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PHYSICS- 101

Mid sememster-I
Aug 05, 2015
Total marks:100
All questions are compulsory

Duration: 1.5 hours

Question 1.

[3+3+3+3+4+4+4 marks]

i. Which of the following is the basis of Temperature measurement


[
a)
Law of conservation of energy
c) Zeroth law of thermodynamics
b)
First law of thermodynamics
d) Second law of thermodynamics
ii. Most of the real processes are
[
a)
Reversible
c) Isothermal
b)
Adiabatic
d) Irreverisble
iii. Internal energy of a real gas is
[
a)
Only a function of
c) always zero
b)
Function of , and
d) only a function of and
iv.
v.

vii.

A Carnot engine absorbs 1 MJ of heat from a reservoir at 300oC and exhausts heat to a reservoir at
150oC. Find out the work done during the process?
A block of copper at a pressure of 1 atm (approximately 100 kPa), a volume of 100 cm3, and a
temperature of 10C experiences a rise in temperature of 5C and an increase in volume of 0.005
cm3. Calculate the final pressure (the volume expansivity,

vi.

, and isothermal compressibility,

, of Cu are 4.95 x 10-5 K-1 and (140 GPa)-1, respectively)

A container of adiabatic wall comprising of both an ideal gas and vacuum are
separated by the rigid wall and the volume of each container is V0, and the
initial pressure is P0. Calculate work done and final pressure after the free
expansion.

V0

V0

Gas

Vacuum

P0

A sphere and cube made of same material, having same total surface area are placed in an
enclosure turn by turn, after heating them to the same temperature. Compare their initial rates of
cooling in the enclosure. (Ignore the thermal interactions between them)

Question 2.
i.

ii.

Which is among the following is a thermodynamics property of the system? Explain it from the
first principles.




/
In Joules classical experiment, in the case of free expansion of an ideal gas it was found that there
was no measurable change in temperature of the gas, i.e.

iii.

0. Using Euler chain rule show

that the internal energy of an ideal gas, U must only be a function of temperature T.
Which of the following differential expressions for pressure is correct? Hence obtain the
corresponding equation of state.
---------- (1)
1

---------- (2)
where

is pressure,

is the temperature and , b are constants.

[5+5+15 marks]

Question 3.
i.

In which case a Carnot engine will yield greater efficiency: increasing the temperature of the hot
reservoir or lowering the temperature of the cold reservoir assuming the change in temperature is
same in both the cases?

ii.

An imaginary heat engine uses fixed amount of an ideal gas (Given

. The thermodynamic

cycle is shown in the figure to the right in which one of the curved
sections represents an isothermal, and the other is an adiabatic.
(a) Which of the two curved sections, 1 2 or 3 1 is an adiabatic
process? Justify with proper reasoning.
(b) Express in terms of ?
(c) What is the efficiency of this engine?
[5+5+5+10 marks]

Or
a) A small body with temperature
kept at temperature . When

and emissivity is placed in a large evacuated cavity with interior walls


is small, show that the rate of heat transfer by radiation

b) A reversible heat engine in a satellite operates between a hot reservoir at


and a radiating panel at
Radiation from the panel is proportional to its area and also to
. For a given work output and value at
show that the area of the panel will be minimum when

[5+20 marks]

Question 4.
i.

An ideal gas of n moles in a cylinder under a piston is transferred infinitesimally slowly from state
( ,
to ( ,
such that
and
. The change of state from 1 to 2 is given by a
straight line in the P-V diagram. Indicate the above process in T-V space and find out the maximum
temperature that the gas will attain in this process.

ii.

A cylinder with adiabatic walls is closed at both the ends and is divided
into two compartments, separated by a movable frictionless piston that is
also thermally insulating. Each compartment contains mixture of
identical ideal gases [ = 1.5]. Initially, the volume, pressure and
temperature of the ideal gas in each side of the cylinder were , and
, respectively. A heating coil is placed on the right hand-side
compartment and the gas is heated slowly until the pressure of the gas in
this side reaches 64 /27. Find the following in terms of P0, V0 and T0.
(a)
The final volume and temperature of the gas in the left compartment
(b)
The final temperature of the gas in the right compartment
(c)
The work done on the gas located in the left compartment.
[8+8+5+5 marks]
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