AN ORGANISATION STUDY AT TRAVANCORE TITANIUM

PRODUCT LTD. (TTP Ltd.)

Submitted in partial fulfilment of requirement for the award of degree of

Master of Business Administration of University of Kerala

Submitted by
MUHAMMAD ABDUL WALI MUHAMMAD AL-SHAIBAH
Roll No: MGT-1505044
Under the guidance of
Ms. JAYALEKSHMI U.

UNIVERSITY OF KERALA
INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA (IMK)
UNIVERSITY CAMPUS, KARIAVATTOM P.O.
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM 695 581

2016

DECLARATION

I declare that the project report entitled AN ORGANISATION STUDY AT

TRAVANCORE TITANIUM PRODUCT LTD. (TTP Ltd.) submitted by me for the award
of the degree of Master of Business Administration of the University of Kerala is my
own work. The report has not been submitted for the award of any other degree of this
University or any other University.

Place: Thiruvananthapuram

Name and signature of the candidate:

Muhammad Al-Shaibah

Date: 29th September, 2016

Roll No: MGT- 1505044

-II-

-III-

th

29 September, 2016

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project report entitled AN ORGANISATION STUDY AT

TRAVANCORE TITANIUM PRODUCT LTD. (TTP Ltd.), submitted here is a bonafide
record of the work done by Mr. MUHAMMAD ABDUL WALI MUHAMMAD ALSHAIBAH under my guidance in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Degree
in Master of Business Administration of the University of Kerala and this work has not
been submitted by him for the award of any other degree, diploma or title of recognition.

Guide:

HOD:

Ms. JAYALEKSHMI U.

PROF. DR. K. S. CHANDRASEKAR

-IV-

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I deem it privilege to express my sincere gratitude to all faculties of Institute of

Management in Kerala and especially to Prof. Dr. K. S. Chandrasekar coordinator of
Institute of Management in Kerala for his valuable suggestions, excellent guidance and
encouragement for doing the work. I am thankful to Ms. Jayalekshmi U. (Faculty guide) for
the valuable suggestions and support extended to me as project guide and also preparing this
report.
I extend my profound sense of gratitude to all my friends and classmates for their
involvement in different stages of work and for the inspiring thoughts and criticism.
It is my foremost duty to thank ICCR Trivandrum Office represented by Ms.
Madhurkankana Roy, Regional Officer for her support and care. I thank all my
respondents, without which this training would not have been possible.
Above all, I would like to thank Allah Almighty for his blessings bestowed on me in
the completion of this organization study.

Place: THIRUVANANTHAPURAM

MUHAMMAD AL-SHAIBAH

-V-

TTP Ltd.

Contents
Page
Chapter 1 | PREVIEW ------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.1 Introduction ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2
1.2 Objectives of the study --------------------------------------------------- 3
1.3 Scope of the Study -------------------------------------------------------- 3
1.4 Research Methodology --------------------------------------------------- 4
1.5 Limitations ----------------------------------------------------------------- 4
1.6 Chapterisation -------------------------------------------------------------- 5
Chapter 2 | INDUSTRY PROFILE ----------------------------------------------------- 6
Chapter 3 | COMPANY PROFILE ----------------------------------------------------- 10
3.1 History --------------------------------------------------------------------- 11
3.2 Strategic Intent ------------------------------------------------------------ 14
3.3 Product Profile ------------------------------------------------------------ 14
Chapter 4 | ORGANIZATIONAL & DEPARTMENT STRUCTURES ---------- 16
Chapter 5 | ORGANIZATIN ANALYSIS --------------------------------------------- 27
5.1 SWOT Analysis ------------------------------------------------------------ 29
5.2 Porters Five Forces Analysis -------------------------------------------- 33
5.3 PESTLE Analysis --------------------------------------------------------- 37
Chapter 6 | FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND SUGGESTIONS ----------------- 44

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List of Tables and Charts

List of Tables:

Table
No.

Table Name

List of countries by Titanium

production

Page

List of Charts:

Chart
No.

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Chart Name

Page

Consumption Pattern of TiO2

12

Organization Set-Up in TTP Ltd.

14

SWOT Analysis Elements

25

Porters Five Forces Model

28

PESTLE Analysis

34

VII

TTP Ltd.

CHAPTER 1 |
PREVIEW

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1.1 Introduction
An Organization is a social entity that has a collective goal and is linked to an
external environment. Organization comes into existence when there are number of
persons in communication and relationship to each other to contribute towards a
common endeavor. Organization is one of inevitable factor of business and
management.
Organization study is a systematic study and careful application of knowledge
about how people -as individuals and groups- act within organizations. An
organizational study encompasses the study of organizations from multiple
viewpoints, methods and levels of analysis. Organizational study is the examination
of how individuals construct organizational structures, processes, and practices and
how these, in turn, shape social relations and create institutions that ultimately
influence people. Organizational studies comprise different areas that deal with the
different aspects of the organizations , many of the approaches are functionalist but
critical research also provide alternative frame for understanding in the field.
The study has been carried out in a chemical company named Travancore
Titanium Product Ltd (TTP Ltd.), Trivandrum. TTP Ltd. is a public limited
company under the state public sector with Government of Kerala owning 80.94%
of the shares. Kerala State Industrial Developmen Corporation (KSIDC) holds
7.91% and the balance held by the public. There 826 employees and 110 officers in
the company, with the view of improving efficiency, profitability, competitiveness
and maintain market leadership, the workers age limit is 58 and officers age limit
is 60. TTP Ltd. has proposals to expand its capacity to 27000 tons per year,
modernize and diversify in stages to produce both Anatase and Rutile Grades of
Titanium Dioxide pigment and the new plants to this connection will be launch
during the current year.
Travancore Titanium Products Ltd. was incorporated on 18th December 1946,
to produce pigment grade Titanium Dioxide from ilmenite, which is abundantly
available as placer deposits on beaches near Kollam in the coastal state of Kerala,
India. The unit was promoted by the princely state of Travancore in collaboration with
the British Titan Products (BTP) Company Limited, UK (now known as Tioxide
Group Limited). The administrative control of the company was with a managing
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TTP Ltd.

agency, Indian Titans Products Company, the company which started production at a
modest rate of 5 tons per day increased its capacity in stages to the present level of
(40-45) tons per day. Until recently, Travancore Titanium Products Ltd. was the only
unit producing Anatase Grade Titanium Dioxide pigment in India.

1.2 Objectives of the Study

To acquire knowledge about the functions of the various departments in TTP
Ltd. towards the achievement of its organizational goals.
To understand the organizational structure of Travancore Titanium Products
Limited.
To analyse the organization chart and understand the relationship between the
superior and subordinate.
To compare theoretical knowledge with actual practices.
To study how the company adjust with its environment.
To know the impact of each department in the functioning of the organization.
To know the coordination of organizational process at various levels.
To know about the various products of the company.
To gain complete knowledge about the company.
To make a SWOT, Porter's Five Forces, PESTLE, and Value Chain analysis to
the organization.

1.3 Scope of the Study

The organization study carried out at TTP Ltd. is based on the details collected
from each departments of the company. It provides a better understanding of the
functional level of each department, i.e., finance, marketing, HR, production etc., and
helps to familiarize with the company. The study provides a chance to know about the
practical application of various learned theories in the company. Each and every
activities of the company are studied very carefully with the data available. The study
gives importance to the welfare of workers and how can they be motivated so utilizing

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the full potential of them for the success of the organization. And it provides a
chance to interact with workers, officers, departmental heads and various authorities
in the organization.

1.4 Research Methodology

The study was a descriptive study conducted based on the primary as well as
secondary data collected from the internal and external sources of the company.

Primary Data:
Primary data was collected through official discussion with the managers,
personnel, office staff and workers of the factory and also through direct
observation.
Secondary Data:
These are the sources containing data which have been collected and complied
for another purpose, e.g., Census Reports, Annual Reports and Financial
Statements of Companies, Statistical Statements, etc.
Secondary sources consist of not only published records and reports,
but also unpublished organizations e.g, accounting and financial records,
personal records, registers of members, minutes of meetings, inventory records
etc.

1.5 Limitations of Study

The respondent's unwillingness to disclose all the details of their organization.
Due to the busy working schedule of various departmental heads, full
information cannot be gathered.
Certain confidential intonation regarding the study was not available and the
interpretations are subject to limitations.
Unavailability of audited Balance sheet& Profit and Loss account for the year
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TTP Ltd.

2013-2014.
Less interaction with the lower level employees due to limited permission.
The information provided by people in the company may not be complete.

1.6 Chapterisation
Chapter 1 | PREVIEW
- Introduction
- Objectives of the study
- Scope of the Study
- Methodology
- Limitations
- Chapterisation
Chapter 2 | INDUSTRY PROFILE
Chapter 3 | COMPANY PROFILE
- History
- Strategic Intent
- Product Profile
Chapter 4 | ORGANIZATIONAL & DEPARTMENT STRUCTURES
Chapter 5 | ORGANIZATIN ANALYSIS
- SWOT Analysis
- Porters Five Forces Analysis
- PESTLE Analysis
Chapter 6 | FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND SUGGESTIONS

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TTP Ltd.

CHAPTER 2 |
INDUSTRY PROFILE

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CHAPTER 2 | INDUSTRY PROFILE

TTP Ltd.

Industries play a vital role in the growth as well as in the development of an

economy. On account of industrial development, there is increase in population
employment and national income. This is applicable in Titanium Dioxide industry as
well.
Titanium Dioxide is the whitest of white pigments and has replaced other less
effective pigments such as Zinc Oxide, Lithopone etc. This is because of the unique
combination of its superior properties of a high refractive index, low specific gravity,
high hiding power, and opacity, no toxicity. It also has high tinting strength and
dispersion properties as well as chemical stability. Titanium Dioxide is produced in
TTP Ltd. in the ANATASE form and marketed as AJANTOX. Anatase grade
possesses excellent water dispersion properties and gives a clear tone in all ranges
of application. Travancore Titanium Products Limited has recently launched a
Rutile Grade Titanium dioxide pigment viz., TTP Ltd. RD-01. This product was
developed in the year 2002 indigenously through the sulphate route pigment. TTP
Ltd. markets this product without surface treatment at very competitive price.

2.1 World Scenario

The use of Titanium Dioxide is very vast and it has been produced in various
parts of the world at different levels, which includes Multinational companies as well
as small scale companies. It is estimated that world's total installed capacity for
Titanium Dioxide production is of the order of 4.22 to 4.38 million per annum. The
higher demand in global market attracts various firms to enter into the Titanium
Dioxide manufacturing.
The top five producers of world now control 78% of the global capacity. They
are Dupont (USA), Millennium Inorganic chemicals (Australia), KertMegee
(Canada), Huntsmwn (Tioxide) & Kronos (Germany), and ISK (Japan). Kemera,
Sachtlaleen and Crystal come in the second tie. Cinkara, Precheza, Zachem, Prolice,
Hankook (South Korea), Sakai and Tyka (Japan). Kerala Minerals & Metals Ltd
(India) and two other Ukrainian producers come next. All others are quite small
producers.
Titanium Dioxide enjoys a large market by any measure Historically the

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market has grown in volume at 3.5% annually to reach close to $8 billion in

production value today. In the last decade the demand has slowed down to 3% and it
is expected in the next decade growth will be in the range of 2.5-3.5. Looking over
the next 20 years, at least some new Titanium Dioxide pigment will be made, though
most of the industries additional capacity will come from expansion. Pigment
consumption rose sharply in Western Europe and Asia/ Pacific (Excluding Japan)
during the year 2000. In East Asia, notably China, Taiwan, and South Korea
continued as a path of strong recovery 2000. East Asia is presently the most attractive
region in the world for Titanium Dioxide.

List of countries by Titanium Production

This is a list of countries by Titanium production in (2012-2013) based on
USGS (United States Geological Survey) figures.(Metric tons):

Rank
1
2
3
4

Country/Region
World
China
Russia
Japan
Kazakhstan

2012
200000
80000
44000
40000
25000

2013
222000
100000
45000
40000
27000

Table (1): List of countries by Titanium production

2.2 National Scenario

The Indian reserves of Illuminate and Rutile are expected to be around

6,00,000 units/year and most important sources are South Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
Beach reserves are also seen in Ratnagiri (Maharashtra), Ganjan (Orissa) and
Sreekakulam (Aandhrapradesh). The reserves in Kerala and Tamil Nadu are about 20
million metric tonnes.
This information throws light into the possibilities of new manufactures and
competition in Titanium Dioxide industry in the Indian Market. The demand for the
new manufacturers will be more, with the increased demand for the paints, plastics,
rubber etc.
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Currently there are four units in India engaged in the manufacturing of

Titanium Dioxide pigment (Rutile & Anatase) with a total combined capacity of
44,560 metric tonnes per annum. These units are:

Kerala Minerals and Metals Ltd ,(KMML), Chavara, Kollam

Travancore Titanium Products Ltd, Thiruvananthapuram.

Kilburn Chemicals Ltd, Thoothukudi.

Kolmark Chemicals Ltd, Kolkatta.

KMML is the only unit producing Rutile grade Titanium Dioxide pigment in
India with an installed capacity of 30,000 tons per annum. This information throws
light into the possibilities of new manufacturers and competition in Titanium Dioxide
industry in the Indian market. The demand for new manufacturers will be more, with
the increased demand for the paints, plastics, rubber etc.

2.3 State Scenario

At present in Kerala, TTP Ltd. and the KMML are the only two manufactures
of which produces Titanium Dioxide pigment. Indian Rare Earth Limited (IRE) a
government of India undertaking has a mineral separation unit in Chavara, which
separates minerals from the beach.
Travancore Titanium Products was started by His Highness Chitra Thimnal in
1946 and Titanium Dioxide was produced using the Sulphide Procure Technology.
Later the KMML situated at Chavara came into existence and started producing
Titanium Dioxide with the help of HCL acid process technology (Chloride
technology).

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TTP Ltd.

CHAPTER 3 |
COMPANY PROFILE

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CHAPTER 3 | COMPANY PROFILE

TTP Ltd.

Travancore Titanium Products Limited (TTP Ltd.), a public sector

undertaking under the government of Kerala is the first white pigmentproducing unit in the whole South Asia. The company was incorporated in 18th
of December 1946 at Thiruvananthapuram, the capital city of Kerala, India.

3.1 History
Until 1925, the presence of titanium dioxide in the black sands of
Kollam beaches was not known. The coir products from Kollam to be exported
frequently were dried on these beaches. When such coir products were exported,
some radioactive properties were noticed. The Germans send a delegation to
Kerala to conduct experiments with the black sand. They found that the sand
has some radioactive properties owing to the presence of thorium. They also
found that the sand was rich in Titanium. This beach sand containing valuable
Titanium Dioxide was exported to Europe till 1946, when Travancore Titanium
Products Limited was incorporated with the sole objective of producing
pigment grade Titanium Dioxide The company was promoted by His Highness
Chitlua Thirunnal Balawarma, the Maharaja of East while, princely state to
Travancore (now, Kerala state in India) with the technical collaboration of
British Titan Products (at present known as Huntsman Dioxide).
The royal vision was to convert the rich mineral sands of the country
into wealth that would utilized for the common good of the people. It is the
matter of pride that the manufacture of Titanium Dioxide was taken up here in
Thiruvananthapuram six decades above by His Highness late Chithra Thirunnal
Balawarma Maharaja who visualized the industrialization of his kingdom by
unearthing the rich mineral deposit. Now Travancore Titanium Products
Limited (TTP Ltd.) is the leading manufacturer of Anatase grade Titanium
Dioxide in India with ISO 9001:2008 certification. In 1960, Government of
Kerala took over the management of the company. Now the administrative
control is vested with the department of industries, Government of Kerala.

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History Milestone:

1946
Travancore Titanium Products Ltd was incorporated on 18th
December1946 in collaboration with British Titanium Products Ltd, UK for the
manufacture of anatase grade Titanium Dioxide pigment through sulphate route.
1950
Commercial production started with an installation capacity of 5 tonnes per day
(1,800 tonnes per annum)
1957
The company started its first expansion programme for doubling the production
capacity from 5 tonnes to 10 tonnes per day (1,800 tonnes Anatase and 1,800
tonnes Rutile per annum).

1960
Management of TTP Ltd. taken over by the Government of Kerala.
1961

Research, and Development wing was set up in the company

1963

Increased the production from 10 to 18 tonnes per day (3600 to 5400

tonnes per annum). However, the Rutile TiO2 production was
temporarily discontinued.
1973

Increased the production capacity from 5400 to 24500 tonnes per

annum.

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1979

KSIPTC (Kerala State Industrial Products Trading Corporation) was

appointed sole selling agents
1980

Upgradation of sulphuric acid plant to DCDA (Double Catalysis

Double Absorption) technology
1996

New 300 tonnes per day capacity sulphuric acid plant with DCDA
technology incorporating air pollution abatement

2002

Production of rutile Ti02 restarted with new technology developed

in the research lab of TTP Ltd.

2003

Direct marketing again by TTP Ltd.

2004

ISO9001:2000 company
2006

Production of pigment by 'in situ' method of hydrolysis

2011
New copperas removal and acid neutralization plants for complete waste
management and environmental protection

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3.2 Strategic Intent

Vision

"To be the large producers of Titanium Dioxide products and to

be the most preferred supplier.

Mission

"Our mission is to ensure customer satisfaction by

continuously improving our product quality and to earn a
reasonable profit".

Quality Policy

"To achieve customer satisfaction by efficiently managing

resources and delivering titanium related products through the
continual improvement of the quality management system".

3.3 Product Profile

Travancore Titanium Products Ltd is one of the largest
industries in India that produces Titanium Dioxide (TiO2).The
company is also manufacturing Potassium Titanate, Sodium Titanate,
low Phosphorous and special grade Titanium Dioxide comparatively
in small quantities. Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) is a white pigment and
there are two grades of Titanium Dioxide:
Rutile Grade.
Anatase Grade.
These two grades of Titanium Dioxide are chemically same but
their physical properties differ from each other. The company deals
with the production of Titanium Dioxide, which belongs to Anatase
grade. The major raw material used for production is Ilmenite. The
most important commercial use Ilmenite is for the manufacture of

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Titanium Dioxide pigment. Ilmenite is a compound of the oxides of

iron, Titanium, and traces of other elements. The separation of
Titanium Dioxide can be done though the sulphate route or chloride
route. The Travancore Titanium Products plant is based on the
Sulphate Route.
Few grades of Titanium Dioxide are produced namely:

Anatase-ISI grade

Rutile Grade

Anatase PG

Rutile PG

Anatase GP

Rutile GP

In addition to TiO2, TTP Ltd. manufactures small quantities of the following

demand:

Pottassium Titanate.

Anatase Special Grade.

Consumption pattern of TiO2

Paint
Rubber
Textile
Paper
Cosmetics
Synthetic Fibers
Ceramics&Enamelware
Printing Ink
Linoleum
Others

Chart (1): Consumption Pattern of TiO2

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TTP Ltd.

CHAPTER 4 |
ORGANIZATION STRUCTURES

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Departments are formed for the effective functioning of organization.

Every department has certain Objectives. The main aim of the department is the
fulfilment of the objectives. The structure of TTP Ltd. can be understood by
analysing the various departments of the company.
The various departments in TTP Ltd. are as follows:1. Production Department
2. Finance Department
3. Marketing Department
4. Human Resource Department
5. Commercial Department
6. Materials Department
7. Engineering Department
8. Legal Department
9. Safety Department
10. Project Department
11. Research and Development Department
12. Security and Vigilance Department
TTP Ltd. is governed by the Board of Directors consisting of six members:
1. Managing Director
2. Executive Director
3. Principal-Secretary of Industries Department-Chairman
4. Additional Secretary of Finance Department
5. Secretary of Industries Department
6. Government representative
Period of board depends on the government decision. The Government of
Kerala appoints Managing Director on deputation for a period of 3 years.

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Chart (2): Organization Set-Up in TTP Ltd.

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4.1 Production Department

The total production capacity of the plant is 50 tonnes/day. The production
department has co -ordination with all other departments. Chief Production Manager
heads the department. There are four sections in production department namely:
Titanium Dioxide Section,
Sulphuric Acid Plant (SAP),
Managerial Information System (MIS), and
Raw Materials and Packing Section (RM&PS)

4.1.1 Functions of Production Department

Carry out investigation and guide management on long-term measures
towards achievements of the goals of expansion in the areas of production
and quality.
To prepare detailed raw material plans and ensure the incoming quality
standards, their proper usage etc.
Constantly evaluating alternate source of raw materials, direct trails of the
same and to help the management to firm up the sources.
Integrate, direct and control efforts of production of Sulphuric Acid
pigments, dispatch raw materials etc. resulting in fulfilment of planned
targets for production and provide overall supervision of Titanium dioxide
production .
Receiving of raw materials and packing of final products.
Integrating the department itself with Research and Development
department for identifying solution to long-term problems.
To prepare a detailed production plan in consultation with General
Manager (works) and this must be consistent with company's production
objectives.
Integrate production efforts with maintenance to ensure implementation of
production and maintenance schedules and to avoid breakdowns by
helping maintenance under take jobs on time basic etc.

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4.2 Finance Department

Finance is the lifeblood of the business. Therefore, in every business
organization the most important department is finance department. Without this
department, no organization can work smoothly.
4.2.1 Functions of Financial Department:
To complete all budget work.
Assist all departments in providing financial administration of all
transactions.
To make proper entries in books of accounts and extract reports like Trail
I

Balance, Profit & Loss account, balance sheet on a time bound basis. To
collect all sums due to the company.
To make timely payments to creditors, suppliers, contractors, employees,
government statutory bodies, service providers etc.
Budget preparation, computerization, and finalization of annual budgets,
providing information regarding budget provision as and when required.
To assist all type of audit w o r k .
To file proper returns in time.
To manage cash properly to maintain proper liquidity.
Timely dispersant of salary/wages to employees as per agreement.
TTP Ltd. conducts four audits namely Internal Audit, Statutory Audit as
per companies act, Accountant General Audit and Inspection Audit.

4.2.2 Bankers of TTP Ltd.:

State Bank of India (SBI).
Federal Bank.
ICICI Bank.

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4.3 Marketing Department

Marketing department was started on 14/12/2002. Earlier there was no
marketing department in TTP Ltd.. The marketing department of Titanium
mainly concentrates on sale of final products, because of TTP Ltd. monopoly of
Titanium Dioxide. The Titanium Managing Committee (TMC) decides the sales
for the year. After fixing the sales target by TMC, it comes to the marketing
department, then it fixes price of the product.
There are two wings in the marketing department namely, Domestic sales, and
Export Wing, which deals with, export sales.

4.3.1 Objectives of Marketing Department

To select and appoint stockist and other customers for direct sales.

Invoicing and maintenance of customer accounts, follow up and

management of receivables.

Order evaluation and acceptance, maintenance of order

registers, priority-booking registers, dispatch registers.

To fix price, fixation of sales commission and overall sales policy

including market budget.

Export management.

Delivery and logistics management.

4.3.2 Customers
Presently company has 33 authorized stockiest. These stockiest are nominated
by company. A general agreement is executed between the company and the
stockiest. In addition to these stockiest, TTP has many direct customers. These
include reputed organizations like Asian paints, Berger paint, Godrej, Bata etc. The
sector wise classification of customers of Titanium products are Paint, Leather,
Paper, Plastic, printing ink, Soap, cosmetics, fabrics, rubber, ceramic, artificial
fibres, pharmaceutical preparation, textiles, electronic industries, ink etc. In TTP Ltd.
a customer satisfaction survey is conducted yearly.

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4.4 Human Resource Department

Human resource is the main asset of any organization. Therefore managing
the human resources are the most impo1iant functions of any organization.
Therefore, it is essential for any organization to fix a separate

department for

the management of human resources. The department is responsible for

personnel functions of the company to result in timely action for maintaining
smooth industrial relations, leading to employee's morale and productivity.
4.4.1 Objectives of HR Department

Administering the different committees for employee's participation.

For evolving system of prompt attention and redressal of

employees grievance and prevention of the same.

Implementing the standing orders pertaining in the company.

To provide basics for corporate strategies and policies for

maintenance of industrial peace and for workers motivation.

4.4.2 Functions of HR Department

1. Manpower planning and identification
2. Recruitment
3. Maintaining Service Records
4. Promotion
5. Performance appraisal
6. Labour welfare
7. Maintenance of records - regarding leave
8. Industrial Relation

4.4.3 Training Wing

Training wing is under the Human Resource Department. Both departments
chief is Chief Manager (HR). Training is provided to the workers for increasing
their skill and ability to perform specialized jobs.

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4.5 Commercial Department

The commercial department of TTP Ltd. involves in purchase activities and
contracts. The work of this department is to sub serve all other activities of the
company, which is results in smooth flow of material, inputs and services required.
4.5.1 Objectives of Commercial Department:
To serve as an information Centre on the materials knowledge relating to
price, source of supply, mode of delivery etc.
The quantity of materials purchased should be tested and certified by a
competent officer from the department/stores.
To develop good supplier relationship as this will ensure the best terms of
supply of materials.
The financial and legal interest of the organization related to purchase
activities are safeguard and the timely supply id guaranteed.

4.6 Materials Department

In TTP Ltd., even though the Materials section comes under the commercial
department, it is functioning independently. In this company, the investment in
current assets constitutes a lion portion. Therefore, a separate stores department is
maintained. The location and layout of the department is carefully planned so that
transportation charge can be minimized.

4.6.1 Functions of Materials Department:

1. Issues of materials
2. Dispatch
3. Inspection
4. Inward Materials
5. Raw materials
6. Inventory Control and Disposal

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4.7 Engineering Department

One of the major departments in TTP Ltd. is the Engineering Department, which
is headed by Chief Engineer. The engineering department is responsible for the
installation of all factory structures, plants, equipments, and their proper maintenance
and upkeep as well as optimum production of Titanium Dioxide. The Chief Engineer
co-ordinate the overall activities of all sections. TTP Ltd. has a well efficient
Engineering Department. The engineering department performs various functions
very smoothly. It has co -ordination with other departments also.
The engineering department in TTP Ltd. has 3 major sub divisions namely:

Mechanical Section
Electrical & Instrumentation Section
Civil Section

4.8 Legal Department

Legal department is to render legal opinion / advice on matters referred
from various other departments of the company on subjects varying
from recruitment and

service to matters related to contract and

commercial transactions. The Finance controller heads the TTP Ltd.s legal
department. This department is responsible for representing the company in
legal matters.
4.8.1 Objectives of Legal Department
Prevention and settlement of Industrial dispute.
Represent the company in the Court of Law.
File cases against external parties.
4.8.2 Functions of Legal Department
Service matters
Conduct of cases.
Disciplinary proceedings
Commercial transactions
Financial matters

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4.9 Safety Department

TTP Ltd. has a safety department in order to ensure the Safety

needs of its employees. According to Factories Act, every company

employing more than five hundred workers should have welfare and
security officer. The safety department, which is handled by a safety
manager, is considered vigilant in every aspect of production.
4.9.1 Functions of Safety Department
To provide the preventive action against accidents.
To create Safety Awareness .
Safety Training.
Give medical and other type of assistance in accidents.
To provide preventive action, which includes plant safety inspection, safety
audit, and periodic training program for accident prevention.
To create safety awareness among the employees.
To conduct investigation about the accidents that occurred.
To analysis the accidents occurred in a year and calculated

4.10 Project Department

The company takes project recently. So the importance of Project
Department gains its importance recently. This is a new department specially
created for carrying out the projects works successfully. The project department
in TTP, which is headed by Chief Manager ( Project and commercial) carry out
the projects for the company. They also dealt with plant modification and
expansion. Under the authority of Chief Manager (project), three wings are
presenting namely Civil, Mechanical, and Project wing.
The project department undertakes works like:
Plant modification and expansion.
New projects

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TTP Ltd.

4.11 Research and Development Department

TTP Ltd. also has a well-equipped and efficient R & D department
concerned with quality control and pollution monitoring, Technical services,
Research and pilot plant respectively. The department was concerned with the
researcher study of new processes or techniques for the company. By the
finding of departments, the company was able to find long -term solution to
certain problems of process and

quality.

4.11.1 Function of R&D Department:

Studying the variance.
Finding the process parameters like electricity revelation per minute
(rpm)
To improve the quality as well as quantity of products.
Monitoring the plant performance.
Monitoring the pollution.
Maintaining quality at all stages of products.

4.12 Security and Vigilance Department

Superintendent and Vigilance officer heads the companys security
department. It is the responsibility of security department to protect employees,
materials, machineries, buildings and protect during fire, theft and other
problems. As the security is 24 hrs. In every shift, head security guard heads the
security group.
4.12.1 Functions Security and Vigilance Department
To protect the personnel and property of the organization against theft and
pilferage.
To check all incoming and outgoing and vehicles.
To assist the management in case of strikes and labour unrest.
To bring irregularities to the management and suggesting remedial
measures.

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TTP Ltd.

CHAPTER 5 |
ORGANIZATION ANALYSIS

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CHAPTER 5 | ORGANIZATION ANALYSIS

TTP Ltd.

Organizational analysis is the process of reviewing the development, work

environment, personnel, and operation of a business or another type of association.
This review is often performed in response to crisis, but may also be carried out as
part of a demonstration project, in the process of taking a program to scale, or in the
course of regular operations. Conducting a periodic detailed organizational analysis
can be a useful way for management to identify problems or inefficiencies that have
arisen in the organization but have yet to be addressed, and develop strategies for
resolving them.
Organizational analysis focuses on the structure and design of the organization
and how the organization's systems, capacity and functionality influence outputs.
Additional internal and external factors are also accounted for in assessing how to
improve efficiency. Undertaking an organizational analysis is helpful in assessing an
organization's current well-being and capacity, and deciding on a course of action to
improve the organization's long-term sustainability.
When performing an organizational analysis, many details emerge about the
functions and capacity of the organization. All of these details can make pinpointing
what is efficient and inefficient difficult. Using theoretical organizational models can
help sort out the information, and make it easier to draw connections. After working
through these theoretical models, the organizations present situation is more
adequately addressed, and the trajectory of the organization can be more fully
determined.
There are many approaches and models used to analyse organizations status and
performance. In this study, TTP Ltd. company will be analysed using the following
analysis models:

1. SWOT Analysis
2. Competitive Analysis (Porters Five Forces Model)
3. PESTLE Analysis

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TTP Ltd.

5.1 SWOT Analysis

When you have a big business decision to make, one of the smartest things
you can do during the planning process is conduct a SWOT analysis.
SWOT, which stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, is an
analytical framework that can help your company face its greatest challenges and find
its most promising new markets. The method was created in the 1960s by business
gurus Edmund P. Learned, C. Roland Christensen, Kenneth Andrews and William D.
Book in their book "Business Policy, Text and Cases" (R.D. Irwin, 1969).
In a business context, the SWOT analysis enables organizations to identify both
internal and external influences. SWOT's primary objective is to help organizations
develop a full awareness of all the factors involved in a decision, said Bonnie Taylor,
chief marketing strategist at CCS Innovations.
"It is impossible to accurately map out a small business's future without
first evaluating it from all angles, which includes an exhaustive look at all
internal and external resources and threats," Taylor said. "A SWOT
accomplishes this in four straightforward steps that even rookie business
owners can understand and embrace."
SWOT analyses are often used during strategic planning. They can serve as a
precursor to any sort of company action, such as exploring new initiatives,
making decisions about new policies, identifying possible areas for change, or
refining and redirecting efforts midplan.

SWOT Analysis helps in strategic planning in following manner:a. It is a source of information for strategic planning.
b. Builds organizations strengths.
c. Reverse its weaknesses.
d. Maximize its response to opportunities.
e. Overcome organizations threats.
f. It helps in identifying core competencies of the firm.
g. It helps in setting of objectives for strategic planning.

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Chart (3): SWOT Analysis Elements

The Elements of a SWOT Analysis:

SWOT analysis aims to identify the key internal and external factors seen as
important to achieving an objective. SWOT analysis groups key pieces of information
into two main categories:
1. Internal factors the strengths and weaknesses internal to the organization
2. External factors the opportunities and threats presented by the environment
external to the organization.

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SWOT Analysis for TTP Ltd.

The usefulness of SWOT analysis is not limited to profit-seeking organizations.
SWOT analysis may be used in any decision-making situation when a desired endstate (objective) is defined.
TTP Ltd. is a major company, which is a public sector undertaking under
Government of Kerala. The company is in the face of extension now. The TTP
Ltd. has Strength as well as Weakness. It has also Opportunity and Threats.

5.1.1 Strength

TTP is a Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) under the Government of Kerala.

Brand name and excellent reputation.

High quality of products.

Experienced work force.

Easy availability of raw materials.

Strong and safety departments.

ISO 9001 : 2008 certification.

Functioning with internal source of fund.

Loyal customers.

Lesser government restrictions compared to other industries.

5.1.2 Weakness

Excess staff.

Production cost is very high.

Price of the product is very high than competitors.

Lack of technological up gradation.

No proper Management Information System.

Political interference in the day-to-day management.

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TTP Ltd.

Major policy decisions are taken by State Government and hence delay in
Decision-making.

There is high level of water and air pollution.

Strikes staged by local people against water pollution.

5.1.3 Opportunity

Scope for utilization of Plant's production capacity.

Maximum utilization of workforce efficiency.

Increase demand of Titanium dioxide globally.

Adopt new machineries and technologies.

Maximum exploitation of export -market.

The company has a good oppo1tunity to sell sulphuric acid.

5.1.4 Threats

Environmental pollution problem

Threat from local competitors like Colmark, Kilburn etc.

Import of Titanium Dioxide from China at a lower price.

Reduced price of competitors.

Modem technologies of competitors.

Quick decision making of competitors, conversely, delay in TTP Ltd. because of

bureaucratic nature of public sectors.
Bargaining power of customers.
Non-availability of raw materials.
Competitors are producing same type of materials at less cost because of modem
technology.

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TTP Ltd.

5.2 Competitive Analysis (Porters Five Forces Model)

Porter's five forces analysis is a framework that attempts to analyse the level of
competition within an industry and business strategy development. It draws upon
industrial organization (IO) economics to derive five forces that determine the
competitive intensity and therefore attractiveness of an Industry. Attractiveness in this
context refers to the overall industry profitability. An "unattractive" industry is one in
which the combination of these five forces acts to drive down overall profitability. A
very unattractive industry would be one approaching "pure competition", in which
available profits for all firms are driven to normal profit. This analysis is associated
with its principal innovator Michael E. Porter of Harvard University.

Chart (4): Porters Five Forces Model

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TTP Ltd.

Strategy consultants occasionally use Porter's five forces framework when

making a qualitative evaluation of a firm's strategic position. However, for most
consultants, the framework is only a starting point or "checklist." They might use
value chain or another type of analysis in conjunction. Like all general
frameworks, an analysis that uses it to the exclusion of specifics about a particular
situation is considered naive.
According to Porter, the five forces model should be used at the line-ofbusiness industry level; it is not designed to be used at the industry group or
industry sector level. An industry is defined at a lower, more basic level: a market
in which similar or closely related products and/or services are sold to buyers.
(See industry information.) A firm that competes in a single industry should
develop, at a minimum, one five forces analysis for its industry. Porter makes
clear that for diversified companies, the first fundamental issue in corporate
strategy is the selection of industries (lines of business) in which the company
should compete; and each line of business should develop its own, industryspecific, five forces analysis. The average Global 1,000 Company competes in
approximately 52 industries (lines of business)
The original competitive forces model, as proposed by Michel porter,
Identifies five forces that would influence organization behaviour in the
competitive market. These forces include the following:-

1) The rivalry between existing sellers in the market.

2) The potential threat of new sellers entering the market.
3) The threat of substitute products becoming available in the market.
4) The power exerted by the customers in the market.
5) The impact of the suppliers on the sellers.

Understanding the nature of each of these forces gives organizations the

necessary insights to enable them to formulate the appropriate to be successful
in their market.

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TTP Ltd.

Porters Five Force Model for TTP Ltd.

1) Industrial Rivalry
The TTP Ltd.'s share in the total Indian TiO2 market has drastically come
down from a position of monopolist. An industry with a growth rate of 7% (based
on GDP) is meaningful provided the demand/supply positions controlled by
indigenous players. But with liberalization, import duty cut made it cheaper to
import TiO2 products from China and Korea. Even though, TTP Ltd. is the only
Anatase Grade Titanium pigment plant in Kerala and its quality is well accepted
all over the world. Since, uniformity of the product is maintained, so it is not
differentiated. The market rate is reliable hence; TTP Ltd. is not facing high
competitive rivalry in the market.

2) Threat of New Entrants

TiO2 industry is capital intensive in nature. The capital required in the initial
phase is high because plant and machinery is expensive; hence, it acts as an entry
barrier of new firms. The process technology to produce ANATASE grade Tio2 is
not tightly controlled as that of Rutile grade TiO2. Raw materials are easily
available so it is not a problem for TTP Ltd.. TTP Ltd. is experienced in the
industry, so it can access raw material easily. The products are differentiated; the
customers can easily distinguish TTP Ltd. products from the competitors in terms
of high quality. Therefore, the threat of new entry is low in TTP Ltd..

3) Threat of Substitutes
A product like Titanium Dioxide cannot be substituted for any of the
customers of TTP Ltd.. Therefore, there is no threat of substitute due to the
customers loyalty to this particular brand. However, it is highly possible that new
total substitutes will emerge in the little coming years because of drastically
development in nanotechnology.

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TTP Ltd.

4) Bargaining Power of Buyers

Development in the paint industry is moving at a great pace. It is
particularly important for the paint manufacturers to have access to TiO2
pigments with the highest standards of quality. TTP Ltd. is well known around
the world for its pigments unique quality, which differentiates TTP Ltd.'s
products from the imported from China and Korea.
The buyers are concentrated on buying the product from the organization
itself, as it is a monopoly organization. The products manufactured by the
organization are uniform and not differentiated. The bargaining power of the
buyers is high due to low switching cost.
As the buyers are price sensitive, their bargaining power will be high. The
customers' integration is high on this product. As the customers are aware of the
production cost, their bargaining power will be higher. In short, by considering
all the above factors, it can be said that the bargaining power of the buyer is
high.

5) Bargaining Power of Suppliers

As the organization is not concentrated on suppliers, bargaining power of
suppliers is less. For Titanium dioxide, there is no substitute product. The
customers of suppliers are fragmented; hence, their bargaining power is less.
The switching cost from one supplier to another is less. The integration of the
supplier is reliable in the organization. In short, the bargaining power of the
suppliers of the organization is less as tenders are inviting from the suppliers for
buying the raw material.

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TTP Ltd.

5.3 PESTLE Analysis

PESTLE analysis describes a framework of macro-environmental factors used
in the environmental scanning component of strategic management. It is part of an
external analysis when conducting a strategic analysis or doing market research, and
gives an overview of the different macro-environmental factors to be taken into
consideration. It is a strategic tool for understanding market growth or decline,
business position, potential and direction for operations.
It is a business analysis technique which takes into account six groups of
external factors that can affect businesses. The six categories included are:

Political factors

Economic factors

Sociocultural factors

Technological factors

Legal factors

Environmental factors

1) Political Factors
The political factors taken into account for in PESTLE analysis are the variables,
which pertain to both local and global politics, but yet still influence businesses.
In PEST analysis, factors relating to the law and legal environment are often grouped
together with political factors; however, it is important to distinguish those as legal
factors in PESTLE analysis. Nonetheless, examples of political factors might include:

A countrys political system

International relationships

Government sanctions

Subsidies

2) Economic Factors
In PESTLE analysis, the economic factors are ones, which are connected with the
general state of the economy, goods, services, and money. There are a number of
different economic factors, which can affect business, including:

Supply and demand for a certain product

Taxes

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Interest rates

Inflation

TTP Ltd.

3) Sociocultural Factors
The S in PESTLE stands for sociocultural factors, or sometimes just simply
social factors. These are the factors connected with the public and their behaviour
(in other words, society and its culture). Here are some of the social factors that might
have an impact on business:

Consumer lifestyles

Social classes

Immigration and emigration

Family size

4) Technological Factors
Technological factors are ones, which relate to the existence, availability, and
development of technology. It is important to remember, though, that this is not just
exclusive to digital technology, but also includes mechanical and other physical
technologies. Some examples of technological factors are:

The development of robots

Internet connectivity

Security in cryptography

Engine efficiency

5) Legal Factors
PESTLE analysis also accounts for the legal factors that might affect a business.
These are external factors which focus on the influence that the law may have on
business operation and customer behavior. The important distinction between legal
factors and political factors is that the latter is concerned with government
intervention in society and the economy to create growth, while the former is
concerned with government intervention in society and the economy to maintain
fairness and wellbeing. Some examples of legal factors that you might come across in
a PESTLE analysis are as follows:

Consumer law

The legality of doing XYZ

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Fraud law

Import/Export law

TTP Ltd.

6) Environmental Factors
Environmental factors, also known as Ecological factors, refer to the variables
pertaining to the physical environment of the world. A few examples are:

Climate change

Animal extinction

Pollution

Chart (5): PESTLE Analysis

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PESTLE Analysis for TTP Ltd.

Many external environmental factors can affect TTP Ltd. especially this
company is a public company that is affected directly by any change in the
surrounding environment even if the change is light. PESTLE analysis explains these
factors as follows:
Political Factors
All the Governmental policies and regulations regarding chemical products will
directly affect the TTP Ltd.'s decisions to maintain its industry. The political factors
have the power to change results. It can also affect government policies at local to
federal level. Companies should be ready to deal with the local and international
outcomes of politics. Since TTP Ltd. is a public company, it is influenced by any
change in political factors such as:
- Increase or decrease in tax: The government might increase taxes for some
companies and lower it for others. Accordingly, this change will impact on TTP
Ltd..
- Bureaucracy: The strict bureaucratic nature of government transactions reflects
on the performance of TTP Ltd. and sometimes cause some delay in its day-today activities.
- Corruption level: Corruption is a cancerous disease that is rife in every country
that negatively affects the harmony and accordance in TTP Ltd. environment.
- Freedom of the press: The press and media is an essential factor that has to be
taken in account of TTP Ltd. especially in the wide margin of freedom that is
available nowadays.
- Tariffs: In case government decides to change the customs policy, the tariffs
that TTP Ltd. pays will change and that affects the cost of production and
subsequently the productivity of TTP Ltd..
- Trade control: The government controls Trade and manages the relationship
between competitors. TTP Ltd. has no excellency upon the other TiO2
producers even it has been considered a public company, so the company is
subjected to free market rule.

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Economic Factors
Economic factors play a large part in deciding how a company makes its decisions
(especially financial ones). Economic factors are connected with goods, services, and
money. Despite directly affecting businesses, these variables refer to financial state of
the economy on a greater level whether that be local or global. The reason for this
is that the state of the economy can decide many of the important details that come up
in an operating company, including topics such as consumer demand, taxes and asset
value.
- Interest rates: Interest rates might appear in a range of different places, imposed
by a range of different people. It is obvious that the status quo for interest rates
is of great interest to banking institutions, but it might also affect companies
whose strategies rely on taking large loans. TTP Ltd. use loans, but not in
remarkable amount because it depends on self-financing.
- Exchange rates: Exchange rates are a complicated topic, but they clearly have to
apply to those who deal with export or import such as TTP Ltd.. Changing
exchange rates might affect how much a company has to pay to its international
supplier to satisfy them, which can affect profit margins, as well as take a lot of
resources to stay on top of.
- Recession: An economic recession (of whatever scale) has the potential to
change the purchasing attitude of TTP Ltd. customers, which might force the
company to drop their prices or clear smaller volumes.
Social Factors
The social aspect focuses on the forces within the society. Family, friends,
colleagues, neighbours, and the media are social factors. These factors can affect our
attitudes, opinions, and interests. Therefore, it can impact sales of product and
revenues earned. The social factors shape who act as people. It affects how the people
behave and what they buy.
TTP Ltd. is affected by social factors in many ways; however, population changes
are directly affecting the organization. The supply and demand of goods and services
in an economy can change with the structure of the population. Decline in birth rates
mean demand will decrease. It also indicates greater competition as the total
consumers fall.

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TTP Ltd.

Technological Factors
Titanium products industry develops every day and new technologies are
introduced in all aspects of this industry starting from supply stage and ending with
distribution and passing through production process. In production process the
separation of Titanium Dioxide can be done through the Sulphate Route or
Chloride Route. The Travancore Titanium Products plant is based on the sulphate
route. Manufacture of Titanium Dioxide pigment through the sulphate route has the
drawback of the effluent problems associated with the process. Throughout the world,
producers of Aanatase grade pigment have resorted to development activities to
upgrade the technology so as to overcome this drawback. The last expansion of the
titanium pigment plant in TTP Ltd. was carried out for more than 25 years ago. Since
then the sulphate route technology production of Titanium Dioxide has undergone
several changes. It is worth mentioning in this context that TTP Ltd. should also
upgrade its technology to International Standards. New technology is not constrained
in production process; it comes to all the industry aspects. TTP Ltd. is supposed to
update its plants and all departments operations to reduce the cost of production and
entitle the company to survive among this fierce competition.
Legal Factors
Legal factors are external factors, which refer to how the law affects the way
businesses operate, and customers behave. There are many laws that affect and
interact with TTP Ltd. policies such as:

Consumer law

Discrimination law

Copyright law

Health and Safety law

Employment law

Fraud law

Pyramid scheme legality

Import/Export law

TTP Ltd. has a Legal Department, which deals with all legal issues and help the
company to confront all challenges that are enforced by legal environment of the
industry and the legislations issued by constitutional institutions and legitimate state.

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TTP Ltd.

Environmental Factors
In chemical industries, the environmental factor represents an obsession due to the
harmful waste that the factory produces in a remarkable amount. TTP Ltd. is located
in a place that is near to sea, which helps in direct flow of effluent from the industrial
plant to the sea. In addition to that liquid waste, the factory release a noteworthy
quantity of gases such as CO2 and some sulphuric gases that considered polluting
substances which contaminate air and contribute in global warming phenomenon.
TTP Ltd. carried out some modifications in some of its production process and
operations in order to reduce effluent. In the globalization perspective, TTP Ltd. is
required to enhance its plants to satisfy both the rising trend of environmental issues
and reduce the cost through of production to be able to compete in the international
market. New technology introduces many solutions for both matters of environment
and economic.
Environmental factors affecting TTP Ltd. business include:
-

Climate

Climate change

Weather

Pollution

Availability of non-renewable goods

And consequently,
-

Availability of certain renewable goods

Existence of certain biological species

Workplace efficiency

Environment-related laws

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TTP Ltd.

CHAPTER 6 |
FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND
SUGGESTIONS

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TTP Ltd.

6.1 FINDINGS

The Travancore Titanium Products Limited is one of the pioneering units

engaged in the manufacturing of Anatase grade titanium Dioxide.

Only male workers are employed in the plant of Travancore Titanium Product
Limited.

The educational qualification of the employees in TTP Ltd. is very high.

About 40% of the workers employed in the company are graduates.

The company is providing a well-conceived transport system and most of the

workers rate the conveyance facilities as good.

There is a good follow up of the well-defined rules and regulations.

The employees express satisfaction over the functioning of the various

departments.

Absence of marketing strategy.

The organization is blessed with highly skilled and experienced employees.

Uniform for all workers except those in the administrative levels

Complaints from the local inhabitants, nearby the company

Pollution is the main problem faced by the company.

As the company is a PSU, government sanction is needed for most of

the

process and hence administrative delay is of great concern for the firm.

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TTP Ltd.

6.2 SUGGESTIONS
1. Technological Upgradation
TTP Ltd. still follows the old technology that needs to be replaced immediately so
that new technology upgradation could give TTP Ltd. a much better output.
2. Pollution Control
If proper steps are taken to treat the liquid waste and vapour emission from

the

company, the company will become zero pollution company. TTP Ltd. should
undertake more projects

to control the pollution.

3. Method of production
Adopt new method of production that will minimize the cost of production
4. New project
The management of the company should take steps to continue the Effluent
Treatment Plant Project submitted by the project department
5. Development of new products
Because of the wide applications of titanium products, the company can develop
new products using the R & D facility.
6. Introduction of good Management Information System
TTP Ltd. doesnt have a good management information system. If it is introduced
in the company, the company should achieve a better integration between the
departments in the organization.
7. Training programme
Provide more training programmes to all the workers and office staff of the
organisation in order to develop their skills, knowledge and their attitude towards
works etc. This will automatically increase the production.

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TTP Ltd.

6.3 CONCLUSION
The Travancore Titanium Products Ltd. is a well reputed, profit making Indian
Company with an annual sales turnover of about 170 crores. The company is a boon
to India, as its main product, Titanium dioxide forms an essential ingredient of almost
all items used in our day-to-day life. Moreover, all the departments are functioning
hand-in-hand and contributing to improve the profitability of the organization.
The management of TTP Ltd. is well blessed with experienced and qualified
persons, which has resulted in profit maximization. TTP Ltd.'s welfare facilities
greatly emphasis on the high concern it has for the human resource. With these assets,
Travancore Titanium Products Limited will have a bright future.
TTP Ltd. is now facing great pollution problems, which will be solved soon with
the upcoming of the Effluent Treatment Plant Project. The Company is expecting
good profit in the coming years. With a strong management and dedicated work
force, TTP Ltd. can overcome all its problems and exploit the ever-increasing market
of Titanium Dioxide.

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TTP Ltd.

IX. Bibliography

Information Brochures and Journals, TTP Ltd.

Departmental Manuals

http://www.travancoretitanium.com

https://en.wikipedia.org

Stewart R Clegg, Stewart Clegg, Cynthia Hardy (1999), Studying

Organization: Theory and Method, SAGE Publications.

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