Committed to Connecting the World

Technology, Standardization and

Deployment of Long Term Evolution (IMT)

ITU-Standardization on IMTAdvanced , BW Standards and

Deployment in Asia Pacific

Tehran, I R Iran
9 December 2013
Sameer Sharma
(sameer.sharma@itu.int)
Senior Advisor, ITU Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific

Agenda

IMT Advanced

Wireless Broadband Standards

Development and Deployment of

Broadband in Asia Pacific

IMT Advanced

Committed to Connecting the World

Background
For the last 25 years, ITU has been coordinating the
development of a global broadband multimedia
international mobile telecommunication system, known as
IMT.
Since 2000, the world has seen the introduction of the
first family of standards derived from the IMT concept
IMT-2000 (commonly referred to as 3G). 3G is now widely
deployed and being rapidly enhanced.
IMT-Advanced provides a global platform on which to
build the next generations of mobile services - fast data
access, unified messaging and broadband multimedia - in
the form of exciting new interactive services and
applications.

ITU has determined that "LTE-Advanced" &

"Wireless MAN-Advanced" should be accorded the
official designation of IMT-Advanced
2 December 2013

Role of ITU
Spectrum Efficiency, Coordination & Improvements
International Standards for Key Access and Network Interfaces
Provide Foundation, Framework & Catalyst For 3G Convergence
Across Regions & Technologies
Harmonize Regional Input Contributions & Consensus Building
World Radiocommunication Conference (WRCs): Reviews &
revises the use of the Radio-Frequency spectrum
Radiocommunication Assembly (RA): Sets work priorities / timeframes and approves the Recommendations in support of WRCs
Radio Regulations Board (RRB): Approves Rules of Procedure for
applying Radio Regulations and registering frequency
assignments made by Member States
2 December 2013

Mobile Standard Organizations

Mobile
Operators

ITU Members

ITU
IS-95), IS-41, IS2000, IS-835

GSM, W-CDMA,
UMTS
Third Generation
Patnership Project
(3GPP)

CWTS
(China)

Third Generation
Partnership Project II
(3GPP2)

ARIB
(Japan)
TTC
(Japan)
TTA
(Korea)
ETSI
(Europe)

2 December 2013

T1
(USA)

TIA
(USA)

ITU & SDO Partners

2 December 2013

Phenomenal Mobile Data Explosion

As of today there are more than:
1 billion 3G subscriptions
400 3GPP-family networks of HSPA technology with
data speeds in the 2-14 Mbps range.
140 networks of HSPA+ technology with data speeds
of up to 42 Mbps
50 LTE already installed networks (started
commercially late 2009) with 10 million LTE
subscriptions and with many foreseen operators to
deploy LTE gradually

2 December 2013

What is IMT?
IMT = International Mobile Telecommunications
ITU Global Broadband Multimedia International Mobile
Telecommunication System
A family of Standards:
IMT-2000: ITUs umbrella name for 3G
IMT-Advanced
National & Regional standards bodies are collaborating in
3G partnership projects: TIA (US), ETSI (EU), TTC (Japan),
TTA (South Korea), etc
Currently: There Are More Than 2 Billion IMT Subscribers
In The World
2 December 2013

10

IMT-2000 Vision
Global
Satellite
Suburban

Macrocell

Urban

Microcell

In-Building
Picocell

Basic Terminal
PDA Terminal
Audio/Visual Terminal

2 December 2013

11

IMT-2000 Radio Access Standards

IMT- 2000
CDMA
Direct
Spread

WCDMA
UMTS)

2 December 2013

IMT- 2000
CDMA
Multi Carrier

CDMA 1X
& 1 x EV

IMT- 2000
CDMaA
TDD

TRA TDD &

TD-SCDMA

IMT- 2000
CDMA
Single
Carrier

UWC-136
DGE

IMT- 2000
FDMA /
TDMA

DECT

IMT- 2000
OFDMA
TDD WMAN

Wimax
(CMR 2007)

(Source: ITU)

12

IMT Advanced: ITU Standard for 4G

IMT- Advanced was standardized late 2011 & agreed @ ITU
Radiocommunication Assembly (RA-12), in Geneva , January 2012,
consensus was reached to expand the IMT Radio Interface Family by
establishing the new IMT-Advanced standard. The Recommendation ITU-R
M.2012 dealing with IMT was approved by all Member States.
During the ITU World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-12) in
Geneva, February 2012, it was agreed that additional spectrum for the
mobile applications (which includes IMT) was made in Resolution 232 in
the band 694 - 790 MHz in Region 1 and additionally asked the ITU-R to
perform sharing studies in this band and in additional bands to be
identified for IMT in preparation for WRC-15 (Resolution 233). The
additional spectrum will be assigned by the next WRC-15.
IMT-Advanced to be commercialized by 2015
Data Rates of 1 Gbps Range
2 December 2013

13

Relative Adoption of Technologies

2 December 2013

14

IMT Advanced
Increased spectrum efficiency supporting more users at
higher data rates per radio channel. ITU recommends:
Operation in up-to-40 MHz radio channels with very high
spectral efficiency
Operation in up-to-100 MHz radio channels & peak spectral
efficiency of 15 bps/Hz, resulting in a theoretical
throughput rate of 1.5 Gbps
Fully packet-based architecture meaning reduced costs, and
comprehensive support for broadband wireless data;
Improved radio resource management and control for
enhanced quality of service;
New capabilities for physical layer of radio interface
wideband radio channels, MIMO [multiple input multiple
output] smart antennas & flexible deployment options.
2 December 2013

15

IMT Advanced
Convergence of Various Networks into 1 IP based Network

2 December 2013

16

IMT Advanced: Key Features

Compatibility of services within IMT & fixed networks

Capability of interworking with other radio access
Worldwide roaming capability systems
Enhanced peak data rates to support advanced services
& applications (100 Mbit/s for high and 1 Gbit/s for low
mobility)
Use radio-frequency spectrum much more efficiently
making higher data transfers possible on lesser
bandwidth
Low Latency and QoS comparable to fixed network
2 December 2013

17

IMT-Advanced Requirements & Anticipated

LTE-Advanced Capability

2 December 2013

18

Capabilities of IMT-2000 & IMT-Advanced

IMT
Advanced

2 December 2013

(Source: ITU)

19

IMT Advanced: Timelines

2 December 2013

(Source: ITU)

20

IMT Advanced: Summary

Characteristics
Deployment
Core networks
Band
Data rates
Access
methods

Technology
2012-2015
IP based
Below 6 GHz
100 Mbps to 1 GHz

OFDMA, SC- FDMA, OFDM-TDMA

Radio Interface

Cognitive radios, software defined radios.

Modulation
Services
provided
Duplex
methods
Error control

QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, DAPSK

Handover
2 December 2013

Rich multimedia, voice, high speed data.

FDD(paired, unpaired), TDD
LDPC, turbo codes, HARQ
Seamless, vertical, horizontal, hard, soft
21

ITU-R M.2072l Forecast Vs Actuals

2 December 2013

22

ITU-R Study on IMT Forecasts: ITU-R M.2243 Report:

Mobile Global Data Traffic estimates 2011-2015

2 December 2013

23

Options to Manage Mobile Demand

2 December 2013

24

Ensuring Full Availability of IMT Identified Spectrum

The Amount of Typical Available Spectrum Per Region

Asia-Pacific Telecommunity
Arab Spectrum
Management Group
African Telecomm Union
EU Conference of Postal
&Telecomm Administrations

2 December 2013

25

WRC-12: Preparations

2 December 2013

26

WRC-12 & IMT: Results

Mobile Broadband / IMT Spectrum

In addition to establishing the conditions to use of the 800 MHz

band (i.e., 790-862 MHz) in Region 1 (the first digital dividend),
WRC-12 considered further spectrum allocations to the mobile
service, including International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT)
to facilitate the development of terrestrial mobile broadband
applications; thus the extension of the 800 MHz band, i.e., 694-790
MHz (the second digital dividend) in Region 1 will be available
from 2015.
2 December 2013

27

WRC-12 & IMT: Results

Spectrum Bands for IMT
WARC-92, WRC-2000, WRC-2007, WRC-2012
identified the following bands:
450-470 MHz,
698-960 MHz,
1710-2025 MHz,
2110-2200 MHz,
2300-2400 MHz,
2500-2690 MHz,
3400-3600 MHz
Actual allocation may differ across Region 1, 2 and 3
2 December 2013

28

Wireless Broadband Standards

29

Terrestrial BWA
Studies on terrestrial BWA in ITU-R are carried
out in Study Group 5:
Working Party 5A non- IMT BWA (fixed and
mobile)
Working Party 5C FWA systems not related to public
access systems for potentially mass market coverage
(e.g. P-MP fixed systems)

Working Party 5D IMT systems

Some Key Publications on

Terrestrial BWA
Rec. ITU-R F.1763 - Radio interface standards for
broadband wireless access systems in the fixed service
operating below 66 GHz
Rec. ITU-R M.1801 - Radio interface standards for
broadband wireless access systems, including mobile
and nomadic applications, in the mobile service
operating below 6 GHz
Rec. ITU-R M.1457 - Detailed specifications of the
terrestrial radio interfaces of International Mobile
Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000)
Land Mobile Handbook (including Wireless Access)
Volume 1: Fixed Wireless Access
Volume 5: Broadband Wireless Access Systems.
Handbook on deployment of IMT-2000 systems (and
revision 1 to Supplement 1)

Recent Studies on Terrestrial BWA

Draft revision of Recommendation ITU-R M.1652 - Dynamic frequency
selection (DFS) in wireless access systems including radio local area
networks for the purpose of protecting the radiodetermination service in
the 5 GHz band
Draft revision of Recommendation ITU-R F.757-3 - Basic system
requirements and performance objectives for fixed wireless access using
mobile-derived technologies offering telephony and data communication
services
Report ITU-R M.2116-1 - Characteristics of broadband wireless access
systems operating in the land mobile service for use in sharing studies
Report ITU-R M.2198 ([IMT.RADIO]) - The outcome of the evaluation,
consensus building and decision of the IMT-Advanced process (steps 4-7),
including characteristics of IMT-Advanced radio interfaces

Scope of BWA Standardization

Protocol stack
Higher
Layer

Application
TCP

Network layer
(IP)

Data Link
Layer

DLC
Sub-layer
MAC
Sub-layer

Physical Layer
PHY

Specified items

Network routing
Mobility management

Send-receive flow control

ARQ control
QoS control

3GPPs

Medium access control

Error detection & correction

ARIB

Radio frequency arrangement

Modulation/Demodulation
Transmission bit rate
Necessary bandwidth
Frequency sharing criteria

TCP : Transmission Control Protocol IP : Internet Protocol

MAC : Media Access Control
DLC : Data Link Control

ETSI
IEEE
Etc.

ITU-R
Recommendation

Fixed BWA
Rec. ITU-R F.1763 - Radio interface standards for broadband wireless Access systems
in the fixed service operating below 66 GHz

The Recommendation identifies specific radio interface standards for BWA systems in the
FS, addressing profiles for the recommended interoperability standards.

The interoperability standards referenced in the Recommendation include the following

specifications: system profiles; PHY layer parameters, i.e. channelization, modulation
scheme, data rates; MAC layer messages and header fields; conformance testing methods:

IEEE 802.16 -2004

BWA
standards
harmonized
for
interoperability
(below 66 GHz)

System profiles ( 12)

Harmonized
specifications

ETSI HiperMAN
System profiles (TS 102 210)

Common MAC
Layer:MAC ( 6, 7)

DLC (TS 102 178)

Physical Layer (< 11

GHz):OFDM ( 8.3)

PHY (TS 102 177)

OFDMA ( 8.4)
SCa (8.2)
(10-66 GHz):

SC ( 8.1)

Mobile BWA
Rec. ITU-R M.1801 - Radio interface standards for broadband wireless access systems,
including mobile and nomadic applications, in the mobile service operating below 6 GHz

This Recommendation identifies specific radio interface standards for BWA systems in the
mobile service operating below 6 GHz.
Broadband radio local area networks
IMT-2000 terrestrial radio interfaces
Harmonized IEEE and ETSI radio interface standards
ATIS WTSC radio interface standards
Next-generation PHS

Satellite BWA
Studies on satellite BWA in ITU-R are carried out in
Study Group 4:
Working Party 4A Efficient orbit/spectrum utilization
for FSS and BSS

Working Party 4B Systems, air interfaces,

performance and availability objectives for FSS, BSS and
MSS, including IP-based applications and satellite news
gathering
Working Party 4C Efficient orbit/spectrum utilization
for MSS and RDSS

Key Publications on Satellite BWA

Recommendation ITU-R S.1782 - Possibilities for
global broadband Internet access by fixed-satellite
service systems;
Recommendation ITU-R S.1709-1 - Technical
characteristics of air interfaces for global broadband
satellite systems;
Recommendation ITU-R S.1711-1 - Performance
enhancements of transmission control protocol over
satellite networks;

Recommendation ITU-R S.1783 - Technical and

operational features characterizing high-density
applications in the fixed-satellite service.

Development and Deployment of

Broadband in Asia Pacific

38

Mobile catches up with the world population

39

Potential Opportunities for ICT Growth

40

Digital Gap in Asia-Pacific

Active ICT/mobile-broadband
subscriptions, penetration (2013)

Asia Pacific Regional IDI ranking

Investment Opportunity
Investment on
Broadband/Access
in Asia Pacific
2011 - 2015

Leaders Vision
Leaders Vision to
realize Asia-Pacific Smartly DIGITAL
2020 : e.g.,
-

Digital

Inclusive

Green

Innovative

Transformative

Affordable

Living

Communique
Priority Areas for
the Actions
1. Investment in ICT
Infrastructure
2. Stimulating Innovation &
Creative Use of ICT
3. Sustainable Development
through ICT
4. Digital Inclusion
5. Building Digital Literacy &
Building Human and
Institutional Capacity

Through Smart Partnership

(4Ps)

Outcomes
625 participants from 37 ITU Member
States, 7 Heads of State, 1 Deputy Prime
Minister, 30 Ministers, Deputy Ministers and
Ambassadors, 13 Observers from ITU
Member States outside the Asia-Pacific
region, 19 international and regional
organizations, 10 Recognized Operating
Agencies, 13 Scientific and Industrial
Organizations, 8 other entities
90 projects to cater for market opportunities
worth approximately 53 billion USD

ITU Asia-Pacific Broadband Initiatives

Broadband Policies adopted at highest level : Fiji & Cambodia

Broadband Policies for Vietnam, Samoa, Nepal, Myanmar, Bhutan,

Bangladesh, Cambodia , Nepal, PNG, Indonesia, Pakistan, Lao PDR,
Vanuatu, Marshall Islands, Brunei, Philippines
47

Pilot Country:
Viet Nam

Key points from the WBB Masterplan include:

Flexible rights of use should be instituted for key
wireless spectrum allocations with technology
neutral use including WCDMA @ 900 and LTE @
1800 MHz
Countries with
UMTS 900
deployments
include: Australia,
Bulgaria, Croatia,
Estonia, Faroe Islands,
Finland, France,
Germany, Ghana,
Greenland, Hong
Kong, Iceland, Latvia,
New Zealand, Poland,
Qatar, Romania,
Russia, Slovenia,
South Africa, Spain,
Switzerland, United
Kingdom, Ukraine and
Venezuela.

 There is a need to encourage better, more affordable WBB

services by promoting service competition eg the VNTA should
consider mandated access for MVNOs to promote more
dynamic market and reduce entry barriers for potential new
4G competitors.

Planning for and executing the Digital TV migration will free

up digital dividend spectrum below 1 GHz that could enhance
broadband coverage many times over. Plans for a two stage
digital dividend are endorsed.
Minimum spectrum allocation for cellular mobile services in
Viet Nam should be at least 760 MHz in 2020 and preferably
840 MHz. Although demand for wireless services will be high,
these targets are achieveable if the digital dividend is secured.

Overall Spectrum Requirements in the WBB a summary

The key to ensuring affordable WBB services

is in addressing costs at each stage of the end
to end eco-system.
ILLUSTRATIVE
1b
X

1a

Central
office

Domestic
backhaul

Content
Eco-system
platform

Customer
Access

Platform
development

Wireless network

BB remote
access server

Global
Internet

4
NGN core
investments

NGN core &

backhaul
network

Global
capacity
connectivity
International
capacity

Government Taxes and charges, regulatory regime

Ensure that country

is connected to the
global digital
economy

ITU Initiatives on Broadband : e-Health

6.8 billion mobile users, over 90 %
coverage, 1/3rd of world population on
Internet and 2 billion broadband users
ITU WHO: Commissions on
Information & Accountability for
Women & Childrens Health
ITU WHO National e-Health Strategy
toolkit
ITU WHO Mobile technologies
prevention cure & awareness of NCD
Interoperable standards on e-Health
Study Group 16 : Q 28/16: Multimedia
Framework for e-health Applications.
Telemedicine / e Health: Nepal
Mobile Applications : Nepal , Bhutan

52

ITU Initiatives on Broadband : e-Education

What is the Connect a

School, Connect a
Community initiative
Why Connect Schools?
Best practices in using ICTs
for persons with disabilities

Best practices in using

ICTs for womens

empowerment
Best practices in providing
ICTs for indigenous
persons

International
Telecommunication
Union

Mobile Applications : Bhutan

Recognizing the role of mobile applications in

stimulating supply and creating demand , ITU and
MOIC Bhutan prioritized four key mobile applications
(i) m-health (ii) m-agriculture (iii) m-disaster
management and (iv) m-banking;

Comprehensive report on development of four

mobile applications was prepared

In close coordination with responsible line ministries

, four Mobile applications have been developed and
currently under deployment stage.

Implementation almost completed

M-Agriculture

M-Banking

M-Health

M-Emergency Com

http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/asp/CMS/Docs/Bhutan%20EV4.pdf

54

ITU Initiatives on Broadband :

ICT for PWD

Digital Inclusion
E Accessibility Tool Kit
Multimedia Standards
ITU assisting India, Nepal
Afghanistan ICT for PwD

ITU-MCMC Contest
Connecting at the Roots

Greening the Future: Bridging the

Standardization Gap on
Environmental Sustainability

Asia-Pacific Information
Superhighway Maps
ESCAP and ITU have jointly produced
groundbreaking new interactive maps of
the Global Information Superhighway,
which will help bridge the digital divide in
Asia-Pacific.
Maps are first ever to show policy makers
and investors where the missing links in
terrestrial transmission are across the
region, assisting affordable broadband
connectivity

58

Conclusions

ITU work on IMT Advanced will facilitate

interoperable standards worldwide
Human and institutional capacity building
essential for harnessing full potential of
new technologies
Adoption of policies at highest level and
creating enabling environment
Deployment of applications and service for
socio economic development
59

Thank

U
ITU : http://www.itu.int
ITU Asia Pacific : http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/asp/CMS/index.asp