ECONOMIC CHANGES UNDER SPAIN

Presented by:
Cablitas, Vanessa Patrice
Castro, Neo Arki
Chico, Jorald
Coronel, Johnmel
Sonon, Kevin Joshua

ENCOMIENDA (1558)
A reward from the King to the Spaniards who helped in the conquest and the
establishment of settlements in the Philippines, given the right to collect
taxes/tributes from the assigned area.
Maximum of 300 natives, up to P2,000 land value, and could be held for three
generations.
In exchange for this favor, the encomendero should teach the Christian
doctrine to the natives, protect them from any harm and other humane
provisions.

KINDS OF ENCOMIENDA
1. Royal (King)
2. Ecclesiastical (Church)
3. Private (Individual)

POLO Y SERVICIO
forced labor of all Filipino males from 16 to 60 years old. The workers could be
placed on any project the Spanish wanted, despite hazardous or unhealthy
conditions.
FALLA
an unreasonably high fee to be paid for a Filipino laborer to be exempted
from forced labor.
TRIBUTE (1570)

 a compelled contribution of the Filipinos to the Spanish colonial government in

order to raise enough money to finance the administration.

CEDULA PERSONAL
a form of taxation which replaced the tributary system. This served as a paper
which was used as proof that one was a colony of Spain and a legitimate member of
a pueblo.
TAXES
Diesmos Prediales - one-tenth of the produce of the land.
Donativo de Zamboanga - specifically used for the conquest of Jolo.
Vinta - for the defense of the coasts from Muslim pirates.

GALLEON TRADE
a trade conducted by the Spanish from 1565 to 1815 across the Pacific Ocean.
Manila and Jolo (trading centers of the archipelago)
High-ranking officials of the State, the Church and the crew of the galleons were
allowed to engage in trade.
Last galleon trade: Manila to Acapulco, Mexico.

SITUADO
an annual subsidy from the Mexican government sent to the Philippines, in order
to prevent the colonial government from bankruptcy.
amounted to P250,000 on the average.

ECONOMIC SOCIETY OF FRIENDS OF THE COUNTRY (1781)

founded by Governor Basco to effectively implement an economic policy in the
colony.
"a society of selected people who are capable enough to produce useful ideas."
(1) factories and manufacturers
(2) industry and popular education
(3) natural history

(4) domestic and foreign commerce

(5) agriculture and rural economy
ACADEMY OF DRAWING (1824)
granted scholarships to those who were interested in the art of dyeing.
AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL (1861)
trained the farmers in advanced agricultural methods.
TOBACCO MONOPOLY (1780)
1. The cultivation of the tobacco was prohibited except for the provinces selected to
grow it.
2. Contraband sale of tobacco was forbidden.
3. The government had the exclusive right to purchase all tobacco, to inspect and
classify the tobacco plant and to prepare and manufacture cigar and cigarettes.
4. The government had the right to prohibit the exportation or importation of
tobacco by any agency not connected with the government.
ROYAL COMPANY OF THE PHILIPPINES (1785)
To promote the progress of the Philippines by improving the foreign trade of the
colony with Spain and to develop the natural resources of the Philippines by
encouraging industry, manufacturing and agriculture.

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT : AN OVERVIEW

First 150 years: Slow economic development.
Spanish officials were lazy, incompetent and inefficient.
Frequent quarrels from the Spaniards themselves.
The people became unproductive and indolent.
Very little economic and social improvement in the life of the masses, while the
colonial officials and the church hierarchy grew rich.