VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203

Question Bank

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNIUCATION

EC6011 ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE AND COMPATIBILITY
Regulation: 2013
Academic Year: 2016 2017 (Odd Semester)

Prepared By:
Dr.S.Ramesh, Asso.Prof
Mrs.K.Kamala, AP-S.G
Mrs.T.S.Sheriba, A.P-S.G

VEC/ECE/EC6011EMIC/20152017ODD

Unit I BASIC THEORY

Introduction to EMI and EMC, Intra and inter system EMI, Elements of Interference, Sources and Victims of EMI,
Conducted and Radiated EMI emission and susceptibility, Case Histories, Radiation hazards to humans, Various
issues of EMC, EMC Testing categories, EMC Engineering Application.
Part A (2 Marks)
Q.No

Questions

1.

Analyse the need for electromagnetic compatibility.

BT
Level
BTL4

Domain

2.

Write some of the testing strategies in EMC.

BTL1

Remembering

3.

Identify the three criteria to be satisfied by any system to become

electromagnetically compatible.

BTL1

Remembering

4.

Discuss the steps to prevent emission that causes the EMI in a system.

BTL2

Understanding

5.

Why is EMI a vital problem?

BTL1

Remembering

6.

We feel electric shock at times, when we touch TV and Computer monitors.

Give the reason.

BTL2

Understanding

7.

List the sources of EMI

BTL1

Remembering

8.

Give the explanation about the conducted coupling of EMI.

BTL2

Understanding

9.

Explain why a bike started or a mixie under running condition disturbs a TV

receivers functioning.

BTL2

Understanding

10.

Where is a decoupling capacitor used? Why?

BTL1

Remembering

11.

Illustrate various types of radiation coupling in EMI.

BTL3

Applying

12.

Choose which coupling happens directly between the emitter and receptor.

BTL3

Applying

13.

What is the possibility to develop circuit models of EMI with correct reason.

BTL3

Applying

14.

Criticise on the two factors that tend to affect the amount of interference that
would otherwise be transmitted along a conducted path.

BTL5

Evaluating

15.

Define EMI and EMC.

BTL1

Remembering

16.

List some of the EMC applications.

BTL4

Analyzing

17.

Classify EMI/EMC.

BTL4

Analyzing

18.

Summarise the effect of EMI on secured communications.

BTL5

Evaluating

19.

What would happen if the coupling path is not properly shielded? Justify

BTL6

Creating

20.

How can the hazards due to radiation be reduced or prevented?

BTL6

Creating

Analyzing

VEC/ECE/EC6011EMIC/20152017ODD

PartB (16 Marks)

1. (i) Write short notes on EMI Testing categories
(10) BTL1
(ii) What are the various parameters of measurement? Give their relevant
units.
(6)
2. (i) List out all the sources and victims of EMI?
(6)
BTL1
(ii) Write notes on each sources and victims with examples.
(10)

Remembering

3.

BTL1

Remembering

BTL1

Remembering

4.

5.

(i) What is an intersystem EMI? How does it affect an equipment in an EM

environment?
(8)
(ii) Select and write about the case histories related to intersystem EMI. (8)
(i) What is an intrasystem EMI? How does it affect an equipment in an EM
environment?
(8)
(ii) Write about the case histories related to intersystem EMI.
(8)
(i) Distinguish between the features of conducted EMI and radiated EMI.(8)
(ii) Explain the interference elements present in an EMI system
(8)

Remembering

BTL2

Understanding

6.

(i) Give an account on radiation hazards.

(8) BTL2
(ii) Explain in detail the conducted EMI and radiated EMI with examples. (8)

Understanding

7.

(i) Identify how a conducted emission occurs in an EM environment.

(ii) Explain the tests performed for the conducted susceptibility.

Understanding

8.

(i) Illustrate proper industrial citations to explain the significance of EMI in a BTL3
system design.
(8)
(ii) Show how celestial bodies act as a source of EMI
(8)
(i) Select a proper testing methodology for Radiation emissions and
BTL3
susceptibility. Explain.
(8)
(ii) Interpret the lightning discharge as a source of EMI.
(8)
(i) Analyze how an electrostatic discharges occur.
(8)
BTL 4
(ii) Investigate on details of how an EMI is caused by radiation Hazards.(8)

9.

10.

(8) BTL2
(8)

(8) BTL 4
(8)

11.

(i) Explain the measurement performed for the conducted emission?

(ii) Examine the role of Decoupling capacitors in digital ICs.

12.

(i) Analyze the various issues of EMC in brief

(6)
(ii) How does the conduction emission occur in Switched mode power
supply. Discuss about the common mode noise in SMPS.
(10)
Consider the past historical facts. Criticize on the impact of radio
communication. Also discuss the role of electromagnetic susceptibility and
compatibility in it. (16)

13.

14.

Generate suitable examples to explain the intentional and unintentional

electromagnetic emissions during operation of various equipments. How to
control them? (16)

Applying

Applying

Analyzing

Analyzing

BTL 4

Analyzing

BTL5

Evaluating

BTL6

Creating

UNIT II COUPLING MECHANISMS

VEC/ECE/EC6011EMIC/20152017ODD

Electromagnetic field sources and Coupling paths, Coupling via the supply network, Common mode coupling,
Differential mode coupling, Impedance coupling, Inductive and Capacitive coupling, Radiative coupling, Ground
loop coupling, Cable related emissions and coupling, Transient sources, Automotive transients.
Sl.No.

BT
Level

Domain

1. List out the types of coupling between cables.

BTL1

Remembering

2. Define Ground coupled Interference.

BTL1

Remembering

3. Draw the elements of interference in a basic system with source and receptor. BTL1

Remembering

PARTA (2 Marks)

4. What is transient coupling?

BTL1

Remembering

5. Draw common mode and differential mode coupling in circuits.

BTL1

Remembering

6. Describe the effect of cross talk with reference to EMI/EMC design issues.

BTL2

Understanding

7. Give suitable explanation for Ground with respect to working on electrical

gadgets.

BTL2

Understanding

8. Express the impacts of electromagnetic emission.

BTL2

Understanding

9. Discuss the way by which one can avoid power mains interference.

BTL2

Understanding

10. Illustrate the steps in the procedure to analyze EMP susceptibility.

BTL3

Applying

11. What would happen if conductive transfer occurs?

BTL6

Creating

12. Classify the factors that the noise voltage developed in a closed loop, depend BTL3
on.

Applying

13. Criticize the need of ground loop coupling.

BTL5

Evaluating

14. Explain Automotive transient.

BTL4

Analyzing

15. Analyze the drawbacks of various coupling mechanisms.

BTL4

Analyzing

16. Explain power supply and power main coupling.

BTL4

Analyzing

17. Combine the effect of radiation and conduction coupling and discuss its
effect.
18. Define LISN.

BTL6

Creating

BTL1

Remembering

19. Point out the important techniques to control EMI at source point.

BTL3

Applying

20. Explain how the field coupling affects the system?

BTL5

Evaluating

Sl.No.
1

PARTB (16 Marks)

BT
Level

(i) What are the electromagnetic field sources found in an electromagnetic BTL1
environment? Discuss.
(8)
(ii) Define coupling. What are the types of coupling encountered in an EM
environment? Discuss.
(8)
(i) Define coupling path. What are the electromagnetic interferences that BTL1
occur
in
the
coupling
path?
(8)
(ii) What is common mode coupling? Show how it affects a system in an
electromagnetic environment.
(8)

Domain
Remembering

Remembering

VEC/ECE/EC6011EMIC/20152017ODD

Define radiated differential mode coupling? How In what way this is different BTL-1
from
the
radiated
common
mode
coupling?
(8)
What are transient sources? How does the lightning discharge affect the
electronic equipments?
(8)
What is ground loop coupling? State the causes of ground loop coupling. (6) BTL1
Show how it affects the grounding in a system that is a part of the
electromagnetic environment.
(10)

Remembering

Remembering

(i) Illustrate in detail the conducted and radiated coupling.

(8) BTL2
(ii) Demonstrate the common impedance ground couplings with examples (8)

Understanding

(i) Illustrate the effect of cross talk in a three conductor transmission line. (8) BTL2
(ii) Discuss in detail about power supply coupling.
(8)

Understanding

(i) Describe the cable related emissions and coupling briefly.

(ii) Summarize on Automotive transients.

(8)
(8)

BTL2

Understanding

(i) Describe about the Inductive coupling supporting with neat diagrams and
scenarios.
(8)
(ii) Explain how the Electrostatic discharge affects the digital circuits and
control panels.
(8)

BTL3

Applying

(i) Explain the Capacitive coupling that occurs between the two cables
running parallel to each other.
(8)
(ii) Identify how surges occurring on main power supply affect the
appliances. Explain.
(8)

BTL3

Applying

(i) Explain the concept behind Cross talk with help of PCB in detail. (8)
BTL4
(ii) Analyze how a coupling takes place in a supply network and how does it
affect the network. (8)
(i) Explain how common mains supply acts as a frequent source of conducted BTL4
interference.
(8)
(ii) Illustrate the electromagnetic impact of cable coupling in a system
design
.(8)

Analyzing

12.

Analyze the effects of inductance in a two wire cable system. (8)

Describe the effects of the capacitance that exists between the cables. (8)

BTL4

Analyzing

13.

Justify the reasons of how the cable coupling, near and far coupling of EM
fields produced can be reduced. Also, suggest the ways to enhance the
immunity of circuits/equipments /systems.
(8)
Evaluate the effects of radiative coupling in an EM environment. (8)

BTL5

Evaluating

10.

11.

Analyzing

VEC/ECE/EC6011EMIC/20152017ODD

14. How an electromagnetic field that appears in the atmosphere does gets
coupled into the transmission or power cables? Calculate the induced
voltage and current due to this coupling action. (8)

BTL6

Creating

Develop the scenarios which demonstrates the electromagnetic coupling

between an emitter and a receptor. Support it with neat diagrams. (8)

UNIT III EMI MITIGATION TECHNIQUES

Working principle of Shielding and Murphys Law, LF Magnetic shielding, Apertures and shielding effectiveness,
Choice of Materials for H, E, and free space fields, Gasketting and sealing, PCB Level shielding, Principle of
Grounding, Isolated grounds, Grounding strategies for Large systems, Grounding for mixed signal systems, Filter
types and operation, Surge protection devices, Transient protection.
PART A
Q.No

Questions

1.

Analyse EMI shielding and its need.

BT
Domain
Level
BTL 4 Analyzing

2.

What is Murphys Law?

BTL 1 Remembering

3.

List the Choice of Materials for shielding.

BTL 1 Remembering

4.

Define shielding effectiveness.

BTL 1 Remembering

5.

Formulate the shielding effectiveness of E and Hfields.

BTL 6 Creating

6.

Summarize various shielding methods.

BTL 2 Understanding

7.

Interpret the all the tests that can be carried over in a shielding room.

BTL 2 Understanding

8.

Explain the need for EMI Gaskets.

BTL 4 Analyzing

9.

Point out the different Gasketting for EMI sealing.

BTL 5 Evaluating

10. List out the coupling situations to be addressed during the physical layout
process.
11. Classify the procedures for effective grounding in PCB design

BTL 1 Remembering
BTL 4 Analyzing

12. Discuss about the advantages of multipoint grounding.

BTL 2 Understanding

13. Chemical Salting has to be repeated for every 2 or 3 years for better
grounding effect Justify.

BTL 5 Evaluating

VEC/ECE/EC6011EMIC/20152017ODD

14. Illustrate the terms grounding and bonding.

BTL 3 Applying

15. Classify EMI filters.

BTL 3 Applying

16. What is meant by bulging capacitor?

BTL 1 Remembering

17. Estimate the insertion loss of the filter.

BTL 6 Creating

18. Estimate the functionality of transient suppressors.

BTL 2 Understanding

19. Draw the diagram of gas tube surge suppressor and arrestors.

BTL 1 Remembering

20.

BTL 3 Applying

Show all the procedures that have to be considered for cable routing.
PART B

1. Discuss the shielding mechanism and derive the expression for the
attenuation due to single shield and multimedia laminated shield with neat
diagrams and equations.
(16)
2. (i) Show that the electromagnetic leakage occurs through shielding joints.
(6)
(ii) Suggest the methods to reduce this electromagnetic leakage. (10)
3. (i)How can a gasket be used to suppress the EM leakage at joints?(8)
(ii)Write notes on sealing for EMI leakage.
(8)
4. Explain in detail about the different types of system grounding for EMI/EMC.
(16)
5. (i) Describe a filter help in suppressing undesired conducted electromagnetic
interference? (ii) Support your answer with the help of lumped element low
pass filter.
(8)+(8)
6. (i) Summarize on the methods to measure the ground resistance. (8)
(ii) Brief out the preventions to be followed while earthing.
(8)
7. Analyze the factors considered for a telephone line filter design. How does
this factor influence the filter design? Explain with necessary examples.
(16)
8. Summarize about various lumped element low pass filter schemes for EMI
mitigation. Also compare their performances.
9. Write notes on (i) Surge protection and suppression (ii) Transient protection
and suppression (ii) Low Frequency (LF) magnetic field shielding
(5)+(5)+(6)
10. The insertion loss of a particular filter depends on the source and load
impedances, and therefore cannot be stated independently of the
termination impedances. Justify the above statement and prove it
numerically. Also determine the insertion loss at 150 kHz and 30 MHz
for a differential mode and common mode.
(16)
11. For a Residential power distribution system, analyze the requirements and the
steps to design a safety grounding system considering the two wires and three
wires grounding scenario.
(16)

BTL 2 Understanding
BTL 3 Applying

BTL 1 Remembering
BTL 2 Understanding
BTL 4 Analyzing

BTL 1 Remembering
BTL 1 Analyzing

BTL 2 Understanding
BTL 1 Remembering

BTL 5 Evaluating

BTL 6 Creating

VEC/ECE/EC6011EMIC/20152017ODD

BTL 4 Analyzing
(i) Investigate on how the component selection and mounting controls
EMI.(6)
(ii) Explain about PCB to chassis ground connection and effects of apertures.
(10)
13. (i) What are all the procedures used for effective grounding in PCB design?
BTL 1 Remembering
(8)
(ii) Brief about electromagnetic compatibility that is achieved while PCB is
prepared for industry applications.
(8)
14. (i) Illustrate the consequence of different shielding materials over the
BTL 3 Applying
shielding. Tabulate some of the shielding materials and their uses.(8)
(ii) Demonstrate the shielding integrity at discontinuities.
(8)
UNIT IV
STANDARDS AND REGULATION
Need for Standards, Generic/General Standards for Residential and Industrial environment, Basic Standards,
Product Standards, National and International EMI Standardizing Organizations; IEC, ANSI, FCC, AS/NZS,
CISPR, BSI, CENELEC, ACEC. Electro Magnetic Emission and susceptibility standards and specifications,
MIL461E Standards.
PART A

12.

Q.No

Questions

1.

List out the EMI/EMC civilian standards.

BT
Domain
Level
BTL 1 Remembering

2.

What for MIL STD 461, 462 and 463 are used?

BTL 1 Remembering

3.

Which are the class A devices with reference to FCC?

BTL 1 Remembering

4.

Give the reason why CISPR standards evolved.

BTL 2 Understanding

5.

Can High Voltage lines be allowed to cross residential sites? Justify.

BTL 5 Evaluating

6.

Quote the CISPR standards for EMIC.

BTL 1 Remembering

7.

Illustrate at least two standards for design guidelines and test &
measurement procedures published by IEEE/ANSI.

BTL 3 Applying

8.

State the objective of requirements CS 103/104/105.

BTL 1 Remembering

9.

Idenfify the expansion of the terms CISPR, FCC.

BTL 3 Applying

10. Differentiate military and civilian standards.

BTL 4 Analyzing

11. Propose the Standards for generic products to be used in industrial environments?

BTL 6 Creating

12. Summarize few parameters of MIL 461E / 462.

BTL 2 Understanding

13. Define IEC and BSI.

BTL 1 Remembering

14. Discuss the special requirements of MIL STD 461E for EMC testing?

BTL 2 Understanding

15. Interpret the need for EMI standards?

BTL 2 Understanding

VEC/ECE/EC6011EMIC/20152017ODD

16. Construct the main function of ACEC.

BTL 3 Applying

17. Analyze the key for Conducted Emission (CE) EMC standards?

BTL 4 Analyzing

18. Prepare the AS/NZS standards?

BTL 6 Creating

19. Assess modular approval standards.

BTL 5 Evaluating

20. Pointout the two types of EMC Product standard.

BTL 4 Analyzing

PART B
1. What does the standard MIL 461E emphasize? What are the problems one may
face by violating the regulations in it? If possible, a case study be referred to
support your justification.
(16)
2. (i) Express the needs to meet for EMI standards? Explain.
(8)
(ii) Discuss briefly of FCC regulations.
(8)
3. Develop the conducted interference controls, radiated interference controls and
susceptibility at intermediate levels of exposure in MIL STD 461/462 standard.
(16)
4. (i) Compare Euro norms standards in Japan.
(8)
(ii) Infer details about EMI specifications and its limits with respect to civilian
and military standards.
(8)
5. Analyze the purpose of EMI standards and give different types of standards that
followed in different countries?
(16)
6. Distinguish between the FCCs EMC requirement and the European Unions
EMC requirements? What additional emission requirements does the European
Union have that the FCC does not?
(16)
7. Write about Comite Special des Perturbations Radioelectrique (CISPR) and
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards.
(8+8)
8. (i) Explain in detail the usage of ANSI standards in EMC area. (8)
(ii) Pointout why military standards are more stringent for RE and RS.
(8)
9. (i) List out the IEC specifications adopted by ANSI standard.
(8)
(ii) Briefly explain the MIL standards are useful in the area of EMI/EMC.
(8)
10. Summarize FCC and CISPR Conducted Emission (CE) and Radiated Emission
(RE) standards.
(16)
11. Write short notes on (i) British Standard Institution (BSI)
(ii) Comite European de Normalisation Electrotechniques (CENELEC).(8+8)
12. (i) Determine the generic standards for residential and industrial environments.(8)
(ii) Validate the VDE standards and pulsed interference immunity. (8)
13. (i) Demonstrate the regulatory model for radiated emissions from electrical
equipment.
(8)
(ii) Show that how US organizations involved with EMC for commercial
standards.
(8)

BTL 1 Remembering

BTL 2 Understanding
BTL 6 Creating

BTL 4 Analyzing

BTL 4 Analyzing
BTL 2 Understanding

BTL 1 Remembering

BTL 4 Analyzing

BTL 1 Remembering

BTL 2 Understanding
BTL 1 Remembering
BTL 5 Evaluating
BTL 3 Applying

VEC/ECE/EC6011EMIC/20152017ODD

14.

Illustrate on how the spectrum conservation can be achieved through proper

BTL 3 Applying
frequency assignment.
(16)
UNIT V
EMI TEST METHODS AND INSTRUMENTATION
Fundamental considerations, EMI Shielding effectiveness tests, Open field test, TEM cell for immunity test,
Shielded chamber , Shielded anechoic chamber, EMI test receivers, Spectrum analyzer, EMI test wave simulators,
EMI coupling networks, Line impedance stabilization networks, Feed through capacitors, Antennas, Current probes,
MIL -STD test methods, Civilian STD test methods.
PART A
Q.No

Questions

1.

Draw two arrangements of OATS

BT
Domain
Level
BTL 1 Remembering

2.

What are the advantages of OATS?

BTL 1 Remembering

3.

List the features of current probe and power probe

BTL 1 Remembering

4.

Illustrate the significance of narrow band testing.

BTL 2 Understanding

5.

Assess the Near Field sources in Shielding effectiveness

BTL 5 Evaluating

6.

List the various measurement precautions in OATS

BTL 1 Remembering

7.

Illustrate at least two standards for design guidelines and test &
measurement procedures published by IEEE/ANSI.

BTL 3 Applying

8.

What is a TEM Cell

BTL 1 Remembering

9.

BTL 3 Applying

10.

Identify atleast two standards for test &measurement procedures published by

IEEE/ANSI.
Compare radiated measurements for class A devices and others.

BTL 4 Analyzing

11.

Formulate the spectrum bandwidth that will be occupied by a radio station

BTL 6 Creating

12.

Give the list of antenna used for microwave frequencies.

BTL 2 Understanding

13.

State the recommended ambient conditions for air discharge mode testing.

BTL 1 Remembering

14.

Generalize the requirements of Military STD for EMC testing?

BTL 2 Understanding

15.

Discuss on how test bed is selected for ESD testing.

BTL 2 Understanding

16.

With LISN illustrate the basic circuit used for RI measurements.

BTL 3 Applying

17.

Point out two very important needs for TEM cell.

BTL 4 Analyzing

18.

Develop an equation for spectral efficiency that depends on the useful

information from the radio equipment.

BTL 6 Creating

VEC/ECE/EC6011EMIC/20152017ODD

19.

Summarize the commonly used test antennas with frequency

BTL 5 Evaluating

20.

Differentiate Military standard and Civilian standards in measurements.

BTL 4 Analyzing

PART B
1.

(i)Write short notes on sensors/Injectors.

(ii)Write short notes on couplers.

2.

(i) Express the needs to meet for EMI standards for testing methods.
(8)
(ii) Discuss briefly about ESD test bed.
(8)
(i) Formulate the various EMI Test instruments.
(8)
(ii) Develop a test bed for EFT.
(8)
(i) CompareEuronormsstandardsinJapan.(8)
(ii) Infer details about EMI specifications and its limits with respect to civilian
and military standards for measurements
(8)
Analyze the schematic that enables the measurements using Anechoic chamber.
(8)
Explain how testing is performed in an open environment.
(8)
Describe about the open area test site measurements. What are its limitations?(8)
Outline the characteristics of open area test site.
(8)

BTL 2 Understanding

Write short notes on Broadband measurement antennas

a) The Biconical Antenna
(8)
b) Log-Periodic Antenna
(8)
Explain briefly about the measurements using an anechoic chamber. (8)
Explain about Line Impedance Stabilization Networks.
(8)
(i) List out the various equipment used for Conducted EMI
(6)
(ii) Explain briefly the MIL-STD test methods useful in the area of EMI/EMC.
(10)
(i)What do you mean by shielding? Explain the Near Field sources in Shielding
effectiveness.
(10)
(ii) Write a note on Shielded anechoic chamber .
(6)
Write short notes on (i) Measurement of CM and DM Interferences
(ii) Conducted EMI in ships and Aircraft
(8+8)
(i)Determine various testing antenna and their frequencies as specified in CISPR
standard.
(8)
Enumerate the measurements using EMI Rx and spectrum analyser. (8)
(i) Demonstrate the regulatory model for radiated emissions from electrical
equipment.
(8)
(ii) How do you perform testing using Giga Hertz TEM Cell.
(8)
(i) Illustrate on how the spectrum conservation can be achieved through proper
frequency assignment.
(10)
(ii)Build EMI coupling network.
(6)

BTL 1 Remembering

3.
4.

5.

6.
7.

8.
9.

10.

11.
12.

13.

14.

(8)
(8)

BTL 1 Remembering

BTL 6 Creating
BTL 4 Analyzing

BTL 4 Analyzing

BTL 2 Understanding

BTL 4 Analyzing
BTL 1 Remembering

BTL 2 Understanding

BTL 1 Remembering
BTL 5 Evaluating

BTL 3 Applying

BTL 3 Applying

VEC/ECE/EC6011EMIC/20152017ODD