Impact Test

Objective:
The main objective of this experiment is to introduce two
important basic mechanical property tests; hardness and impact
(using Charpy& Izod testing).
Introduction
Toughness is a measure of the amount of energy a material
can

absorb

before

fracturing.

It

becomes

of

engineering

importance when the ability of a material to withstand an impact

load without fracturing is considered. Impact test conditions were
chosen to represent those most severe relative to the potential for
fracture, namely, (1) deformation at a relatively low temperature,
(2) a high strain rate (i.e., rate of deformation), and (3) a triaxial
stress state (which may be introduced by the presence of a
notch). The Charpy impact test continues to be used nowadays as
an economical quality control method to assess the notch
sensitivity and impact toughness of engineering materials. It is
usually used to test the toughness of metals. Similar tests can be
used for polymers, ceramics and composites. The charpy impact
test measures the energy absorbed by the high strain rate
fracture of a standard notched specimen..

Specimens: 1- Charpy specimen

The Charpy impact test measures the energy absorbed by a

standard notched specimen while breaking under an impact load.
The Charpy impact test continues to be used as an economical
quality control method to determine the notch sensitivity and
impact toughness of engineering materials.

2- Izod specimen

Notched Izod Impact is a single point test that measures a

materials resistance to impact from a swinging pendulum. Izod
impact is defined as the kinetic energy needed to initiate fracture
and continue the fracture until the specimen is broken. Izod
specimens are notched to prevent deformation of the specimen
upon impact. This test can be used as a quick and easy quality
control check to determine if a material meets specific impact
properties or to compare materials for general toughness.

Test data:Sample number

absorbed energy

Type of surface at the break

(j)
50

and remarks
Steel (ductile)

Conclusion

The more energy absorbed by the specimen, the more toughness

the material will be Specimen with lowest absorbed energy means
its brittle and has least toughness which can break easily and
cannot withstand the sudden high loads which is in this test was
specimen number (1) for both IZOD and CHARPY test Specimen
with Highest absorbed energy means its ductile and has highest
toughness which can withstand the sudden high loads which is in
this test was specimen number for both IZOD and CHARPY test.