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APPENDIKS B
NERACA ENERGI
Kapasitas
A
140140
-35500
B
-152,3
1287,2
7,8754
Orthoxylene
(C8H10)
1017,5
36500
C
0,695
-2,599
0,5226
5
D
-
E
-
-2,63
0,6478
1
Ethylbenzene
0,8053
154040 -142,29
(C8H10)
9
Hidrogen (H2)
66,653 6765,9 -123,63
Water
276370 -2090,1 8,125
-0,014116 9,370x10-6
Sumber : Tabel 2-153 Chapter 2 Chemical Engineers Handbook (Perry, 1934)
Benzene (C6H6)
129440
-169,5
A
-8,0656
-7,388
-7,388
-7,388
-8,7432
-7,388
6,8927
6
B
0,132327
0,149772
0,149772
0,149772
0,114882
0,149772
C
-0,00008086
-0,00008774
-0,00008774
-0,00008774
-0,00007398
-0,00008774
D
2,8934 x10-8
3,9958 x10-8
3,9958 x10-8
3,9958 x10-8
1,791 x10-8
3,9958 x10-8
1,82835x10-5
7,85832 x10-7
-2,07882 x10-10
(Sumber : Chopey)
Tabel B.3 Heat Capacity of Gas use Rihani and Doraiswamy Methode
Komponen
A
B
C
D
Simbol
Toluene
-7,286
9,5735
-0,6165
0,014925
0,6087
-1,3883
2,1433
1,5159
-0,0852
-0,1069
0,01135
0,002659
-CH3
C
B-2
-8,0656
-8,0656
13,2327
0,132327
-0,8086
-0,00008086
0,028934
2,8934x10-08
-5,8288
7,6588
-0,4932
0,01194
1,2174
4,2866
-0,1704
0,0227
P-xylena
-CH3
C
-2,7766
-7,388
-7,388
3,0318
14,9772
0,149772
-0,2138
-0,8774
-0,00008774
0,005318
0,039958
3,9958 x10-08
O-xylena
-7,388
0,149772
-0,00008774
3,9958 x10-08
M-xylena
-7,388
0,149772
-0,00008774
3,9958 x10-08
-8,7432
11,4882
-0,7398
0,01791
Benzena
-8,7432
0,114882
-0,00007398
1,791 x10-08
(Sumber : Chopey)
Tabel B.4 Heat of Vaporization (J/kmol)
Komponen
C1
C2
Toluena (C7H8)
49507000 0,37742
P-xilena (C8H10)
53819000 0,36695
M-xilena (C8H10)
54626000 0,37289
O-xilena (C8H10)
55395000 0,37788
Benzena (C6H6)
45346000 0,39053
Ethylbenzena (C8H10)
Hidrogen (H2)
54805000 0,39524
Sumber : Tabel 2-153 Chapter 2 Chemical Engineers Handbook (Perry, 1934)
Tabel B.5 Heat of Formation (kJ/gmol)
Hf
komponen
Kj/kmol
(kJ/gmol)
Toluena (C7H8)
-50
-50000
P-xilena (C8H10)
-17,95
-17950
M-xilena (C8H10)
-17,24
-17240
O-xilena (C8H10)
-19
-19000
Benzena (C6H6)
-48,66
-48660
Ethylbenzena (C8H10)
-29,79
-29790
Hidrogen (H2)
0
0
kkal/kmo
l
-11950
-4290,05
-4120,36
-4541
-11629,7
-7119,81
0
B-3
Sumber : Appendiks Tabel F-1 Basic Principles And Calculation In Chemical Engineering
(Himmelblau, 1962)
1. MIXING POINT 1 (PERCABANGAN 1)
Fungsi : Mencampur Toluena dan recycle toluena dari Distilasi (D-320)
Komponen
Toluena
P-xilena
M-xilena
O-xilena
Benzena
Total Panas
BM
B
M
92
106
106
106
78
Massa
Massa
(kg)
(g)
420157,0398 420157040
421,1256287 421125,629
0
0
0
0
547463,31
547,4633173
7
421125,6287
(H1)
(kkal)
1423574,3
4630,7845
2913,6728
2496,2527
1433615
N
(kmol)
4566,9243
3,9728833
0
0
CpL
(kJ/Kmol)
3438,898246
2029,429407
4011,245998
1553,130777
(H16)
(kkal)
15705188
8062,6862
0
0
7,0187605
2990,825879
20991,89
15734243
B-4
P-xylena
M-xylena
O-xylena
Benzena
Total Panas
106
106
106
78
3943,737485
1409,044743
2113,567114
547,4633173
1125648
3943737,49
1409044,74
2113567,11
547463,317
1125648000
37,205071
13,292875
19,939312
7,0187605
969,4946251
1642,436708
826,8512197
1224,752836
36070,116
21832,706
16486,845
8596,2468
17167858
1433615,041
Keluar (kkal)
H
2
17167858
15734242,7
17167858
17167858
2. Vaporizer (V-120)
Fungsi : Untuk mengubah toluene liquid menjadi fase uap
Qsupply
Qloss
H2
H3
V-120
Komponen
BM
Toluena
P-xilena
M-xilena
O-xilena
Benzena
Total panas
92
106
106
106
78
Massa
(kg)
1117634,187
3943,737485
1409,044743
2113,567114
547,4633173
1125648
Massa
(g)
1117634187
3943737,49
1409044,74
2113567,11
547463,317
1125648000
N
(Kmol)
12148,198
37,205071
13,292875
19,939312
7,0187605
CpL
(kJ/Kmol)
1406,370895
969,4946251
1642,436708
826,8512197
1224,752836
(H2)
(kkal)
17084872
36070,116
21832,706
16486,845
8596,2468
17167858
BM
Massa
(kg)
Massa
(g)
92
1117634,187 1117634187
106
106
3943,737485
1409,044743
3943737,49
1409044,74
N
(Hvapor)
(Kmol)
kkal
12148,19 95223253,6
8
7
37,20507 329686,083
1
7
13,29287 118940,7763
B-5
O-xilena
Benzena
106
2113,567114
2113567,11
78
547,4633173
547463,317
Total panas
5
19,93931
2
7,018760
5
1125648 1125648000
182500,146
8
47581,0981
2
95901961,7
7
BM
Toluena
92
P-xilena
M-xilena
O-xilena
Benzena
Total panas
106
106
106
78
Massa
Massa
(kg)
(g)
1117634,187 1117634187
3943,73748
5 3943737,49
1409,04474
3 1409044,74
2113,567114 2113567,11
547,463317
3 547463,317
1125648 1125648000
N
(Kmol)
12148,198
Cpg
(kJ/Kmol)
2769,83424
(H3)
(kkal)
33648494
37,205071
3372,291549
125466,35
13,292875
19,939312
3372,291549
3372,291549
44827,45
67241,175
7,0187605
2167,376931
15212,3
33901,241
505,317
150
475,8 151,0958 656,4135
7
(Sumber : Geankoplis Appendiks A.2-9)
Q
=mx
118563521,5 = m x (505,3177)
M
= 234631,6415 kg
Neraca Panas Vaporizer
B-6
Masuk
Keluar
(kkal)
(kkal)
H2
17167858 H3
129803203
Qsupply 118563521,5 Qloss
5928176,1
Total
135731379 Total
135731379
3. Mixing Point 2 (Percabangan 2)
Fungsi : mencampur Toluena dan H2
BM
Toluena
P-xilena
M-xilena
O-xilena
Benzena
Total Panas
92
106
106
106
78
Massa
Massa
(kg)
(g)
1117634,187 1117634187
3943,737485 3943737,49
1409,044743 1409044,74
2113,567114 2113567,11
547,4633173 547463,317
1125648 1125648000
N
(kmol)
12148,198
37,205071
13,292875
19,939312
7,0187605
Cpg
(kJ/Kmol)
2769,83424
3372,291549
3372,291549
3372,291549
2167,376931
(H4)
(kkal)
33648494
125466,35
44827,45
67241,175
15212,3
33901241
B
M
2
Massa
(kg)
1125648
Massa
(g)
1125648000
N
(kmol)
562824
Cpg
(kJ/Kmol)
663,550044
(H6)
(kkal)
373461890
373461890
B-7
Cpg
(kJ/Kmol)
2769,83424
3372,291549
3372,291549
3372,291549
2167,376931
663,550044
(H5)
(kkal)
33648494
125466,35
44827,45
67241,175
15212,3
373461890
407363131
H12
R-210
BM
Fraks
Massa (kg)
kmol
Cpg
H11
B-8
i
Massa
(kJ/kmol)
Toluena
92
0,5
1117634,187
P-xilena
106
3943,737485
M-xilena
106
1409,044743
O-xilena
106
2113,567114
Benzena
78
547,4633173
Hidrogen
Total Panas
0,5
1,00
12148,1976
9
37,2050706
1
13,2928749
3
19,9393123
9
7,01876047
9
562824
1125648
2251296
19443,73529 236206340,1
23869,03732 888049,2189
23869,03732 317288,1278
23869,03732 475932,1917
15018,43326 105410,7858
3229,185836
1817463289
2055456310
C6H6
Benzena
7,018760479
3642,029667
3649,048427
+
P-Xilena
37,20507061
1821,014834
1858,219904
C8H10
O-xilena
M-xilena
13,29287493 19,93931239
728,4059334 1092,6089
741,6988083 1112,548212
m
S
2 C7H8
Toluena
97,28276709
4766,855587
C6H6
+
C8H10
Benzena
Ethylbenzena
48,64138354
48,64138354
3697,689811
48,64138354
C7H8
-11950
97,2827
-1162529,067
C6H6
-11629,74
48,6414
-565686,6439
C8H10
-7119,81
48,6414
-346317,4090
B-9
HRx 25
250525,0139
kkal
= -58107034,47 + 250525,0139
= -57856509,46 kkal
Hk (kkal)
68941471,89
32839690,25
13107791,53
19661687,3
41608936,38
859622,6773
145143278
162845198
1570595470 Total
1570595470
Qserap
B-10
Fungsi : Mendinginkan gas setelah keluar dari kompressor agar suhunya sesuai dengan
kondisi reaktor
Air Pendingin
H10
H9
E-113x
B
M
Fraksi Massa
0,985825991
Massa
Toluena
92
P-xilena
106 1,60212x10-05
3943,74
M-xilena
1409,04
O-xilena
2113,57
Benzena
78
Hidrogen
Etil benzena
Total
106 0
2
0
0,98585078
6,3226 x10-07
1117634,19
547,46
0,00
0,00
1125648,00
kmol
12148,1976
9
37,2050706
1
13,2928749
3
19,9393123
9
7,01876047
9
0
0
Cp dT
H9 (kkal)
24,90987889 302610,1332
30,76012665 1144,432684
30,76012665 408,8905164
30,76012665 613,3357746
19,05963114
133,7749858
3,886395203 0
30,76012665 0
304910,5672
Massa
kmol
Cp dT
Hm (kkal)
B-11
Toluena
P-xilena
M-xilena
O-xilena
Benzena
Hidrogen
Etil benzena
Total
Qserap
Kondensat
92
106
106
106
78
106
2
0,985825991 1117634,19
1,60212E-05
3943,74
2,50353E-06
1409,04
5,63293E-06
2113,57
6,3226E-07
547,46
0
0,00
0
0,00
0,98585078 1125648,00
12148,19769
37,20507061
13,29287493
19,93931239
7,018760479
0
0
19,44373529
23,86903732
23,86903732
23,86903732
15,01843326
3,229185836
23,86903732
236206,3401
888,0492189
317,2881278
475,9321917
105,4107858
0
0
237993,0204
Air pendingin
E-412x
Massa
kmol
Cp dT
HI (kkal)
B-12
Toluena
P-xilena
M-xilena
O-xilena
Benzena
Hidrogen
Etil benzena
Total
92
106
106
106
78
106
2
0,008488651
0
0
0
0,991511349
0
0
1
2120,17
23,04535724 19,44373529
0,00
0
23,86903732
0,00
0
23,86903732
0,00
0
23,86903732
247645,41 3174,941139 15,01843326
0,00
0
3,229185836
0,00
0
23,86903732
249765,58
448,0878258
0
0
0
47682,64161
0
0
48130,72943
Massa
2120,17
0,00
0,00
0,00
247645,41
0,00
0,00
249765,58
kmol
23,04535724
0
0
0
3174,941139
0
0
Cp dT
187,7750961
139,3463636
219,1905713
125,1925179
163,7197854
0
90,04288819
Hn (kkal)
21636,72085
0
0
0
2599003,411
0
0
2620640,132
Qloss
B-13
Total
Qsupply
Qserap
48130,72943 Total
-2572509,4
48130,72943
7. Heater (E-312)
Fungsi : Memanaskan
Hu
Ht
E-312x
kmol
4609,071448
3814,403957
354,5439575
110,0308834
3190,895618
0
7127,556111
19206,50197
Cp dT
1955,026533
1297,448194
2282,930288
1078,120794
1701,821367
0
2297,670152
Ht (kkal)
9010856,971
4948991,526
809399,139
118626,5834
5430334,343
0
16376772,93
36694981,5
kmol
4609,07144
8
3814,40395
Cp dT
Hm (kkal)
3220,436028
1936,23098
14843219,75
7385567,111
92
106
0,37171518
0,354439062
Massa
424034,573
2
404326,819
B-14
4
M-xilena
O-xilena
Benzena
Hidrogen
Etil benzena
106
0,032944656
106
0,010224204
78
106
0,218180649
0
0,012496249
Total
7
354,543957
5
110,030883
4
3190,89561
8
0
37581,6595
3757,276142
11663,2736
4
1501,887727
248889,858
2
2801,13553
0
0
14255,1122
2
7127,556111 3793,149813
1140751,29 19206,5019
6
7
1332119,553
165254,0333
8938131,088
0
27035888,13
59700179,66
Qloss
= 0,05 Qsupply (5%)
Ht + Q supply
= Ht
+ Qloss
36694981,5 + supply = 59700179,66 + 0,05 Q supply
0,95 Q supply
= 23005198,16
Q supply
= 24215998,07 kkal
Q loss
= 1210799,903 kkal
Menghitung massa steam yang dibutuhkan
Steam yang digunakan adalah steam saturated dengan suhu 300oC dan bertekanan
8581 kPa.
T (C) P (kPa) Hl (kJ/kg) Hv (kJ/kg) Hv (kkal/kg) Hl (kkal/kg)
274
335,79
300
8581
1344
1405
657,011
321,216
9
5
Qsupply
24215998,07
msteam
=mx
= m x 335,795
= 72115,4218 kg
= 72,11542181 ton