You are on page 1of 12

ACTIVITY 7:

Digestive System

Submitted by:
John Linelle Pura
Trixia Mariellie Reyes
Jenina Marie Sale

Submitted to:
M.s Chona Bandelaria

ACTIVITY 7a
Lip section (lower lip)

1. Vermilion

border
5. Skin
6. Blood vessels

2. Oral mucosa

7. Skeletal
muscle
3. Sebaceous
gland

8. Arrector
pili muscle

4. Accessory
Salivary gland

Structures
Vermilion Border
Oral Mucosa
Sebaceous Gland
Accessory Salivary Gland
Skin
Blood Vessels
Skeletal Muscle

Summary of Significance to the Function of Lip


It extends from the junction of thelips with the surrounding facial skin
on the exterior to the labial mucosa within the mouth
Acts as a barrier of the teeth and covers most of the oral cavity apart
from the teeth
Produces and releases sebum in order to help protect and lubricate the
surface of the skin
Secretes saliva, which has a lubricating function, which protects the oral
mucosa of the mouth during eating and speaking

Accentuates the color difference between the vermilion and


normal skin
Transports blood throughout the lip
Helps to support and move the lip

Arrector Pili Muscle


Tooth: Decalcified section

It slightly elevates the peripheral hair follicles

4. Enamel
5. Dentin

1. Crown

6. Gingival sulcus
7. Pulp cavity
(contains blood
vessels and nerves)

2. Neck

8. Gingiva (gum)

3. Root

Structures
Crown
Neck
Root
Enamel
Dentin
Gingival Sulcus
Pulp Cavity
Gingiva

Summary of Significance to the Function of Tooth


The shape of the crown determines the tooth's function
The constricted part connecting the head with the trunk of the body
Serve to anchor the tooth in position
It covers the outer layer of each tooth and it is the most visible part
of the tooth
Responsible for giving it the yellowish or white-cream appearance
unctions as a seal between teeth and gingival tissue, and includes
protective defenses against disease-causing bacteria
Provides vitality to the tooth

Protects the bone and the roots of the teeth and provides an
easily lubricated surface.

3.

9. Periodontal
ligament

10. Cement

11. Apical
foramen

Structures
Periodontal
Cement
Apical foramen

Summary of Significance to the Function of Tooth


Responsible for attaching the tooth to the jaw bone
To seal the restoration on the tooth and to support the retention of
the restoration
Opening at the apex of the root of a tooth, through which the nerve
and blood vessels that supply the dental pulp pass

Esophagus: Upper region

1. Mucosa:

5. Blood vessel in
lamina propria

a. Stratified squamous

epithelium

6. Excretory ducts of
esophageal glands
proper

b. Lamina propria
c. Muscularis
mucosae
2. Mucous acini of
esophageal glands
proper

7. Adipose tissue

3. Submucosa
4. Muscularis externa:
a. Inner circular
muscle layer
b. Outer longitudinal
muscle layer
Structures
Mucosa
Stratified squamous epithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis Mucosae
Mucous Acini of Esophageal
Glands Proper
Submucosa
Muscularis Externa
Inner Circular Muscle Layer
Outer Longitudinal Muscle
Blood Vessel in Lamina Propria
Excretory Ducts of Esophageal
Glands Proper
Adipose Tissue

Summary of Significance to the Function of Esophagus


Separates the lumen of the digestive tract, which is continuous with
the environment, from the body of the organism
Serves a protective function against the abrasive effects of food
Lies beneath the epithelium and together with the epithelium
constitutes the mucosa
To aid in propelling nutrients in a uniform direction from the lumen
to the submucosa
Basic secretory units of salivary glands
Forms the number of longitudinal folds
propels the contents by shortening the tube
Prevents food from traveling backward
Shortens the tract
Transports blood throughout the esophagus
Secrete materials from large membrane-bound vesicles
Store energy in the form of fat, although it also cushions and

insulates the body

Small intestine (Duodenum), c.s.

1. Intervillous
space

7. Duodenal glands
in submucosa

2. Goblet cells
3. Villus

8. Lacteals

4. Lamina propria

5. Intestinal crypts
6. Muscularis
mucosae
9. Muscularis
externa
Structures
Intervillous Space
Goblet Cells
Villus
Lamina Propria
Intestinal Crypts
Muscularis Mucosae
Duodenal Glands
Lacteals
Muscularis Externa

Summary of Significance to the Function of Small Intestine


Part of the duodenum surrounding the villi
Secrete mucus in order to protect the mucous membranes where they
are found
Absorption in the small intestine as they have a thin wall, one cell
thick, which enables a shorter diffusion path
Constituent of the moist linings known as mucous membranes
or mucosa, which line various tubes in the body
Moat-like invaginations of the epithelium around the villi
Supports the mucosa and provides it with the ability to move and fold
Secretes an alkaline fluid composed of mucin, which exerts a
physiologic anti-acid function by coating the duodenal epithelium,
therefore protecting it from the acid chyme of the stomach.
Absorbs dietary fats in the villi of the small intestine

Local contractions of circular muscle layer for mixing chyme

with digestive juices and moving it into contact with


the mucosa for absorption
Tongue

1. Adipose tissue

2. Tongue
Salivary
gland

3. Skeletal
muscle

Structures

Adipose tissue

Tongue salivary gland


Skeletal muscle

Summary of Significance to the Function of Large


Intestine
Acts as an insulating layer, helping to reduce heat loss through the
skin. It also has a protective function, providing mechanical
protection ("padding") and support around some of the major
organs
Produce saliva, which keeps the mouth and other parts of the
digestive system moist. It also helps break down carbohydrates and
lubricates the passage of food down from the oro-pharynx to the
esophagus to the stomach.
Allows for the tongue's mobility.

ACTIVITY 7b
Human Liver lpo

2. Portal area

3. Plates of
Hepatocytes

1. Sinusoids

Structures
Sinusoids
Portal area
Plates of Hepatocytes

Summary of Significance to the Function of Liver


Serves as a location for mixing of the oxygen-rich blood from the
hepatic artery and the nutrient-rich blood from the portal vein.
Responsible for directing blood from parts of the gastrointestinal
tract to the liver
Synthesize many important substances such as blood clotting
factors, transporter proteins, cholesterol, and bile components .

Large Intestine

4. Goblet
cells
1. Lamina
propria
2. Lymphatic
nodule
3. Muscularis
mucosa

5. Intestinal
gland

6. Submucosa

7. Muscularis
externa
Structures
Lamina propria
Lymphatic nodule
Muscularis mucosa
Goblet cells
Intestinal gland
Submucosa
Muscularis Externa

Summary of Significance to the Function of Large


Intestine
Provides support and nutrition to the epithelium, as well as the
means to bind to the underlying tissue.
Contains germinal centressites for localized production of
lymphocytes.
Acts as a barrier that prevents autodigestion of other layers of gut
by enzymes and prevents toxic substances to enter the bloodstream.
secrete mucus in order to protect the mucous membranes where
they are found
secrete digestive enzymes
Absorption into the blood stream takes place in this layer.
provide peristalsis to the gut

Small Intestine (duodenum)

1. Villi

2. Intestinal
Glands

3. Muscularis
Mucosa

4. Submucosa

5. Duodenal
Glands

6. Muscularis
externa
(circular)
7. Muscularis
externa
(longitudinal)

Structures
Villi
Intestinal Glands
Muscularis Mucosae
Submucosa
Duodenal glands
Muscularis Externa
(circular)
Muscularis externa
(longitudinal)

Summary of Significance to the Function of Small Intestine


Absorption in the small intestine as they have a thin wall, one cell
thick, which enables a shorter diffusion path
Has enterocytes that contain digestive enzymes that digest specific
foods while they are being absorbed through the epithelium.
Acts as a barrier that prevents autodigestion of other layers of gut by
enzymes and prevents toxic substances to enter the bloodstream
Absorption into the blood stream takes place in this layer.
Secretes an alkaline fluid composed of mucin, which exerts a
physiologic anti-acid function by coating the duodenal epithelium,
therefore protecting it from the acid chyme of the stomach.
prevents food from traveling backward

shortens the tract

Rectum

1. Goblet
cells

4. Lamina
propria

2. Intestinal
glands
5. Muscularis
mucosa

3. Submucosa

Structures
Goblet cells
Intestinal Glands
Muscularis Mucosae
Submucosa
Lamina propria

Summary of Significance to the Function of Small Intestine


Secrete mucus in order to protect the mucous membranes where they
are found
Has enterocytes that contain digestive enzymes that digest specific
foods while they are being absorbed through the epithelium.
makes mucus that helps stool move easily through the colon and
rectum
contains mucous glands, blood vessels, lymph vessels and nerves
Provides support and nutrition to the epithelium, as well as the means
to bind to the underlying tissue.

References:
Mouth. (n.d.). Retrieved December 03, 2016, from
http://www.innerbody.com/image_digeov/dige28-new.html
Dental Health Foundation. (n.d.). Retrieved December 03, 2016, from
http://www.dentalhealth.ie/children/structure.html
ESOPHAGUS. (n.d.). Retrieved December 03, 2016, from
http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc.ru/mgs/gnw/trrd/thesaurus/Di/esophag.html
SMALL INTESTINE. (n.d.). Retrieved December 03, 2016, from
http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc.ru/mgs/gnw/trrd/thesaurus/Di/small.html
Labeled Histology Slides. (n.d.). Retrieved December 05, 2016, from
http://www.colorado.edu/intphys/iphy3415/histology/
Boundless. Muscularis. Boundless Anatomy and Physiology. Boundless, 04 Nov. 2016. Retrieved 05
Dec. 2016 from https://www.boundless.com/physiology/textbooks/boundless-anatomy-and-physiologytextbook/digestive-system-23/layers-of-the-alimentary-canal-219/muscularis-1074-9545/

(n.d.). Retrieved December 05, 2016, from


http://www.sparknotes.com/health/digestion/section1.rhtml

You might also like