IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 3 | Issue 06 | December 2016

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Low Pass FIR Filter Design using Genetic

Algorithm
Surabhi Chaturvedi
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
CSIT, Durg, India

Navneet Kumar Sahu

Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
CSIT, Durg, India

Abstract
Filtering is a class of signal processing, which defines the feature of filters which performs the complete suppression of some
aspect of the signal. Digital filters are used in numerous applications from control systems, systems for audio and video
processing, and communication systems and for medical applications. Digital filtering can be used to produce very low
frequency signals, such as those occurring in biomedical and seismic applications very efficiently. The FIR filter has two major
advantages of stability and linear phase, and has been widely used in different applications. An efficient design algorithm for low
pass FIR filter design has been presented in this paper which is genetic algorithm. This algorithm provides the flexibility in
control of various parameters such as population size, number of generations, crossover probability and so on.
Keywords: FIR (Finite Impulse Response), GA (Genetic Algorithm)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I.

INTRODUCTION

Nowadays digital filters can be used to perform many filtering tasks and replacing traditional role of analog filters. Digital filter
is very important tool in digital signal processing field. This is used for the separation of signals that have been combined and the
restoration of signals that have been distorted by some way [5]. FIR filters are often used in many phase-sensitive applications
because they can always be designed to have linear phase. They are inherently stable due to its poles which lie at the origin.
Genetic algorithm optimization methods have emerged as a powerful approach for solving the more difficult optimization
problems [3]. As a stochastic algorithm, GA can be used to solve complicated problem with a huge search space, the discrete
search space is partitioned into smaller ones. Each of the small space is constructed surrounding an optimum continuous solution
with a floating pass band gain.
II. GENETIC ALGORITHM
Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are adaptive heuristic search algorithms introduced on the evolutionary themes of natural selection.
The fundamental concept of the GA design is to model processes in a natural system that is required for evolution, specifically
those that follow the principles proposed by Charles Darwin to find the survival of the fittest [8]. Genetic Algorithm is a robust
and efficient optimization procedure which finds the global optimal solution for many applications. After initializing the first
generation population of the chromosome, some individuals in the existing population will be selected according to a certain
selection mechanism. Those selected individuals are called "parents" and they will produce "children" by crossover and mutation
operators [4]. The generation process containing selection, crossover and mutation will be repeated until certain termination
criteria have been reached. Best fitted chromosomes, called elite chromosomes are transmitted as it is to the next generation.
With each generation, better solutions are obtained [6]. The genetic algorithm comprises three genetic operations reproduction,
crossover and mutation; these three operations are applied again and again, starting from an initial population of individuals.
Only good individuals remain in the population and reproduce, while the bad individuals are eliminated from the population
finally, the population will consist only of the best individuals fulfilling the design specification.

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Fig. 1: Flow Chart of Genetic Algorithm

III. RESULTS

Fig. 2: Magnitude Response of Low Pass FIR Filter with

and without GA

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Low Pass FIR Filter Design using Genetic Algorithm

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Fig. 3: Phase Response of Low Pass FIR Filter with and without GA

Fig. 4: Step Response of Low Pass FIR Filter with and without GA

Fig. 5: Impulse Response of Low Pass FIR Filter with and without GA

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Low Pass FIR Filter Design using Genetic Algorithm

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Fig. 6: Pole Zero Plot of Low Pass FIR Filter with and without GA

Fig. 7: Round Off Noise Power Spectrum of Low Pass FIR Filter with and without GA

Fig. 8: Plot of GA Generation verses Best Population

IV. CONCLUSION
In this paper, we present the design of low pass FIR filter using stochastic search techniques inspired by the principles of natural
selection and natural genetics. GA is based on the genetic processes of biological organisms. GA uses the principle of natural
selection and survival of the fittest. All the responses like magnitude response, phase response, step response, impulse
response, pole zero plot and so on are represented above, using these responses we analyze that we have got better result, the

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Low Pass FIR Filter Design using Genetic Algorithm

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stop band frequency achieved is 0.48 which is very good using filter order only 10. So that, it reduces computational complexity
very much. Here the number of population is 40 and number of generation is 300.
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[1]

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