1 Two objects that have the same temperature also have the same thermal energy.

True
A)
False
B)

2 Two objects are said to be in thermal equilibrium if and only if they are at the same
temperature.
True
A)
False
B)

3 Twenty Celsius degrees represents the same temperature interval as twenty kelvins.
True
A)

False

B)

4 Water freezes at 460 on the Rankine scale.

True
A)
False
B)

5 When a temperature interval is converted from Rankine degrees to kelvins, the number of
Rankine degrees should be multiplied by 5/9.
True
A)
False
B)

6 When a specific temperature in degrees Fahrenheit is converted to the corresponding

temperature in degrees Celsius, the number is multiplied by 9/5 and added to 32.
True
A)

False

B)

7 For a given temperature interval, the same linear expansion coefficient may be used for the
same material, regardless of the choice of units for length.
True
A)

False

B)

8 For a solid disk with a hole in its center, the diameter of the disk and the diameter of the hole
will increase in length per unit length at a rate given by its linear expansion coefficient.
True
A)

False

B)

9 The volume expansion coefficient for a solid is approximately equal to 3 times the linear
expansion coefficient, but this does not represent a true equality.
True
A)

False

B)

10 The temperature at the bottom of a frozen lake of fresh water is 4C.

True
A)

False
B)

11 Which of the following represents the steam point for water?

100F
A)

212C

B)
273 K
C)

672R

D)

12 Which of the following represents the largest temperature interval?

40 F
A)
30 K
B)

50 R

C)
20 C
D)

13 Two objects are in thermal equilibrium when they have the same
kinetic energy
A)

temperature

B)
thermal energy
C)

D)

potential energy

14 Which of the following represents the smallest specific temperature?

40F
A)
5F
B)

510R

C)
280 K
D)

15 The coefficient of linear expansion will vary only with a change in

temperature
A)

initial length

B)
thermal energy
C)

material

D)

16 When a flame is held to the bulb of a mercury-in-glass thermometer, the mercury level will
rise
A)
drop
B)

drop and then rise

C)
rise and then drop
D)

17 The boiling point of oxygen is -183C. This temperature is also

-329.4F
A)

162.6R

B)
456 K
C)

-83.9F

D)

18 The linear expansion coefficient for silver is 2 x10

100C. The increase in length is approximately

/C. A 6-in. bar of silver is heated from 0 to

-5

0.06 in.
A)

0.12 in.

B)
0.012 in.
C)

0.006 in.

D)

19 The area expansion coefficient for the silver bar in Question 18 is approximately
1 X 10-5/F
A)
4 X 10-5/F
B)

7.2 X 10-5/F

C)
2.2 X 10-5/F
D)

20 The volume expansion coefficient for ethyl alcohol is 11 X 10

/C. What change in temperature

must occur to increase the volume of 16 L of the alcohol to 17 L?
-4

56.8 C
A)

1454 C

B)
53.5 C
C)

90.9 C

D)

21 The temperature at which the volume of an ideal gas is zero is referred to

as

22 Temperature is a measure of the

per molecule, and two

objects that are at the same temperature are in

23 A metal bar 1 ft in length increases its length by 0.0006 ft when its temperature is increased by
1 C. Under the same conditions, a 1-m length of the same material would increase its length
by
m.

24 The coefficient of linear expansion may be defined as the change

in

per unit

change in

per degree
.

25 A device that can give an indication of its own temperature is called

a(n)

26 The temperature interval on the Kelvin scale is the same as

the

temperature interval; however, it is larger than the

Fahrenheit interval by a factor of

27 Two fixed points often used as standards for calibration of thermometers are
the

and the

28 One hundred eighty division on the Fahrenheit scale would correspond

to

division on the Kelvin scale.

29 Thermal energy represents the sum of the

and

of all molecules present in a substance.

30 Water experiences its maximum

at 4C.

1 Since the Btu is based on the pound, its magnitude depends on the acceleration due to gravity.
True
A)

B)

False

2 The Btu is a larger unit of heat than the kilocalorie.

True
A)
False
B)

3 It is proper to speak of the heat capacity of a penny and the specific heat capacity of copper.
True
A)

False

B)

4 The specific heat of any material is the same numerically in either the metric or British system
of units.

True
A)

False

B)

5 A unit mass of water will absorb a larger quantity of heat per degree change in temperature
than any other common substance.
True
A)

False

B)

6 Since temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy per molecule, the absorption or
emission of thermal energy is always accompanied by a change in temperature.
True
A)

False

B)

7 More than 5 times the thermal energy is required to vaporize 1 g of water than is required to
melt 1 g of ice.
True
A)
False
B)

8 Two objects that have the same heat capacity must be made of the same material.
True
A)

False

B)

9 The heat lost is equal to the heat gained unless a change of phase occurs.
True
A)
False
B)

10 The mass of water displaced by a thermometer in a calorimetry experiment is known as

the water equivalent of the thermometer.
True
A)
False
B)

11 Which of the following is not a property of a material?

Specific heat
A)

Heat capacity
B)

Heat of fusion

C)
Heat of combustion
D)

12 Which of the following represents the largest transfer of heat?

600 cal
A)

3 Btu

B)
0.7 kcal
C)

2200 ft * lb

D)

13 Which of the following is best associated with the term heat?

A change of temperature
A)
A change in kinetic energy
B)

A change in thermal energy

C)
A change in heat capacity
D)

14 The specific heat of aluminum is 0.22 cal/(g * C). The quantity of heat required to change the
temperature of 10 lb of aluminum from 20 to 100F is approximately
220 Btu
A)
200 Btu

B)

176 Btu

C)
88 Btu
D)

15 When a liquid freezes, it

evolves heat
A)

absorbs heat

B)
decreases in temperature
C)

sublimes

D)

16 The quantity of heat required to convert 10 g of ice at 0C to steam at 100C is

6300 cal
A)
7200 cal
B)

720 cal

C)
1350 cal
D)

17 If 50 g of aluminum shot (c = 0.22) is heated to 100C and dropped into 200 g of water at
20C, the equilibrium temperature (neglecting other heat transfers) is approximately
24C
A)
26C
B)

34C
C)

46C

D)

18 A 50-g aluminum calorimeter cup is partially filled with 200 g of water at 20C. What mass of

copper (c = 0.093) at 100C should be added to the system for the equilibrium temperature to
be 30C?
32.4 g
A)
47.5 g
B)

324 g

C)
476 g
D)

19 For a given substance, which of the following processes transfers the largest amount of thermal
energy per unit of mass?
Fusion
A)
Vaporization
B)

Freezing

C)
Sublimation
D)

20 If 5 g of steam at 100C is mixed with 10 g of ice at 0C, the equilibrium mixture includes
3.33 g of steam and 11.67 g of water
A)

B)

1.67 g of steam and 13.33 g of water

1.67 g of steam and 3.33 g of water

C)

15 g of water

D)

21 The

is the quantity of heat required to change the

temperature of 1 lb of water through 1 F.

22 The calorie is the quantity of heat required to change the

of

of water through one

23 The quantity of heat per unit mass of a substance required to change its temperature through
one degree is called its

24 The latent heat of fusion of a substance is the

change

of the substance from

a(n)
its

necessary to

to a(n)

at

25 The latent heat of vaporization is the heat per unit

substance required to change it from a(n)
a(n)

at its

of a
to
.

26 The

of

is the heat per

unit mass required to burn a substance completely.

27 The latent heat of vaporization for water is

or

cal/g,

Btu/lb.

28 The process in which a substance changes directly from its solid phase to its vapor phase is
called

29 The quantitative relationship between thermal energy units and mechanical energy units is
called

30 The conservation of heat energy states that in any given transfer of thermal energy
the

must equal the

1 The relationships that predict heat transfer are based on empirical observations and depend on
ideal conditions.
True
A)

B)

False

2 The quantity of heat transferred through a slab of area 4 ft is greater than the quantity of heat
conducted through an area of 8 ft, assuming that all other parameters are constant.
True
A)

False

B)

3 When a radiator is used to heat a room, the principal method of heat transfer warming the
room is convection.
True
A)

False

B)

4 Air-conditioning outlets in the ceiling are more efficient than those on the floor.
True
A)
False
B)

5 All objects emit electromagnetic radiation, regardless of their temperature or the temperature
of their surroundings.
True
A)
False
B)

6 An object that absorbs a large percentage of incident radiation will be a poor emitter of
radiation.
True
A)

False
B)

7 Because of a similarity in the definition of heat units, the thermal conductivities are the same
numerically in the engineering system and the metric system of units.
True
A)
False
B)

8 A body at the same temperature as its surroundings radiates and absorbs heat at the same
rate.
True
A)
False
B)

9 In a composite wall of two or more different materials, the same number of calories is
transferred per unit area per unit time through each material after time is allowed for steady
flow to be established.
True
A)

False

B)

10 The units of thermal conductivity in the metric system may be written cal * cm/(cm2 * s * C),
but the numerical value would be different.
True
A)

False

B)

11 Which of the following geometries will result in the largest convection coefficient?

Vertical plate
A)

Horizontal plate, facing upward

B)
Diagonal plate
C)

Horizontal plate, facing downward

D)

12 When the temperature of an object is doubled, its rate of radiation is increased by a factor of
2
A)
4
B)

C)
16
D)

13 The dead airspace between the walls of a calorimeter cup and its outside container minimizes
heat loss due to
conduction
A)
convection
B)

radiation

C)
contamination
D)

14 The rate at which heat flows through a solid plate of some materials does not depend on the
temperature difference

A)

thickness

B)
specific heat
C)

area

D)

15 The direction of heat flow is always from

high temperature to low temperature
A)
high pressure to low pressure
B)

high density to low density

C)
a point of higher emissivity
D)

16 Which of the following does not indicate heat flow as a quantity of heat per unit time?
kA t/L
A)

hA t

B)
H
C)

eT4

D)

17 The thermal conductivity of a plate is 0.01 kcal/s * m * C. The plate is 2 cm thick and has a
cross section of 4000 cm. If one side is at 150C and the other at 50C, the number of
kilocalories transferred every second is approximately
10 kcal
A)

20 kcal
B)

40 kcal

C)
80 kcal
D)

18 The convection coefficient for a vertical plate is 12.7 X 1

kcal/s * m * C when the difference

of temperature between the plate and its surroundings is 810C. How much heat is transferred
by convection from each side of the plate in 1 h if the area is 20 cm?
-4

0.206 cal
A)

12.4 cal

B)
7410 cal
C)

8410 cal

D)

19 A body having an emissivity of 0.2 and a surface area of 0.2 m is heated to 727C. The power
radiated from the surface is approximately
634 W
A)

1134 W

B)
1830 W
C)

2268 W

D)

20 The units Btu/(h * ft * F) are appropriate for the

convection coefficient
A)

thermal conductivity
B)

rate of radiation

C)
emissivity
D)

21 Two types of convection that apply to most heating systems

are

convection and

convection.

22 For the common laboratory calorimeter, heat losses resulting

from

are minimized by a dead airspace. The rubber ring

prevents heat losses by

, and radiation losses are

minimized by the

23 Heat is transferred from the sun to the earth by means of

24 The rate at which thermal radiation is emitted from a surface varies directly with
the

25 The

power of the

of a body is a measure of its ability to absorb or emit

thermal radiation, and it may vary from a value of

value of

to a

26 The convection coefficient is not a property of the solid or fluid but depends primarily on
the

of the solid. The convection coefficients for a wall, a

floor, and a ceiling are largest for the

the

and lowest for

.

27 The British units commonly used for thermal conductivity are

the

, and the metric units are

the

28 Copper has about twice the thermal conductivity of aluminum, but its specific heat is a little less
than half that of aluminum. A rectangular block is made from each material, so that they have
identical masses and the same surface area at their bases. Each block is heated 300C and
placed on top of a large cube of ice.The
block will sink
deeper into the ice because it has a higher
The

block will stop sinking first because it has a

higher

29 The warm air over a burning fire will rise under the influence
of

currents.

30 On a cold day, a piece of iron feels colder to the touch than a piece of wood at the same
temperature because the iron has a higher

1 Provided that the mass and temperature of an ideal gas are maintained constant, the volume of
a gas is directly proportional to its absolute pressure.
True
A)

False

B)

2 If the mass and volume of a gas remain constant, doubling the pressure will also double the
temperature.

True
A)

False

B)

3 The mass of a single molecule of a substance is known as its molecular mass.

True
A)
False
B)

4 At a temperature of 273 K and a pressure of 1 atm, 1 mol of any gas will occupy a volume of
22.4 L.
True
A)
False
B)

5 Only absolute temperatures and absolute pressures can be used in applying the general gas
laws.
True
A)

False
B)

6 If the relative humidities inside and outside the house are the same, the dew points must also
be the same.
True
A)
False
B)

7 The saturated vapor pressure for a substance is greater at higher temperatures.

True
A)

False

B)

8 All forms of vaporization are cooling processes.

True
A)
False
B)

9 It is possible for ice to be in thermal equilibrium with boiling water.

True
A)

False

B)

10 The same mass of any ideal gas will occupy the same volume at standard temperature and
pressure.

True

A)

False

B)

11 Boyles law states that, when other parameters are held constant,
pressure varies directly with volume
A)
pressure varies directly with temperature
B)

pressure varies inversely with volume

C)
volume varies directly with temperature
D)

12 If the mass and pressure of a gas are held constant while its volume doubles, the temperature
is changed by a factor of

A)

B)

C)
4
D)

13 The amount of water contained in the air of a given room is described most accurately by the
absolute humidity
A)

relative humidity

B)
vapor pressure
C)

dew point
D)

14 It is possible for a substance to coexist in all three of its phases in equilibrium when the
substance is at its
critical pressure
A)
critical temperature
B)

triple point

C)
dew point
D)

15 At a temperature of 273 K and a pressure of 1 atm, 1 mol of any gas will occupy a volume
of 1 L
A)

of 22.4 m

B)
equal to its molecular mass
C)

of 22.4 L

D)

16 A weather balloon is filled to a volume of 400 L at 0C. What will its volume be at 100C if the
pressure is constant?
147 L
A)

255 L

B)
293 L
C)

547 L
D)

17 The molecular mass of oxygen is 32 g/mol. How many molecules are present in 64 g of oxygen?
Avogadros number is 6.02 X 1023.
3.012 X 1023 molecules
A)
6.02 X 1023 molecules
B)

12.04 X 1023 molecules

C)
24.092 X 1023 molecules
D)

18 How many grams of CO

2 (M = 44 g) will occupy a volume of 200 L at a pressure of 3 atm and

an absolute temperature of 300 K?

10,719 g
A)
512 g
B)

107 g

C)
244 g
D)

19 When the air temperature is 26C and the dew point is 10C, the relative humidity is
32 percent
A)

36.5 percent

B)
43.2 percent
C)

54.1 percent
D)

20 A 5000-cm container holds 6 g of gas under a pressure of 2 atm and a temperature of 20C.
When 10 g of the same gas fills a 2500-cm container, the temperature rises to 30C. The new
pressure is
2.71 atm
A)

3.3 atm

B)
6.89 atm
C)

9.31 atm

D)

21 Provided that the

and

of a sample of gas are maintained constant, the

of the gas

varies inversely with its absolute pressure. This is known as

law.

22 In the ideal gas law, the ratio of

to
the

is always equal to constant R, known as

constant.

23 The temperature above which a gas will not liquefy, regardless of the pressure applied, is called
the

24 Three types of vaporization are

,

, and

25 The temperature to which air must be cooled at constant pressure to produce saturation is
called the

26

humidity represents the quantity of water vapor per unit

volume.

humidity, however, is a percentage based on the

ratio of

27 A

to

is that quantity of a substance that contains the same

number of particles as there are atoms in 12 g of carbon 12.

28 If the

and

of a gas are

held constant, Charless law states that the

of a gas is

directly proportional to its

29 A mole of any gas contains

referred to as

molecules. This number is

.

30 The units for the constant R in the ideal gas law are

, as

determined from the equation.

1 In the absence of friction, heat engines are 100 percent efficient.

True
A)
False
B)

2 If the first law of thermodynamics is satisfied, the second law will also be satisfied.
True
A)
False
B)

3 In every thermodynamic process, the heat absorbed by a system must equal the sum of the work
done by the system and its change in internal energy.
True
A)
False
B)

4 An isochoric process is graphed as a straight line on a P-V diagram.

True
A)

False
B)

5 In an adiabatic process, the internal energy will increase when work is done on the system,
whereas it will decrease when work is done by the system.
True
A)
False
B)

6 During an isothermal expansion, all the absorbed thermal energy is converted to useful work.
True
A)
False
B)

7 All Carnot engines are perfect engines and, therefore, operate at 100 percent efficiency.
True
A)
False
B)

8 The greater the difference between the input and output temperatures of a steam engine, the
greater the efficiency of the engine.
True
A)

False
B)

9 A high compression ratio of an internal combustion engine means a higher operating efficiency.
True
A)
False
B)

1 The coefficient of performance for a refrigerator is a measure of cooling efficiency and is

0 expressed as a percentage.
True
A)
False
B)

1 The thermodynamic state of a gas refers to

1
its pressure
A)
its volume
B)
its temperature
C)
all of these
D)

1 The net work accomplished by an engine undergoing adiabatic compression is equal to

2
U
A)
-U
B)
Q
C)
-Q
D)

1 An engine that operates with 100 percent efficiency

3
is a Carnot engine
A)
violates the first law
B)
has an Otto cycle
C)
violates the second law
D)

1 If a heat engine absorbs heat at 600 K and rejects heat at 200 K, its efficiency is
4
33 percent
A)
50 percent

B)
67 percent
C)
80 percent
D)

1 In a Carnot cycle, 1600 cal is absorbed at 600 K, and 400 cal is exhausted to a cold reservoir.
5 The temperature of the cold reservoir is
150 K
A)
200 K
B)
450 K
C)
800 K
D)

1 An adiabatic process is one in which

6
the temperature is constant
A)
the pressure is constant
B)
the volume is constant
C)
no heat enters or leaves the system
D)

1 If the adiabatic constant is 1.4 and the compression ratio is 6, a gasoline engine has an efficiency
7 of
45 percent
A)
51 percent
B)
56 percent
C)
64 percent
D)

1 For a Carnot engine to operate with an efficiency of 100 percent, the exhaust temperature must
8 be
0C
A)
0K
B)
infinite
C)
equal to the input temperature
D)

1 In a mechanical refrigerator, the low-temperature coils of the evaporator are at -23C, and the
9 compressed gas in the condenser has a temperature of 77C. The coefficient of performance is
20 percent
A)

70 percent
B)
0.23
C)
2.5
D)

2 In a typical refrigerator, heat is extracted from the interior by the

0
compressor
A)
evaporator
B)
condenser
C)
throttling valve
D)

2 The efficiency of a heat engine is the ratio of the

1
the

2 A(n)
2
whereas in a(n)

to

process is one in which the volume remains constant,

process the temperature is constant.

2 The throttling process is an example of a(n)

3

process.

2 The area under the curve on a P-V diagram represents the

4

in

a thermodynamic process.

2 Three coordinates used to describe the thermodynamic state of a system

,
5 are
and

2 The
6

is essentially a restatement of the conservation of

energy.

2 A(n)
7

is a heat engine operating in reverse. Its effectiveness

is measured by the

2 Four essential elements of a typical refrigerator include the

8
,
and

,
.

2 The fact that all natural spontaneous processes are irreversible is a consequence of

9 the

3 A(n)
0

engine has the maximum possible efficiency for an

engine that absorbs heat from one reservoir, performs work, and rejects heat to another
reservoir at a lower temperature.