, 2) be a point on the terminal side of , where x 0.
We have y 2 and r 5.
(a)
5 2 x 2 (2) 2
x 2 21
Since the graph passes through (0, 2),
x 21 or
we have
2 a cos 0 b sin 0
cos
2 a (1) b (0)
a 2
Since the graph passes through (90, 3),
tan
we have
3 2 cos 90 b sin 90
3 2(0) b(1)
b3
21 (rejected)
x
r
21
5
y
2
x
21
2
21
Example 14.3T
(a)
152
p.179
tan(180 ) sin(90 )
tan cos
sin
(cos )
cos
sin
14
(b)
cos(180 )
cos
cos
cos
Example 14.6T
p.183
( 2 1) sin 2
2
sin
2 1
Hence, 55.93750 or 180 55.93750

Example 14.4T
55.9 or 124.1 (cor. to 1 d. p.)
p.180
Example 14.7T
sin(90 ) cos(90 ) 2 sin(180 ) cos

sin(180 (90 )) cos(180 (90 )) 2 sin
(a) cos
7 sin
sin(90 )[ cos(90 )] 2 sin cos
cos ( sin ) 2 sin cos
sin cos 2 sin cos
3 sin cos
Example 14.5T
p.180
1
sin( 270 )
L.H.S.
cos 2
tan (180 )
(b)
7 sin
sin
cos
sin
cos
tan
7 cos
7
7
1
1
135 or 315
1
4
cos 2
60, 120, 240 or 300
Example 14.8T
cos 2 tan cos 0

sin
cos 0
cos
cos sin cos 0
cos (sin 1) 0
cos 2
cos 0 or sin 1
90 or 270
R.H.S.
1
sin( 270 )
cos
cos
tan 2 (180 )
7 cos 0
1 4 cos 2
1
cos 2
4
1
1
or
cos
2
2
1
sin(180 (90 ))
cos
tan 2
1
sin(90 )
cos
tan 2
1
cos
cos
tan 2
1 cos 2
cos2
sin
cos 2
sin 2 cos 2
cos sin 2
cos
p.183
153
p.184
Trigonometry (1)
Example 14.9T
p.184
Example 14.12T
p.198
2 cos 2 sin 1 0
2(1 sin 2 ) sin 1 0
2 2 sin 2 sin 1 0
2 sin 2 sin 1 0
(sin 1)(2 sin 1) 0
sin 1
90
or sin
1
2
180 30
or
360 30
(a)
210 or 330
From the graphs, the curve cuts the x-axis at x 72 or

252.
90, 210 or 330
Example 14.10T
p.191
(b)
To solve the equation, we draw a straight line y 1.5

on the graph of y 3cos x sin x.
(a) & (b)
From the graph, the straight line cuts the curve at

x 43 and 280.
14.1
pp.164
p.164
Example 14.11T
(a)
p.196
1.
lies in quadrant I.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Draw the straight line y 0.6 on the graph. The straight

line cuts the curve at x 54 and 306, so the solution of
7.
cos x 0.6 for 0 x 360 is 54 or 306.

(b)
Draw the straight line y 0.7 on the graph. The

straight line cuts the curve at x 135 and 225, so the
solution of cos x 0.7 for 0 x 360 is 135 or
225.
8.
154
14
14.2
pp.169 170
p.169
9.
1.
we have x 3 and y 4.
p.164
10.
11.
12.
430 360 + 70
lies in quadrant I.
830 360 + 360 + 110
200 360 200
Since P(3, 4) is a point on the terminal side of ,
160
2.
32 4 2 5
By definition, sin
y
4
r
5
cos
x
3
r
5
tan
y
4
x
3

r
9 2 ( 12) 2 15
By definition, sin
13.
(a)
(b)
lies in quadrant I.
3.
y
12
4
r
15
5
cos
x
9
3
r
15 5
tan
y
12
4
x
9
3

r
14.
By definition, sin
y
12
r
13
cos
x
5
r
13
tan
y
12 12
x
5
5
(a)
(b)
( 5) 2 ( 12) 2 13

4.

r
( 6) 2 8 2 10
By definition, sin
155
y
8
4
r
10
5
cos
x
6
3
r
10
5
tan
y
8
4
x
6
3
Trigonometry (1)
5.
6.
7.
8.
(a)
cos123 0.545 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(b)
sin242 0.883 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(c)
(c)
tan(98) 7.12 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(d)
(d)
cos(252) 0.309 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(e)
(a)
sin560 0.342 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(f)
tan670 1.19 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
(b)
(d)
9.

r
( 1) 2 2 2
15.
cos
x
1
r
5
tan
y
2
2
x
1
7 ) is a point on the terminal side of ,
Since P(3,
we have x 3 and y
r
3 ( 7 )2 4
lies in quadrant II or III.
16.
lies in quadrant I or III.
Since P(
7 .
By definition, sin
y
7
r
4
cos
x
3
r
4
tan
y
7
x
3
3 , 1) is a point on the terminal side of
,
we have x
r
lies in quadrant III or IV.
3 and y 1.
( 3 ) 2 ( 1) 2 2
By definition, sin
sin 2
5
cos 2
tan 2 5
y
1
r
2
cos
tan
y

x
tan 5 or 5
y
2
By definition, sin r
5
sin 0.7
sin 0
12.
14.
tan 1.8
tan 0
11.
p.170
cos 0.3
cos 0
10.
13.
lies in quadrant I, II, III or IV.

17.
3
2
1
3

156
14
( 2) 2 ( 3) 2
y
cos
tan
18.
21.
13

13
By definition, sin
y
7
r
25
cos
x
24
r
25
tan
y
7
7
x
24
24
13
y
3
x
2
3
2
22.
(a)
12 2 ( 5) 2 13
By definition, sin
19.
(b)
y
5
r
13
cos
x 12
r
13
tan
y
5
x
12
(c)
(d)
r
( 15) 2 8 2 17
By definition, sin
y
8
r
17
23.
(a)
x
15
cos
r
17
tan
Since is an obtuse angle, it lies in quadrant II.
x
( 24) 2 ( 7) 2 25
y
8
x
15
(b)
sin is positive.
tan is negative.
tan is positive.
tan is negative and cos is negative.
tan cos is positive.
sin is positive.
sin 2 is negative.
cos 0 and is a reflex angle
cos sin 0
cos 0 and sin 0 or cos 0 and

sin 0
20.

r
16 2 ( 12) 2 20
By definition, sin
cos
y
12
3
r
20
5
x
16
4
r
20
5
24.
y
12
3
tan
x
16
4
157
(a)
lies in quadrant I or III.
Trigonometry (1)
(b)
Since tan
5
, let P(12, 5) be a point on
12
6.
(a)

Thus, sin sin.
the
terminal side of the angle of rotation .
30
We have x 12 and y 5.
r
( 5) ( 12)
2
13
y
5
By definition, sin
r
13
cos
x
12
r
13
(b)
sin150 sin30
1

In quadrant II, the cosine ratio is negative.
Thus, cos cos.
14.3
30
pp.177 178
p.177
1.
(a)
Since 54 lies in quadrant I,
(c)
reference angle 54.

(b)
2.
(a)
In quadrant II, the tangent ratio is negative.

Thus, tan tan.
Since 223 lies in quadrant III,

reference angle 223 180 43.
Since 156 lies in quadrant II,
30
(a)
(b)
(a)
7.
(a)
Since 335 lies in quadrant IV,
In quadrant IV, the sine ratio is negative.

Thus, sin sin.
Since 395 lies in quadrant I,
60
sin300 sin60
3
2
Since 246 lies in quadrant II,

(b)
3
3

4.
tan150 tan30

3.
3
2

(b)
cos150 cos30
(b)

Thus, cos cos.

60
5.
(a)
sin270 1
(b)
tan360 tan0
cos300 cos60
1
(c)
cos180 1
158
14
(c)
9.
In quadrant IV, the tangent ratio is negative.

Thus, tan tan.

Thus, tan tan.
60
45
tan300 tan60
3
8.
(a)
4+tan315 4 + (tan45)
4 tan 45
4 1
3

10.

Thus, sin sin.

Thus, tan tan.
30
60
4sin210 4(sin30)
1
4
2
10 tan 120 10( tan 60) 2

2
10 tan 2 60
2
(b)
10( 3 ) 2
10(3)
30

Thus, cos cos.
11.

30
6cos210 6(cos30)
3
6
12.
13.

30
3 tan210
3 tan30
3
3
lies in quadrant II where cos 0.

x 4, y 3

Thus, tan tan.
cos270 + cos360 sin360

0+10
1
3 3
(c)
sin180 cos180 tan180

0 (1) 0
1
x2 y2
By definition, cos
( 4) 2 3 2 5
x
4
r
5
14.
Since tan 0, lies in quadrant I or III. As it is given

that 180 270, must lie in quadrant III where
3
3
1
sin 0. P(3, 4) is a point on the terminal side of .

x 3, y 4
x2 y2
By definition, sin
159
( 3) 2 ( 4) 2 5
y
4
r
5
Trigonometry (1)
15.
Since sin 0, lies in quadrant I or II. As it is given
18.
lies in quadrant IV. Let P(
terminal side of , where y 0. We have x
Let P(x, 15) be a point on the terminal side of , where
and
r 9.
x 0. We have y 15 and r 17.
17 2 x 2 15 2
x 2 64
9 2 ( 17 ) 2 y 2
y 8 or 8 (rejected)
x
cos
r
sin
8
17
tan
lies in quadrant IV. Let P(x, 2) be a point on the

terminal side of , where x 0. We have y 2 and
r 13 .
17
y 2 64
x 8 or 8 (rejected)
16.
17 , y) be a point on the
that 90 180, must lie in quadrant II.
y
r
8
9
y
x
8
17
( 13 ) 2 x 2 ( 2) 2
x2 9
p.178
x 3 (rejected) or 3
cos
x
r
(a)
cos540 cos(540 360)

cos180
1
tan
19.
13
y
x
(b)
tan720 tan(720 360 360)

tan0
0
(c)
17.
sin450 sin(450 360)
Since cos 0, lies in quadrant II or III. As it is given
sin90
that 180 270, must lie in quadrant III.
Let P(5, y) be a point on the terminal side of , where

y 0. We have x 5 and r 13.
20.
(a)
132 ( 5) 2 y 2
405 lies in quadrant I.
y 2 144
In quadrant I, the sine ratio is positive.

Thus, sin sin.
y 12 or 12 (rejected)
sin
y
r
Since 405 360 + 45,
The reference angle 45
12
13
sin405 sin45
y
x
12
5
12
tan
(b)
2
2
Since 570 360 + 210,

Thus, cos cos.
30
cos570 cos30
160
3
2
14
(c)
Since 585 360 + 225,
23.

Thus, sin sin.

Thus, tan tan.
60
45
sin240 sin60
tan585 tan45
3
2

21.

Thus, tan tan.
In quadrant IV, the sine ratio is negative, the cosine

ratio is positive.
Thus, sin sin, cos cos.
60
tan120 tan60
30
sin330 sin30
and
2
3
cos330 cos30
2
1
3
sin330 cos330
2
2
22.
3
8
2
8 sin 240

tan 120
3
3
4
24.
The reference angle 60

30
sin60
3
2
tan150 tan30

Thus, cos cos.
3
3
60

Thus, tan tan.
cos120 cos60

30
tan330 tan30
In quadrant I, the sine ratio is positive.

Thus, sin sin.

Thus, tan tan.
4 3
1
2
3
2
3
3

3
3
3
9
1
25.
Since tan 0 and sin 0, lies in quadrant II.

x 1, y 3
x2 y2
( 1) 2 32
x
By definition, cos r
3 1

4 4
1
3
3
tan150 tan330
sin 60 cos 120

2
161
1
10
10
Trigonometry (1)
26.
Since cos 0 and tan 0, lies in quadrant IV.

Let P( 5 , y) be a point on the terminal side of ,
where y 0. We have x
3 ( 5) y
2
29.
5 and r 3.
terminal side of .
x 1, y 2 2
y2 4
y 2 or 2 (rejected)
x2 y2
x
1
r
3
the terminal side of .

x 1, y 2 2
Let P(x, 4) be a point on the terminal side of , where

x 0. We have y 4 and r 5.
5 2 x 2 ( 4) 2
x2 y2
x 3 or 3 (rejected)
tan
28.
30.
y
x
x
1
r
3
Therefore, cos
1
1
or
3
3
Since cos 0, lies in quadrant I or IV.

If lies in quadrant I:
Let P(3, y) be a point on the terminal side of ,
where y 0. We have x 3 and r 13 .
4
3
( 13 ) 2 32 y 2
y2 4
Since sin 0, lies in quadrant I or II.
y 2 (rejected) or 2
Let P(x, 5) be a point on the terminal side of ,
sin
where x 0. We have y 5 and r 13.
132 x 2 5 2
x 2 144
( 13 ) 2 32 y 2
y 2 or 2 (rejected)
132 x 2 5 2
sin
x 2 144
x 12 or 12 (rejected)
5
12
Therefore, tan
y
r
2
13
Therefore, sin
y
x
13
y2 4
tan

y
x
5
12
tan
If lies in quadrant II:
y
r
If lies in quadrant IV:
x 12 (rejected) or 12
12 ( 2 2 ) 2 3
By definition, cos
x2 9
( 1) 2 ( 2 2 ) 2 3
If lies in quadrant IV, P(1, 2 2 ) is a point on
Since sin 0 and cos 0, lies in quadrant II.
By definition, cos
y
sin
r
2
27.
Since tan 0, lies in quadrant II or IV.

If lies in quadrant II, P(1, 2 2 ) is a point on the
31.
2
13
or
2
13
lies in quadrant II where sin 0 and cos 0.

x 3, y 4
5
5
or
12
12
162
x2 y 2
( 3) 2 4 2 5
14
y 4
r
5
x
3
cos
r
5
3.
By definition, sin
sin 2 cos
sin + sin
2 sin
4
3
2
5
5
4.
4 6
5 5
2
0
5.
Since tan 0, lies in quadrant II or IV.
tan
sin 0 and cos 0.

x 3, y 2
r
x2 y2
By definition, sin
( 3) 2 2 2
2
13
3
13
13
sin cos
6.
13
r
13
cos
6
13
tan
sin
sin
cos
sin
sin
cos sin
1
cos

x 3, y 2
x2 y2
3 2 ( 2) 2
13
y
2
r
13
x
3
cos
r
13
By definition, sin
sin cos
tan(180 )
sin(180 )
7.
sin 0 and cos 0.
sin(180 )
cos(90 )
sin
sin
1
If lies in quadrant IV:
tan(180 + ) tan(90 )
tan
cos(90 ) sin(180 )
sin sin
32.
sin(180 ) sin(180 + )
sin (sin )
13
sin cos
13
6
13
8.
6
13
sin(90 )
cos(360 )
cos
cos
1
14.4
9.
pp.180 181
1 sin 2
cos 2
R.H.S. cos(360 ) sin(90 )
cos cos
cos 2 L.H.S.
p.180
1.
sin sin(360 )
sin (sin)
2
sin
2.
1 sin 2 (180 ) cos(360 ) sin(90 )
cos(180 ) + cos(360 )
cos +cos
0
L.H.S. 1 sin 2 (180 )
163
Trigonometry (1)
10.
L.H.S. sin(180 )
14.
sin
R.H.S. cos(360 ) tan(180 )
cos tan
sin
cos
cos
sin L.H.S.
sin(180 ) cos(360 ) tan(180 )

p.181
11.
sin(90 ) cos( )
cos(360 )
sin(180 (90 )) cos
cos
sin(90 ) cos
cos
cos cos
cos
cos
tan(180 ) sin( 270 )
cos(90 )
15.
1 sin(180 ) cos(90 )
1 sin cos(180 (90 ))
1 sin ( cos(90 ))
1 sin ( sin )
tan sin(360 (90 ))

cos(180 (90 )
tan ( sin(90 ))
cos(90 )
sin
( cos )
cos
sin
sin
sin
1
1 sin 2
cos 2
12.
sin 2 (90 ) sin(180 ) cos( 270 )

cos 2 ( sin ) cos(360 (90 ))
cos 2 sin cos(90 )
cos sin sin
cos 2 sin 2
1
13.
cos 2 (180 ) tan(180 )

sin(90 )
16.
sin(90 ) sin(180 )
tan(360 )
cos ( sin )
tan
cos sin
sin
cos
cos
cos sin
sin
cos 2 tan
sin(180 (90 ))
cos 2 tan
sin(90 )
cos 2 tan
cos
sin
cos
cos
sin
17.
cos 2
sin( 270 )
cos(360 )
sin(180 (90 ))
cos cos
cos
sin(90 )
cos 2
cos
cos
cos 2
cos
cos 2 1
cos( ) cos(360 )
(1 cos 2 )
sin 2
164
14
sin( )
tan(360 )
sin(360 ) tan(360 )
18.
5.
sin
tan
sin
tan
1 1
2
180 30 or 180 + 30
150 or 210
6.
19.
20.
180 30 or 360 30
tan(180 (90 ))
tan(90 )
1
R.H.S.
tan
1
tan(90 )
tan
150 or 330
7.
48.2 or 311.8 (cor. to 1 d. p.)

8.
4sin cos
sin
1
cos
4
1
tan
4
sin
cos 2
cos 2 sin 2
cos 2
1
R.H.S.
cos 2
2
1 tan 2 (180 )
2
3
Hence, 48.18969 or 360 48.18696
1 tan 2
3cos 2
cos
L.H.S. 1 tan 2 (180 )
3
3
tan
L.H.S. tan(90 )
3
2
cos
Hence, 180 14.03624 or 360 14.03624

166.0 or 346.0 (cor. to 1 d. p.)
5 cos 2
9.
1
cos 2
cos
2
5
Hence, 26.56505 or 360 26.56505
26.6 or 333.4 (cor. to 1 d. p.)
14.5
pp.185 186
10.
2 sin
2 sin 7 cos
p.185
1.
sin
7
cos
2
1
cos
2
tan
60 or 360 60
60 or 300
2.
sin
2
2
11.
1
5 1
Hence, 36 or 360 36
36 or 324
60 or 240
sin 0
0 or 180
5 cos 1 cos
cos
60 or 180 + 60
4.
127.1 or 307.1 (cor. to 1 d. p.)
cos ( 5 1) 1
225 or 315
tan
7
2
5 cos cos 1
180 + 45 or 360 45
3.
7 cos 0
165
Trigonometry (1)
4sin 1
12.
2 sin
p.185
4 sin 2 sin 1
sin
3 cos 2 sin cos 0
19.
sin (4 2 ) 1
cos ( 3 2 sin ) 0
1
4 2
Hence, 22.75115 or 180 22.75115
90 or 270
22.8 or 157.2 (cor. to 1 d. p.)

13.
60,
2 cos 2 1 0
1
cos 2
2
cos
1
2
sin
4 sin 0
cos
sin 4 sin cos 0
or
sin (1 4 cos ) 0
45 or 180 45
0
75.52249
75.5 or 284.5 (cor. to 1 d.
3 or
p.)
60 or 180 60
0,
60 or 120
15.
2 sin tan cos 0
21.
2 sin 2
3 sin cos 0
sin ( 2 sin 1) 0
or sin
sin 0
1
2
45 or 180 45
0 or 180
45 or 135
0,
3 cos 0
sin
sin
cos
sin
cos 0
cos
2 sin 2 sin 0
150
sin
75.5 , 180 or 284.5
3 sin cos
sin
1
cos
3
1
tan
3
180 30
16.
1
4
or 180 75.52249 or 360
sin 0 or cos
tan 2 3 0
tan 2 3
tan
60 or 180 60 120
90 , 120 or 270
tan 4sin 0
20.
45 or 135
14.
3
2
cos 0 or sin
22.
3 cos
3
tan 3
60
45 , 135 or 180
2 cos 2 cos 1 0
( 2 cos 1)(cos 1) 0
1
cos
2
or cos 1
180 60 or 180 + 60
120 or 240
17.
sin sin 40
0, 120 or 240
40 or 180 40
40 or 140
tan 2 (1
23.
tan (1
2
18.
cos cos(70)
3 ) tan
(tan
cos70
tan
70
3 ) tan
3 or
3 0
3 )(tan 1) 0
tan 1
60 or 180 + 60 180 45 or 360 45

60 or 240
166
135 or 315
60, 135,
240 or 315
14
24.
2 sin 2 3 cos 3 0
2(1 cos 2 ) 3 cos 3 0
1
4
tan
sin
1
4
sin
4

sin
sin
cos
cos
4 sin cos
4
cos
sin sin
2
4 sin cos 2 4 cos
4 tan
28.
2 2 cos 2 3 cos 3 0
2 cos 2 3 cos 1 0
( 2 cos 1)(cos 1) 0
1
2
cos
cos 1
or
60 or 360 60
0,
4(1 cos 2 ) cos 2 4 cos 0
60 or 300
4 4 cos 2 cos 2 4 cos 0

3 cos 2 4 cos 4 0
2 cos 2 1 sin
2(1 sin 2 ) 1 sin
25.
3 cos 2 4 cos 4 0
(3 cos 2)(cos 2) 0
2
cos
or cos 2 (rejected)
3
2 2 sin 2 1 sin
2 sin 2 sin 1 0
( 2 sin 1)(sin 1) 0
sin
1
2
48.18969 or 360 48.18969
sin 1
or
30 or 180 30
270
30 or 150
26.
29.
2cos( 10) 1 0
30, 150 or 270
cos( 10)
sin 2 cos sin

sin 2 2(1 sin 2 ) sin
2
10 60 or 300
70 or 310
sin 2 2 sin
30.
sin 2 sin 2 0
(sin 1)(sin 2) 0
2 sin
sin 2
90
1
tan
1
sin
3

sin
cos
cos
3 sin cos
cos sin
3 sin 2 cos 2
3
cos
3
cos
Since
31.
3
cos
3 sin
cos 0
(2 sin 1)(sin 1) 0
30 or 180 30
sin 1
90 (rejected)
30 or 150
or
270 or
2 sin 3 sin 1 0
or
3 is not a real number, the equation

2
sin 2 cos 1
1 cos 2 cos 1
cos 2 cos 0
cos (cos 1) 0
1
2
30 or 150
3
2
has no solutions.
3 sin 2 1 sin 2 3 sin 0
sin
3
2
sin
3 tan
27.
3 0
sin 2 (rejected)
or
1
2
10 60 or 360 60
sin 2 2 2 sin 2 sin
sin 1
48.2 or 311.8 (cor. to 1 d. p.)
167
cos 1
180
180 or 270
Trigonometry (1)
tan sin cos 1
32.
34.
sin
(sin ) cos 1
cos
2(1 sin )
tan(90 )
cos
2 2 sin
1
cos
tan
2 2 sin
1
sin
cos
cos
2 2 sin cos
cos
sin
cos 2 2 sin 2 sin 2
(a)
sin 2
cos 1
cos
sin 2 cos 2 cos
1 cos 2 cos 2 cos
2 cos 2 cos 1 0
(2 cos 1)(cos 1) 0
cos
1
2
1 sin 2 2 sin 2 sin 2
or
3 sin 2 2 sin 1 0
cos 1
180 60
(b)
120
33.
0 or 120
cos 2 sin 1
cos sin
4
4(cos 2 sin ) cos sin
4 cos 8 sin cos sin
3 cos 9 sin
3 sin

9 cos
1
tan
3
180 18.43495
2(1 sin )
tan(90 )
cos
3 sin 2 2 sin 1 0
(3 sin 1)(sin 1) 0
1
sin
or sin 1 (rejected)
3
19.47122 or 180 19.47122
19.5 or 160.5 (cor. to 1
d. p.)
35.
2 x 2 3 cos(180 ) x sin 1 0
2 x 2 3( cos ) x sin 1 0
2 x 2 (3 cos ) x sin 1 0
Since the equation has equal roots, 0
161.6 (cor. to 1 d. p.)
( 3 cos ) 2 4( 2)(sin 1) 0
9 cos 2 8 sin 8 0
9(1 sin 2 ) 8 sin 8 0
9 sin 2 8 sin 1 0
(9 sin 1)(sin 1) 0
sin
1
or sin 1 (rejected)
9
is an obtuse angle.
180 6.37937
173.6 (cor. to 1 d. p.)
14.6
pp.192 195
p.192
1.
(a)
The maximum value of the function is 1.

The minimum value of the function is 3.
168
(b)
The y-intercept is 2.
(c)
The curve passes through the point (0, 2)

14
Substituting (0, 2) into y sinx + k,
1 sin x 1
4sin x
4
4sin x
4
11.
2 sin0 + k
we have
2 0 + k
4 2 4 sin x 2 4 2
2 4 sin x 2 6
k 2
2.
4
4
The period is 360.
The maximum and minimum values are 6 and 2

3.
The period is 360.
4.
The period is 180.
respectively.
12.
5.
6.
The period is 180.
5 5 cos x 5
respectively.

respectively.
7.
13.
1 cos x
6 6 cos 2 x 7
cos x 1
cos 2 x 0 and 1 cos x 1

0
cos 2 x
6 0 6 cos 2 x 6 1
sin 2 x 0 and 1 sin x 1

0
sin 2 x
1 4 cos x 4 1 4
3 cos x 4 5
1
0
sin x
2
8 1 8 sin 2 x 8 0
7 8 sin 2 x 8
respectively.
respectively.
8.
sin x
14.
2 2 sin x 2
2 2 sin x 2
2 ( 1)
sin x
respectively.
15.
1 3
cos x
cos x + 3
respectively.
1
1
1
4
cos x 3
2
8
8
8
cos x 3
4
2
8
2
4
cos x 3
cos x
3
3 cos x
3 2 3 cos x 2 3 2
1 3 cos x 2 5
1 sin x 1
5 1 5 sin x 5 1
6 5 sin x 4
4 5 sin x 6
10.
2 1
1
2
2
12 ( 2 sin x ) 3
1 ( 2 sin x ) 2 9
respectively.
2 + sin x
2 + sin x
9.
1 sin x
cos x + 3
1 3
respectively.
respectively.
169
Trigonometry (1)
16.
1
sin x
1
2 1 2 sin x
2 sin x
1
sin x
1
2 1
(c)
Substituting (180, 1) into y asinx + b, we have
1 a sin 180 b
1 a (0) b
b 1
1
1
1
3
2 sin x
The curve passes through (90, 3).

Substituting (90, 3) into y asinx + b, we have
1
The maximum and minimum values are 1 and
3
3
3
3
a
respectively.
1 cos x
1
17.
3 1
2
22
4
cos x
3 cos x
3 cos x
(3 cos x ) 2
1
4
42
16
21.
32
32
32
2
(3 cos x )
16
4
32
8
2
(3 cos x ) 2
The maximum and minimum values are 1 and

3 respectively.
(c)
respectively.
(a)
(b)
a 2, b 1.
3 1
(3 cos x ) 2
1
1
1
2
(3 cos x )
16
4
18.
a sin 90 b
ab
a 1
2
sin 2 x 0 and 1 sin x 1

0 sin 2 x
0 4 sin 2 x 4 1 4
4 sin 2 x 4 5
The period is 360.

respectively.
19.
cos( x 30)
1
1 cos( x 30)
2 2 cos( x 30) 2
22.
1
1
(a)
(b)
respectively.

respectively.
(c)
(a)
The period is 360.
(b)
From the graph, when x 180, y 1.
The graph of y cos(x + 180) is obtained by

translating the graph of y cos x to the right (or
p.193
20.
left) by 180 or reflecting the graph of y cos x

about the x-axis.
170
14
(b)
If y 5,
(3 cos x 1) 2 5 5
(3 cos x 1) 2 0
3 cos x 1 0
1
cos x
3
23.
x 70.52878 or 360 70.52878
(a)
x 70.5 or 289.5 (cor. to 1 d.
(b)
The x-intercepts are 60, 240 and 420.
(c)
The period is 180.
p.)
14.7
pp.199 203
p.199
1.
24.
(a)
(b)

respectively.
25.
(a)
cos x
3 3cos x
3 1
3cos x 1
3 1
(a)
(3 cos x 1)

straight line cuts the curve at x 36 and 144, so
the solution of sin x 0.6 for 0 x 360 is
3cosx 1
(4)
36 or 144.
(3 cos x 1) 2
(b)
16

the solution of 5sin x 1 for 0 x 360 is
0 5 (3 cos x 1) 2 5 16 5
5 (3 cos x 1) 2 5 21
192 or 348.
The maximum value of y is 21.

When y 21,
(c)
(3 cos x 1) 2 5 21
3cos x 1 4
or
3cos x 1 4
3cos x 5
or
3cos x 3
5
cos x
(rejected) cos x 1
3
x 180
The corresponding value of x is 180.

straight line does not cut the curve, so
2sinx 2.2 has no solutions.
(3 cos x 1) 2 16
171
Trigonometry (1)
(c)
2.

the solution of cos x +
3
0 for
10
0 x 360 is 108 or 252.

4.
(a)
12
on the graph of y 2sin x 3cos x.
5
Draw the straight line y 2 on the graph. The

the solution of tan x 2 for 0 x 360 is
63 or 243.
(b)


x 99 and 195. Therefore, the solution is 99 or 195.
the solution of tan x + 1.5 0 for

0 x 360 is 123 or 303.
(c)
5.

the solution of 2tan x 5 for 0 x 360 is
(a)

y 1 on the graph of y sin x + 2cos x.
69 or 249.
3.

x 90. Therefore, the solution is 90.
(a)
(b)

the solution of cos x 0.4 for 0 x 360
From the graph, the curve cuts the x-axis at

x 117. Therefore, the solution is 117.
is 114 or 246.
(b)

the solution of 5cos x 3 for 0 x 360 is
54 or 306.
172
14
p.202
6.
(a)
8.
(a) & (b)
Since the graph passes through (0, 1.0), we have
1.0 a sin 0 b cos 0

1 a (0) b (1)
b 1
Since the graph passes through (90, 1.0),

we have
1.0 a sin 90 b cos 90

1 a (1) b (0)
(b)
a 1
To solve the equation, we draw a straight line y 0.6

on the graph of y sin x.

y 0.4 on the graph of y sin x + cos x.
From the graph, the straight line cuts the curve at 36

and 144.
9.
(a)
Since the graph passes through (0, 2), we have
2 a sin 0 b cos 0
2 a (0) b(1)
b2

x 150 and 300. Therefore, the solution is 150 or
1 a sin 90 b cos 90
1 a (1) b(0)
300.
7.
(b)
a 1
The curve y asin x + bcos x cuts the curve

y tan x at x 39 and 117, so the solution is 39
or 117.
(c)
5a sin x 5b cos x 4
5( a sin x b cos x) 4
a sin x b cos x 0.8
Draw the straight line y 0.8 on the graph.
(a)
The curve cuts the x-axis at x 115.

Therefore, the solution is 115.
(b)

straight line cuts the curve at x 97, so the
solution of 3sin x + 4cos x 1 1.5 for
0 x 120 is 97.
(c)
The straight line cuts the curve at x 42 and 264,

so the solution of 5asin x + 5bcos x 4 for
0 x 360 is 42 or 264.

straight line cuts the curve at x 0 and 74, so the
solution of 3sin x + 4cos x 1 3 for
0 x 120 is 0 or 74.
173
Trigonometry (1)
5.
(a)

Thus, sin sin.
pp.208 215

30
p.208
1.
(a)
Quadrant I
(b)
Quadrant III
(c)
Quadrant IV
(d)
Quadrant II
(e)
Quadrant III
(f)
Quadrant I
sin150 sin30
1
2

Thus, cos cos.
60
cos300 cos60
1
2
sin150 + cos300
1 1
2 2
2.
(a)
(b)
(b)
3.

Thus, cos cos.
Quadrant IV
30

r
( 8) 2 (15) 2 17
4.
In quadrant I, the tangent ratio is positive.

Thus, tan tan.
30
tan390 tan30
( 9) 2 ( 12) 2 15
By definition,
y
12
sin
r
15
4
5
tan
3
2
y
15
x
8
cos210 cos30
By definition,
x
8
cos
r
17
tan
1
3
3
cos210tan390
2
0.5
y
12
x
9
4
3
6.
174
(a)
14
(b)
lies in quadrant II where cos 0 and sin 0.
Since sin 0, lies in quadrant I or II.

Let P(x, 7 ) be a point on the terminal side of ,
where x 0. We have y
x2 y2
By definition, cos
sin
7.
10.

x 12, y 5
( 12) 2 5 2 13
x
12
r
13
42 x 2 ( 7 )2
x2 9
y
5
r
13
x 3 (rejected) or 3
x
r
3
cos
Since cos 0 and sin 0, lies in quadrant II.


Let P(x, 7 ) be a point on the terminal side of ,
( 5 ) 2 ( 1) 2 y 2
where x 0. We have y
y2 4
y 2 (rejected) or 2
tan
y
x
4 x ( 7)
2
x 3 or 3 (rejected)
x
r
3
cos
lies in quadrant IV where sin 0. P(3, 1) is a point
Therefore, cos
on the terminal side of .

x 3, y 1
x2 y2
3 2 ( 1) 2
y
9.
10
3 tan sin(90 ) sin(180 )

sin
3
cos sin
cos
3 sin sin
2 sin
12.
cos(180 ) tan(360 )
cos ( tan )
10
quadrant II.
132 x 2 5 2
x 2 144
cos tan
cos
x
r
sin
cos
cos
x 12 or 12 (rejected)
3
4
11.
Since sin 0 and is an obtuse angle, lies in
7 and r 4.
x2 9
8.
7 and r 4.
sin
12
13
13.
+ + 180 ( sum of )
+ 180
cos cos( ) cos cos(180 )

cos ( cos )
cos cos
0
175
Trigonometry (1)
14.
L.H.S. cos 2 (360 ) cos 2
19.
R.H.S. cos(180 ) sin(90 )
( cos ) cos
cos cos
cos 2 L.H.S.
3 cos 2 2 sin 0
3(1 sin 2 ) 2 sin 0
3 3 sin 2 2 sin 0
3 sin 2 2 sin 3 0
sin
cos 2 (360 ) cos(180 ) sin(90 )

15.
2 sin 1 0
sin
1
2
180 + 30 or 360 30
210 or 330
3 tan 1 0
16.
tan
20.
30 or 210
sin
( 2) 2 4(3)(3)
2(3)
40
6
2 2 10
6
1 10
3
1 10
1 10
or
(rejected)
3
3
180 + 46.11720 or 360 46.11720

226.1 or 313.9 (cor. to 1 d. p.)
30 or 180 + 30
17.
( 2)
tan(180 45) sin(180 30)

tan 45 ( sin 30)
tan 45 sin 30
1
1
2
1
180 60
5 cos 0
sin
5 cos
sin
cos
tan
cos tan 135 sin 210
65.90516 or 180 + 65.90516

65.9 or 245.9 (cor. to 1
d. p.)
120
2 cos 2 cos sin 0
18.
21.
cos ( 2 2 sin ) 0
2
2
cos 0 or
45, 90, 135 or 270
sin
90 or 270 45 or 180 45 135
(a)
cos x
1
1
1

cos x
2
2
1
1

cos x
2
2
1
1
1
1 1 cos x 1
2
2
2
1
1
3
1 cos x
2
2
2
The maximum and minimum values are
1
1
2
1
3
and
2
1
respectively.
2
176
14
(b)
sin 2 x
1
2 ( 1) 2 sin 2 x 2 1
1 2 sin 2 x 3

respectively.
(c)
1
1
sin x
sin x
3 1 3 sin x
1
1
22. (i) & (ii)

3 1
3 sin x
23.
1
1
1
4
3 sin x
2
12
12
12
sin
x
4
2
12
3
6
3 sin x
3 A cos 0 B
3 A(1) B
3 A B...................(1)
1 A cos180 B
1 A( 1) B
1 A B.............( 2)

respectively.
(1) + (2):
(d)
3 (1)
cos x
3 + cos x
B 1
3 1
Substituting B 1 into (1),

3 A 1
A2
3 + cos x
2
4
2
2
2
(
3
cos
x
)
2
4
(
3
cos x) 2 16
4
24.
respectively.
25.
2 2B
177
Reflect about the x-axis (or other reasonable answers).
Trigonometry (1)
p.211
(a)
27.

the solution of tan x 0.5 for 0 x 360 is
If 90 + lies in quadrant I:
Let P(x, 5 ) be a point on the terminal side of
27 or 207.
(b)
Since sin(90 + ) 0, 90 + lies in quadrant I or II.
(90 + ), where x 0.
We have y 5 and r 3.

the solution of tan x 2 for 0 x 360 is
x2 4
117 or 297.
(c)
32 x 2 ( 5 ) 2
x 2 (rejected) or 2
y
x
tan(90 + )

the solution of tan x + 3 0 for 0 x 360
5
2
is 108 or 288.
26.
tan(180 (90 ))
5
2
tan(90 )
5
2
1
5
tan
2
2
tan
5
If 90 + lies in quadrant II:

Let P(x, 5 ) be a point on the terminal side of
(a)
(90 + ), where x 0. We have y

the solution of 2sin x 1.5 for 0 x 360
5 and r 3.
x 2 or 2 (rejected)
4sin x 1
2sin x
x2 4
is 48 or 132.
(b)
3 x ( 5)
2
1
0.5
2
y
x
tan(90 + )
5
2
tan(180 (90 ))

the solution of 4sin x 1 for 0 x 360 is
tan(90 )
x 195 or 345.
5
2
5
2
1
5
tan
2
2
tan
5
Therefore, tan
178
2
5
14
28.
Since tan 0 , lies in quadrant II or IV. As it is

given that 180 360, must lie in quadrant IV
32.
Let P(x, k) be a point on the terminal side of ,
where sin 0 and cos 0.
where x 0. We have y k and r 2.
22 x 2 k 2

x 3, y 4
x2 y2
Since is an obtuse angle, lies in quadrant II.
x2 4 k 2
3 2 ( 4) 2 5
y
4
r
5
x 3
cos
r 5
By definition, sin
4
3
10 12
10 sin 12 cos
5
5

3
7 cos 3 sin

4
7 3
5
5
4
5
33
5
4
33
tan
cos
34.
3
2
150 30 (rejected) or 330
330 150
(a)
1
1 k 2
k
1 k 2
Let P ( x ) x 3 2 x 2 4 x 3
x + 1 is a factor of P(x).
x2
x3
x 1 x3 2 x2 4 x 3
x3 x 2
x2 4 x 3
x2 x
3x 3
3x 3
x 3 2 x 2 4 x 3 ( x 1)( x 2 x 3)
sin cos110
cos(90 + 20)
x 2 x 3 cannot be factorised into
linear
sin20
180 + 20 or 360 20
200 or 340
1
, where
2
60 2 60 300
2 60 30 or 180 30
30 or
1 k 2
P ( 1) ( 1) 3 2( 1) 2 4( 1) 3
180
sin( 2 60)
k 2 12
31.
x2 y2
sin(180 60)
sin 60
4k2
P(k, 1) is a point on the terminal side of .

x k, y 1
150 150 330
30.
lies in quadrant II where sin 0 and cos.
cos(150 + ) sin120, where
4k2
2
y
x
33.
4 k2
x
r
cos
29.
4 k 2 (rejected) or
150
2 90 or 210
45 or 105
179
factors.
x + 1 is the only linear factor of
x3 2x2 4x 3 .
Trigonometry (1)
(b)
Let x 2cos.
37.
(a)
3 tan 2 sin(90 ) 0
x3 2x2 4x 3 0
sin
3
2 sin(180 (90 )) 0
cos
3 sin
2 sin(90 ) 0
cos
3 sin
2 cos 0
cos
3 sin 2 cos 2 0
( x 1)( x 2 x 3) 0
x + 1 0 or
x 1
x x30
2
No real roots
2cos 1
cos
1
2
180 60 or 180 + 60
3 sin 2(1 sin 2 ) 0
120 or 240
35.
3 sin 2 2 sin 2 0
Since 0 a 1 , sin 0 .
2
2 sin 2 3 sin 2 0
Since sin 0 and tan 0 , lies in quadrant II.

Let P ( x, 1 a 2 ) be a point on the terminal side
(b)
of ,
where x 0.
We have y 1 a 2 and r 1 a 2 .
sin
(1 a 2 ) 2 x 2 (1 a 2 ) 2
x 2 (1 a 2 ) 2 (1 a 2 ) 2
4
30 or 150
1 2a 2 a 4 1 2a 2 a 4
4a 2
38.
(a)
x 2a (rejected) or 2a
x
r
2a
1 a2
cos
tan
2 sin cos
3
3 cos 2 sin
5
5( 2 sin cos ) 3(3 cos 2 sin )

10 sin 5 cos 9 cos 6 sin
10 sin 6 sin 9 cos 5 cos
16 sin 4 cos
sin
4
cos
16
1
tan
4
y
x
1
or sin 2 (rejected)
2
30 or 180 30
1 2a a (1 2a a )
2
3 tan 2 sin(90 ) 0
2 sin 2 3 sin 2 0
(2 sin 1)(sin 2) 0
1 a2
2a
sin 2 sin cos 6 cos 2

sin 2 sin cos 6 cos 2 0
(sin 3 cos )(sin 2 cos ) 0
sin 3 cos 0 or sin 2 cos 0
sin 3 cos
sin 2 cos
sin
sin
3
2
cos
cos
tan 3
tan 2
36.
(b)
2 sin cos
3
3 cos 2 sin
5
1
tan
4
180 + 14.03624
194.0 (cor. to 1 d. p.)
39.
(a)

1 k tan 45 1
71.56505 or 180 + 71.56505
2 k (1)
71.6 or 251.6 (cor. to 1 d. p.)
k 2
or 180 63.43494 or 360 63.43494
116.6 or 296.6 (cor. to 1 d. p.)
71.6, 116.6 , 251.6 or 296.6
180
14
(b)
41.
(a) & (b)

straight line cuts the curve at x 126, so the solution of
(i)
cosx 0.6 is 126.

The straight line cuts the curve at x 134,
42.
so the solution of 2tan x + 1 0 for

0 x 360 is 134.
(ii)
(HKCEE Question)
Extended Question
2tan x + 6 0
2tan x + 1 + 5 0
43.
2tan x + 1 5
p.213
(a)

The straight line cuts the curve at x 72,
so the solution of 2tan x + 6 0 for
0 x 360 is 72.
40.
(a)
Since the graph passes through (0, 1.5), we have

1.5 asin0 + bcos0
1.5 a(0) + b(1)
b 1.5
(b)
The maximum and minimum temperatures are

27C and 9C respectively.
(c)
The maximum temperature occurs at t 5.
Since the graph passes through (90, 0.5),

we have
0.5 asin90 + bcos90
0.5 a(1)
(b)
(c)
a 0.5
Open-ended Questions
The maximum and minimum values are 1.5 and

1.6 respectively.
44.
(a)
p.213
Since cos 150
3
, we have the
2
following
possible equation
2 cos 3 0
Draw the straight line y 0.6 on the graph.
(or other reasonable answers)

(b)
2 cos
3 0
cos
3
2
180 30, 180 + 30, 180 30 + 360

or 180 + 30 + 360
The straight line cuts the curve at x 50, so the
150, 210, 510 or 570
solution of 0.5sinx + 1.5cosx 0.6 for

0 x 180 is 50.
The other solutions are 210, 510 or 570.
181
Trigonometry (1)
45.
(a)
1 cos(x 60) 1
5.
h h cos( x 60) h (for h
B
In ABC,
A + B + C 180
0) or
h h cos( x 60) h (for h
B + C 180 A
0)
sin(B + C) sin(180 A)
sinA
h k h cos( x 60) k h k or
h k h cos( x 60) k h k
6.
The maximum value of y is 6
D
sin cos100
0.17365
h + k 6 or h + k 6
180 + 10 or 360 10
Two possible pairs of h and k are:

h 2, k 4 or h 1, k 5
190 or 350

7.
(b)
cos x
3cos x 1
3cos x
3
3 1 3cos x 1 3 1
the minimum value of y

2 + 4
2
When h 1, k 5,
0 (3 cos x 1)
the minimum value of y

1 + 5
4
0 (3 cos x 1) 2 16
Multiple-choice Questions
p.214
8.
9.
A
Since 180 x 270, 90
1.
2.
D
4.
C
Since 90 180, lies in quadrant II.
10.
11.
Let P(x, k) be a point on the terminal side of ,

where x 0.
We have y k and r 1.
12 x 2 k 2
x2 1 k 2
x 1 k 2 or
tan
(4) 2
x
135.
2
x
2
x
x
x
sin 0 , cos 0 , tan 0 .

2
2
2
reference angle 360 280 80

3.
The maximum value is 16.
When h 2, k 4,
1 k 2 (rejected)
y
x
cos(90 ) sin(180 )
tan(360 )
cos(180 (90 )) sin
tan
cos(90 ) sin
sin
cos
cos
sin sin
sin
sin cos
k
1 k 2
182
14
12.
D
sin x 1
18.
sin 4 2 tan 2 cos 4 cos 4

sin 2
cos 4 cos 4
sin 4 2
2
cos
x 270
13.
C
(2cos x + 1)(cos x 1) 0
1
cos x
2
or
sin 4 2 sin 2 cos 2 cos 4

(sin 2 cos 2 ) 2
cos x 1
x 180 60 or 180 + 60
12
1
x 0
120 or 240
14.
x 0, 120 or 240
3 sin 2 x 13 sin x 4 0
(3 sin x 1)(sin x 4) 0
sin x
1
or sinx 4 (rejected)
3
x 19.47122 or 180 19.47122

x 19.5 or 160.5
15.
B
sin x 1
x 90
16.
B
Since the graph passes through (0,
1
), we have
2
1
cos(0 )
2
1
cos
2
60
17.
C
3 a cos 0 b
3 a (1) b
a b 3..............(1)
1 a cos180 b
1 a ( 1) b
a b 1..........( 2)
(1) + (2):
2b 2
b1
Substituting b 1 into (1),
a 1 3
a2
a = 2, b 1
183

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14

New Progress in Senior Mathematics 5 (Compulsory Part) Solution Guide

lies in quadrant II.

lies in quadrant IV.

lies in quadrant III.

lies in quadrant III or IV .

sin 0 and tan 0

Hong Kong Educational Publishing Co.

sin 220 0.643 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

tan 342 0.325 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

tan 115 2.14 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

cos( 293) 0.391 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

sin( 52) 0.788 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

cos( 219) 0.777 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

tan( 126) 1.38 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

New Progress in Senior Mathematics 5 (Compulsory Part) Solution Guide

In quadrant IV, the sine ratio is negative.

330 lies in quadrant IV.

330 lies in quadrant IV.

The reference angle 210 180

240 lies in quadrant III.

The reference angle 240 180

210 lies in quadrant III.

The reference angle 180 120

In quadrant III, the sine ratio is negative.

In quadrant II, the sine ratio is positive.

Then, sin 0.5

225 lies in quadrant III.

In quadrant III, the tangent ratio is positive.

Hong Kong Educational Publishing Co.

As it is given that 180 270, must lie in

Hence, if lies in quadrant II,

P(4, 3) is a point on the terminal side of .

since cos 0, may lie in either quadrant II or

lies in quadrant II.

Locate the angle and its reference angle in each

Hence, if lies in quadrant II,

180 45= 135

Hong Kong Educational Publishing Co.

New Progress in Senior Mathematics 5 (Compulsory Part) Solution Guide

126.9 or 306.9 (cor. to 1

125.3, 234.7 or 305.3

0, 120, 180 or 240

cos 2 (rejected) or cos

14.10 (i) & (ii)

Hence, 113.57818 or 180 + 66.42182

113 .6 or 246.4 (cor. to 1 d. p.)

Hong Kong Educational Publishing Co.

sin(180 (90 ) sin

tan(90 ) sin(180 ) 4 cos(180 )

To solve the equation, we draw a straight line

Draw the straight line y 3 on the graph.

The straight line cuts the curve at x 72

and 252, so the equation of tanx 3 for

Draw the straight line y 2 on the graph.

270 360, must lie in quadrant IV where sin 0 and

Since tan 0, lies in quadrant II or IV. As it is given that

The straight line cuts the curve at x 117

Since sin 0 and 180 270, lies in quadrant III.

Since the graph passes through (0, 2),

Since the graph passes through (90, 3),

Hong Kong Educational Publishing Co.

New Progress in Senior Mathematics 5 (Compulsory Part) Solution Guide